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Aspergillus causes a variety of clinical syndromes in the lung including tracheobronchial aspergillosis, invasive aspergillosis, chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and aspergilloma. Aspergilloma usually results from ingrowths of colonized Aspergillus in damaged bronchial tree, pulmonary cyst or cavities of patients with underlying lung diseases. There are a few reports on endobronchial aspergilloma without underlying pulmonary lesion. We have experienced a case of endobronchial aspergilloma associated with foreign body developed in an immunocompetent patient without underlying lung diseases. A 59-year-old man is being hospitalized with recurring hemoptysis for 5 months. X-ray and computed tomography scans of chest showed a nodular opacity in superior segment of left lower lobe. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed an irregular, mass-like, brownish material which totally obstructed the sub-segmental bronchus and a foreign body in superior segmental bronchus of the lower left lobe. Histopathologic examinations of biopsy specimen revealed fungal hyphae, characteristic of Aspergillus species.

Paclitaxel has been widely used for treating many solid tumors. Although colonic toxicity is an unusual complication of paclitaxel-based chemotherapy, the reported toxicities include pseudomembranous colitis, neutropenic enterocolitis and on rare occasions ischemic colitis. , which is a recently developed cremophor-free, polymeric micelle-formulated paclitaxel, has shown a more potent antitumor effect because it can increase the usual dose of paclitaxel due to that does not include the toxic cremophor compound. We report here on a case of a 57-year-old man with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and who developed ischemic colitis after chemotherapy with and cisplatin. He complained of hematochezia with abdominal pain on the left lower quadrant. Colonoscopy revealed diffuse mucosal hemorrhage and edema from the sigmoid colon to the splenic flexure. After bowel rest, he recovered from his symptoms and the follow-up colonoscopic findings showed that the mucosa was healing. Since then, he was treated with pemetrexed monotherapy instead of a paclitaxel compound and platinum.

폐흡충증은 예전에 비해서 발생 빈도가 감소 하였으나, 현재도 산발적으로 발생하고 있다. 폐흡충증은 민물 게나 민물 가재 등의 섭취력이 있고, 혈액검사상 호산구 증가증이 있는 경우 의심을 해보아야 한다. 객담이나 대변 검사상 충란을 발견할 경우 폐흡충증을 진단할 수 있으나 실제로 발견되는 경우는 40% 미만이므로 폐흡충증이 의심된다면 방사선학적 및 혈청학적 방법에 의해 폐흡충증을 확인하는 것이 필요하다. 치료로는 praziquantel 25 mg/kg씩 1일 3회, 이틀간 투여하는 1회 치료 과정으로 비교적 좋은 예후를 보인다. 그러나 본 증례처럼 1회 치료로 불충분하여 재발하는 경우가 있으므로 치료 후에도 정기적인 추적 관찰이 필요하겠다. 또한 재발 및 재치료율을 낮추기 위한 연구와 재발 환자의 치료 기간 정립이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 저자들은 좌측 흉수를 주소로 내원하여 폐흡충에 의한 흉수로 진단 받은 35세 환자에서 praziquantel25 mg/kg씩 1일 3회, 2일간 투여하여 호전 보였으나, 이후에 3차례나 재발하여 총 4차례 치료 과정을 반복하여 호전된 증례를 경험하였기에 문헌과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

A case of 51-year-old woman with a malignant solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) that exhibited no growth over a period of 4 years is reported. Surgical wedge resection revealed an adenocarcinoma upon intra-operative frozen examination. The operation was completed with a right upper lobectomy and complete lymphadenectomy. The authors recommend an early surgical procedure for any SPNs due to risk factors for developing lung cancer.

Background : The balances of the proteinases and antiproteinases system have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various exudative pleural effusions. The aim of this study was to examine the matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) levels in exudative pleural effusions. Methods : The study included 33 tuberculous effusions, 17 malignant, and 5 transudates. The pleural levels of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 were determined using a commercially available ELISA assay. Results : The group of tuberculous effusions showed higher pleural MMP-1 levels than the malignant and transudates. The pleural TIMP-1 levels of the tuberculous and malignant effusions were higher than the transudates. Conclusion : Elevated pleural MMP-1 and TIMP-1 levels were found in tuberculous effusions.