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In the laboratory of Insect Pathology of the Center for Agricultural Research (CIAP), between the months of February to June 2018, this study was conducted with the objective of determining the population increase of Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boh.) (Coleoptera; Crysomelidae) in 23 common bean cultivars. The oviposition of the insects on the seeds, the increase of the number of insects and the reduction of the weight of the seeds in the second generation were determined. In the 23 cultivars evaluated the insect reproduced, the largest increases were over Mulangri 112, P 2170, Quivicán and Milagro Villareño. The presence of Z. subfasciatus on the cultivars BAT 304 and Holguin 518 did not cause considerable losses in the period evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The regionalization studies of common bean genotypes are very important, having in to account the specific interaction between genotype and environment. The objective of this work was to determine the morphophysiological response of four commercial cultivars of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in late planting season in two types of soil at Remedios municipality. The experiments were developed in La Granja Agropecuaria "Liberación de Remedios" whose soil is red ferralitic compacted and in the Agricultural Cooperative of Credits and Services "Celestino Gutiérrez" with a soft carbonated brown soil. The plant morphophysiological indicators evaluated were height. number of leafiets, leaf area, total fresh and dry mass. For the study an experimental random block design was used, consisting of four treatments (cultivars) and four replications. For each evaluation a random sample of 50 plants per plot was taken. All variables evaluated were significantly higher in soft carbonated brown soil. Notable differences were observed among soil types, mainly in the acidity of the soil, which could infiuence the morphophysiological response of the commercial cultivars studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work consisted on the evaluation of several alternative methods for the elimination of one type of warehouse pest in grains (Sitophilus spp). Six treatments and a control were evaluated with three replicas each one, the grain object of study was sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Moench), UDG-110 cultivar. The studied variants were: 6 treatments (3 treatments with different methane dose and 3 treatments with different zeolite dose) and a control, with 3 replicas each one. All the treatments were executed inside test tubes of 50 mL. Methane application was by means of lethal injection with the doses specified in the respective treatments. The tests were carried out in the laboratories of agricultural microbiology, belonging to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Central University "Marta Abreu" of Las Villas. The objective of the investigation was to evaluate the effect of annihilation of these alternative treatments in the pest studied (Sitophilus spp) and its effect in the grains object of valuation (sorghum). The best result was obtained with treatment 6, with which 91.66% of elimination of the investigated pest was reached. The worst behavior was obtained with treatment 3 (0%). Different analysis of the soil utilized to see the possible effects of these treatments in the morphological properties of the grain and in the physical chemical properties of the soil were carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was done in the laboratories of the Agricultural Research Center (CIAP) at the University “Marta Abreu" of Las Villas, in Santa Clara from December 2011 to June 2012. The objective was to assess the effect of plants powders of 15 botanical species against Z. subfasciatus in common bean seeds. The organs of the various species of plants were collected in the morning, dried and subsequently ground. The behavior of Z. subfasciatus in the presence of plants powders was evaluated in two tests. In the first tests, a female insect was placed inside the Petri dish; in the other test, six adult insects were released (three males and three females). According to the effect of the plant powders, the botanical species were grouped into three clusters: the first comprised the species with the highest insecticidal properties, the second one comprised those with medium insecticidal properties, and a third one comprising species with no insecticidal activity at all. The cluster formed by epazote, spearmint and understory shrub, Piper arieianum, represented an 18.75 % of the treatments. In the trials treated with the powders of these botanical species no insects were observed and Z. subfasciatus female did not lay eggs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was done in the Insect Pathology Laboratory of the Agricultural Research Center (CIAP) at Marta Abreu Central University of Las Villas. The goal was to determine the effect of the ozone (O3) treatment on the vigor of S. bicolor seeds (variety UDG-110). Germination tests, electrical conductivity test and seedling growth rate tests were conducted. The electrical conductivity was low in the treatment of 48 h. In the 72 h treatment, the conductivity was higher than in the other treatments; but it was not significantly different from the control. Root and shoot length parameters were not affected by ozone. Ozone was proved to enhance the germination percentage, but it does not affect the vigor of S. bicolor seeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) during storage is infested by several insect species within which weevils mentioned as the most important. Because of this, the present study aimed to identify arthropods affecting sorghum seeds stored in the province of Villa Clara, Cuba. For which a diagnosis was made in the 13 municipalities of the province. In the execution of the state facilities and storage sites visited smallholders. Additionally were used historical records of incidents of insects intercepted in sorghum seeds in the period from 1991 to 2012. The information obtained allowed forming a database with the name, order, family, locality and year reported that each of the agencies. In Villa Clara were identified 11 species of arthropods incident on stored grain. Cheyletus malaccensis Oudemans (Trombidiformes: Cheyletidae) and Anisopteromalus calandrae Howard (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) were both beneficial species intercepted; Sitophilus oryzae L. whereas it was more often influenced in stored sorghum.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was carried out from December 2011 to June 2012 in the Pathology of Insect Laboratory of the Agricultural Research center, placed in the central university "Marta Abreu" of Las Villas. The main objective of this research was to asses the effect of ozone treatment on the seed vigor of C. arietinum. Different tests were carried out in order to do so, the germination test, electric conductivity test and emerging in tray test. This work proved that the ozone does not affect the seed vigor of the chickpea (C. arietinum), and during the storing period it stimulated the range of seed germination. The germination speed of the chickpea was not affected in the time seeds were exposed to ozone. The electrical conductivity was lesser in the treatment of those seeds exposed during 56 h with 600, 93 μSiemens/cm average. The length of the root and the stem were not affected by the ozone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lack of chemical fertilizers has stimulated the use of alternatives (such as the use of bioproducts) to increase plant growth and production. The objective of the work was to evaluate the effect of microbial origin CBQ-AgroG® bioproduct on the physiological and agronomic response of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cultivar 'CIAP-7247'. Seeds with basic category and three doses of the CBQ-AgroG® bioproduct (10.0, 20.0 and 30.0 l ha-1) were used and compared with an absolute control and a relative control (Fitomas E, 2.0%). The height, number of leaves per plant, fresh mass, dry mass and leaf area were evaluated. In addition, the agricultural yield and its components were estimated. Plants increased height up to 45 days after sowing. The maximum values of the morphophysiological variables number of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry mass were reached 45 days after sowing. Subsequently, they decreased until reaching physiological maturity. With the doses of 20.0 and 30.0 l ha-1, all the morphophysiological and agronomic indicators reached significantly higher values with respect to the rest of the treatments. The first dose is recommended as it is cheaper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work was carried out at the Laboratory of Insect Pathology of the Center for Agricultural Research (CIAP), located at the Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, with the aim to evaluate the effect of the ozone (O33) treatment on the seed vigor of P. vulgaris. To determine the effect of the ozone on the seed vigor, a germination test, electrical conductivity test and emergency tray test were performed on two common bean varieties (BAT-304 and Delicias-364). Ozone did not affect the vigor of the seeds of the varieties BAT-304 and Delicias-364. The exposure time of P. vulgaris seeds to 150 ppm of O3 did not affect the parameters of germination speed and the percentage of germination of the seeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the objective to determine the effect exerted by vegetable powders of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl) A. Gray, Moringa oleifera (Lam) y Piper auritum Kunth on Sitophilus oryzae L., this experiment was performed. In the execution, adult insects were taken to evaluate the increase of them. Petri dishes of 9 cm with 10 insects were used inside additionally 5 g of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and 0.4 g of powder was added botanical species (T. diversifolia, M. oleifera, P. auritum previously dried at 40 °C for 72 hours and finely ground). At 40 days the test mounted, the number of insects present per plate was counted, and after testing, Z Multiple Comparison was performed using the software Stadistix. The results allowed us to conclude that these plant species are a viable alternative for the control of S. oryzae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this research work was to investigate the effect of the direct seeding and conventional tillage of soybean on the incidence of plagues and natural enemies. The study was carried out on the farm "Día y Noche" of the Basic Unit of Cooperative Production "28 de Octubre" (UBPC, for its Spanish acronym), and in the Laboratories of the Agricultural Research Center of Central University of Las Villas. Field experiments were conducted on an Inceptisol, since November 2013 to May 2014. The soybean cultivar Incasoy - 27 was used. The insects in relation to the development stages of the plant were identified and quantified. In both systems 10 species of phytophagous insects and one of entomophagous insects were quantified; Hedylepta indicata L. stands out with more presence in the direct seeding, while Diabrotica balteata LeConte and the species belong to the family Pentatomidae caused most damage to the plants in conventional tillage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To know the preference of Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera; Curculionidae) for different species of stored grains, the adults of these species were placed, coming from a laboratory breeding in the Center of Agricultural Investigations, in two variants, individually and in groups, in front of different grains of Oryza sativa, Lens culinaris, Canavalia ensiformis, Zea mays, Pisum sativum and Cicer arietinum. The preference of the insect was observed in time on the same ones in each one of the species. Sitophilus oryzae L. prefers in both sexes, the rice before other grains like food and it didn't show preferences for the bean. The behavior grupal of the insect showed a preference marked by the rice followed by the corn, lentil and pisum. In this grains S. oryzae can be reproducing and to feed in them without its biological cycle was affected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo discurre sobre la susceptibilidad de obreras u soldados de Nasutitermes, un tipo de termita, a Heterorhabditis indica, un tipo de nematodo. Los autores comentan sobre las dificultades de erradicar a este insecto y describe el daño ambiental que causa. También se examina la mortalidad de las termitas cuando se introduce los nematodos a la población.