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Objectives/Hypothesis: Laryngeal chondrosarcoma (LC) is a rare, slowly growing malignancy. The preferred treatment is laryngeal preservation surgery (LPS). Some patients may require multiple interventions or total laryngectomy (TL). We investigated risk factors for retreatment and TL, and assessed the impact of LPS on oncological and functional outcomes. Study Design: Case series Methods: We searched our institution database for LC. Tumor grading, localization, and margin status were tested as predictors of recurrence and organ preservation. Results: We included 21 patients (seven females, mean age 58 ± 12 years). LPS was applied in 20 (95.2%) of them as a primary procedure. Six patients were treated by transoral approach and 14 received "open‐neck" LPS. Fifteen (71.4%) were operated only once, while six patients underwent a total of 15 adjunctive procedures. Additional operations were always performed for recurrence of tumors localized within the cricoid plate. The histological grading was G1 in 81% and G2 in 19%. However, two patients with a primary G1 LC showed a G2 recurrence. Reoperations for recurrence were more frequent among patients with G2 in respect to G1 histology (83% vs. 7%, P <.001). Fifty percent of G2 LC and 8% of G1 underwent TL (P <.05). Margin status had no influence on recurrence rate. Conclusions: Patients with G2 LC have more recurrences requiring surgery and a higher incidence of TL. Cricoid plate localization is relevant for organ preservation. Margin status signals possible disease persistence, without influencing the need for future surgeries. Need for reoperation entails a risk of not being able to maintain organ functionality. Level of Evidence: 4 Laryngoscope, 132:838–843, 2022 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to bring attention to a rather unnoted side effect of salivary gland surgery-reduced salivary flow.Methods: A systematic PubMed, Cochrane Library, LIVIVO, and Embase databases search was performed to identify relevant articles.Results: Eight studies matched the inclusion criteria. All studies described an association between salivary gland surgery and reduced salivary flow. In five of the eight studies, patients reported on xerostomia after salivary gland surgery.Conclusions: Head and neck surgeons should inform their patients more accurately about reduced salivary flow and possible xerostomia after salivary gland surgery, and focus more on conservative strategies and minimally invasive techniques. Laryngoscope, 129:2053-2058, 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The impact of benign tumors of the parotid gland on whole salivary flow or sialochemistry is unclear., Material and Methods: A total of 22 patients with benign parotid tumors and 18 healthy controls underwent measurements of unstimulated and stimulated whole saliva flow and sialochemistry (Na+, K+, Ca++, Amylase, and pH). Assessment of xerostomia was performed by means of a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a questionnaire (QoL)., Results: Stimulated whole salivary flow was significantly lower in patients with benign parotid tumors in comparison to the control group (2.76 ± 0.96 ml/min vs. 3.85 ± 0.72 ml/min; p = 0.009). However, assessment of unstimulated whole salivary flow, sialochemistry, and subjective parameters (VAS, QoL) showed no significant differences between the patient and control groups (0.73 ± 0.41 ml/min vs. 0.68 ± 0.39 ml/min; p = 1)., Conclusions: Benign salivary gland tumors appear to reduce whole stimulated salivary flow and leave unstimulated whole salivary flow and sialochemistry unchanged. The patients' subjective feelings of dry mouth do not seem to be influenced by the reduction in salivary flow., Competing Interests: Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht., (© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)

The aim of this study was to determine the photocatalytic effects of zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs in combination with UVA-1 in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines in vitro. NP characteristics and intracellular distribution were described by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). After pre-incubation with ZnO NPs in concentrations of 0.002-20 µg/ml, the HNSCC cell lines HLaC 78 and UD-SCC 7A as well as primary oral mucosa cells (pOMCs) were treated with UVA-1. Cell survival and vitality was observed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide-(MTT)-assay and fluorescein diacetate test. Apoptosis was assessed by annexin-V propidium iodide flow cytometry. Intranuclear distribution of the rod-shaped particles was observed in 3.5% of HNSCC and in 0.5% of pOMCs. UVA-1 irradiation of 15 min in combination with 0.2 and 2 µg/ml of ZnO NP dispersion was shown to reduce the vitality of cancer cell lines significantly in comparison to cells without NP exposure or UVA-1 treatment only. For HLaC 78, a significant reduction in viable cells was already seen at 10 min of UVA-1 treatment and a ZnO NP concentration of 2 µg/ml. Flow cytometry indicated that cell death occurred primarily through necrosis. In pOMCs, vitality was not influenced either by UVA-1 treatment or ZnO NP exposure up to 2 µg/ml or a combination of both. ZnO NPs showed cytotoxicity at 20 µg/ml without UVA-1. Due to their photocatalytic properties, ZnO NPs may induce cell death in human HNSCC cell lines in vitro. Further studies will evaluate a possible benefit in adjuvant cancer therapy.