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Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has shown to be related to worse functional outcome in individuals with stroke. This systematic literature review aimed to 1) provide a comprehensive overview of the evidence of prevalence of PTSD after stroke; 2) explore possible differences in prevalence between pathogenic origin of stroke and location of lesion; and 3) explore possible differences in prevalence between method of assessment of PTSD., Methods: A systematic literature search was performed on studies reporting on PTSD post-stroke. Risk of bias was assessed using an adapted version of the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool., Results: Thirty studies, reporting on 4320 individuals, were included. The weighted median PTSD prevalence overall was 17.5 % (2.9 %-71.4 %), in ischemic stroke 13.8 %, in transient ischemic attack 4.6 %, in intracerebral hemorrhage 6.5 %, and in subarachnoid hemorrhage 37.1 %. The weighted median prevalence based on self-report questionnaires was 17.8 % (3.7 %-71.4 %,) and based on PTSD interviews 4.0 % (2.9 %-32.8 %). At three and ≥ 12 months post-stroke the weighted median prevalence was respectively 24.7 % (0.0 %-37.1 %) and 17.8 % (6.5 %-71.4 %)., Conclusion: Results suggest that PTSD is common after stroke, and even more so after subarachnoid hemorrhage. This underlines the importance of awareness of and screening for PTSD post-stroke, even after the first year post-stroke., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Acquired brain injury (ABI) is a common comorbidity in the psychiatric population. Consequences of ABI, including social communication problems, negatively affect friendships. However, current speech pathology practices regarding friendships after ABI remain unknown., Aim: To monitor perspectives, practices and facilitating as well as limiting factors with regard to these practices of Dutch speech therapists regarding friendships after ABI., Method: Survey study on whether, why, and how speech therapists do (not) perform work on friendships after ABI., Results: Up to 90% of the 36 participating speech therapists believed that work related to friendships after ABI falls within the scope of their responsibilities. 78% of the speech therapists actually performed such activities. The most frequently mentioned facilitating factor in activities regarding friendship was the presence of supporting material, e.g. educational modules. The most frequently reported barrier was the very limited existence of social networks of persons with ABI., Conclusions: Work activities by speech therapists regarding friendships after ABI are numerous. Speech therapists are in need of material that can be used to support their work on friendships.

Background: Aggression after acquired brain injury has a major impact on daily functioning for the patient, their family, and caregivers.
AIM: To present the prevalence and manifestations of aggression in patients with different types of brain injury.
METHOD: Systematic search of the literature in PubMed, Psycinfo and Embase.
RESULTS: Fourty-one studies were included in which 15 different outcome measures for aggression were used. The prevalence of agitation ranged between 4.0%-93.9% (median 35.8%), of aggression between 3.7%-88.0% (median 35.3%) and of hostility between 4.0%-45.7% (median 9.1%). Prevalence rates were highest in patients with traumatic brain injury. Verbal aggression occurred more frequently (median 33.0%, 14.0%-70.0%) than physical aggression (median 11.5%, 1.5%-33.8%), but manifestations of aggression were only examined in ten studies.
CONCLUSION: Aggression is a common behavioral problem after brain injury. The prevalence varies and depends on the type of brain injury, the specific target behavior and the outcome measure. It is recommended to reach consensus on definitions and outcome measures.

Communication disorders can arise as a consequence of right hemispheric brain injury due to, for example, stroke. These disorders can comprise language comprehension, language production and pragmatic language use. If these problems are not recognised in time, treatment will probably focus on behavioural problems, which would lead to further deterioration of the patient due to an escalation in interaction. We present a patient in whom this situation occured. However, by addressing her underlying communication problem, we were able to improve her quality of life.