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The interrelationships between system components are critical to improving the performance of a complex supply chain system. Thus, any improvement or development can be carried out systemically and comprehensively. The complexity of coordination grows as the number of echelons in a supply chain increases. In practice, coordination becomes more difficult to implement in a supply chain with more echelons. Through demand information sharing, this research attempts to figure out how coordination can have implications for complex multi-echelon supply chains with a modeling approach. The Aggregate Andesite Stone Supply Chain is used as an empirical model with four echelons. Changes in dimensions and values per ton of product in each echelon displacement add complexity. Total holding cost is not the only consideration. The timely completion of projects downstream is also a priority. So the system's behavior that runs and changes over time also needs to be observed. To accommodate this complexity, a system dynamics modeling approach is used. This modeling technique could capture fluctuations in volatile conditions that change in time sequences. The pattern of model behavior shows that demand information sharing in the andesite aggregate supply chain is faint, and the "bullwhip effect" occurs. The demand information sharing can eliminate this effect, reduce up to 73.5 % of total supply chain holding costs, and increase the percentage of project completion on time downstream of the supply chain. These results provide a scientific and practical understanding that although there are many obstacles, demand information sharing can significantly improve performance in multi-echelon complex supply chains and be worthwhile applied, Взаємозв’язки між компонентами системи мають вирішальне значення для покращення продуктивності складної системи ланцюга поставок. Таким чином, будь-яке вдосконалення або розвиток може здійснюватися системно і комплексно. Складність координації зростає зі збільшенням кількості ешелонів у ланцюзі поставок. На практиці координацію стає важче реалізувати в ланцюзі постачання з більшою кількістю ешелонів. Завдяки обміну інформацією про попит це дослідження намагається з’ясувати, як координація може мати наслідки для складних багаторівневих ланцюгів постачання за допомогою підходу моделювання. Ланцюг постачання андезитового каменю агрегату використовується як емпірична модель із чотирма ешелонами. Зміни в розмірах і вартості на тонну продукту в кожному ешелоні переміщення додають складності. Загальна вартість утримання не є єдиним фактором. Своєчасне завершення проектів, нижчих за ієрархією, також є пріоритетом. Тому також потрібно спостерігати за поведінкою системи, яка працює та змінюється з часом. Щоб подолати цю складність, використовується підхід моделювання системної динаміки. Ця техніка моделювання може фіксувати коливання нестабільних умов, які змінюються в часових послідовностях. Зразок поведінки моделі показує, що обмін інформацією про попит у ланцюзі постачання андезитового заповнювача слабкий, і виникає «ефект бичого батога». Обмін інформацією про попит може усунути цей ефект, скоротити до 73,5 % загальних витрат на утримання ланцюга поставок і збільшити відсоток завершення проекту вчасно на нижній частині ланцюга поставок. Ці результати дають наукове та практичне розуміння того, що, незважаючи на наявність багатьох перешкод, обмін інформацією про попит може значно підвищити продуктивність у багаторівневих складних ланцюгах поставок і бути корисним для застосування

Salt is a strategic commodity that needs to be maintained. The salt problem has not resolved, so it is necessary to find the right solution for salt development. The study was carried out in Sampang Regency as a salt-producing area which was proposed for salt approval and formulated a policy for salt development. The research method used is the DPSIR method (Driving Power /; Pressure; State; Impact; Response). The main problems with developing salt are the impartiality of local salt prices, the supply chain system, changes in pond function, climate uncertainty, and inadequate infrastructure. Efforts must be made to develop salt are the modernization of the production process, controlled of salt price regulations, market search, improvement of human resources and structuring of supporting facilities for salt production should be carried out.

To reduce dwelling time, special steps are needed regarding the handling speed of containers, stacking rates in container yards and management of important container documents. In 2016, the Banjarmasin Container Port (BCP) operator expanded the Container Yard area because it was considered as a step to overcome the overload in the CY area. This is proven to reduce density the following year. But along with the increasing flow of containers coming out and entering through the BCP, there could be an increase in the density of container flows. This study aims to re-evaluate and give consideration to the effect of container stacking rates on utilities and the smooth flow of goods at container Ports where new container stacking rates are beneficial for both parties (BCP operators and customers). The approach used in this study are game theory and system dynamics. System dynamics have characteristics with problems in container ports that are interrelated between one entity and another entity that has its own complexity. Game theory will give consideration to strategies that will benefit both parties if new rates are set. Based on the results, the optimal tariff is 50% (IDR 21,630) and the response decreases dwelling time for 6 days. The new tariff setting has an impact on increasing loading speed 22.09 B/C/H and unloading speed of 23.95 B/C/H. In addition, it also reduced revenue from temporary storage activities by 35.51%. While from the customer side with a 6 days response can save savings costs by 30.5%. This will help port management to make the right decision.

Kota Surabaya merupakan kota dengan pengelolaan sampah perkotaan terbaik di Indonesia. Meskipun begitu, jumlah sampah Surabaya terus meningkat setiap tahunnya dan lebih dari 50% dari total sampah yang dihasilkan berakhir di Tempat Pembuangan Sampah Surabaya (TPS). Pengembangan kebijakan pengelolaan sampah diperlukan dalam rangka mengurangi jumlah produksi sampah, penumpukan sampah di TPS dan intensitas pengangkutan sampah ke fasilitas pengolahan akhir sampah. Selain itu, kebijakan pengelolaan sampah diharapkan dapat meningkatkan jumlah pendapatan dari pengelolaan sampah, mengurangi kebutuhan biaya, dan meningkatkan penyerapan pekerja pengelolaan sampah sehingga berkelanjutan di masa depan. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pemodelan dengan Metodologi Sistem Dinamik untuk memodelkan proses pembentukan sampah Surabaya, fasilitas TPS, dan merumuskan kebijakan pengelolaan sampah yang dapat meningkatkan jumlah sampah terolah dan mengurangi jumlah produksi sampah, serta dapat berkelanjutan di masa depan. Perumusan kebijakan dilakukan dengan memperhatikan detail keterkaitan antar variabel sistem pengelolaan sampah. Terdapat tiga skenario yang diusulkan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skenario pengembangan fasilitas bank sampah sebesar 1.200 ton memberikan dampak paling signifikan dibandingkan dengan kondisi eksisting, yang ditinjau dalam hal jumlah timbunan sampah, jumlah sampah menjadi bahan baku dan sumber energi, dan peningkatan penyerapan pekerja.

In a slow sand filter, a biological layer consisting of alluvial mud and various types of microorganisms grows and attaches to the sand media and forms a matrix called schmutzdecke. Changes to several factors, including the quality of raw water, filtration speed, and the addition of media, affect the performance of the slow sand filter unit in producing treated water. Geotextiles can be equipped to improve the performance of a slow sand filter in removing pollutants. The selection of several factors that affect slow sand filter performance can be used as a starting point for the engineering system to determine the best pattern of performance behavior. This approach was carried out by looking at the dynamic behavior patterns of slow sand filter system performance in treating raw water. This research has not yet been conducted extensively. The dynamic behavior pattern approach to the performance of the slow sand filter unit was used to obtain the behavior model for the schmutzdecke layer on the filter. The system dynamic approach focused on treatment scenarios that can determine the behavior of the slow sand filter system. Several factors were assessed, including temperature, turbidity, nutrient concentration, algal concentration, bacteria and dissolved oxygen. Model simulation results show that the comparison of C: N: P values affected the performance of the schmutzdecke layer in removing total coli. The slow sand filter unit was capable of producing treated water with a total amount of coli equal to 0 on the C: N: P values of 85: 5.59: 1.25, respectively, and a 9 cm geotextile thickness.

Every single country of this world wants to enlarge and optimize their territory. It causes every single country get competition to strengthen their country. In the other side they want some comfort condition, the condition is free from anxiety and the ability to predict threats, is a situation esired by all citizens. Not yet optimal in countermeasures and predicting the direction of the threat. The need for innovation in the method of determination according to the current state. Research based on the Decision Support System (DSS) trying will provide a solution in determining the predictor of the threat state. Using the Profile Matching method researchers try to map the profiles of countries located in the region. Providing problem solving by modifying the Profile Matching method is to start with delphi method in obtaining the determining criteria of research and weighting it with Borda technique. The criteria and weighting as the constituent criteria of the threat predictor country's strength profile, followed by the role so that the names of the threat predictor countries in Southeast Asia are obtained. The determination of the predictor state will facilitate in countermeasures or deal with it as well as provide actual information of where the threat comes from and the disertor criteria where the country can be weakened by Indonesia. Keywords: Strategic Position, threat, Southeast Asia Country, Profile Matching, Borda Method.

One of the Main Duties of the Indonesian Navy (TNI AL) is to enforce the law and maintain security in the marine area of ​​national jurisdiction in accordance with the provisions of national law and international law which are then manifested in Marine Security Operations (Opskamla) The Indonesian Navy Base is one of the Opskamla components. which functions to project the strength of the Indonesian Navy to the area of ​​operation and provide ongoing administrative and logistical support to ensure the operational continuity of the elements of the Navy, carry out capacity building and conduct limited maritime security operations in the context of enforcing sovereignty and law at sea and carrying out coordination, regulation base defense. In the alternative selection of the Indonesian Navy Base in the Koarmada II work area, this study uses a combination of AHP and Topsis methods, the hierarchical structure modeling in the AHP method is influenced by the criteria and sub criteria, while for Topsis it is used as a ranking of the best alternative TNI AL bases as the initial position for Operation activities Marine Security The results obtained from the alternative weighting of the Indonesian Navy bases in sequence are the Banjarmasin Navy Base with a weight value of 0.959 more priority to be selected as a base for handling criminal offenses at sea, then the Nunukan Navy Base weight value 0.643 Palu weight value 0.589, Kendari weight value 0.333 Sangata has a weight value of 0.301, Kota Baru has a weight value of 0.265 and finally Toli-Toli has a weight value of 0.237. Keywords : Opskamla, Naval Base, Selection of bases, Indonesian Archipelago Sea Lanes (ALKI II), Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Topsis.

Indonesia as archipelagic country, needs strong maritime sector security. The Indonesian Navy in Law Number 34 Year 2004 has been given the mandate to safeguard the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia. The Armada II Command as Kotamaops annually carries out Military Operations Other Than War (OMSP) which is carried out under the command of Guspurla and Guskamla. Intelligence information regarding the estimated threat / contingency that will occur is very influential on decision makers in operational planning. With the contingency provided by the intelligence staff, it is necessary to have an appropriate marine operation modeling. In a multi-operation operation, it is necessary to have a supporting attribute, that is, a base ship. The purpose of this study is to formulate an operation modeling using the selection of a headquarter ship which is preceded by the determination of contingency priorities. This study uses MCDM which consists of MCDA and MCDO which uses the integration of the Delphi method, AHP, Fuzzy weighting, Goal programming and linear Integer-Zero one programming. Based on the processing of Delphi and AHP, in determining the threat of OMSP, it is influenced by the number / intensity of incidents of 20.4%; impact of Ipoleksosbudhankam 29.4%, Capabiity 38.2% and involvement factor of 12.1% where national jurisdiction marine security operations are selected as the first priority. Meanwhile, in the selection of the headquarters ship which functions to coordinate the KRI in carrying out sector patrols, using the FWH and IGP, the KRI was chosen as the Sigma class to be the headquarters ship. This modeling uses 22 of the 24 KRI that have been allocated by obtaining an increase in the optimization of the coverage area and fuel savings.. Keywords: OMSP, MCDM, Contigency, headquarters warship and Maritime Security Operations

Repair and Maintenance facility Jakarta is supporting facility component of Indonesian Naval Fleet which has duties to maintain and repair the ships that location is very strategics in Naval Base I. This is as KRI berth and technical condition preparation before doing the operation. The purpose of this research is to determine alternative strategy and roadmap for developing Fasharkan Jakarta with using TOWS analysis (Treaths Opportunities Weaknesses Strength) and ISM (Interpretative Structural Modeling). According to result of TOWS matrix analysis, SO strategy is consisting of eight strategic, four strategic for ST, nine strategic for WO, and four strategic for WT. Based on Weighting by using EFAS and IFAS matrix, WO strategy is as the choosen strategy, as the result WO strategy is become the first alternative. According to the elements clarification results for WO strategy, it gets five levels hierarchy. In this hyrarcy structure can be known that WO8 and WO9 sub strategies are in the level five position, then WO7 sub strategy in the level four strategy. Besides, in the level III is consist of WO5, in the level II is sub strategy WO1, WO3, WO6 and in the level I there are WO2 and WO4 sub strategies. Keywords: Repair and Maintenance Facility Jakarta, Developing Strategic, TOWS and ISM.

Uncertain global dynamics is one of the main factors influencing the successful achievement of goals and interests in the field of national defense. This reflects how important it is for stakeholders in the defense sector, to understand the dynamics of the strategic environment which presents a series of opportunities, obstacles to threats to the existence of the Republic of Indonesia, which in the end will obtain strategic steps to overcome them. The Indonesian Navy is strongly influenced by several components, such as the strength structure, the level of readiness, the level of sophistication or technological sophistication and the operational durability of its Alutsista. The synergy of the four components of strength is very much determined by the country's ability to build and maintain the ability of the defense equipment. Currently, Arsenal does not have a regional warehouse and there is only one central warehouse in Surabaya. The wide working area of ​​Koarmada II, of course, requires a large number of KRI elements. Arsenal really need regional warehouses in order to be able to increase KRI's operational support in the Koarmada II working area. This is necessary considering that the operation at sea requires a very high presence of KRI. So that if there is a need for ammunition supplies, the process of supplying them can be carried out quickly. This research uses the Fuzzy Multi Criteria Decision Making (FMCDM) method. Overall, the results obtained from this study, it can be concluded that the best location from the alternative location is in the Koarmada II area, namely Lantamal Manado with the highest value of 0. Keywords: Determination of Location, Fuzzy Multi Criteria Decision Making (FMCDM).

In addition to producing palm oil (CPO) and Palm kernel Oil (PKO), palm oil agroindustry also produces quite a lot of biomass solid waste residues. One of them is empty fruit bunches (EFB) which have not been optimally utilized and accumulated in the area around the factory location. Currently, the conventional EFB utilization has only been limited to mulch material and fertilizers used in oil palm plantations. This biomass material has enormous potential in producing renewable energy, chemical products, etc. Cumulatively, the product has high added value. Considering that the volume of EFB has the largest proportion in oil palm plantation waste, which is reaching (20-23%) of fresh fruit (FFB), it is necessary to study the availability of EFB in supplying raw materials for bioenergy products. In this study, data collection and retrieval are taken from palm oil companies in Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan. The problems that have so far been unknown are the potential availability of raw materials in maintaining the fulfilment of the need to produce bioenergy sustainably. Therefore, this study is intended to predict the needs and amount of raw material supply. The System Dynamic Methodology is used as a tool in predicting the availability and long term needs of raw materials and creating scenarios in the face of limitations in the availability of sustainable raw materials. The model is built on three main sub-models, namely the plantation area, the biomass availability, and the conventional utilization sub-model. The study show that an increase in harvested area will certainly be followed by additional FFB harvests and the resulting waste stock including the solid waste of palm oil empty bunches. The rate of empty bunches will decrease along with the crop productivity which also decreases according to the plant age. The scenario proposed to adjust the condition of raw materials is replanting. Planting of new plants will be carried out from the 19th year of the simulation, at the age of 23 years, which is expected to be harvested in the 22 simulation years. The second scenario is the utilization of another biomass as a source of the biomass. Besides EFB, there are other biomass which have the potential to be used as bioenergy, namely frond. By combining some of the biomass, greater availability of biomass will be obtained. The scenario of combining with other biomass is the most suitable (frond biomass) because of its similar characteristics to EFB and the stability of its availability.

Tourism is one of the most important sectors that drive the national economic growth. There is a lot of research conducted on sustainable tourism. Furthermore, previous studies on tourism have been done by many researchers, yet there is no research that reviews the literature about the five key pillars of sustainable tourism development with three aspects of sustainable tourism, namely social-culture, economy, and environment. This research was conducted with the aim to review and map previous studies related to sustainable tourism and the key pillars of its development. With the mapping in descriptive statistical analysis, it is expected that the findings will provide information and fill the unfilled research gap as well as to suggest academic contribution to identifying the key pillars in developing sustainable tourism. Considering the large number of studies on sustainable tourism, this study focused on the five key pillars of sustainable tourism development, namely tourism attraction, accessibility, amenity, ancillary, and community involvement as well as the three sustainability aspects. Research mapping was done by classifying previous studies based on the five key pillars. The finding shows that there is a need to develop the model of all key pillars to support sustainable tourism. The model which is going to be developed can be based on simulation approach, such system dynamics model.

Berth as infrastructure in the port have an important role in the operation of container terminals. The performance of terminal to serve the customers is determined by availability of berth and facilities to support of container terminal activities. In the last decade, several research related of these issues had been conducted particularly in the berth allocation problem. Most of the researchers had developed the model base on deterministic assumptions whereas models which are considering variability as uncertainty still rarely. Variability of ship arrival time and handling time are causes the difference between the schedule planned and actual berthing time. These difference reduce berth productivity due loading and unloading time could not predictable. This situation will influence to operational cost for shipping lines and terminal operators. This paper develop a conceptual model of ship-to-berth allocation considering variability of ship arrival and service time. Collaborative strategies is considered as an scenario through asset sharing and joint planning and operation. The objective to develop model are reducing total handling time and improve resources utility such as berth, quay crane, and container yard simultaneously.

Oil and gas industry is a sector that has a vital strategic role on national development. East Java is one of the province in Java that has an enourmous potential on oil and gas and has not been optimally explored. Industrial cluster is an industrial development concept that comphrehensively organize the relationship and behaviour of stakeholder in industry so that they can co-operate to increase the competitiveness of the industry. The increasing of industrial competitiveness is supported by completeness and contribution of each industry in oil and gas industial cluster in each java by identifying the behaviour of stakeholder and system in this sector which is described in stakeholder model and value chain model. In this research, lubricant industrial cluster is used as an embryo for developing oil and gas industrial cluster. The complexity of the system in terms of system behaviour will be presented in a dynamic system model, which will make it possible to identify the influence between each variables.The Porter’s Diamond model is adapted to model the behaviour of the competitiveness. The result of this research showed that in increasing the industrial cluster competitiveness some variables are significantly influencing then the others.

Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) gives an overview of economic development performance in over time. The GRDP value in East Java province is increasing in every year, but this value cannot reduce unemployment rate. The existing of economic development condition is not able to absorb the large number of unemployment where the number of work force is also increasing in the period of time. These phenomena will influence social and economic problems in a region. Investment is one of ways that could be used in order to increase the field of business and reduce the unemployment rate. In this paper, describes the industrial development in food and beverage industries subsector in East Java. By using system dynamic approach, it will construct the change of business investment related to labor absorption in East Java which is affected by economic and climate change of industrial business factors. This research will consider several policy scenarios that have been taken by government such as changes in the proportion of infrastructure funds, the proportion of aid investment by government and licensing index. This scenario could reach the main objective of the system.

One of the environmental damages in Indonesia is Sidoarjo mudflow disaster causing impact significantly in various sectors. These problems of course could lead to instability for the local social dynamics and the environment as well as the global economy. Cultivating mangrove vegetation is one of the answers to overcome these problems, especially to neutralize the hazardous waste contained in the mud and definitely to rebuild the green zone in the observed area. It is necessary to conduct a research on mangrove cultivation policy in Sidoarjo mudflow area in order to support green economy concept giving benefits to the economy, environment and society. Considering several numbers of variable which have complex and causal relationships in mangrove cultivation policy in line with green economy concept, and also the developing pattern of line with the changing time make the problem to be solved appropriately with system dynamics approach which is able to analyze and assess the mangrove cultivation policy in accordance with the principles of green economy concept. Therefore, by modeling the policy of mangrove cultivation based on the concept of green economy is expected to be able to reduce carbon emissions and to create a new ecosystem that could be used by communities to give added value and selling for Sidoarjo mudflow area.