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3. Accuracy of GenoQuick MTB test in detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum from TB presumptive patients in Uganda

Author

Kaswabuli, Sylvia, Musisi, Emmanuel, Byanyima, Patrick, Sessolo, Abdul, Sanyu, Ingvar, Zawedde, Josephine, Worodria, William, Huang, Laurence, Okeng, Alfred, and Bwanga, Freddie

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Prevention, Lung, Tuberculosis, Infectious Diseases, Rare Diseases, Clinical Research, HIV/AIDS, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Detection, screening and diagnosis, 4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Diagnosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, GenoQuick MTB, nucleic acid amplification, diagnostic accuracy, resource-limited settings, and resource-limited settings, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to determine the diagnostic performance of the GenoQuick MTB test on heated sputum against the conventional Lowenstein-Jensen Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture as the reference method for tuberculosis diagnosis.IntroductionFast, reliable, and easy-to-use tests for tuberculosis diagnosis are essential to achieving the Sustainable Development Goal of diagnosing and treating 90% of tuberculosis patients by 2030. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of the GenoQuick MTB, a polymerase chain reaction-lateral flow test, in Uganda, a resource-constrained, high tuberculosis- and HIV-burden setting.MethodsFresh sputum samples from presumptive tuberculosis patients at Mulago Hospital were tested for M. tuberculosis using smear microscopy, GenoQuick MTB test, and Lowenstein-Jensen culture. For the GenoQuick MTB test, mycobacterial DNA was extracted by heating sputum at 95°C for 30 min while DNA amplification and detection were done following the manufacturer's protocol (Hain Lifescience, Nehren, Germany). Sensitivity, specificity, and kappa agreements were calculated against Lowenstein-Jensen M. tuberculosis culture as a reference test using STATA V12.ResultsOf the 86 tested samples, 30.2% had culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis. Overall, sensitivity was higher for GenoQuick MTB (81%, 95% confidence interval: 60%-93%) than for smear microscopy (69%, 95% confidence interval: 48%-86%). Among people living with HIV, sensitivity was identical for GenoQuick MTB and smear tests (75%, 95% confidence interval: 42%-95%). Contrastingly, smear had a higher overall specificity (98%, 95% confidence interval: 91%-100%) than for GenoQuick MTB (92%, 95% confidence interval: 81%-97%). A similar trend of specificity was observed among the people living with HIV for smear microscopy (100%, 95% CI: 87%-100%) and for GenoQuick MTB (96%, 95% confidence interval: 81%-100%).ConclusionThe GenoQuick MTB test could be a potential tuberculosis diagnostic test given its higher sensitivity. Evaluation of this test in larger studies is recommended.

Published
2022

6. Ineffectiveness of international travel restrictions to contain spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 variant: a continent-wide laboratory-based observational study from Africa

Author

Fischer, Carlo, primary, Maponga, Tongai Gibson, additional, Yadouleton, Anges, additional, Abilio, Nuro, additional, Aboce, Emmanuel, additional, Adewumi, Praise, additional, Afonso, Pedro, additional, Akorli, Jewelna, additional, Andriamandimby, Soa Fy, additional, Anga, Latifa, additional, Ashong, Yvonne, additional, Beloufa, Mohamed Amine, additional, Bensalem, Aicha, additional, Birtles, Richard, additional, Magloire Boumba, Anicet Luc, additional, Bwanga, Freddie, additional, Chaponda, Mike, additional, Chibukira, Paradzai, additional, Chico, R Matthew, additional, Chileshe, Justin, additional, Choga, Wonderful, additional, Chongwe, Gershom, additional, Cisse, Assana, additional, Cisse, Fatoumata, additional, D Alessandro, Umberto, additional, de Lamballerie, Xavier, additional, de Morais, Joana F.M., additional, Derrar, Fawzi, additional, Dia, Ndongo, additional, Diarra, Youssouf, additional, Doumbia, Lassina, additional, Drosten, Christian, additional, Dussart, Philippe, additional, Echodu, Richard, additional, Luedde, Tom, additional, Eloualid, Abdelmajid, additional, Faye, Ousmane, additional, Feldt, Torsten, additional, Fruehauf, Anna, additional, Gaseitsiwe, Simani, additional, Halatoko, Afiwa, additional, Ilouga, Pauliana-Vanessa, additional, Ismael, Nalia, additional, Jambou, Ronan, additional, Jarju, Sheikh, additional, Kamprad, Antje, additional, Katowa, Ben, additional, Kayiwa, John, additional, Kingwara, Leonard, additional, Koita, Ousmane, additional, Lacoste, Vincent, additional, Lagare, Adamou, additional, Landt, Olfert, additional, Lekana-Douki, Sonia Etenna, additional, Lekana-Douki, Jean-Bernard, additional, Iipumbu, Etuhole, additional, Loemba, Hugues, additional, Lutwama, Julius, additional, Mamadou, Santou, additional, Maman, Issaka, additional, Manyisa, Brendon, additional, Martinez, Pedro A., additional, Matoba, Japhet, additional, Mhuulu, Lusia, additional, Moreira-Soto, Andres, additional, Moyo, Sikhulile, additional, Mwangi, Judy, additional, Ndilimabaka, Nadine, additional, Nassuna, Charity Angella, additional, Ndiath, Mamadou Ousmane, additional, Nepolo, Emmanuel, additional, Njouom, Richard, additional, Nourlil, Jalal, additional, Nyanjom, Steven Ger, additional, Odari, Eddy Okoth, additional, Okeng, Alfred, additional, Ouoba, Jean Bienvenue, additional, Owusu, Michael, additional, Donkor, Irene Owusu, additional, Phadu, Karabo Kristen, additional, Phillips, Richard Odame, additional, Preiser, Wolfgang, additional, Roques, Pierre, additional, Ruhanya, Vurayai, additional, Salah, Fortune, additional, Salifou, Sourakatou, additional, Sall, Amadou Alpha, additional, Sylverken, Augustina Angelina, additional, Tagnouokam-Ngoupo, Paul Alain, additional, Tarnagda, Zekiba, additional, Tchikaya, Francis Olivier, additional, Tordo, Noel, additional, Tufa, Tafese Beyene, additional, and Drexler, Jan Felix, additional

Published
2024
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8. Sputum quality and diagnostic performance of GeneXpert MTB/RIF among smear-negative adults with presumed tuberculosis in Uganda

Author

Meyer, Amanda J, Atuheire, Collins, Worodria, William, Kizito, Samuel, Katamba, Achilles, Sanyu, Ingvar, Andama, Alfred, Ayakaka, Irene, Cattamanchi, Adithya, Bwanga, Freddie, Huang, Laurence, and Davis, J Lucian

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, HIV/AIDS, Prevention, Rare Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Clinical Research, Tuberculosis, Vaccine Related, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Detection, screening and diagnosis, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Microscopy, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Prospective Studies, Sputum, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, Uganda, Young Adult, General Science & Technology
Abstract

BackgroundIntroduction of GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) assay has constituted a major breakthrough for tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics. Several patient factors may influence diagnostic performance of Xpert including sputum quality.ObjectiveWe carried out a prospective, observational, cross-sectional study to determine the effect of sputum quality on diagnostic performance of Xpert among presumed TB patients in Uganda.MethodsWe collected clinical and demographic information and two sputum samples from participants. Staff recorded sputum quality and performed LED fluorescence microscopy and mycobacterial culture on each sample. If both smear examinations were negative, Xpert testing was performed. We calculated diagnostic yield, sensitivity, specificity, and other indicators for Xpert for each stratum of sputum quality in reference to a standard of mycobacterial culture.ResultsPatients with salivary sputum showed a trend towards a substantially higher proportion of samples that were Xpert-positive (54/286, 19%, 95% CI 15-24) compared with those with all other sputum sample types (221/1496, 15%, 95% CI 13-17). Blood-stained sputum produced the lowest sensitivity (28%; 95% CI 12-49) and salivary sputum the highest (66%; 95% CI 53-77). Specificity didn't vary meaningfully by sample types. Salivary sputum was significantly more sensitive than mucoid sputum (+13%, 95% CI +1 to +26), while blood-stained sputum was significantly less sensitive (-24%, 95% CI -42 to -5).ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate the need to exercise caution in collecting sputum for Xpert and in interpreting results because sputum quality may impact test yield and sensitivity. In particular, it may be wise to pursue additional testing should blood-stained sputum test negative while salivary sputum should be readily accepted for Xpert testing given its higher sensitivity and potentially higher yield than other sample types. These findings challenge conventional recommendations against collecting salivary sputum for TB diagnosis and could inform new standards for sputum quality.

Published
2017

9. Prevalence of group A β-hemolytic streptococcal throat carriage and prospective pilot surveillance of streptococcal sore throat in Ugandan school children

Author

DeWyer, Alyssa, Scheel, Amy, Webel, Allison R., Longenecker, Chris T., Kamarembo, Jennipher, Aliku, Twalib, Engel, Mark E., Bowen, Asha C., Bwanga, Freddie, Hovis, Ian, Chang, Aileen, Sarnacki, Rachel, Sable, Craig, Dale, James B., Carapetis, Jonathan, Rwebembera, Joselyn, Okello, Emmy, and Beaton, Andrea

Published
2020
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10. Divergent neuroimmune signatures in the cerebrospinal fluid predict differential gender-specific survival among patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis

Author

Okurut, Samuel, primary, Boulware, David R., additional, Okafor, Elizabeth, additional, Rhein, Joshua, additional, Kajumbula, Henry, additional, Bagaya, Bernard S., additional, Bwanga, Freddie, additional, Olobo, Joseph O., additional, Manabe, Yukari C., additional, Meya, David B., additional, and Janoff, Edward N., additional

Published
2023
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12. Pulmonary dimorphic fungal infections among HIV/AIDS non‐TB patients with chronic cough in Kampala, Uganda.

Author

Kiconco, Prossy, Achan, Beatrice, Sanya, Moses, Najjingo, Irene, Okeng, Alfred, and Bwanga, Freddie

Subjects
CHRONIC cough, MYCOSES, AIDS patients, HIV infections, PARACOCCIDIOIDES brasiliensis
Abstract

Introduction: Dimorphic fungi cause infection following the inhalation of spores into the pulmonary system. In the lower respiratory tract, the conidia transform into yeasts, which are engulfed by alveolar macrophages and may be destroyed without disease manifestation. However, in some immunocompromised individuals, they may persist and cause active fungal disease characterized by formation of granulomas in the infected tissues, which may mimic Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Objective: To determine the prevalence of pulmonary dimorphic fungal infections among HIV/AIDS patients with non‐TB chronic cough at Mulago National Referral and Teaching Hospital in Kampala, Uganda. Methods: Sputum samples were collected from 175 consented HIV/AIDS patients attending the immuno‐suppression syndrome (ISS) clinic at the hospital. Upon Xpert MTB/RIF sputum testing, 21 patients tested positive for MTB, and these were excluded from further analysis. The other 154 sputum negative samples were then subjected to PCR for dimorphic fungi at MBN Clinical Laboratories. Singleplex PCR was used to detect the target sequences in selected respective genes of each dimorphic fungal species of interest. DNA amplicons were detected based on gel electrophoresis. Results: Dimorphic fungi were detected in 16.2% (25/154) of the studied population. Of these 9.1% (14/154) had Blastomyces dermatitidis and 7.1% (11/154) had Talaromyces marneffei. The remaining 84% of the studied participants had no dimorphic fungi. Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides immitis and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis were not detected in any of the participants. Conclusion: Dimorphic fungi (B. dermatitidis and T. marneffei) were found in 16.2% of the HIV/AIDS patients with non‐TB chronic cough in Kampala, Uganda. We recommend routine testing for these pathogens among HIV/AIDS patients with chronic cough. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. HPV-Chlamydial Coinfection, Prevalence, and Association with Cervical Intraepithelial Lesions: A Pilot Study at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital

Author

Frank Ssedyabane, Diaz Anaya Amnia, Ronald Mayanja, Aisagbonhi Omonigho, Charles Ssuuna, Josephine Nambi Najjuma, and Bwanga Freddie

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Background. Human Pappilloma Virus (HPV) is the necessary cause of cervical cancer. A number of risk factors are believed to influence the role of HPV in the development of cervical cancer. This is so because majority of HPV infections are cleared and only a few are able to result into cancer. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is considered a potential cofactor in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), although different studies have produced contradicting information (Silins et al., 2005, Bellaminutti et al., 2014, and Bhatla et al., 2013). The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence and association of HPV-Chlamydial coinfection with cervical intraepithelial lesions and other risk factors for cervical intraepithelial lesions at a hospital in south western Uganda (MRRH). Methods. The study included 93 participants, with an age range of 25 to 80 years, from whom cervical specimens were collected and enrolment forms were completed upon consent. Experienced midwives collected one cervical smear and two endocervical swabs from each participant. The swabs were used for HPV DNA and Chlamydia trachomatis antigen testing. Data was entered in Microsoft excel and analysed using STATA 12 software. With the help of spearman’s correlation at the 0.05 level of significance, bivariate and multivariate analysis were done by logistic regression, to determine associations of risk factors to cervical lesions. Results. The results showed the prevalence of HPV-Chlamydial coinfection to be 8.6% (8/93). Positive Pap smear results were found in 60.22% (56/93) participants, most of whom had low grade squamous intraepitherial lesion (LSIL) (54.84%). HPV-Chlamydial coinfection showed a significant correlation with a positive cytology result and only relatively significantly correlated with LSIL grade of cytological positivity. HPV was found to be the risk factors associated with cervical intraepithelial lesions at MRRH. Conclusion. HPV, Chlamydia, and HPV-Chlamydial coinfection are prevalent infections and there is a likelihood of association between HPV-Chlamydial coinfection and with cervical intraepithelial lesions. This study recommends general sexually transimitted infections (STIS) screening for every woman that turns up for cervical cancer screening and a larger study, probably a multicentre study.

Published
2019
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21. Retraction

Author

Fischer, Carlo, primary, Maponga, Tongai Gibson, additional, Yadouleton, Anges, additional, Abílio, Nuro, additional, Aboce, Emmanuel, additional, Adewumi, Praise, additional, Afonso, Pedro, additional, Akorli, Jewelna, additional, Andriamandimby, Soa Fy, additional, Anga, Latifa, additional, Ashong, Yvonne, additional, Beloufa, Mohamed Amine, additional, Bensalem, Aicha, additional, Birtles, Richard, additional, Boumba, Anicet Luc Magloire, additional, Bwanga, Freddie, additional, Chaponda, Mike, additional, Chibukira, Paradzai, additional, Chico, R. Matthew, additional, Chileshe, Justin, additional, Chongwe, Gershom, additional, Cissé, Assana, additional, D’Alessandro, Umberto, additional, de Lamballerie, Xavier Nicolas, additional, de Morais, Joana F. M., additional, Derrar, Fawzi, additional, Dia, Ndongo, additional, Diarra, Youssouf, additional, Doumbia, Lassina, additional, Drosten, Christian, additional, Dussart, Philippe, additional, Echodu, Richard, additional, Eggers, Yannik, additional, Eloualid, Abdelmajid, additional, Faye, Ousmane, additional, Feldt, Torsten, additional, Frühauf, Anna, additional, Halatoko, Afiwa, additional, Ilouga, Pauliana-Vanessa, additional, Ismael, Nalia, additional, Jambou, Ronan, additional, Jarju, Sheikh, additional, Kamprad, Antje, additional, Katowa, Ben, additional, Kayiwa, John, additional, King’wara, Leonard, additional, Koita, Ousmane, additional, Lacoste, Vincent, additional, Lagare, Adamou, additional, Landt, Olfert, additional, Lekana-Douki, Sonia Etenna, additional, Lekana-Douki, Jean-Bernard, additional, Iipumbu, Etuhole, additional, Loemba, Hugues, additional, Lutwama, Julius, additional, Mamadou, Santou, additional, Maman, Issaka, additional, Manyisa, Brendon, additional, Martinez, Pedro A., additional, Matoba, Japhet, additional, Mhuulu, Lusia, additional, Moreira-Soto, Andres, additional, Mwangi, Judy, additional, N’dilimabaka, Nadine, additional, Nassuna, Charity Angella, additional, Ndiath, Mamadou Ousmane, additional, Nepolo, Emmanuel, additional, Njouom, Richard, additional, Nourlil, Jalal, additional, Nyanjom, Steven Ger, additional, Odari, Eddy Okoth, additional, Okeng, Alfred, additional, Ouoba, Jean Bienvenue, additional, Owusu, Michael, additional, Donkor, Irene Owusu, additional, Phadu, Karabo Kristen, additional, Phillips, Richard Odame, additional, Preiser, Wolfgang, additional, Ruhanya, Vurayai, additional, Salah, Fortune, additional, Salifou, Sourakatou, additional, Sall, Amadou Alpha, additional, Sylverken, Augustina Angelina, additional, Tagnouokam-Ngoupo, Paul Alain, additional, Tarnagda, Zekiba, additional, Tchikaya, Francis Olivier, additional, Tufa, Tafese Beyene, additional, and Drexler, Jan Felix, additional

Published
2022
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22. Gradual emergence followed by exponential spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Africa

Author

Fischer, Carlo, primary, Maponga, Tongai Gibson, additional, Yadouleton, Anges, additional, Abílio, Nuro, additional, Aboce, Emmanuel, additional, Adewumi, Praise, additional, Afonso, Pedro, additional, Akorli, Jewelna, additional, Andriamandimby, Soa Fy, additional, Anga, Latifa, additional, Ashong, Yvonne, additional, Beloufa, Mohamed Amine, additional, Bensalem, Aicha, additional, Birtles, Richard, additional, Boumba, Anicet Luc Magloire, additional, Bwanga, Freddie, additional, Chaponda, Mike, additional, Chibukira, Paradzai, additional, Chico, R. Matthew, additional, Chileshe, Justin, additional, Chongwe, Gershom, additional, Cissé, Assana, additional, D’Alessandro, Umberto, additional, de Lamballerie, Xavier Nicolas, additional, de Morais, Joana F. M., additional, Derrar, Fawzi, additional, Dia, Ndongo, additional, Diarra, Youssouf, additional, Doumbia, Lassina, additional, Drosten, Christian, additional, Dussart, Philippe, additional, Echodu, Richard, additional, Eggers, Yannik, additional, Eloualid, Abdelmajid, additional, Faye, Ousmane, additional, Feldt, Torsten, additional, Frühauf, Anna, additional, Halatoko, Afiwa, additional, Ilouga, Pauliana-Vanessa, additional, Ismael, Nalia, additional, Jambou, Ronan, additional, Jarju, Sheikh, additional, Kamprad, Antje, additional, Katowa, Ben, additional, Kayiwa, John, additional, King’wara, Leonard, additional, Koita, Ousmane, additional, Lacoste, Vincent, additional, Lagare, Adamou, additional, Landt, Olfert, additional, Lekana-Douki, Sonia Etenna, additional, Lekana-Douki, Jean-Bernard, additional, Iipumbu, Etuhole, additional, Loemba, Hugues, additional, Lutwama, Julius, additional, Mamadou, Santou, additional, Maman, Issaka, additional, Manyisa, Brendon, additional, Martinez, Pedro A., additional, Matoba, Japhet, additional, Mhuulu, Lusia, additional, Moreira-Soto, Andres, additional, Mwangi, Judy, additional, N´dilimabaka, Nadine, additional, Nassuna, Charity Angella, additional, Ndiath, Mamadou Ousmane, additional, Nepolo, Emmanuel, additional, Njouom, Richard, additional, Nourlil, Jalal, additional, Nyanjom, Steven Ger, additional, Odari, Eddy Okoth, additional, Okeng, Alfred, additional, Ouoba, Jean Bienvenue, additional, Owusu, Michael, additional, Owusu Donkor, Irene, additional, Phadu, Karabo Kristen, additional, Phillips, Richard Odame, additional, Preiser, Wolfgang, additional, Ruhanya, Vurayai, additional, Salah, Fortune, additional, Salifou, Sourakatou, additional, Sall, Amadou Alpha, additional, Sylverken, Augustina Angelina, additional, Tagnouokam-Ngoupo, Paul Alain, additional, Tarnagda, Zekiba, additional, Tchikaya, Francis Olivier, additional, Tufa, Tafese Beyene, additional, and Drexler, Jan Felix, additional

Published
2022
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24. Additional file 1 of No association of a Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) gene polymorphism with pre-eclampsia among pregnant women in Uganda

Author

Nabweyambo, Sheila, Kanyerezi, Stephen, Petterson, John H.-O., Katabazi, Fred Ashaba, Ssekagiri, Alfred, Mwesigwa, Savannah, Mboowa, Gerald, Nakazzi, Faith, Keesiga, Annette, Adroma, Moses, Bwanga, Freddie, McGovern, Naomi, Sande, Obondo James, and Nakimuli, Annettee

Abstract

Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure S1. Distribution of family history of hypertension among genotypes of the of the +936C/T polymorphism in cases and controls.

Published
2023
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26. Microbiology of bacterial bloodstream infections among patients with solid tumors and hematologic malignancies in Africa: A scoping review

Author

Gulleen, Elizabeth, Lubwama, Margaret, Thielen, Beth, Bwanga, Freddie, Kateete, David, Orem, Jackson, Liu, Catherine, and Phipps, Warren

Subjects
Oncology, Bacteria, Bacterial Infections and Mycoses, Neoplasms, Organisms, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medical Specialties, Infectious Disease, Diseases
Abstract

Bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients receiving cancer treatment. Current international/consensus guidelines for the antibiotic management of bacterial BSIs in patients with cancer were developed in settings with low prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria and where HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria are non-endemic. In this scoping review, we will summarize the current state of evidence regarding the bacterial causes of BSIs among patients with cancer who are living in Africa. We will also describe the antibiotic resistance patterns among Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria isolated from the blood of patients with cancer. The objective of this review is to summarize the current literature regarding the bacterial causes of BSIs among patients with cancer who live in North Africa or sub-Saharan Africa. This information can be used to adapt antibiotic management guidelines developed in high-resource settings to best address the microbiologic causes of infections among patients with cancer in Africa. Our primary review question is: - What are the most common bacterial causes of BSIs among patients with solid tumors and hematologic malignancies living in Africa. Our secondary review questions are: - How do the bacterial causes of BSIs differ for adult and pediatric patients with solid tumors or hematologic malignancies? - What are the most frequently described antibiotic resistance patterns among Gram-positive bacteria isolated from blood cultures of patients with cancer? - What are the most frequently described antibiotic resistance patterns among Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood cultures of patients with cancer? - What are the currently identified risk -factors associated with developing bacterial BSIs among adult and pediatric patients with solid tumor or hematologic malignancies living in Africa? - What are the currently described mortality rates for patients who develop bacterial BSIs?

Published
2022
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29. Unique circulating microRNA profiles in epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma

Author

Muwonge, Haruna, primary, Kasujja, Hassan, additional, Niyonzima, Nixon, additional, Atugonza, Carolyne, additional, Kasolo, Josephine, additional, Lugaajju, Allan, additional, Nfambi, Joshua, additional, Fred, Sembajwe Larry, additional, Damani, Ali Moses, additional, Kimuli, Ivan, additional, Zavuga, Robert, additional, Nakazzi, Faith, additional, Kigozi, Edgar, additional, Nakanjako, Damalie, additional, Kateete, David Patrick, additional, and Bwanga, Freddie, additional

Published
2022
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33. HPV-Chlamydial Coinfection, Prevalence, and Association with Cervical Intraepithelial Lesions: A Pilot Study at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital

Author

Josephine N. Najjuma, Diaz Anaya Amnia, Frank Ssedyabane, Aisagbonhi Omonigho, Charles Ssuuna, Bwanga Freddie, and Ronald Mayanja

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Article Subject, Epidemiology, Prevalence, lcsh:Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Genetics, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cervix, Cervical cancer, Chlamydia, business.industry, Obstetrics, Incidence (epidemiology), lcsh:R, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine.disease, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Coinfection, business, Chlamydia trachomatis, Research Article
Abstract

Background. Human Pappilloma Virus (HPV) is the necessary cause of cervical cancer. A number of risk factors are believed to influence the role of HPV in the development of cervical cancer. This is so because majority of HPV infections are cleared and only a few are able to result into cancer. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is considered a potential cofactor in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), although different studies have produced contradicting information (Silins et al., 2005, Bellaminutti et al., 2014, and Bhatla et al., 2013). The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence and association of HPV-Chlamydial coinfection with cervical intraepithelial lesions and other risk factors for cervical intraepithelial lesions at a hospital in south western Uganda (MRRH). Methods. The study included 93 participants, with an age range of 25 to 80 years, from whom cervical specimens were collected and enrolment forms were completed upon consent. Experienced midwives collected one cervical smear and two endocervical swabs from each participant. The swabs were used for HPV DNA and Chlamydia trachomatis antigen testing. Data was entered in Microsoft excel and analysed using STATA 12 software. With the help of spearman’s correlation at the 0.05 level of significance, bivariate and multivariate analysis were done by logistic regression, to determine associations of risk factors to cervical lesions. Results. The results showed the prevalence of HPV-Chlamydial coinfection to be 8.6% (8/93). Positive Pap smear results were found in 60.22% (56/93) participants, most of whom had low grade squamous intraepitherial lesion (LSIL) (54.84%). HPV-Chlamydial coinfection showed a significant correlation with a positive cytology result and only relatively significantly correlated with LSIL grade of cytological positivity. HPV was found to be the risk factors associated with cervical intraepithelial lesions at MRRH. Conclusion. HPV, Chlamydia, and HPV-Chlamydial coinfection are prevalent infections and there is a likelihood of association between HPV-Chlamydial coinfection and with cervical intraepithelial lesions. This study recommends general sexually transimitted infections (STIS) screening for every woman that turns up for cervical cancer screening and a larger study, probably a multicentre study.

Published
2019

35. Circulating levels of angiogenic factors and their association with preeclampsia among pregnant women at Mulago National Referral Hospital in Uganda

Author

Nabweyambo, Sheila, primary, Sande, Obondo James, additional, McGovern, Naomi, additional, Bwanga, Freddie, additional, Ssekagiri, Alfred, additional, Keesiga, Annette, additional, Adroma, Moses, additional, Wasswa, Ronald, additional, Atuheirwe, Maxine, additional, Namugenyi, Juliet, additional, Castelnuovo, Barbara, additional, and Nakimuli, Annettee, additional

Published
2021
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36. Fungal asthma among Ugandan adult asthmatics

Author

Kwizera, Richard, primary, Bongomin, Felix, additional, Olum, Ronald, additional, Meya, David B, additional, Worodria, William, additional, Bwanga, Freddie, additional, Fowler, Stephen J, additional, Gore, Robin, additional, Denning, David W, additional, and Kirenga, Bruce J, additional

Published
2021
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38. CASE_REPORT_FORM_WEKESA_et_al_Dr._Bwanga_17July2020 – Supplemental material for Ceftriaxone- and ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella species, Escherichia coli, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus dominate caesarean surgical site infections at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda

Author

Wekesa, Yvonne N, Fatuma Namusoke, Sekikubo, Musa, Mango, Dennis Wandera, and Bwanga, Freddie

Subjects
FOS: Veterinary sciences, 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified, Cardiology, 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified, 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified, 110604 Sports Medicine, FOS: Health sciences, 110306 Endocrinology, 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology, 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified, 111708 Health and Community Services, parasitic diseases, 160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods, 111702 Aged Health Care, 111403 Paediatrics, 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases, 110203 Respiratory Diseases, 110315 Otorhinolaryngology, 70706 Veterinary Medicine, FOS: Clinical medicine, 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy), FOS: Sociology, FOS: Psychology, 110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified, 110323 Surgery, 110305 Emergency Medicine, 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified, 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified, 110314 Orthopaedics
Abstract

Supplemental material, CASE_REPORT_FORM_WEKESA_et_al_Dr._Bwanga_17July2020 for Ceftriaxone- and ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella species, Escherichia coli, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus dominate caesarean surgical site infections at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda by Yvonne N Wekesa, Fatuma Namusoke, Musa Sekikubo, Dennis Wandera Mango and Freddie Bwanga in SAGE Open Medicine

Published
2020
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40. Unique Circulating microRNA Profiles in Epidemic Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Author

Muwonge, Haruna, primary, Kasujja, Hassan, additional, Atugonza, Carolyne, additional, Kasolo, Josephine, additional, Lugaajju, Allan, additional, Nfambi, Joshua, additional, Fred, Sembajwe Larry, additional, Damani, Ali Moses, additional, Kimuli, Ivan, additional, Nakazzi, Faith, additional, Nakanjako, Damalie, additional, Kateete, David Patrick, additional, and Bwanga, Freddie, additional

Published
2020
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43. B Cell Compartmentalization in Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid of HIV-Infected Ugandans with Cryptococcal Meningitis

Author

Okurut, Samuel, primary, Meya, David B., additional, Bwanga, Freddie, additional, Olobo, Joseph, additional, Eller, Michael A., additional, Cham-Jallow, Fatim, additional, Bohjanen, Paul R., additional, Pratap, Harsh, additional, Palmer, Brent E., additional, Hullsiek, Katharine H., additional, Manabe, Yukari C., additional, Boulware, David R., additional, and Janoff, Edward N., additional

Published
2020
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46. MOESM1 of Nasopharyngeal carriage, spa types and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Staphylococcus aureus from healthy children less than 5 years in Eastern Uganda

Author

Kateete, David, Benon Asiimwe, Mayanja, Raymond, Mujuni, Brian, Bwanga, Freddie, Najjuka, Christine, Källander, Karin, and Elizeus Rutebemberwa

Subjects
biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, bacterial infections and mycoses
Abstract

Additional file 1: Table S1. Spa types and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of MSSA and MRSA from children less than 5 years in rural eastern Uganda.

Published
2019
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48. Enabling dynamic partnerships through joint degrees between low- and high-income countries for capacity development in global health research: experience from the Karolinska Institutet/Makerere University partnership

Author

Sewankambo, Nelson, Tumwine, James K., Tomson, Goran, Obua, Celestino, Bwanga, Freddie, Waiswa, Peter, Katabira, Elly, Akuffo, Hannah, Persson, Kristina, and Peterson, Stefan

Subjects
Medical partnership -- Planning, Health promotion -- Planning, Biological sciences
Abstract

Summary Points * Partnerships between universities in high- and low-income countries have the potential to increase research capacity in both settings. * We describe a partnership between the Karolinska Institutet in Sweden and Makerere University in Uganda that includes a joint PhD degree program and sharing of scientific ideas and resources. * Ten years of financial support from the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency has enabled 44 graduated PhD students and more than 500 peer-reviewed articles, the majority with a Ugandan as first author. * The collaborative research environment is addressing Ugandan health and health system priorities, in several cases resulting in policy and practice reforms. * Even though all Ugandan PhD graduates have remained in the country and 13 have embarked on postdoc training, remaining institutional challenges include developing functioning research groups, grant writing, network building at Makerere, and continued funding on both sides of the partnership., Background The Bamako Global Ministerial Forum on Research for Health emphasised the importance of developing national health research capacity in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as a key element in [...]

Published
2015
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