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Risk-reducing operations are an important part of the management of hereditary predisposition to cancer. In selected cases, they can considerably reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with cancer in this population.The Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology (BSSO) developed this guideline to establish national benchmarks for cancer risk-reducing operations.The guideline was prepared from May to December 2021 by a multidisciplinary team of experts to discuss the surgical management of cancer predisposition syndromes. Eleven questions were defined and assigned to expert groups that reviewed the literature and drafted preliminary recommendations. Following a review by the coordinators and a second review by all participants, the groups made final adjustments, classified the level of evidence, and voted on the recommendations.For all questions including risk-reducing colectomy, gastrectomy, and thyroidectomy, a major agreement was achieved by the participants, always using accessible alternatives.This and its accompanying article represent the first guideline in cancer risk reduction surgery developed by the BSSO and it should serve as an important reference for the management of families with cancer predisposition.

To describe the most common ocular lesions and demonstrate the frequency of ophthalmic involvement in a group of cats with systemic sporotrichosis.Two hundred seventy-four cats diagnosed with systemic sporotrichosis. The inclusion criteria included previous positive cytopathological examination, histopathological examination, or fungal culture.In a prospective case-control study, 274 cats diagnosed with systemic sporotrichosis underwent ophthalmic evaluation and received treatment for systemic sporotrichosis. Of these animals, 63 had ocular abnormalities which were recorded, and conjunctivitis was scored from 0 to 5. Diagnostic techniques utilized included fungal culture, as well as cytopathological (10 eyes; 10 cats), and histopathological examination of the palpebral conjunctiva and eyes (2 eyes).Cytopathological and histopathological examination of the conjunctiva, as well as fungal culture, proved to be important tests for the detection of Sporothrix sp. Five cats without the evidence of ophthalmic abnormalities also had a positive fungal culture. The identified ocular lesions in animals with systemic sporotrichosis included increased serous discharge (79 eyes; 53 cats), blepharoconjunctivitis (33 eyes; 25 cats), conjunctivitis (39 eyes, 20 cats), blepharitis (9 eyes; 8 cats), uveitis (5 eyes; 3 cats), and Florida keratopathy-like lesions (2 eyes; 1 cat).Sporotrichosis should be considered a differential diagnosis for conjunctivitis and blepharoconjunctivitis, especially in endemic areas. Fungal culture and cytopathology of ocular discharge and histopathological examinations of the conjunctiva are important for the diagnosis of ophthalmic sporotrichosis, although not all cats underwent laboratory testing in this study. Ocular discharge could be a source of contagion transmission.

Two major concerns associated with cancer development in Paraná state, South Brazil, are environmental pollution and the germline

An analysis of the α + core properties of 104Te along with a global discussion on the α-cluster structure above the double-shell closures is presented from the viewpoint of the local potential model. The α + core interaction is described by a nuclear potential of (1 + Gaussian)×(W.S. + W.S.3) shape with two free parameters, which has been successfully tested in nuclei of different mass regions. The model produces Q α values and α-decay half-lives for 104Te in agreement with the 2018 experimental data of Auranen et al. in the energy range 5.13 MeV Q α 5.3 MeV using an α preformation factor P α = 1 . The comparison of the calculated reduced α-widths for the ground state bands of 104Te, 94Mo and 212Po indicates that 104Te has an α-cluster degree significantly higher than 94Mo and much higher than 212Po. These results point to 104Te as a preferential nucleus for α-clustering in the N , Z = 50 region and corroborate the statement on the superallowed α-decay in 104Te.

Background This communication aims to study the impact of a co-design process involving teachers in the creation of a health education tool for elementary school (a << continuous design in use >> device). Indeed, the simple dissemination of a tool is not enough to make practices evolve and become more effective. Teachers find it difficult to integrate a tool into their daily practices. It therefore appears necessary for teachers to be involved throughout the process of designing the tool and trained so that they feel competent and effective in its use in the classroom. Methods Within the framework of the public health plan of New Caledonia, a pedagogical tool for all elementary schools in the archipelago has been developed in 2018 and 2019. The tool has been made with the teachers and not only for the teachers. This research focused on the impact of the program. 40 schools with 102 teachers and 15 school principals were involved. Qualitative and quantitative approaches made possible the analysis of the teaching practices (classroom activities, usability, usefulness and acceptability of resources). Results 60% of the teachers were involved in the co-creation process. 272 feedbacks were collected providing 817 comments on the implementation of the proposed activities. The majority of the teachers found it relevant, of high quality and adapted to the context of the exercise. Conclusions It emerges from our analysis that the involvement of teachers in a program of << continuous design in use >> favours the appropriation and use of a health education tool in teachers' practices. This has made it possible to shed light on the realities in the field according to the means and places of practice but also to enrich the tool in terms of shared resources and pedagogical practices. Key messages A co-design process of creation of a health education tool is a relevant mean to generate a deep involvement of primary school teachers. Such a design led to the creation of tool recognized by education professionals as being usable, useful and acceptable.

Powerful and versatile transistors are indispensable to realize the vision of future flexible electronics, e.g., for wearable active-matrix displays, smart sensors, or radio-frequency identification tags. Organic thin-film transistors are considered to be a perfect match for flexible electronics. However, conventional organic thin-film transistors still do not match the demanding performance targets of many applications. Furthermore, often complex and expensive fabrication steps are employed for the fabrication of hero-devices, which is not compatible with the paradigm of low-cost production of flexible electronics. In this contribution, we present the first solution-processed vertical organic field-effect transistor (VOFET) with good on-state performance comparable to vacuum-processed VOFETs. This approach unites the advantages of a low-temperature, low-cost solution processing with an ultra-short channel transistor concept possibly enabling large-area, low-cost flexible electronics. We examine the influence of different crystal morphologies (spherulitic and ribbons) on the transistor performance by using spin- and shear-coating as solution-based deposition methods. The solution-processed VOFETs reach channel width-normalized transconductances of up to 0.26 μS/μm with a charge carrier mobility of 4.8 cm 2/V. S-parameter measurements finally verify that transition frequencies up to 6 MHz are reachable with shear-coated TIPS-pentacene. However, compared to small molecule-based VOFETs, the solution-processed VOFETs show an unfavorably high off-state current and hysteresis, which are explained by background doping and charge carrier trapping. Hence, in order to advance with, further optimization of the semiconductor material and the insulator–semiconductor interface is thus required to qualify solution-processed VOFETs for commercial applications.

Submitted by Paulo C??sar da Rocha Fonseca (paulo.cesar@icomp.ufam.edu.br) on 2020-03-03T03:08:07Z No. of bitstreams: 4 paulo-fonseca-tese.pdf: 5120082 bytes, checksum: d20a467732488921828789fdd0b340d1 (MD5) folha-de-aprovacao.pdf: 390377 bytes, checksum: ba70829e5f7299af1bce618af0a5f455 (MD5) Carta de Autorizac??a??o de Encaminhamento.pdf: 210350 bytes, checksum: b2e577dcffdde6bb0fbbdf8ca620c76b (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by PPGI Inform??tica (secretariappgi@icomp.ufam.edu.br) on 2020-03-04T18:01:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 paulo-fonseca-tese.pdf: 5120082 bytes, checksum: d20a467732488921828789fdd0b340d1 (MD5) folha-de-aprovacao.pdf: 390377 bytes, checksum: ba70829e5f7299af1bce618af0a5f455 (MD5) Carta de Autorizac??a??o de Encaminhamento.pdf: 210350 bytes, checksum: b2e577dcffdde6bb0fbbdf8ca620c76b (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Divis??o de Documenta????o/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2020-03-04T20:03:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 paulo-fonseca-tese.pdf: 5120082 bytes, checksum: d20a467732488921828789fdd0b340d1 (MD5) folha-de-aprovacao.pdf: 390377 bytes, checksum: ba70829e5f7299af1bce618af0a5f455 (MD5) Carta de Autorizac??a??o de Encaminhamento.pdf: 210350 bytes, checksum: b2e577dcffdde6bb0fbbdf8ca620c76b (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-04T20:03:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4 paulo-fonseca-tese.pdf: 5120082 bytes, checksum: d20a467732488921828789fdd0b340d1 (MD5) folha-de-aprovacao.pdf: 390377 bytes, checksum: ba70829e5f7299af1bce618af0a5f455 (MD5) Carta de Autorizac??a??o de Encaminhamento.pdf: 210350 bytes, checksum: b2e577dcffdde6bb0fbbdf8ca620c76b (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-11-18 Funda????o de Amparo ?? Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas - FAPEAM The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the default Internet routing protocol that manages connectivity among Autonomous Systems (ASes). Although BGP disruptions are rare when they occur the consequences can be very damaging. Consequently, there has been a considerable effort aimed at understanding what is normal and abnormal BGP traffic and, in so doing, enable potentially disruptive anomalous traffic to be identified quickly. Even though there is an extensive research on anomaly detection, there are two major gaps in current literature: the scarcity of public datasets for all types of events and the lack of a BGP anomaly classification framework that differentiates anomaly classes. Since that there are no public datasets of labeled BGP anomalous events, each model was validated using different datasets, which had to be individually generated for each approach. The absence of common groundwork dataset increases the difficulty in comparing different approaches. The lack of a classification framework hinders the deployment of specific mitigation measures to each anomaly class in an automated fashion. In the current work, we address both problems: 1) We provide a BGP dataset generation tool and publicly available datasets for different anomaly classes. These datasets contain the most used features by previous research efforts and additional novel features; 2) We address the BGP anomaly classification problem by developing a framework that uses deep learning as the core engine of an anomaly detection and classification mechanism. We built a model that exploits different neural network architectures advantages. Both novel features and the BGP anomaly detector and classifier were evaluated and it was demonstrated that they can be used to react to anomalies in real-time and leverage the deployment of different mitigation and coordination strategies to different anomaly classes in an autonomous fashion. The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the default Internet routing protocol that manages connectivity among Autonomous Systems (ASes). Although BGP disruptions are rare when they occur the consequences can be very damaging. Consequently, there has been a considerable effort aimed at understanding what is normal and abnormal BGP traffic and, in so doing, enable potentially disruptive anomalous traffic to be identified quickly. Even though there is an extensive research on anomaly detection, there are two major gaps in current literature: the scarcity of public datasets for all types of events and the lack of a BGP anomaly classification framework that differentiates anomaly classes. Since that there are no public datasets of labeled BGP anomalous events, each model was validated using different datasets, which had to be individually generated for each approach. The absence of common groundwork dataset increases the difficulty in comparing different approaches. The lack of a classification framework hinders the deployment of specific mitigation measures to each anomaly class in an automated fashion. In the current work, we address both problems: 1) We provide a BGP dataset generation tool and publicly available datasets for different anomaly classes. These datasets contain the most used features by previous research efforts and additional novel features; 2) We address the BGP anomaly classification problem by developing a framework that uses deep learning as the core engine of an anomaly detection and classification mechanism. We built a model that exploits different neural network architectures advantages. Both novel features and the BGP anomaly detector and classifier were evaluated and it was demonstrated that they can be used to react to anomalies in real-time and leverage the deployment of different mitigation and coordination strategies to different anomaly classes in an autonomous fashion.

The unstable nuclei 62Ge and 64Ge are analyzed in terms of the α + core structure applying a nuclear potential with (1 + Gaussian)×(W.S. + W.S.3) shape. The ground state bands of 62Ge and 64Ge and first negative parity band of 64Ge are calculated and compared with experimental data. The calculated 64Ge ground state band gives a good account of the experimental energies from 0+ to 8+ state. The rms intercluster separations and B(E2) transition rates are obtained for the 64Ge ground state band and a discussion is presented.

The present work analyzes the α + core structure in 104Te using the local potential model. The α + core interaction is described by a nuclear potential of (1 + Gaussian)×(W.S. + W.S.3) shape. The energy levels, total α widths and rms intercluster separations are determined for the ground state band and compared with a previous calculation which uses a double-folding potential. The two potential forms produce similar spectra between the 0+ and 14+ states. The antistretching effect is predicted for the 104Te ground state band, as is observed in previous α + core calculations in intermediate mass nuclei. An α-decay half-life T1/2,α ≈ 3 ns is predicted for 104Te in the α-decay energy Qα ≈ 5.36 MeV using an α preformation factor P = 1. The calculated T1/2,α value is compatible with the recently reported experimental result on α-decay of 104Te.

We have recently performed a relativistic O(q4) chiral expansion of the two-pion exchange NN potential, and explored its configuration space content by fitting the theoretical expressions to parametrized simply formulas. In order to test the applicability of our parametrized potential, we studied the pion plus production in proton-neutron scattering at threshold an compare our results to the ones given by Reid 93 and v18 potentials. We shown that our results are very close to the v18 potential, which means that the potential is reliable and trustful.

We outline the progress made in the past five years by the S\~ao Paulo group in the development of a two-pion exchange nucleon-nucleon potential within a Lorentz-invariant framework of (baryon) chiral perturbation theory., Comment: 5 pages, Talk given at the 18th International IUPAP Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, August 21-26 2006, Santos, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Obesity is a serious disorder in almost the entire world. It is an important risk factor for a series of conditions that affect and threaten health. Currently, bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for morbid obesity, and in addition to the resulting weight loss, it reduces morbidity in this population. There has been a significant increase in the number of obese patients operated on. Despite the success of bariatric surgery, an important group of patients still present with major postoperative complications. In order for endoscopy to effectively contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of complications deriving from obesity surgery, the gastroenterologist must be aware of the particularities involved in bariatric surgery. The present article is a review of the resulting anatomic aspects of the main surgical techniques employed, the most common postoperative symptoms, the potential complications, and the possibilities that endoscopic diagnosis and treatment offer. Endoscopy is a growing and continuously evolving method in the treatment of bariatric surgery complications. The aim of this review is to contribute to the preparation of gastroenterologists so they can offer adequate endoscopic diagnosis and treatment to this high-risk population.

To evaluate percutaneous single-session sclerotherapy with ethanol without drainage of the sclerosing agent in symptomatic simple renal cysts that require treatment.A prospective series of 30 consecutive patients with symptomatic simple renal cysts with volume of 280.3 +/- 365.23 mL (range 28-1700 mL) estimated by ultrasonography were treated between July 1999 and July 2003. The cysts were punctured with an 18-gauge, 20-cm needle under ultrasound guidance and local anesthesia. A volume of ethanol equivalent to one third of the aspirated volume, up to a maximum of 100 mL, was injected into the cyst and left there. The patients were reassessed at 1, 3, and 6 months.The procedure was technically feasible in all patients. The aspirated volume was 259.8 +/- 265.2 mL (range 30-1900 mL). After 1, 3, and 6 months, the average volume was 52.7 +/- 71.4 mL, 22.7 +/- 43.2 mL, and 11.6 +/- 30.7 mL, respectively. After this period, 28 patients (93%) were asymptomatic, showing total remission of the cyst (17 cases) or at least a 90% decrease (10 cases) or a 50% decrease (1 case) in the initial volume. One patient (3%) had a 50% reduction of the cyst and persistent symptoms, and one patient (3%) had persisting symptoms despite the total remission of the cyst.Single-session percutaneous sclerotherapy with ethanol is a good option for the treatment of symptomatic renal cysts, as it is highly effective and offers the benefits of a less-invasive procedure.

RESUMO – Acidentes petroliferos causam uma elevada toxicidade na fauna e na flora marinhas, o que requer a contencao dos hidrocarbonetos por agentes denominados de biossurfactantes. O trabalho, pois, apresenta o scale up, de frascos de Erlenmeyer para um biorreator de 50 L, da producao do surfactante de Candida guilliermondii cultivada em 4,0% de milhocina, 2,5% de melaco e 2,5% de oleo de soja. Este tensoativo foi submetido ao sorbato com e sem vapor fluente e a tindalizacao fracionada, sendo verificadas as propriedades surfactantes em condicoes de pH, salinidade e aquecimento durante 120 dias. A melhor conservacao foi a de sorbato com vapor com tensao superficial minima de 27,64 mN/m, emulsoes de 100,0% e dispersao maxima de 92,9%. A estimativa do custo, todavia, indicou a reducao de 10,6% dos gastos sob sorbato sem o vapor com propriedades similares. Logo, o biossurfactante produzido em reator deve ser mantido com sorbato e sem vapor para melhor remediar areas contaminadas por petroleo.

Most of recent oil and gas discoveries in Brazil occurred in deepwater fields. Fiber reinforced composite materials present interesting characteristics for offshore applications, such as high specific strength and stiffness, high corrosion resistance, good thermal insula- tion, high structural damping properties, and fatigue resistance. This work deals with the optimum design of laminated composite risers using a genetic algorithm. The design of lam- inated composite risers is very difficult since the strength and stiffness of these components depend on the number of layers and the material, thickness, and orientation of each layer. Thus, the use of the conventional trial-and-error strategy is not adequate and it is necessary to apply optimization techniques. In this work the design variables are the number of layers and the thickness and orientation of each layer. A multi-objective formulation is adopted to minimize the weight and maximize the buckling safety factor of the composite riser. The opti- mization model includes strength and stability constraints and considers multiple load cases. The global analysis of the riser is carried out using the catenary equations and the stress com- putation in the critical locations is performed using the Classical Lamination Theory (CLT) and the theory of thin-walled tubes. The Tsai-Wu failure criteria is used to compute the safety factor. It is important to note that, due to manufacture constraints, the design variables can only assume discrete values. Therefore, a genetic algorithm is used for optimization since it can easily handle discrete variables. In addition to classical genetic operators, as crossover and mutation, this algorithm also includes operators specially designed to handle laminate structures, such as layer swap and layer deletion. The proposed formulation is applied in the design optimization of composite catenary risers with different water depths and top angles.

Synthetic hydroxyapatite was modified with zinc and strontium by two methods: ion exchange and coprecipitation synthesis. Hydroxyapatite and metal modified hydroxyapatite samples were characterized by XRD, ICP-OES, and FTIR-DRS. BSA adsorption experiments were accomplished during 24 hours using 1.0mg/mL of protein. UV spectrometry was used to quantify the protein at 278 nm. The results suggest that metal presence on the surface or in the bulk of hydroxyapatite improves the protein adsorption efficiency. FTIR-DRS showed that the protein main secondary structure ?-Helix is involved in the adsorption process.

We assume that the nuclear potential for distances larger than 2.5 fm is given just by the exchanges of one and two pions and, for the latter, we adopt a model based on chiral symmetry and subthreshold pion-nucleon amplitudes, which contains no free parameters. The predictions produced by this model for nucleon-nucleon observables are calculated and shown to agree well with both experiment and those due to phenomenological potentials., Comment: 16 pages, 12 PS figures included, to appear in Physical Review C

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T14:02:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 paulo cesar.pdf: 2356898 bytes, checksum: 3103951fb7cb8f61e3fd1e03b8817b22 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-30 CAPES - Coordena????o de Aperfei??oamento de Pessoal de N??vel Superior Software-Defined Network (SDN) is a new paradigm that allows the development of innovative network management applications and provides a new way to look for the resolution of problems which exist throughout the Internet today. In order to simplify the task of managing the network most of SDN architectures uses a centralized network management approach. However, such approach raises, among other problems, the issue of a single point of failure, that can compromise the proper functioning of the network. A proven method to achieve a higher level of network resilience is to use a replication technique. The aim of this work is to investigate: (1) how different replication techniques relate to each other, (2) how each one performs on the task of providing resilience to a SDN, and (3) which technique is the most suitable for different scenarios. Replication techniques are mainly classified in two types: passive and active replication.This work is one of the first to address this issue. For the purpose of proof-of-concept, the replication mechanisms implemented work for networks with one switch enabled for SDN protocol. Our results show that replication is a suitable way to increase resilience in a SDN and to build these services for networks using SDN is straightforward and much less complex. Redes definidas por software (Software Defined Networking ou SDN) ?? um novo paradigma para o desenvolvimento de aplica????es inovadoras de gest??o de redes e uma nova forma de olhar para a resolu????o de muitos problemas que existem em toda a Internet hoje. A arquitetura mais popular para a implanta????o deste paradigma ?? o gerenciamento de rede centralizado, uma vez que o seu uso permite simplificar a tarefa complexa e dif??cil de controlar os servi??os de uma rede. Um dos problemas levantados pela abordagem de controle centralizado e amplamente discutido na literatura ?? a quest??o de falha em um ??nico ponto da rede, que pode comprometer negativamente o funcionamento de toda ela. Um m??todo comprovado para alcan??ar um maior n??vel de toler??ncia a falhas ?? a utiliza????o da t??cnica de replica????o. O objetivo deste trabalho ?? dividido em tr??s partes: (1) comparar diferentes t??cnicas de replica????o, (2) verificar como cada uma desempenha a tarefa de proporcionar resili??ncia a uma SDN, e (3) investigar qual t??cnica ?? a mais adequada para diferentes cen??rios. T??cnicas de replica????o s??o principalmente classificadas em dois tipos: de replica????o passiva e ativa. Este trabalho ?? um dos primeiros a tratar este problema. Para fins de prova-de-conceito, os mecanismos de replica????o implementados funcionam para redes com um switch habilitado para o protocolo SDN. Nossos resultados mostram que a replica????o ?? uma forma adequada para aumentar a resili??ncia em uma SDN e construir estes servi??os para redes utilizando SDN ?? muito menos complexo e simples.

The sequence of the intergenic spacer (IGS) of the Brassica rapa rDNA was determined and compared with those of other Cruciferae species. In the 3012-bp IGS, two segments of mostly unique sequence flank a 1.5-kb region consisting of two tandem arrays of repeats. A putative transcription initiation site (TIS) was identified by sequence comparison, 395 bp downstream from the repeat region. The intercalating segment displays unusual sequence patterns, and modelling of its topology predicts intrinsically bent DNA, with two elements of bending centered at positions –118 and –288 relative to the TIS. Comparative analysis of spacers from Cruciferae, revealed a common organization and high sequence similarity in their 5′ and, particularly, 3′ regions, whereas the repeat region upstream of TIS diverges rapidly. The conservation of structural elements, including the bent DNA upstream from the TIS, is discussed in light of their possible involvement in the IGS functions and structure of spacers in common ancestors. Examination of the Cruciferae spacers shows that, in addition to unequal crossover and gene conversion, insertional mutagenesis and replication slippage are molecular mechanisms significantly contributing to their evolution.

We review the main achievements of the research programme for the study of nuclear forces in the framework of chiral symmetry and discuss some problems which are still open., Comment: Talk given at The Third Asia-Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, July 2005

We have recently performed a relativistic $O({q}^{4})$ chiral expansion of the two-pion exchange $NN$ potential, and here we explore its configuration space content. Interactions are determined by three families of diagrams, two of which involve just ${g}_{A}$ and ${f}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}$, whereas the third one depends on empirical coefficients fixed by subthreshold $\ensuremath{\pi}N$ data. In this sense, the calculation has no adjusted parameters and gives rise to predictions, which are tested against phenomenological potentials. The dynamical structure of the eight leading nonrelativistic components of the interaction is investigated and, in most cases, found to be clearly dominated by a well defined class of diagrams. In particular, the central isovector and spin-orbit, spin-spin, and tensor isoscalar terms are almost completely fixed by just ${g}_{A}$ and ${f}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}$. The convergence of the chiral series in powers of the ratio (pion mass∕nucleon mass) is studied as a function of the internucleon distance and, for $rg1\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{fm}$, found to be adequate for most components of the potential. An important exception is the dominant central isoscalar term, where the convergence is evident only for $rg2.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{fm}.$ Finally, we compare the spatial behavior of the functions that enter the relativistic and heavy baryon formulations of the interaction and find that, in the region of physical interest, they differ by about $5%$.

Resource limitation on management scripts has been an important requirement for distributed management environments. This article proposes a Script MIB extension with new objects able to control the usage of specific resources (physical memory, processing cycles, among others) for each script launched inside the distributed environment.

Proper implantation and placental formation are crucial for the continuity of mammalian species. Embryonic and placental developments are under intense genetic and epigenetic control, such as the regulation of differentiation of pluripotent cells into highly specialised fetal and placental cells. In the present study the objectives were to evaluate expression and epigenetic control of the imprinted gene PHLDA2, a maternally expressed gene that appears to be a regulator of placental growth, in cotyledonary and inter-cotyledonary tissues of bovine placentas on Day 60 of pregnancies produced by embryo transfer (ET; n = 3), in vitro fertilization (IVF; n = 5), and nuclear transfer (NT; n = 6), by real time PCR (qPCR). In vitro culture of IVF and NT embryos was performed in SOF medium supplemented with 2.5% fetal bovine serum, at 39°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 and 5% O2 for 7 days. For evaluation of gene expression, gene-specific standard curves were used, and results were analysed as a ratio to 2 separate housekeeping controls (GAPDH and β-actin). Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by qPCR (ChIP-qPCR; precipitated/total input DNA) was also performed on the proximal promoter region of PHLDA2, with antibodies against H3K4me2 (permissive histone modification) and H3K9me2 (inhibitory histone modification) in these samples. Products of the ChIP-qPCR for PHLDA2 were digested with a restriction enzyme (AciI) that recognises a specific sequence of the maternal allele (Bos indicus), separating it visually on a gel, from the paternal allele (Bos taurus). Digestion products were separated on a 3% agarose gel, and ethidium bromide was used for visualisation. ImageJ (NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA) was used to analyse band intensity. Gene expression, ChIP, and digestion data were analysed using the least-squares ANOVA and the general linear model procedures (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Further comparison of means was performed using Duncan's multiple range test (P

To evaluate the reliability, magnitude and direction of the resulting bias in the application of a screening instrument for mental disorders by considering proxy informants in comparison to primary informants.Data are taken from a general morbidity community-based survey carried out in 520 randomly selected households of an industrial area of the Metropolitan Region of Salvador, the capital of Bahia state, Brazil. During the pilot phase, the first 70 families of the total sample were asked to participate in the evaluation of research instruments. The Questionnaire of Adult Psychiatric Morbidity, QAPM, consists of 44 questions about psychiatric symptoms widely used in Brazil. The husbands and wives of the selected families answered QAPM questions regarding themselves and their respective partners. One family refused to participate. The Kappa index was estimated for each QAPM question. To assess the magnitude and direction of bias, the proportional variation of prevalence was estimated from proxy and primary respondents. Each informant was analyzed as a primary informant when answering about his/her own symptoms and as a proxy informant when answering those about his/her partner.Proxy informants as compared to primary informants show weak reliability, as measured by the Kappa Index, particularly when husbands reported on their wives' symptoms. An overall underestimation of prevalence estimates was found, which reveals the potential negative bias with the use of proxy informants for psychological symptoms. No bias was found for only two questions (lack of appetite and globus hystericus) when women were taken as proxy informants for their husbands. In addition, departures of proxy informants from primary informant-based estimates were greater among men than to women.Proxy informants underestimate the occurrence of psychological symptoms in this community-based study. When the feasibility of a research project, based on the QAPM depends on the use of proxies, wives may be recommended as better informants than their husbands.

We show that chiral symmetry is responsible for large cancellations in the two-pion exchange nucleon-nucleon interaction, which are similar to those occuring in free pion-nucleon scattering., REVTEX style, 5 pages, 3 PostScrip figures compressed, tarred and uuencoded

We argue that the minimal chiral background for the two-pion exchange nucleon-nucleon interaction has nowadays a rather firm conceptual basis, which entitles it to become a standard ingredient of any modern potential. In order to facilitate applications, we present a parametrized version of a configuration space potential derived previously. We then use it to assess the phenomenological contents of some existing NN potentials., REVTEX style, 16 pages, 5 PostScript figures compressed, tarred and uuencoded

We evaluate the two pion exchange contribution to the nucleon-nucleon potential in configuration space using a minimal chiral model containing only pions and nucleons. The scalar-isoscalar component of the interaction is relatively small, due to cancellations between large terms, and fails to reproduce the intermediate range attraction in the central channel. We show that these results do not depend on how chiral symmetry is implemented.

Report of an early case of Shy-Drager syndrome in a 67 year-old woman patient. Autonomic failure was diagnosed by functional evaluation as well as laboratory tests. MR imaging disclosed a prominent putamina hypodensity in T2-weighted images at high field strength due to iron increased depositing in this basal ganglia. MR imaging evidences confirm Shy-Drager syndrome diagnosis, and contributes for differential diagnosis of idiopathic hypotension (pure autonomic failure) in special in SDS early cases.

A 32 channel data acquisition system for the survey of intercostal muscle activity in the cat has been developed. Electromyographic signals, picked up by electrodes implanted in the intercostal muscles, are conditioned to be digitised and recorded on a magnetic tape through an on-line digital computer. In this signal conditioning, significant importance is given to motor unit selection and weighing, according to their size and distance from the electrode pick up point. A low pass-filter, with a response time course similar to the one observed in the twitch of the intercostal muscles of the cat, is also used. Since data obtained in the process is time locked, synchronised multichannel time domain analysis can be achieved.