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Qinghai Tibet Plateau, known as ‘Roof of the World’, is the highest and largest plateau on Earth, with an average elevation of 4900 m and spanning nearly two-thirds the size of the European continent. The energy consumption characteristics of public sanitation service buildings in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau are significantly different from traditional public buildings. It has unique advantages that allow these facilities to use the local enriched solar energy resources to meet the energy demand. This study proposes eight potential solar energy system schemes to obtain a suitable solar energy supply system and design an optimization method for public sanitation service buildings. The optimization models aimed at the life cycle cost for each solar energy system are established, and the equipment capacity in the system is optimized and simulated. Firstly, the optimized life cycle cost and equipment capacity of different solar energy system are compared and analyzed. Then, the short-term dynamic operation performance and the system's energy conservation, economic and CO2 emission reduction performance are comprehensively analyzed. Finally, the sensitivities of economic parameters and equipment price to the system optimization results are analyzed. The results indicate that the life cycle cost of the integrated solar hot water and heat storage system is 43% lower than that of the standalone solar hot air heat supply system and the standalone photovoltaic system. An optimized integrated system consisting of photovoltaic, photothermal, thermal storage, and power storage has the best comprehensive performance. The annual energy saving ratio of the integrated system is ∼85%, and the life cycle cost saving rate is about 50%. In addition, the sensitivity analysis shows that the electricity price is the most significant factor for life cycle cost compared to the annual interest and inflation rates. The price of a solar collector and air source heat pump have the most significant impact on the life cycle cost optimization results of a photovoltaic-photothermal-thermal and power storage integrated system.

Criteria are presented for implementation in the design and construction of school buildings and facilities so as to obviate hazards to individuals with physical disabilities. Accommodations for the physically handicapped are considered for the following--(1) public walks, (2) parking lots, (3) ramps with gradients and handrails, (4) entrances, (5) elevators or ramps for multiple story buildings, (6) doors and doorways, (7) stairs and handrails, (8) toilet rooms and facilities, (9) water fountains, and (10) floors. (FS)

The physical and mechanical properties of concrete designed to a C40 mix using 6.5 mm and 10.0 mm aggregate from Montenegro and Malta respectively were investigated. Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and compressive strength (CS) tests corroborated findings in the literature. The coarseness of aggregate was found to be of primary technological importance: CS increased with increasing aggregate size. Although UPV in all the tests was between 3.5 km/s and 4.5 km/s – that is the concrete quality was of good grade – the CS of the control cubes for the 6.5mm and 10.0mm coarse aggregate mixtures was 27 N/mm2 and 39 N/mm2 respectively. The homogeneity of the concrete was affected by the physical and mechanical properties of the aggregate, including its size, but its petrological texture was also a significant parameter. The petrological characteristics of the aggregate severely affected the load- bearing capacity of the concrete. These characteristics had a significant bearing on the physico-mechanical properties of the hardened concrete., peer-reviewed

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A4 size Historic Building Recording Report including photographs and history.

Software users will be able to test their software to assure themselves that it is consistent with published CIBSE methods and practices. The tests will enable software users to carry out a range of basic checks on the software they use, and to demonstrate that they have undertaken basic initial validation of the software to quality assurance and professional indemnity insurance practitioners. This set of simple tests is intended to develop a culture of software testing and validation to the industry.