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1. Interspecies Transmission of Swine Influenza A Viruses and Human Seasonal Vaccine-Mediated Protection Investigated in Ferret Model

Author

van Diemen, Pauline M., Byrne, Alexander M.P., Ramsay, Andrew M., Watson, Samantha, Nunez, Alejandro, Moreno, Ana v., Chiapponi, Chiara, Foni, Emanuela, Brown, Ian H., Brookes, Sharon M., and Everett, Helen E.

Subjects
Vaccination -- Health aspects, Medical research -- Health aspects, Medicine, Experimental -- Health aspects, Swine influenza -- Health aspects, Influenza vaccines -- Health aspects, Infection -- Health aspects, Disease transmission -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) have pandemic potential and remain a threat to human and animal health, mainly owing to their intrinsic ability to continually diversify and infect a broad range [...]

Published
2023
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5. A multi-species, multi-pathogen avian viral disease outbreak event: Investigating potential for virus transmission at the wild bird - poultry interface

Author

Reid, Scott M., primary, Byrne, Alexander M. P., additional, Lean, Fabian Z. X., additional, Ross, Craig S., additional, Pascu, Andrei, additional, Hepple, Richard, additional, Dominguez, Maria, additional, Frost, Susanne, additional, Coward, Vivien J., additional, Núñez, Alejandro, additional, James, Joe, additional, Stephan, Levon, additional, Aegerter, James N., additional, Brown, Ian H., additional, and Banyard, Ashley C., additional

Published
2024
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6. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant (B.1.617.2) in Domestic Dogs and Zoo Tigers in England and Jersey during 2021

Author

Seekings, Amanda H., primary, Shipley, Rebecca, additional, Byrne, Alexander M. P., additional, Shukla, Shweta, additional, Golding, Megan, additional, Amaya-Cuesta, Joan, additional, Goharriz, Hooman, additional, Vitores, Ana Gómez, additional, Lean, Fabian Z. X., additional, James, Joe, additional, Núñez, Alejandro, additional, Breed, Alistair, additional, Frost, Andrew, additional, Balzer, Jörg, additional, Brown, Ian H., additional, Brookes, Sharon M., additional, and McElhinney, Lorraine M., additional

Published
2024
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9. Assessment of Survival Kinetics for Emergent Highly Pathogenic Clade 2.3.4.4 H5Nx Avian Influenza Viruses.

Author

Warren, Caroline J., Brookes, Sharon M., Arnold, Mark E., Irvine, Richard M., Hansen, Rowena D. E., Brown, Ian H., Banyard, Ashley C., and Slomka, Marek J.

Subjects
AVIAN influenza A virus, AVIAN influenza, LOW temperatures, POULTRY farms
Abstract

High pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) cause high morbidity and mortality in poultry species. HPAIV prevalence means high numbers of infected wild birds could lead to spill over events for farmed poultry. How these pathogens survive in the environment is important for disease maintenance and potential dissemination. We evaluated the temperature-associated survival kinetics for five clade 2.3.4.4 H5Nx HPAIVs (UK field strains between 2014 and 2021) incubated at up to three temperatures for up to ten weeks. The selected temperatures represented northern European winter (4 °C) and summer (20 °C); and a southern European summer temperature (30 °C). For each clade 2.3.4.4 HPAIV, the time in days to reduce the viral infectivity by 90% at temperature T was established (DT), showing that a lower incubation temperature prolonged virus survival (stability), where DT ranged from days to weeks. The fastest loss of viral infectivity was observed at 30 °C. Extrapolation of the graphical DT plots to the x-axis intercept provided the corresponding time to extinction for viral decay. Statistical tests of the difference between the DT values and extinction times of each clade 2.3.4.4 strain at each temperature indicated that the majority displayed different survival kinetics from the other strains at 4 °C and 20 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Encephalitis and Death in Wild Mammals at a Rehabilitation Center after Infection with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N8) Virus, United Kingdom

Author

Floyd, Tobias, Banyard, Ashley C., Lean, Fabian Z.X., Byrne, Alexander M.P., Fullick, Edward, Whittard, Elliot, Mollett, Benjamin C., Bexton, Steve, Swinson, Vanessa, Macrelli, Michele, Lewis, Nicola S., Reid, Scott M., Nunez, Alejandro, Duff, J. Paul, Hansen, Rowena, and Brown, Ian H.

Subjects
Avian influenza -- Statistics, Communicable diseases in animals -- Statistics, Encephalitis -- Statistics, Wildlife diseases -- Statistics, Health
Abstract

An episode of unusual disease resulting in deaths in different species at a wildlife rehabilitation center in the United Kingdom during late 2020 led to the retrospective detection of influenza [...]

Published
2021
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11. Detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in great skuas in Great Britain

Author

Banyard, Ashley C., primary, Lean, Fabian Z.X., additional, Robinson, Caroline, additional, Howie, Fiona, additional, Tyler, Glen, additional, Nisbet, Craig, additional, Seekings, James, additional, Meyer, Stephanie, additional, Whittard, Elliot, additional, Ashpitel, Henry F., additional, Bas, Mehmet, additional, Bryne, Alexander M.P., additional, Lewis, Tom, additional, James, Joe, additional, Stefan, Levon, additional, Brown, Ian H., additional, Hansen, Rowena D. E., additional, and Reid, Scott M., additional

Published
2024
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12. Genetic Analysis of H5N1 High-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus following a Mass Mortality Event in Wild Geese on the Solway Firth

Author

Ross, Craig S., primary, Byrne, Alexander M. P., additional, Mahmood, Sahar, additional, Thomas, Saumya, additional, Reid, Scott, additional, Freath, Lorna, additional, Griffin, Larry R., additional, Falchieri, Marco, additional, Holmes, Paul, additional, Goldsmith, Nick, additional, Shaw, Jessica M., additional, MacGugan, Alastair, additional, Aegerter, James, additional, Hansen, Rowena, additional, Brown, Ian H., additional, and Banyard, Ashley C., additional

Published
2024
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14. In vivo challenge studies on vaccinated chickens indicate a virus genotype mismatched vaccine still offers significant protection against NDV

Author

Mahmood, Sahar, primary, Skinner, Paul, additional, Warren, Caroline J., additional, Mayers, Jo, additional, James, Joe, additional, Núñez, Alejandro, additional, Lean, Fabian Z.X., additional, Brookes, Sharon M., additional, Brown, Ian H., additional, Banyard, Ashley C., additional, and Ross, Craig S., additional

Published
2023
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15. A Phylogeny-Based Global Nomenclature System and Automated Annotation Tool for H1 Hemagglutinin Genes from Swine Influenza A Viruses

Author

Anderson, Tavis K, Macken, Catherine A, Lewis, Nicola S, Scheuermann, Richard H, Van Reeth, Kristien, Brown, Ian H, Swenson, Sabrina L, Simon, Gaëlle, Saito, Takehiko, Berhane, Yohannes, Ciacci-Zanella, Janice, Pereda, Ariel, Davis, C Todd, Donis, Ruben O, Webby, Richard J, and Vincent, Amy L

Subjects
Microbiology, Biological Sciences, Pneumonia & Influenza, Immunization, Genetics, Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vaccine Related, Infection, H1N1, H1N2, influenza A virus, molecular epidemiology, nomenclature, swine, virus evolution
Abstract

The H1 subtype of influenza A viruses (IAVs) has been circulating in swine since the 1918 human influenza pandemic. Over time, and aided by further introductions from nonswine hosts, swine H1 viruses have diversified into three genetic lineages. Due to limited global data, these H1 lineages were named based on colloquial context, leading to a proliferation of inconsistent regional naming conventions. In this study, we propose rigorous phylogenetic criteria to establish a globally consistent nomenclature of swine H1 virus hemagglutinin (HA) evolution. These criteria applied to a data set of 7,070 H1 HA sequences led to 28 distinct clades as the basis for the nomenclature. We developed and implemented a web-accessible annotation tool that can assign these biologically informative categories to new sequence data. The annotation tool assigned the combined data set of 7,070 H1 sequences to the correct clade more than 99% of the time. Our analyses indicated that 87% of the swine H1 viruses from 2010 to the present had HAs that belonged to 7 contemporary cocirculating clades. Our nomenclature and web-accessible classification tool provide an accurate method for researchers, diagnosticians, and health officials to assign clade designations to HA sequences. The tool can be updated readily to track evolving nomenclature as new clades emerge, ensuring continued relevance. A common global nomenclature facilitates comparisons of IAVs infecting humans and pigs, within and between regions, and can provide insight into the diversity of swine H1 influenza virus and its impact on vaccine strain selection, diagnostic reagents, and test performance, thereby simplifying communication of such data. IMPORTANCE A fundamental goal in the biological sciences is the definition of groups of organisms based on evolutionary history and the naming of those groups. For influenza A viruses (IAVs) in swine, understanding the hemagglutinin (HA) genetic lineage of a circulating strain aids in vaccine antigen selection and allows for inferences about vaccine efficacy. Previous reporting of H1 virus HA in swine relied on colloquial names, frequently with incriminating and stigmatizing geographic toponyms, making comparisons between studies challenging. To overcome this, we developed an adaptable nomenclature using measurable criteria for historical and contemporary evolutionary patterns of H1 global swine IAVs. We also developed a web-accessible tool that classifies viruses according to this nomenclature. This classification system will aid agricultural production and pandemic preparedness through the identification of important changes in swine IAVs and provides terminology enabling discussion of swine IAVs in a common context among animal and human health initiatives.

Published
2016

16. Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 infection in skua and gulls in the United Kingdom, 2022.

Author

Lean, Fabian Z. X., Falchieri, Marco, Furman, Natalia, Tyler, Glen, Robinson, Caroline, Holmes, Paul, Reid, Scott M., Banyard, Ashley C., Brown, Ian H., Man, Catherine, and Núñez, Alejandro

Subjects
INFLUENZA A virus, H5N1 subtype, LARUS argentatus, AVIAN influenza A virus, GULLS, VIRAL antigens
Abstract

The reemergence of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1 in the United Kingdom in 2021–2022 has caused unprecedented epizootic events in wild birds and poultry. During the summer of 2022, there was a shift in virus transmission dynamics resulting in increased HPAIV infection in seabirds, and consequently, a profound impact on seabird populations. To understand the pathological impact of HPAIV in seabirds, we evaluated the virus antigen distribution and associated pathological changes in the tissues of great skua (Stercorarius skua, n = 8), long-tailed skua (Stercorarius longicaudus, n = 1), European herring gull (Larus argentatus, n = 5), and black-headed gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus, n = 4), which succumbed to natural infection of HPAIV during the summer of 2022. Cases were collected from Shetland, including Scatness (mainland), No Ness (mainland), Clumlie (mainland), Hermaness (island), Fair Isle (island), Noss (island), and the West Midlands, South East, and South West of England. Grossly, gizzard ulceration was observed in one great skua and pancreatic necrosis was observed in 4 herring gulls, with intralesional viral antigen detected subsequently. Microscopical analysis revealed neuro-, pneumo-, lymphoid-, and cardiomyotropism of HPAIV H5N1, with the most common virus-associated pathological changes being pancreatic and splenic necrosis. Examination of the reproductive tract of the great skua revealed HPAIV-associated oophoritis and salpingitis, and virus replication within the oviductal epithelium. The emergence of HPAIV in seabirds Stercorariidae and Laridae, particularly during summer 2022, has challenged the dogma of HPAIV dynamics, posing a significant threat to wild bird life with potential implications for the reproductive performance of seabirds of conservation importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. High pathogenicity avian influenza (H5N1) in Northern Gannets (Morus bassanus): Global spread, clinical signs and demographic consequences.

Author

Lane, Jude V., Jeglinski, Jana W.E., Avery‐Gomm, Stephanie, Ballstaedt, Elmar, Banyard, Ashley C., Barychka, Tatsiana, Brown, Ian H., Brugger, Brigitte, Burt, Tori V., Careen, Noah, Castenschiold, Johan H.F., Christensen‐Dalsgaard, Signe, Clifford, Shannon, Collins, Sydney M., Cunningham, Emma, Danielsen, Jóhannis, Daunt, Francis, D'entremont, Kyle J.N., Doiron, Parker, and Duffy, Steven

Subjects
AVIAN influenza, GANNETS, SYMPTOMS, COLONIAL birds, BIOLOGICAL weed control
Abstract

During 2021 and 2022 High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI) killed thousands of wild birds across Europe and North America, suggesting a change in infection dynamics and a shift to new hosts, including seabirds. Northern Gannets Morus bassanus appeared to be especially severely impacted, but a detailed account of the data available is required to help understand how the HPAI virus (HPAIV) spread across the meta‐population, and the ensuing demographic consequences. Accordingly, we analyse information on confirmed and suspected HPAIV outbreaks across most North Atlantic Gannet colonies and, for the largest colony (Bass Rock, UK), provide impacts on population size, breeding success, and preliminary results on apparent adult survival and serology. Unusually high numbers of dead Gannets were first noted at colonies in Iceland during April 2022. Outbreaks in May occurred in many Scottish colonies, followed by colonies in Canada, Germany and Norway. By the end of June, outbreaks had occurred in colonies in Canada and the English Channel. Outbreaks in 12 UK and Ireland colonies appeared to follow a clockwise pattern with the last infected colonies recorded in late August/September. Unusually high mortality was recorded at 40 colonies (75% of global total colonies). Dead birds testing positive for HPAIV H5N1 were associated with 58% of these colonies. At Bass Rock, the number of occupied nest‐sites decreased by at least 71%, breeding success declined by c. 66% compared with the long‐term UK mean and the resighting of marked individuals suggested that apparent adult survival between 2021 and 2022 could have been substantially lower than the preceding 10‐year average. Serological investigation detected antibodies specific to H5 in apparently healthy birds, indicating that some Gannets recover from HPAIV infection. Further, most of these recovered birds had black irises, suggestive of a phenotypic indicator of previous infection. Untangling the impacts of HPAIV infection from other challenges faced by seabirds is key to establishing effective conservation strategies for threatened seabird populations as the likelihood of further epizootics increases, due to increasing habitat loss and the industrialization of poultry production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Detection and spread of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus H5N1 in the Antarctic Region

Author

Bennison, Ashley, primary, Byrne, Alexander MP, additional, Reid, Scott M, additional, Lynton-Jenkins, Josh G, additional, Mollett, Benjamin, additional, De Sliva, Dilhani, additional, Peers-Dent, Jacob, additional, Finlayson, Kimberley E, additional, Hall, Rosamund, additional, Blockley, Freya, additional, Blyth, Marcia, additional, Falchieri, Marco, additional, Fowler, Zoe, additional, Fitzcharles, Elaine, additional, Brown, Ian H, additional, James, Joe, additional, and Banyard, Ashley C, additional

Published
2023
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19. Antigenic mapping of the hemagglutinin of the H9 subtype influenza A viruses using sera from Japanese quail ( Coturnix c. japonica )

Author

Carnaccini, Silvia, primary, Cáceres, C. Joaquín, additional, Gay, L. Claire, additional, Ferreri, Lucas M., additional, Skepner, Eugene, additional, Burke, David F., additional, Brown, Ian H., additional, Geiger, Ginger, additional, Obadan, Adebimpe, additional, Rajao, Daniela S., additional, Lewis, Nicola S., additional, and Perez, Daniel R., additional

Published
2023
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20. High pathogenicity avian influenza (H5N1) in Northern Gannets: Global spread, clinical signs, and demographic consequences

Author

Lane, Jude V., primary, Jeglinski, Jana W.E., additional, Avery‐Gomm, Stephanie, additional, Ballstaedt, Elmar, additional, Banyard, Ashley C., additional, Barychka, Tatsiana, additional, Brown, Ian H., additional, Brugger, Brigitte, additional, Burt, Tori V., additional, Careen, Noah, additional, Castenschiold, Johan H.F., additional, Christensen‐Dalsgaard, Signe, additional, Clifford, Shannon, additional, Collins, Sydney M., additional, Cunningham, Emma, additional, Danielsen, Jóhannis, additional, Daunt, Francis, additional, D'entremont, Kyle J.N., additional, Doiron, Parker, additional, Duffy, Steven, additional, English, Matthew D., additional, Falchieri, Marco, additional, Giacinti, Jolene, additional, Gjerset, Britt, additional, Granstad, Silje, additional, Grémillet, David, additional, Guillemette, Magella, additional, Hallgrímsson, Gunnar T., additional, Hamer, Keith C., additional, Hammer, Sjúrður, additional, Harrison, Katherine, additional, Hart, Justin D., additional, Hatsell, Ciaran, additional, Humpidge, Richard, additional, James, Joe, additional, Jenkinson, Audrey, additional, Jessopp, Mark, additional, Jones, Megan E.B., additional, Lair, Stéphane, additional, Lewis, Thomas, additional, Malinowska, Alexandra A., additional, McCluskie, Aly, additional, McPhail, Gretchen, additional, Moe, Børge, additional, Montevecchi, William A., additional, Morgan, Greg, additional, Nichol, Caroline, additional, Nisbet, Craig, additional, Olsen, Bergur, additional, Provencher, Jennifer, additional, Provost, Pascal, additional, Purdie, Alex, additional, Rail, Jean‐François, additional, Robertson, Greg, additional, Seyer, Yannick, additional, Sheddan, Maggie, additional, Soos, Catherine, additional, Stephens, Nia, additional, Strøm, Hallvard, additional, Svansson, Vilhjálmur, additional, Tierney, T. David, additional, Tyler, Glen, additional, Wade, Tom, additional, Wanless, Sarah, additional, Ward, Christopher R.E., additional, Wilhelm, Sabina I., additional, Wischnewski, Saskia, additional, Wright, Lucy J., additional, Zonfrillo, Bernie, additional, Matthiopoulos, Jason, additional, and Votier, Stephen C., additional

Published
2023
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25. Interspecies Transmission of Reassortant Swine Influenza A Virus Containing Genes from Swine Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H1N2) Viruses

Author

Everett, Helen E., Nash, Bethany, Londt, Brandon Z., Kelly, Michael D., Coward, Vivien, Nunez, Alejandro, van Diemen, Pauline M., Brown, Ian H., and Brookes, Sharon M.

Subjects
Disease transmission -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Swine influenza -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Genes -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Medical research -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Infection -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Influenza, Lectins, Diseases, Health
Abstract

The ability of swine to support replication of phylogenetically diverse influenza A virus (IAV) strains from avian and mammalian origin poses a public health risk because of the potential for [...]

Published
2020
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26. Recurring Trans-Atlantic Incursion of Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 Viruses by Long Distance Migratory Birds from Northern Europe to Canada in 2022/2023

Author

Alkie, Tamiru N., primary, Byrne, Alexander M. P., additional, Jones, Megan E. B., additional, Mollett, Benjamin C., additional, Bourque, Laura, additional, Lung, Oliver, additional, James, Joe, additional, Yason, Carmencita, additional, Banyard, Ashley C., additional, Sullivan, Daniel, additional, Signore, Anthony V., additional, Lang, Andrew S., additional, Baker, Meghan, additional, Dawe, Beverly, additional, Brown, Ian H., additional, and Berhane, Yohannes, additional

Published
2023
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27. Investigating the Genetic Diversity of H5 Avian Influenza Viruses in the United Kingdom from 2020–2022

Author

Byrne, Alexander M. P., primary, James, Joe, additional, Mollett, Benjamin C., additional, Meyer, Stephanie M., additional, Lewis, Thomas, additional, Czepiel, Magdalena, additional, Seekings, Amanda H., additional, Mahmood, Sahar, additional, Thomas, Saumya S., additional, Ross, Craig S., additional, Byrne, Dominic J. F., additional, McMenamy, Michael J., additional, Bailie, Valerie, additional, Lemon, Ken, additional, Hansen, Rowena D. E., additional, Falchieri, Marco, additional, Lewis, Nicola S., additional, Reid, Scott M., additional, Brown, Ian H., additional, and Banyard, Ashley C., additional

Published
2023
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28. Efficient and Informative Laboratory Testing for Rapid Confirmation of H5N1 (Clade 2.3.4.4) High-Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Outbreaks in the United Kingdom

Author

Slomka, Marek J., primary, Reid, Scott M., additional, Byrne, Alexander M. P., additional, Coward, Vivien J., additional, Seekings, James, additional, Cooper, Jayne L., additional, Peers-Dent, Jacob, additional, Agyeman-Dua, Eric, additional, de Silva, Dilhani, additional, Hansen, Rowena D. E., additional, Banyard, Ashley C., additional, and Brown, Ian H., additional

Published
2023
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29. Prevalence of Avian Influenza A(H5) and A(H9) Viruses in Live Bird Markets, Bangladesh

Author

Kim, Younjung, Biswas, Paritosh K., Giasuddin, Mohammad, Hasan, Mahmudul, Mahmud, Rashed, Chang, Yu-Mei, Essen, Steve, Samad, Mohammed A., Lewis, Nicola S., Brown, Ian H., Moyen, Natalie, Hoque, Ahasanul, Debnath, Nitish C., Pfeiffer, Dirk U., and Fournie, Guillaume

Subjects
Avian influenza -- Risk factors, Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) -- Research, Health
Abstract

Low pathogenicity avian influenza A(H9N2) virus and highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus are endemic in poultry populations in Bangladesh (1-4). In addition to their adverse effect on poultry production, [...]

Published
2018
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30. Comparison of 2016-17 and Previous Epizootics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 Guangdong Lineage in Europe

Author

Alarcon, Pablo, Brouwer, Adam, Venkatesh, Divya, Duncan, Daisy, Dovas, Chrysostomos I., Georgiades, George, Monne, Isabella, Fusaro, Alice, Dan, Adam, Smietanka, Krzysztof, Ragias, Vassilios, Breed, Andrew C., Chassalevris, Taxiarchis, Goujgoulova, Gabriela, Hjulsager, Charlotte Kristiane, Ryan, Eoin, Sanchez, Azucena, Niqueux, Eric, Tammiranta, Niina, Zohari, Siamak, Stroud, David A., Savic, Vladimir, Lewis, Nicola S., and Brown, Ian H.

Subjects
Avian influenza -- Risk factors -- Genetic aspects, Biodiversity -- Research, Phylogenetic trees -- Usage, Health
Abstract

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) is a zoonotic notifiable disease that can cause high mortality rates in most domestic poultry and in some wild bird species. Since 2003, HPAI H5 [...]

Published
2018
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32. Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) from the 2021/22 epizootic is highly duck adapted and poorly adapted to chickens

Author

James, Joe, primary, Billington, Elizabeth, additional, Warren, Caroline J., additional, De Sliva, Dilhani, additional, Di Genova, Cecilia, additional, Airey, Maisie, additional, Meyer, Stephanie M., additional, Lewis, Thomas, additional, Peers-Dent, Jacob, additional, Thomas, Saumya S., additional, Lofts, Abigail, additional, Furman, Natalia, additional, Nunez, Alejandro, additional, Slomka, Marek J., additional, Brown, Ian H., additional, and Banyard, Ashley C., additional

Published
2023
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33. High pathogenicity avian influenza (H5N1) in Northern Gannets: Global spread, clinical signs, and demographic consequences

Author

Lane, Jude V, primary, Jeglinski, Jana WE, additional, Avery-Gomm, Stephanie, additional, Ballstaedt, Elmar, additional, Banyard, Ashley C, additional, Barychka, Tatsiana, additional, Brown, Ian H, additional, Brugger, Brigitte, additional, Burt, Tori V, additional, Careen, Noah, additional, Castenschiold, Johan HF, additional, Christensen-Dalsgaard, Signe, additional, Clifford, Shannon, additional, Collins, Sydney M, additional, Cunningham, Emma, additional, Danielsen, Jóhannis, additional, Daunt, Francis, additional, d’Entremont, Kyle JN, additional, Doiron, Parker, additional, Duffy, Steven, additional, English, Matthew D, additional, Falchieri, Marco, additional, Giacinti, Jolene, additional, Gjerset, Britt, additional, Granstad, Silje, additional, Grémillet, David, additional, Guillemette, Magella, additional, Hallgrímsson, Gunnar T, additional, Hamer, Keith C, additional, Hammer, Sjúrður, additional, Harrison, Katherine, additional, Hart, Justin D, additional, Hatsell, Ciaran, additional, Humpidge, Richard, additional, James, Joe, additional, Jenkinson, Audrey, additional, Jessopp, Mark, additional, Jones, Megan EB, additional, Lair, Stéphane, additional, Lewis, Thomas, additional, Malinowska, Alexandra A, additional, McCluskie, Aly, additional, McPhail, Gretchen, additional, Moe, Børge, additional, Montevecchi, William A, additional, Morgan, Greg, additional, Nichol, Caroline, additional, Nisbet, Craig, additional, Olsen, Bergur, additional, Provencher, Jennifer, additional, Provost, Pascal, additional, Purdie, Alex, additional, Rail, Jean-François, additional, Robertson, Greg, additional, Seyer, Yannick, additional, Sheddan, Maggie, additional, Soos, Catherine, additional, Stephens, Nia, additional, Strøm, Hallvard, additional, Svansson, Vilhjálmur, additional, Tierney, T David, additional, Tyler, Glen, additional, Wade, Tom, additional, Wanless, Sarah, additional, Ward, Christopher RE, additional, Wilhelm, Sabina, additional, Wischnewski, Saskia, additional, Wright, Lucy J, additional, Zonfrillo, Bernie, additional, Matthiopoulos, Jason, additional, and Votier, Stephen C, additional

Published
2023
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36. Role for migratory wild birds in the global spread of avian influenza H5N8

Author

Lycett, Samantha J., Bodewes, Rogier, Pohlmann, Anne, Banks, Jill, Bányai, Krisztián, Boni, Maciej F., Bouwstra, Ruth, Breed, Andrew C., Brown, Ian H., Chen, Hualan, Dán, Ádám, DeLiberto, Thomas J., Diep, Nguyen, Gilbert, Marius, Hill, Sarah, Ip, Hon S., Ke, Chang Wen, Kida, Hiroshi, Killian, Mary Lea, Koopmans, Marion P., Kwon, Jung-Hoon, Lee, Dong-Hun, Lee, Youn Jeong, Lu Lu, Monne, Isabella, Pasick, John, Pybus, Oliver G., Rambaut, Andrew, Robinson, Timothy P., Sakoda, Yoshihiro, Zohari, Siamak, Song, Chang-Seon, Swayne, David E., Torchetti, Mia Kim, Tsai, Hsiang-Jung, Fouchier, Ron A. M., Beer, Martin, Woolhouse, Mark, and Kuiken, Thijs

Published
2016

40. In Vivo Challenge Studies on Vaccinated Chickens Indicate Virus Genotype Mismatch Does Not Contribute Significantly to Newcastle Disease Vaccination Failures

Author

Mahmood, Sahar, primary, Skinner, Paul, additional, Warren, Caroline, additional, Mayers, Jo, additional, James, Joe, additional, Nunez, Alejandro, additional, Lean, Fabian, additional, Brookes, Sharon M., additional, Brown, Ian H., additional, Banyard, Ashley, additional, and Ross, Craig S., additional

Published
2023
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41. Investigating the genetic diversity of H5 avian influenza in the UK 2020-2022

Author

Byrne, Alexander MP, primary, James, Joe, additional, Mollett, Benjamin C, additional, Meyer, Stephanie M, additional, Lewis, Thomas, additional, Czepiel, Magdalena, additional, Seekings, Amanda H, additional, Mahmood, Sahar, additional, Thomas, Saumya S, additional, Ross, Craig S, additional, Byrne, Dominic JF, additional, McMenamy, Michael J, additional, Bailie, Valerie, additional, Lemon, Ken, additional, Hansen, Rowena DE, additional, Falchieri, Marco, additional, Lewis, Nicola S, additional, Reid, Scott M, additional, Brown, Ian H, additional, and Banyard, Ashley C, additional

Published
2022
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43. Emergence of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b in Wild Birds and Poultry in Botswana

Author

Letsholo, Samantha L., primary, James, Joe, additional, Meyer, Stephanie M., additional, Byrne, Alexander M. P., additional, Reid, Scott M., additional, Settypalli, Tirumala B. K., additional, Datta, Sneha, additional, Oarabile, Letlhogile, additional, Kemolatlhe, Obakeng, additional, Pebe, Kgakgamatso T., additional, Mafonko, Bruce R., additional, Kgotlele, Tebogo J., additional, Kumile, Kago, additional, Modise, Boitumelo, additional, Thanda, Carter, additional, Nyange, John F. C., additional, Marobela-Raborokgwe, Chandapiwa, additional, Cattoli, Giovanni, additional, Lamien, Charles E., additional, Brown, Ian H., additional, Dundon, William G., additional, and Banyard, Ashley C., additional

Published
2022
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44. Comparative pathogenesis of two genotype VI.2 avian paramyxovirus type-1 viruses (APMV-1) in pheasants, partridges and chickens

Author

Ross, Craig S., primary, Sutton, David, additional, Skinner, Paul, additional, Mahmood, Sahar, additional, Wynne, Felicity, additional, Londt, Brandon, additional, Fuller, Chad M., additional, Mayers, Jo, additional, Nunez, Alejandro, additional, Hicks, Daniel J., additional, Brookes, Sharon M., additional, Banyard, Ashley C., additional, and Brown, Ian H., additional

Published
2022
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47. Epidemiological Risk Factors for Animal Influenza A Viruses Overcoming Species Barriers

Author

Harris, Kate A., Freidl, Gudrun S., Munoz, Olga S., von Dobschuetz, Sophie, De Nardi, Marco, Wieland, Barbara, Koopmans, Marion P. G., Stärk, Katharina D. C., van Reeth, Kristien, Dauphin, Gwen, Meijer, Adam, de Bruin, Erwin, Capua, Ilaria, Hill, Andy A., Kosmider, Rowena, Banks, Jill, Stevens, Kim, van der Werf, Sylvie, Enouf, Vincent, van der Meulen, Karen, Brown, Ian H., Alexander, Dennis J., Breed, Andrew C., and the FLURISK Consortium

Published
2017
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49. Has Epizootic Become Enzootic? Evidence for a Fundamental Change in the Infection Dynamics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Europe, 2021

Author

Pohlmann, Anne, primary, King, Jacqueline, additional, Fusaro, Alice, additional, Zecchin, Bianca, additional, Banyard, Ashley C., additional, Brown, Ian H., additional, Byrne, Alexander M. P., additional, Beerens, Nancy, additional, Liang, Yuan, additional, Heutink, Rene, additional, Harders, Frank, additional, James, Joe, additional, Reid, Scott M., additional, Hansen, Rowena D. E., additional, Lewis, Nicola S., additional, Hjulsager, Charlotte, additional, Larsen, Lars E., additional, Zohari, Siamak, additional, Anderson, Kristofer, additional, Bröjer, Caroline, additional, Nagy, Alexander, additional, Savič, Vladimir, additional, van Borm, Steven, additional, Steensels, Mieke, additional, Briand, Francois-Xavier, additional, Swieton, Edyta, additional, Smietanka, Krzysztof, additional, Grund, Christian, additional, Beer, Martin, additional, and Harder, Timm, additional

Published
2022
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50. Molecular detection of pigeon paramyxovirus type 1

Author

Reid, Scott M, primary, Brookes, Sharon M, additional, Coward, Vivien J, additional, Mynn, June K, additional, Cooper, Jayne L, additional, Agyeman‐Dua, Eric, additional, Skinner, Paul, additional, Ross, Craig, additional, Hansen, Rowena DE, additional, Brown, Ian H, additional, Mayers, Jo, additional, and Sutton, David A, additional

Published
2022
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