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https://doi.org/10.33063/diva-427686

Un groupe pluridisciplinaire de chercheurs a suivi et filmé, à l’intérieur d’un centre de vidéosurveillance, pendant une nuit du mardi gras, la formation, le déroulement, la fragmentation et la dislocation d’un défilé de carnaval, alternatif et informel. Cette contribution montre des moments spécifiques de la constitution de l’événement suivi avec les caméras de surveillance et donnant lieu à des interactions lors d’appels téléphoniques entrants et sortants dans le centre, avec les polices nationale et municipale.

Ce volume rassemble les contributions de chercheurs de différentes aires culturelles autour de la notion d’événement, objet porteur de sens différents et, de ce fait, transversal à différentes disciplines des sciences humaines et sociales (histoire, sociologie, sciences du langage, sciences de la communication, sciences politiques…), ici représentées.Si, comme dit le dictionnaire d’usage, l’événement est « ce qui arrive », c’est également « ce qu’il devient » au fil du temps, c’est-à-dire comment on le raconte, le nomme, le qualifie, le mémorise, et comment il se transforme lorsqu’il est « saisi » par la langue et la communication et qu’il devient ainsi objet de discours. Car l’événement, c’est également «ce qui est important pour l’homme».Dire l’événement, c’est s’interroger sur ce qu’il représente, au-delà de l’expérience individuelle et du ressenti émotionnel : ce qu’il en reste dans l’histoire d’une société et chez ses acteurs, ce qu’il devient dans les mémoires collectives lorsqu’on en use comme un précédent pour envisager l’avenir, ou bien lorsqu’on l’oublie ou qu’on le nie. Dire l’événement, c’est finalement contribuer à le construire, à le représenter et à s’interroger sur ses référents, ce que cet ouvrage s’emploie à comprendre et à expliquer autour de cinq thèmes porteurs d’interrogations transversales : l’événement dans l’espace social ; la médiatisation des événements ; l’histoire, l’oubli, la mémoire ; le nom d’événement et le non-événement ; la langue et l’événement… L’événement est une notion qui devrait intéresser tout citoyen curieux de comprendre ce qui se passe dans le monde et l’environnement dans lesquels il vit et avec lesquels il interagit. This work is a multi-disciplinary collection of studies on the multiple ways that the historic and cultural event is recounted, qualified, named, communicated and broadcast. Specialists approach event discourse through social space, media treatment, memory and forgetting, non-events and the language of the event.

In this article we pursue a systematic and extensive study of overtaking in trafficas an interactional event. Our focus is on the accountable organisation and accomplishment of overtaking by road users in real-world traffic situations. Data and analysis are drawn from multiple research groups studying driving from an ethnomethodological and conversation analytic perspective. Building on multimodal and sequential analyses of video recordings of overtaking events, the article describes theshared practices which overtakers and overtaken parties use in displaying, recognising and coordinating their manoeuvres. It examines the three sequential phasesof an overtaking event: preparation and projection; the overtaking proper; the realignment post-phase including retrospective accounts and assessments. We identify how during each of these phases drivers and passengers organise intra-vehicleand inter-vehicle practices: driving and non-driving related talk between vehicleoccupants, the emerging spatiotemporal ecology of the road, and the driving actionsof other road users. The data is derived from a two camera set-up recording the roadahead and car interior. The recordings are from three settings: daily commuting,driving lessons, race-car coaching. The events occur on a variety of road types (motorways, country roads, city streets, a race track, etc.), in six languages (English,Finnish, French, German, Italian, and Swedish) and in seven countries (Australia,Finland, France, Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, and the UK). From an exceptionally diverse collection of video data, the study of which is made possible thanks tothe innovative collaboration of multiple researchers, the article exhibits the rangeof practical challenges and communicative skills involved in overtaking.

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The present study focusses on the theatre audience, and on its’ role in the maintenance of the theatrical situation. Using video-recorded performances of relatively naturalistic, modern dramas, the study examines the behaviour of the audience in relation to the unfolding of stage events. Such behaviour is described through close inspection of the sounds the audience produces, consisting primarily of coughing, throat-clearing, and laughter. The study contributes to the growing body of research surrounding ethnomethodological conversation analysis (CA). CA methods are used to analyse not only an audience’s overt reactions to stage events, but also the actions occurring outside these relatively short-lived phenomena in the context of a theatre performance. It is demonstrated that members of the audience refrain from making « vocal noise » during the verbal interaction of actors, and some of the resources used to achieve this end are described. These include the interpretation of the emerging dialogue, of the relative positioning of actors and of the actors’ use of gesture. Members of the audience are observed making vocal noise around possible completions in the sequence of ongoing stage actions, a placing which seems to make it maximally unobtrusive. Furthermore, the audience’s laughter is described. It is argued that members of the audience negociate collective moments of laughter with each other and with the actors. In doing so, the audience displays a sensitive awareness of the other members of the audience and the performers on stage. It is finally suggested that vocal noise on one hand and laughter on the other are differently placed in relation to an emerging action. This relative placing seems to indicate their producers’ different orientations to these actions, according to which vocal noise is to be hidden and laughter to be taken as an overt reaction.

How do people communicate in mobile settings of interaction? How does mobility affect the way we speak? How does mobility exert influence on the manner in which talk itself is consequential for how we move in space? Recently, questions of this sort have attracted increasing attention in the human and social sciences. This Special Issue contributes to the emerging body of studies on mobility and talk by inspecting an ordinary and ubiquitous phenomenon in which communication among mobile participants is paramount: participation in traffic. This editorial presents previous work on mobility in natural settings, as carried out by interactionally oriented researchers. It also shows how the investigation into traffic participation adds new perspectives to research on language and communication. ispartof: Language & Communication vol:65 pages:1-6 status: published

In this article we pursue a systematic and extensive study of overtaking in traffic as an interactional event. Our focus is on the accountable organisation and accom- plishment of overtaking by road users in real-world traffic situations. Data and anal- ysis are drawn from multiple research groups studying driving from an ethnometh- odological and conversation analytic perspective. Building on multimodal and se- quential analyses of video recordings of overtaking events, the article describes the shared practices which overtakers and overtaken parties use in displaying, recog- nising and coordinating their manoeuvres. It examines the three sequential phases of an overtaking event: preparation and projection; the overtaking proper; the re- alignment post-phase including retrospective accounts and assessments. We iden- tify how during each of these phases drivers and passengers organise intra-vehicle and inter-vehicle practices: driving and non-driving related talk between vehicle- occupants, the emerging spatiotemporal ecology of the road, and the driving actions of other road users. The data is derived from a two camera set-up recording the road ahead and car interior. The recordings are from three settings: daily commuting, driving lessons, race-car coaching. The events occur on a variety of road types (mo- torways, country roads, city streets, a race track, etc.), in six languages (English, Finnish, French, German, Italian, and Swedish) and in seven countries (Australia, Finland, France, Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, and the UK). From an exception- ally diverse collection of video data, the study of which is made possible thanks to the innovative collaboration of multiple researchers, the article exhibits the range of practical challenges and communicative skills involved in overtaking. ispartof: Gesprachsforschung : Online-Zeitschrift zur verbalen Interaktion vol:19 pages:1-131 status: Published online

Språkvetenskapen har traditionellt undersökt det verbala språket, dess lexikon och grammatik. Exempel som konstruerats eller hämtats från skrivna texter fick länge stå för språket. Senare har talat språk studerats i sekvenser av initiativ och responser, men ofta med fokus på språkliga handlingar. Multimodal interaktionsanalys har inte bara gjort oss medvetna om att sociala handlingar kan bestå av annat än språk, utan den visar också hur språkliga uttryck konstrueras i ett samspel med andra betydelseskapande element och att deras närvaro påverkar den språkliga formen. I det här kapitlet presenterar vi några exempel på hur språk, gester och artefakter är med om att skapa referens, hur kroppslig orientering kompletterar verbal handling och hur verbala och icke-verbala handlingar varvas med varandra i samtal. Språkvetenskapen har traditionellt undersökt det verbala språket, dess lexikon och grammatik. Exempel som konstruerats eller hämtats från skrivna texter fick länge stå för språket. Senare har talat språk studerats i sekvenser av initiativ och responser, men ofta med fokus på språkliga handlingar. Multimodal interaktionsanalys har inte bara gjort oss medvetna om att sociala handlingar kan bestå av annat än språk, utan den visar också hur språkliga uttryck konstrueras i ett samspel med andra betydelseskapande element och att deras närvaro påverkar den språkliga formen. I det här kapitlet presenterar vi några exempel på hur språk, gester och artefakter är med om att skapa referens, hur kroppslig orientering kompletterar verbal handling och hur verbala och icke-verbala handlingar varvas med varandra i samtal.