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2,306 results on '"Butler L."'

1. Bacterial reprogramming of tick metabolism impacts vector fitness and susceptibility to infection

Author

Samaddar, Sourabh, Rolandelli, Agustin, O’Neal, Anya J., Laukaitis-Yousey, Hanna J., Marnin, Liron, Singh, Nisha, Wang, Xiaowei, Butler, L. Rainer, Rangghran, Parisa, Kitsou, Chrysoula, Cabrera Paz, Francy E., Valencia, Luisa, R. Ferraz, Camila, Munderloh, Ulrike G., Khoo, Benedict, Cull, Benjamin, Rosche, Kristin L., Shaw, Dana K., Oliver, Jonathan, Narasimhan, Sukanya, Fikrig, Erol, Pal, Utpal, Fiskum, Gary M., Polster, Brian M., and Pedra, Joao H. F.

Published
2024
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5. Neutron Interferometry Using a Single Modulated Phase Grating

Author

Hidrovo, I. J., Dey, J., Meyer, H., Hussey, D. S., Klimov, N. N., Butler, L. G., Ham, K., and Newhauser, W.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics - Optics
Abstract

Neutron grating interferometry provides information on phase and small-angle scatter in addition to attenuation. Previously, phase grating moir\'e interferometers (PGMI) with two- or three-phase gratings have been developed. These phase-grating systems use the moir\'e far-field technique to avoid the need for high-aspect absorption gratings used in Talbot-Lau interferometers (TLI) which reduce the neutron flux reaching the detector. We first demonstrate through theory and simulations a novel phase grating interferometer system for cold neutrons that requires a single modulated phase grating (MPG) for phase-contrast imaging, as opposed to the two- or three-phase gratings in previously employed PGMI systems. The MPG theory was compared to the full Sommerfeld-Rayleigh Diffraction integral simulator. Then we compared the MPG system to experiments in the literature that use a two-phase-grating-based PGMI with best-case visibility of around 39%. An MPG with a modulation period of 300 micron, pitch of 2 micron, and grating heights with a phase modulation of (pi,0), illuminated by a monochromatic beam, produces a visibility of 94.2% with comparable source-to-detector distance (SDD) as the two-phase-grating-based PGMI. Phase sensitivity, another important performance metric of the grating interferometer, was compared to values available in the literature, viz. the conventional TLI with phase sensitivity of 4.5 x 10E+3 for an SDD of 3.5 m and a beam wavelength of 0.44 nm. For a range of modulation periods, the MPG system provides comparable or greater theoretical maximum phase sensitivity of 4.1 x 10E+3 to 10.0 x 10E+3 for SDDs of up to 3.5 m. This proposed MPG system can provide high-performance PGMI that obviates the need to align two phase gratings., Comment: Manuscript accepted in Rev. Sci. Instrum. vol. 94, 045110, (2023), (Published Online: 17 April 2023)

Published
2022
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6. Artificial Intelligence-Based Prediction of Permeable Pavement Surface Infiltration Rates

Author

Malik, A., Abogadil, K., Khan, U. T., Butler, L. J., di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Walbridge, Scott, editor, Nik-Bakht, Mazdak, editor, Ng, Kelvin Tsun Wai, editor, Shome, Manas, editor, Alam, M. Shahria, editor, El Damatty, Ashraf, editor, and Lovegrove, Gordon, editor

Published
2023
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14. Genetic manipulation of an Ixodes scapularis cell line

Author

Singh, Nisha, primary, Rolandelli, Agustin, additional, O’Neal, Anya J., additional, Butler, L. Rainer, additional, Samaddar, Sourabh, additional, Laukaitis-Yousey, Hanna J., additional, Butnaru, Matthew, additional, Mohr, Stephanie E., additional, Perrimon, Norbert, additional, and Pedra, Joao H. F., additional

Published
2024
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15. Tick hemocytes have a pleiotropic role in microbial infection and arthropod fitness

Author

Rolandelli, Agustin, primary, Laukaitis-Yousey, Hanna J., additional, Bogale, Haikel N., additional, Singh, Nisha, additional, Samaddar, Sourabh, additional, O’Neal, Anya J., additional, Ferraz, Camila R., additional, Butnaru, Matthew, additional, Mameli, Enzo, additional, Xia, Baolong, additional, Mendes, M. Tays, additional, Butler, L. Rainer, additional, Marnin, Liron, additional, Cabrera Paz, Francy E., additional, Valencia, Luisa M., additional, Rana, Vipin S., additional, Skerry, Ciaran, additional, Pal, Utpal, additional, Mohr, Stephanie E., additional, Perrimon, Norbert, additional, Serre, David, additional, and Pedra, Joao H. F., additional

Published
2024
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16. Process evaluation of a New psychosocial goal-setting and manualised support intervention for Independence in Dementia (NIDUS-Family)

Author

Wyman, Danielle Laura, primary, Butler, L T, additional, Morgan-Trimmer, Sarah, additional, Bright, Peter, additional, Barber, Julie, additional, Budgett, Jessica, additional, Walters, Kate, additional, Lang, I, additional, Rapaport, P, additional, Banks, Sara, additional, Palomo, Marina, additional, Orgeta, Vasiliki, additional, Livingston, Gill, additional, Rockwood, K, additional, Lord, K, additional, Manthorpe, J, additional, Dow, B, additional, Hoe, J, additional, and Cooper, Claudia, additional

Published
2024
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17. Audio-based AI classifiers show no evidence of improved COVID-19 screening over simple symptoms checkers

Author

Coppock, H., Nicholson, G., Kiskin, I., Koutra, V., Baker, K., Budd, J., Payne, R., Karoune, E., Hurley, D., Titcomb, A., Egglestone, S., Tendero Cañadas, A., Butler, L., Jersakova, R., Mellor, J., Patel, S., Thornley, T., Diggle, P., Richardson, S., Packham, J., Schuller, B.W., Pigoli, D., Gilmour, S., Roberts, S., Holmes, C., Coppock, H., Nicholson, G., Kiskin, I., Koutra, V., Baker, K., Budd, J., Payne, R., Karoune, E., Hurley, D., Titcomb, A., Egglestone, S., Tendero Cañadas, A., Butler, L., Jersakova, R., Mellor, J., Patel, S., Thornley, T., Diggle, P., Richardson, S., Packham, J., Schuller, B.W., Pigoli, D., Gilmour, S., Roberts, S., and Holmes, C.

Abstract

Recent work has reported that respiratory audio-trained AI classifiers can accurately predict SARS-CoV-2 infection status. However, it has not yet been determined whether such model performance is driven by latent audio biomarkers with true causal links to SARS-CoV-2 infection or by confounding effects, such as recruitment bias, present in observational studies. Here we undertake a large-scale study of audio-based AI classifiers as part of the UK government’s pandemic response. We collect a dataset of audio recordings from 67,842 individuals, with linked metadata, of whom 23,514 had positive polymerase chain reaction tests for SARS-CoV-2. In an unadjusted analysis, similar to that in previous works, AI classifiers predict SARS-CoV-2 infection status with high accuracy (ROC–AUC = 0.846 [0.838–0.854]). However, after matching on measured confounders, such as self-reported symptoms, performance is much weaker (ROC–AUC = 0.619 [0.594–0.644]). Upon quantifying the utility of audio-based classifiers in practical settings, we find them to be outperformed by predictions on the basis of user-reported symptoms. We make best-practice recommendations for handling recruitment bias, and for assessing audio-based classifiers by their utility in relevant practical settings. Our work provides insights into the value of AI audio analysis and the importance of study design and treatment of confounders in AI-enabled diagnostics.

Published
2024

19. Tick extracellular vesicles impair epidermal homeostasis through immune-epithelial networks during hematophagy

Author

Marnin, Liron, primary, Bogale, Haikel, additional, Laukaitis-Yousey, Hanna, additional, Valencia, Luisa, additional, Rolandelli, Agustin, additional, O'Neal, Anya, additional, Ferraz, Camila, additional, Schmitter-Sanchez, Axel, additional, Bencosme Cuevas, Emily, additional, Nguyen, Thu-Thuy, additional, Leal-Galvan, Brenda, additional, Rickert, David, additional, Bruno, Vincent M, additional, Mendes, M. Tays, additional, Samaddar, Sourabh, additional, Butler, L. Rainer, additional, Singh, Nisha, additional, Cabrera Paz, Francy, additional, Oliver, Jonathan, additional, Jameson, Julie, additional, Munderloh, Ulrike, additional, Oliva Chavez, Adela, additional, Mulenga, Albert, additional, Park, Sangbum, additional, Serre, David, additional, and Pedra, Joao H. F., additional

Published
2023
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20. Rab27 in tick extracellular vesicle biogenesis and infection

Author

Butler, L. Rainer, primary, Singh, Nisha, additional, Marnin, Liron, additional, Valencia, Luisa M., additional, O’Neal, Anya J., additional, Cabrera Paz, Francy E., additional, Shaw, Dana K., additional, Oliva Chavez, Adela S., additional, and Pedra, Joao H.F., additional

Published
2023
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22. Tick extracellular vesicles enable arthropod feeding and promote distinct outcomes of bacterial infection

Author

Oliva Chávez, Adela S., Wang, Xiaowei, Marnin, Liron, Archer, Nathan K., Hammond, Holly L., Carroll, Erin E. McClure, Shaw, Dana K., Tully, Brenden G., Buskirk, Amanda D., Ford, Shelby L., Butler, L. Rainer, Shahi, Preeti, Morozova, Kateryna, Clement, Cristina C., Lawres, Lauren, Neal, Anya J. O’, Mamoun, Choukri Ben, Mason, Kathleen L., Hobbs, Brandi E., Scoles, Glen A., Barry, Eileen M., Sonenshine, Daniel E., Pal, Utpal, Valenzuela, Jesus G., Sztein, Marcelo B., Pasetti, Marcela F., Levin, Michael L., Kotsyfakis, Michail, Jay, Steven M., Huntley, Jason F., Miller, Lloyd S., Santambrogio, Laura, and Pedra, Joao H. F.

Published
2021
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24. Genetic manipulation of anIxodes scapulariscell line

Author

Singh, Nisha, primary, Rolandelli, Agustin, additional, O’Neal, Anya J., additional, Butler, L. Rainer, additional, Samaddar, Sourabh, additional, Laukaitis-Yousey, Hanna J., additional, Butnaru, Matthew, additional, Mohr, Stephanie E., additional, Perrimon, Norbert, additional, and Pedra, Joao H. F., additional

Published
2023
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25. Tick hemocytes have pleiotropic roles in microbial infection and arthropod fitness

Author

Rolandelli, Agustin, primary, Laukaitis-Yousey, Hanna, additional, Bogale, Haikel, additional, Singh, Nisha, additional, Samaddar, Sourabh, additional, ONeal, Anya, additional, Ferraz, Camila, additional, Butnaru, Matthew, additional, Mameli, Enzo, additional, Xia, Baolong, additional, Mendes, M. Tays, additional, Butler, L. Rainer, additional, Marnin, Liron, additional, Cabrera Paz, Francy, additional, Valencia, Luisa, additional, Rana, Vipin, additional, Skerry, Ciaran, additional, Pal, Utpal, additional, Mohr, Stephanie, additional, Perrimon, Norbert, additional, Serre, David, additional, and Pedra, Joao, additional

Published
2023
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27. A note on log-convexity of q-Catalan numbers

Author

Butler, L. M. and Flanigan, W. P.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05A20, 05A10, 05A05, 11B65
Abstract

The q-Catalan numbers studied by Carlitz and Riordan are polynomials in q with nonnegative coefficients. They evaluate, at q=1, to the Catalan numbers: 1, 1, 2, 5, 14,..., a log-convex sequence. We use a combinatorial interpretation of these polynomials to prove a q-log-convexity result. The sequence of q-Catalan numbers is not q-log-convex in the narrow sense used by other authors, so our work suggests a more flexible definition of q-log convex be adopted.

Published
2007

28. Analysis of cell behaviours underlying germband extension in the Drosophila embryo

Author

Butler, L. C.

Subjects
571.861
Abstract

Germband extension (GBE) in the early Drosophila embryo provides a simple system in which to study convergence and extension, a type of tissue remodelling common in development. During GBE the embryonic trunk (“germband”) extends in the anterior-posterior (AP) axis, and narrows in the dorso-ventral (DV) axis. I have quantitatively analysed cell and tissue behaviours during GBE. Our collaborators have developed novel algorithms to measure the continuous impact of cell intercalation and cell shape change on tissue deformation. Here I apply these algorithms to describe the behaviours contributing to GBE. I find that wild type embryos not only undergo cell intercalation, but also cell shape change which accounts for up to 50% of the extension rate during the fast phase of GBE. I find that this cell shape change is elevated in AP patterning mutants that have a defect in cell intercalation, and that this elevation accounts for the initial rapid pulse of extension in these mutants. Regional analysis of these cell behaviours in wild type and AP patterning mutants indicate that cell intercalation is regionally autonomous, but that cell shape change is controlled at a more global level. An external force may be present during early GBE, stretching cells in the AP axis if they fail to intercalate properly. Additionally, I have examined the impact that other morphogenetic movements of gastrulation have on GBE. Mutant analysis shows that the ventral furrow affects the rate but not overall extent of tissue deformation, while the posterior midgut invagination appears to be required only for correct displacement of the tissue as it deforms, and not for tissue deformation itself, at least during early GBE. Thus, the amount of tissue extension, the rate at which it occurs, and the tissue displacement by which it is accommodated are separable phenomena.

Published
2009

30. Metabolic disruption impacts tick fitness and microbial relationships

Author

Samaddar, Sourabh, primary, O'Neal, Anya J, additional, Marnin, Liron, additional, Rolandelli, Agustin, additional, Singh, Nisha, additional, Wang, Xiaowei, additional, Butler, L. Rainer, additional, Rangghran, Parisa, additional, Laukaitis, Hanna J, additional, Cabrera Paz, Francy E, additional, Fiskum, Gary M, additional, Polster, Brian M, additional, and Pedra, Joao HF, additional

Published
2023
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31. Croquemort elicits activation of the immune deficiency pathway in ticks

Author

O’Neal, Anya J., primary, Singh, Nisha, additional, Rolandelli, Agustin, additional, Laukaitis, Hanna J., additional, Wang, Xiaowei, additional, Shaw, Dana K., additional, Young, Brianna D., additional, Narasimhan, Sukanya, additional, Dutta, Shraboni, additional, Snyder, Greg A., additional, Samaddar, Sourabh, additional, Marnin, Liron, additional, Butler, L. Rainer, additional, Mendes, M. Tays, additional, Cabrera Paz, Francy E., additional, Valencia, Luisa M., additional, Sundberg, Eric J., additional, Fikrig, Erol, additional, Pal, Utpal, additional, Weber, David J., additional, and Pedra, Joao H. F., additional

Published
2023
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37. Introduction

Author

Stockwell, Sarah, Butler, L. J., Butler, L. J., editor, and Stockwell, Sarah, editor

Published
2013
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50. Correction to: Food insecurity and physical multimorbidity among adults aged ≥ 50 years from six low- and middle-income countries

Author

Smith L., Jı S., Jacob L., Gp L. S., Schuch F., Tully M. A., Oh H., Veronese N., Soysal P., Butler L., and SOYSAL, PINAR

Subjects
Internal Diseases, Medicine (miscellaneous), Assessment and Diagnosis, Sağlık Bilimleri, Temel Bilgi ve Beceriler, Genel Tıp, Pathophysiology, İç Hastalıkları, Clinical Medicine (MED), TIP, GENEL & DAHİLİ, Health Sciences, Internal Medicine, Klinik Tıp (MED), GERİATRİ ve GERONTOLOJİ, Aile Sağlığı, MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL, GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY, Geriatri ve Gerontoloji, Geriatri, Dahiliye, Patofizyoloji, Internal Medicine Sciences, Klinik Tıp, Fundamentals and Skills, Dahili Tıp Bilimleri, General Medicine, CLINICAL MEDICINE, Değerlendirme ve Teşhis, Tıp, Geriatrics, General Health Professions, Medicine, Tıp (çeşitli), Geriatrics and Gerontology, Family Practice, Genel Sağlık Meslekleri
Published
2023

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