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1. Targeted search for actinomycetes from nearshore and deep‐sea marine sediments

Author

Prieto‐Davó, Alejandra, Villarreal‐Gómez, Luis J, Forschner‐Dancause, Stephanie, Bull, Alan T, Stach, James EM, Smith, David C, Rowley, Dave C, and Jensen, Paul R

Subjects
Microbiology, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Life Below Water, Actinobacteria, Base Sequence, Geologic Sediments, Micromonosporaceae, Pacific Ocean, Phylogeny, Streptomycetaceae, marine-derived actinomycetes, Salinispora, marine microbial ecology, cultivation independent, Environmental Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract

Sediment samples collected off the coast of San Diego were analyzed for actinomycete diversity using culture-independent techniques. Eight new operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the Streptomycetaceae were identified as well as new diversity within previously cultured marine OTUs. Sequences belonging to the marine actinomycete genus Salinispora were also detected, despite the fact that this genus has only been reported from more tropical environments. Independent analyses of marine sediments from the Canary Basin (3814 m) and the South Pacific Gyre (5126 and 5699 m) also revealed Salinispora sequences providing further support for the occurrence of this genus in deep-sea sediments. Efforts to culture Salinispora spp. from these samples have yet to be successful. This is the first report of Salinispora spp. from marine sediments > 1100 m and suggests that the distribution of this genus is broader than previously believed.

Published
2013

25. Preface

Author

Bull, Alan T., Andrews, Barbara A., Dorador, Cristina, and Goodfellow, Michael

Published
2018
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41. Erratum

Author

Bull, Alan T., Stach, James E. M., Ward, Alan C., and Goodfellow, Michael

Published
2005
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48. Characterization of a soil-derived bacterial consortium degrading 4-chloroaniline

Author

Radianingtyas, Helia, Robinson, Gary K., and Bull, Alan T.

Subjects
Aniline -- Physiological aspects, Bacterial proteins -- Genetic aspects, Bacterial proteins -- Physiological aspects, Biodegradation -- Genetic aspects, Biodegradation -- Physiological aspects, Carbon -- Physiological aspects, Chlorine -- Physiological aspects, Microbiology -- Research, Pseudomonas -- Genetic aspects, Pseudomonas -- Physiological aspects, Soil microbiology -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

A bacterial consortium comprising four different species was isolated from an Indonesian agricultural soil using a mixture of aniline and 4-chloroaniline (4CA) as principal carbon sources. The four species were identified as Chryseobacterium indologenes SB1, Comamonas testosteroni SB2, Pseudomonas corrugata SB4 and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SB5. Growth studies on aniline and 4CA as single and mixed substrates demonstrated that the bacteria preferred to grow on and utilize aniline rather than 4CA, although both compounds were eventually depleted from the culture supernatant. However, despite 100% disappearance of the parent substrates, the degradation of 4CA was always characterized by incomplete dechlorination and 4-chlorocatechol accumulation. This result suggests that further degradation of 4-chlorocatechol may be the rate-limiting step in the metabolism of 4CA by the bacterial consortium. HPLC-UV analysis showed that 4-chlorocatechol was further degraded via an ortho-cleavage pathway by the bacterial consortium. This hypothesis was supported by the results from enzyme assays of the crude cell extract of the consortium revealing catechol 1,2-dioxygenase activity which converted catechol and 4-chlorocatechol to cis, cis-muconic acid and 3-chloro-cis, cis-muconic acid respectively. However, the enzyme had a much higher conversion rate for catechol [156 U [(g protein).sup.-1]] than for 4-chlorocatechol [17.2 U (g protein).sup.-1], indicating preference for non-chlorinated substrates. Members of the bacterial consortium were also characterized individually. All isolates were able to assimilate aniline. P. corrugata SB4 was able to grow on 4CA solely, while S. maltophilia SB5 was able to grow on 4-chlorocatechol. These results suggest that the degradation of 4CA in the presence of aniline by the bacterial consortium was a result of interspecies interactions.

Published
2003

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