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26. DNA methylation is critical for Arabidopsis embryogenesis and seed viability

Author

Xiao, Wenyan, Custard, Kendra D., Brown, Roy C., Lemmon, Betty E., Harada, John J., Goldberg, Robert B., and Fischer, Robert L.

Subjects
Methylation -- Analysis, Arabidopsis thaliana -- Genetic aspects, Arabidopsis thaliana -- Environmental aspects, Plant genetics -- Analysis, DNA -- Analysis, Biological sciences, Science and technology
Published
2006

28. I3-Tubulin, microtubule arrays, and quadripolarity during sporogenesis in the hepatic Aneura pinguis (Metzgeriales)

Author

Brown, Roy C. and Lemmon, B. E.

Subjects
Meiosis -- Research, Microtubules -- Research, Cytoskeleton -- Research, Bryophytes -- Research, Bryophytes -- Physiological aspects, Science and technology
Abstract

Byline: Roy C. Brown (1), B. E. Lemmon (1) Keywords: Bryophyte; Cytoskeleton; Meiosis; Polarity Abstract: This is the first report on the organization of a quadripolar microtubule system (QMS) in polyplastidic meiosis of a hepatic with polar organizers (POs). Unlike the monoplastidic sporocytes of mosses and hornworts, in which meiotic quadripolarity can be traced to plastid division and migration, sporocytes of Aneura pinguis are polyplastidic and tetrahedrally lobed before the QMS is organized. Whereas the QMS in mosses and hornworts is plastid-based, the QMS of A. pinguis is focused at four POs where gamma tubulin (I3-tubulin) is concentrated. An aster of microtubules emanates from each PO centered in the four cytoplasmic lobes and the opposing radial microtubules interact to form the QMS that envelops the nucleus. A functionally bipolar spindle is gradually formed as the four poles converge in pairs on either side of opposite cleavage furrows. The resulting spindle remains quadripolar. Although I3-tubulin is most concentrated in the deeply concave poles straddling cleavage furrows, it also extends into the spindle itself. Telophase groups of chromosomes curve around the polar cleavage furrows and a phragmoplast that originates in the interzonal region guides a cell plate that extends to the equatorial cleavage furrows. Discrete POs are reformed at opposite tips of the elongated dyad nuclei in prophase II and microtubules radiating from them give rise to the spindles of second meiosis. Spindles remain sharply focused and I3-tubulin extends into distal portions of the spindle. Interzonal phragmoplasts that expand to join with pre-established cleavage furrows mediate cytokinesis resulting in a tetrad of spores. Each young tetrad member has a radial microtubule system emanating from the nucleus. Author Affiliation: (1) Department of Biology, University of Louisiana-Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504-2451, USA Article History: Registration Date: 27/07/2004 Received Date: 10/05/2004 Accepted Date: 21/07/2004 Online Date: 24/08/2004

Published
2004

29. [gamma]-tubulin in basal land plants: characterization, localization, and implication in the evolution of acentriolar microtubule organizing centers

Author

Shimamura, Masaki, Brown, Roy C., Lemmon, Betty E., Akashi, Tomohiro, Mizuno, Koichi, Nishihara, Masaki, Tomizawa, Ken-Ichi, Yoshimoto, Katsuhiko, Deguchi, Hironori, Hosoya, Hiroshi, Horio, Tetsuya, and Mineyuki, Yoshinobu

Subjects
Phanerogams -- Physiological aspects, Tubulins -- Research, Plants -- Development, Plants -- Research, Biological sciences, Science and technology
Published
2004

35. Contributors

Author

Abbott, D. Wade, primary, Aimanianda, Vishu Kumar, additional, Bacic, Antony, additional, Boraston, Alisdair B., additional, Brown, Gordon D., additional, Brown, Roy C., additional, Brownfield, Lynette, additional, Bulone, Vincent, additional, Clarke, Adrienne E., additional, Cerenius, Lage, additional, Clavaud, Cecile, additional, Doblin, Monika, additional, Epel, Bernard L., additional, Fincher, Geoffrey B., additional, Gidley, Michael J., additional, Granum, Espen, additional, Harris, Philip J., additional, Horst, Walter, additional, Hrmova, Maria, additional, Kawabata, Shun-ichiro, additional, Latgé, Jean-Paul, additional, Lemmon, Betty E., additional, Levy, Amit, additional, Myklestad, Sverre M., additional, Newbigin, Ed, additional, Nishinari, Katsuyoshi, additional, Nogami, Satoru, additional, Ohya, Yoshikazu, additional, Read, Steve, additional, Söderhäll, Kenneth, additional, Somerville, Shauna, additional, Stanisich, Vilma A., additional, Stass, Angelika, additional, Stone, Bruce A., additional, Voigt, Christian A., additional, and Williams, David L., additional

Published
2009
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43. Legal developments in marketing

Author

Axe, Franklin J., Cohen, Dorothy, Griffiths, L.C., Kirk-Duggan, Michael A., Brown, Roy C., Reid, Brad, Tower, C. Burk, and Werner, Ray O.

Subjects
Marketing -- Laws, regulations and rules, Advertising, marketing and public relations, Business
Abstract

Developments in the legal aspects of marketing practice are outlined. In terms of the regulation of monopolies, the US Department of Justice has indicated that antitrust enforcement in the banking industry should not be affected by industry problems. Collusion was also examined in the case between the computer software companies of Sega and Accolade, wherein provisions of the Copyright Act were examined. A summary of the Federal Trade Commission's activities in 1992 and its Ten-Year Review Plan is described. With regard to the regulation of distribution channels, advertising methods and intellectual property rights, cases involving US Healthcare, Healthsource, Inc Commodore Business Machines, Montgomery Grant Inc, Sierra Pacific Marketing, Clinique Laboratories, Microsoft and BEC Computer Co are presented.

Published
1993

44. Legal developments in marketing

Author

Werner, Ray O., Axe, Franklin J., Cohen, Dorothy, Griffiths, L.C., Kirk-Duggan, Michael A., Brown, Roy C., Reid, Brad, and Tower, C. Burke

Subjects
Marketing -- Laws, regulations and rules, Advertising, marketing and public relations, Business
Abstract

Recent developments in marketing legislation and judicial verdicts are reported. These include the issuance of the Horizontal Merger Guidelines by the US Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), and the presentation of FTC Commissioner Deborah K. Owen's views on environmental claims. The proceedings and resolution of several cases regarding collusion, market exclusion, price discrimination and the regulation of advertising and the channels of distribution are also presented. These include Levi Case versus ATS Products, Inc; Eastman Kodak versus Image Technical Services; Liggett Group Inc versus Brown and Williamson Tobbacco Corp; Systemcare Inc versus Wang Laboratories Inc et al; and the FTC versus Pacific Medical Clinics Management Inc et al.

Published
1993

45. Legal developments in marketing

Author

Werner, Ray O., Axe, Franklin J., Cohen, Dorothy, Griffiths, L.C., Kirk-Duggan, Michael A., Brown, Roy C., Reid, Brad, and Tower, C. Burke

Subjects
Marketing -- Laws, regulations and rules, Monopolistic competition -- Laws, regulations and rules, Products liability -- Laws, regulations and rules, Price control -- Laws, regulations and rules, Distribution channels -- Laws, regulations and rules, Advertising, marketing and public relations, Business
Abstract

Legal guidelines and case verdicts involving marketing functions are outlined and presented. Horizontal merger guidelines from, studies by and cases involving the Department of Justice and Federal Trade Commission are taken up under the regulation of monopolistic methods. Cases involving the regulation of product credit terms and conditions of sale are explicated. Price discrimination, price control and the regulation of marketing firms' operating features, buyer and seller relations and advertising and promotion are also considered in turn. Finally, the report of the General Accounting Office on the performance of the Antitrust Division from 1986 to 1990 is presented.

Published
1992

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