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1. Temperature stability in the sub-milliHertz band with LISA Pathfinder

Author: M Armano, H Audley, J Baird, P Binetruy, M Born, D Bortoluzzi, E Castelli, A Cavalleri, A Cesarini, A M Cruise, K Danzmann, M de Deus Silva, I Diepholz, G Dixon, R Dolesi, L Ferraioli, V Ferroni, E D Fitzsimons, M Freschi, L Gesa, F Gibert, D Giardini, R Giusteri, C Grimani, J Grzymisch, I Harrison, G Heinzel, M Hewitson, D Hollington, D Hoyland, M Hueller, H Inchauspé, O Jennrich, P Jetzer, N Karnesis, B Kaune, N Korsakova, C J Killow, J A Lobo, I Lloro, L Liu, J P López-Zaragoza, R Maarschalkerweerd, D Mance, C Mansanet, V Martín, L Martin-Polo, J Martino, F Martin-Porqueras, I Mateos, P W McNamara, J Mendes, L Mendes, N Meshksar, M Nofrarias, S Paczkowski, M Perreur-Lloyd, A Petiteau, P Pivato, E Plagnol, J Ramos-Castro, J Reiche, D I Robertson, F Rivas, G Russano, J Sanjuán, J Slutsky, C F Sopuerta, T Sumner, D Texier, J I Thorpe, C Trenkel, D Vetrugno, S Vitale, G Wanner, H Ward, P J Wass, D Wealthy, W J Weber, L Wissel, A Wittchen, and P Zweifel
Published: 2019
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2. Novel methods to measure the gravitational constant in space

Author: M. Armano, H. Audley, J. Baird, P. Binetruy, M. Born, D. Bortoluzzi, E. Castelli, A. Cavalleri, A. Cesarini, A. M. Cruise, K. Danzmann, M. de Deus Silva, I. Diepholz, G. Dixon, R. Dolesi, L. Ferraioli, V. Ferroni, E. D. Fitzsimons, M. Freschi, L. Gesa, F. Gibert, D. Giardini, R. Giusteri, C. Grimani, J. Grzymisch, I. Harrison, M-S Hartig, G. Heinzel, M. Hewitson, D. Hollington, D. Hoyland, M. Hueller, H. Inchauspé, O. Jennrich, P. Jetzer, N. Karnesis, B. Kaune, N. Korsakova, C. J. Killow, J. A. Lobo, L. Liu, J. P. López-Zaragoza, R. Maarschalkerweerd, D. Mance, N. Meshksar, V. Martín, L. Martin-Polo, J. Martino, F. Martin-Porqueras, P. W. McNamara, J. Mendes, L. Mendes, M. Nofrarias, S. Paczkowski, M. Perreur-Lloyd, A. Petiteau, P. Pivato, E. Plagnol, J. Ramos-Castro, J. Reiche, D. I. Robertson, F. Rivas, G. Russano, J. Slutsky, C. F. Sopuerta, T. Sumner, D. Texier, J. I. Thorpe, C. Trenkel, D. Vetrugno, S. Vitale, G. Wanner, H. Ward, P. J. Wass, W. J. Weber, L. Wissel, A. Wittchen, and P. Zweifel
Published: 2019
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3. Precision charge control for isolated free-falling test masses: LISA pathfinder results

Author: M. Armano, H. Audley, J. Baird, P. Binetruy, M. Born, D. Bortoluzzi, E. Castelli, A. Cavalleri, A. Cesarini, A. M. Cruise, K. Danzmann, M. de Deus Silva, I. Diepholz, G. Dixon, R. Dolesi, L. Ferraioli, V. Ferroni, E. D. Fitzsimons, M. Freschi, L. Gesa, D. Giardini, F. Gibert, R. Giusteri, C. Grimani, J. Grzymisch, I. Harrison, G. Heinzel, M. Hewitson, D. Hollington, D. Hoyland, M. Hueller, H. Inchauspé, O. Jennrich, P. Jetzer, N. Karnesis, B. Kaune, N. Korsakova, C. J. Killow, L. Liu, I. Lloro, J. A. Lobo, J. P. López-Zaragoza, R. Maarschalkerweerd, F. Mailland, D. Mance, V. Martín, L. Martin-Polo, F. Martin-Porqueras, J. Martino, I. Mateos, P. W. McNamara, J. Mendes, L. Mendes, N. Meshskar, M. Nofrarias, S. Paczkowski, M. Perreur-Lloyd, A. Petiteau, M. Pfeil, P. Pivato, E. Plagnol, J. Ramos-Castro, J. Reiche, D. I. Robertson, F. Rivas, G. Russano, G. Santoruvo, P. Sarra, D. Shaul, J. Slutsky, C. F. Sopuerta, T. Sumner, D. Texier, J. I. Thorpe, C. Trenkel, D. Vetrugno, S. Vitale, G. Wanner, H. Ward, S. Waschke, P. J. Wass, W. J. Weber, L. Wissel, A. Wittchen, and P. Zweifel
Published: 2018
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4. ADAM - Advanced DC and AC Magnetic Verification for the Lisa Mission and Beyond

Author: M. Pudney, C. Trenkel, J. Lange, K. Bubeck, S. Engelke, A. Junge, and L. Trougnou
Published: 2022

5. Capacitive sensing of test mass motion with nanometer precision over millimeter-wide sensing gaps for space-borne gravitational reference sensors

Author: M. Armano, H. Audley, G. Auger, J. Baird, M. Bassan, P. Binetruy, M. Born, D. Bortoluzzi, N. Brandt, M. Caleno, A. Cavalleri, A. Cesarini, A. M. Cruise, K. Danzmann, M. de Deus Silva, R. De Rosa, L. Di Fiore, I. Diepholz, G. Dixon, R. Dolesi, N. Dunbar, L. Ferraioli, V. Ferroni, E. D. Fitzsimons, R. Flatscher, M. Freschi, C. García Marirrodriga, R. Gerndt, L. Gesa, F. Gibert, D. Giardini, R. Giusteri, A. Grado, C. Grimani, J. Grzymisch, I. Harrison, G. Heinzel, M. Hewitson, D. Hollington, D. Hoyland, M. Hueller, H. Inchauspé, O. Jennrich, P. Jetzer, B. Johlander, N. Karnesis, B. Kaune, N. Korsakova, C. J. Killow, J. A. Lobo, I. Lloro, L. Liu, J. P. López-Zaragoza, R. Maarschalkerweerd, D. Mance, V. Martín, L. Martin-Polo, J. Martino, F. Martin-Porqueras, S. Madden, I. Mateos, P. W. McNamara, J. Mendes, L. Mendes, N. Meshksar, M. Nofrarias, S. Paczkowski, M. Perreur-Lloyd, A. Petiteau, P. Pivato, E. Plagnol, P. Prat, U. Ragnit, J. Ramos-Castro, J. Reiche, D. I. Robertson, H. Rozemeijer, F. Rivas, G. Russano, P. Sarra, A. Schleicher, J. Slutsky, C. F. Sopuerta, R. Stanga, T. J. Sumner, D. Texier, J. I. Thorpe, C. Trenkel, M. Tröbs, D. Vetrugno, S. Vitale, G. Wanner, H. Ward, P. J. Wass, D. Wealthy, W. J. Weber, L. Wissel, A. Wittchen, A. Zambotti, C. Zanoni, T. Ziegler, and P. Zweifel
Published: 2017
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6. Charge-Induced Force Noise on Free-Falling Test Masses: Results from LISA Pathfinder

Author: M. Armano, H. Audley, G. Auger, J. T. Baird, P. Binetruy, M. Born, D. Bortoluzzi, N. Brandt, A. Bursi, M. Caleno, A. Cavalleri, A. Cesarini, M. Cruise, K. Danzmann, M. de Deus Silva, I. Diepholz, R. Dolesi, N. Dunbar, L. Ferraioli, V. Ferroni, E. D. Fitzsimons, R. Flatscher, M. Freschi, J. Gallegos, C. García Marirrodriga, R. Gerndt, L. Gesa, F. Gibert, D. Giardini, R. Giusteri, C. Grimani, J. Grzymisch, I. Harrison, G. Heinzel, M. Hewitson, D. Hollington, M. Hueller, J. Huesler, H. Inchauspé, O. Jennrich, P. Jetzer, B. Johlander, N. Karnesis, B. Kaune, C. J. Killow, N. Korsakova, I. Lloro, L. Liu, J. P. López-Zaragoza, R. Maarschalkerweerd, S. Madden, D. Mance, V. Martín, L. Martin-Polo, J. Martino, F. Martin-Porqueras, I. Mateos, P. W. McNamara, J. Mendes, L. Mendes, A. Moroni, M. Nofrarias, S. Paczkowski, M. Perreur-Lloyd, A. Petiteau, P. Pivato, E. Plagnol, P. Prat, U. Ragnit, J. Ramos-Castro, J. Reiche, J. A. Romera Perez, D. I. Robertson, H. Rozemeijer, F. Rivas, G. Russano, P. Sarra, A. Schleicher, J. Slutsky, C. Sopuerta, T. J. Sumner, D. Texier, J. I. Thorpe, C. Trenkel, D. Vetrugno, S. Vitale, G. Wanner, H. Ward, P. J. Wass, D. Wealthy, W. J. Weber, A. Wittchen, C. Zanoni, T. Ziegler, and P. Zweifel
Published: 2017
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7. Sub-Femto-gFree Fall for Space-Based Gravitational Wave Observatories: LISA Pathfinder Results

Author: M. Armano, H. Audley, G. Auger, J. T. Baird, M. Bassan, P. Binetruy, M. Born, D. Bortoluzzi, N. Brandt, M. Caleno, L. Carbone, A. Cavalleri, A. Cesarini, G. Ciani, G. Congedo, A. M. Cruise, K. Danzmann, M. de Deus Silva, R. De Rosa, M. Diaz-Aguiló, L. Di Fiore, I. Diepholz, G. Dixon, R. Dolesi, N. Dunbar, L. Ferraioli, V. Ferroni, W. Fichter, E. D. Fitzsimons, R. Flatscher, M. Freschi, A. F. García Marín, C. García Marirrodriga, R. Gerndt, L. Gesa, F. Gibert, D. Giardini, R. Giusteri, F. Guzmán, A. Grado, C. Grimani, A. Grynagier, J. Grzymisch, I. Harrison, G. Heinzel, M. Hewitson, D. Hollington, D. Hoyland, M. Hueller, H. Inchauspé, O. Jennrich, P. Jetzer, U. Johann, B. Johlander, N. Karnesis, B. Kaune, N. Korsakova, C. J. Killow, J. A. Lobo, I. Lloro, L. Liu, J. P. López-Zaragoza, R. Maarschalkerweerd, D. Mance, V. Martín, L. Martin-Polo, J. Martino, F. Martin-Porqueras, S. Madden, I. Mateos, P. W. McNamara, J. Mendes, L. Mendes, A. Monsky, D. Nicolodi, M. Nofrarias, S. Paczkowski, M. Perreur-Lloyd, A. Petiteau, P. Pivato, E. Plagnol, P. Prat, U. Ragnit, B. Raïs, J. Ramos-Castro, J. Reiche, D. I. Robertson, H. Rozemeijer, F. Rivas, G. Russano, J. Sanjuán, P. Sarra, A. Schleicher, D. Shaul, J. Slutsky, C. F. Sopuerta, R. Stanga, F. Steier, T. Sumner, D. Texier, J. I. Thorpe, C. Trenkel, M. Tröbs, H. B. Tu, D. Vetrugno, S. Vitale, V. Wand, G. Wanner, H. Ward, C. Warren, P. J. Wass, D. Wealthy, W. J. Weber, L. Wissel, A. Wittchen, A. Zambotti, C. Zanoni, T. Ziegler, and P. Zweifel
Published: 2016
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8. Spacecraft and interplanetary contributions to the magnetic environment on-board LISA Pathfinder

Author: Daniele Vetrugno, L. Martin-Polo, Pierre Binétruy, J. Martino, C. Trenkel, P. Pivato, L. Liu, E. Castelli, F. Martin-Porqueras, Lluis Gesa, L. Wissel, D. Giardini, Gerhard Heinzel, R. Giusteri, A. Cesarini, G. Russano, R. Maarschalkerweerd, Ignacio Mateos, F. Rivas, N. Korsakova, Nikolaos Karnesis, L. Ferraioli, M. Born, D. Mance, J. Baird, James Ira Thorpe, Antoine Petiteau, Rita Dolesi, B. Kaune, Gudrun Wanner, W. J. Weber, Paul McNamara, Eric Plagnol, V. Martín, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, Jacob Slutsky, Valerio Ferroni, Juan Ramos-Castro, D. Texier, Christian J. Killow, Carlos F. Sopuerta, D. Hoyland, Michele Armano, Martin Hewitson, D. I. Robertson, J. Grzymisch, Daniele Telloni, Mauro Hueller, Daniel Hollington, Ph. Jetzer, H. Ward, Heather Audley, José F. F. Mendes, Daniele Bortoluzzi, A. M. Cruise, G. Dixon, E.D. Fitzsimons, Antonella Cavalleri, J. Reiche, M. Freschi, M.-S. Hartig, H. Inchauspe, P. Zweifel, L. Mendes, Karsten Danzmann, D. Wealthy, Ingo Diepholz, Miquel Nofrarías, Peter Wass, D. Roma-Dollase, J. A. Lobo, S. Paczkowski, Catia Grimani, M. de Deus Silva, Oliver Jennrich, A. Wittchen, Tamara Sumner, J. P. López-Zaragoza, Ferran Gibert, I. Harrison, S. Vitale, N. Meshksar, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: Gravitational-wave observatory, magnetic moment, magnetic fields, 01 natural sciences, Interplanetary magnetic field, space vehicles: instruments, Física::Relativitat::Gravitació [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, magnetic field: fluctuation, susceptibility: magnetic, Physics, Magnetic moment, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, solar, Magnetic field, observatory, Solar wind, gravitational waves, SOLAR-WIND, Physical Sciences, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, geodesic, noise, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, gravitational waves -magnetic fields -space vehicles: instruments, Gravitational waves, Ones gravitacionals, 0103 physical sciences, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), LISA, Science & Technology, Spacecraft, business.industry, gravitational radiation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space vehicles, stability, sensitivity, Magnetic susceptibility, Computational physics, Space and Planetary Science, Magnetic fields, Interplanetary spaceflight, business, Instruments
Abstract: LISA Pathfinder (LPF) has been a space-based mission designed to test new technologies that will be required for a gravitational wave observatory in space. Magnetically driven forces play a key role in the instrument sensitivity in the low-frequency regime (mHz and below), the measurement band of interest for a space-based observatory. The magnetic field can couple to the magnetic susceptibility and remanent magnetic moment from the test masses and disturb them from their geodesic movement. LISA Pathfinder carried on-board a dedicated magnetic measurement subsystem with noise levels of 10 $ \rm nT \ Hz^{-1/2}$ from 1 Hz down to 1 mHz. In this paper we report on the magnetic measurements throughout LISA Pathfinder operations. We characterise the magnetic environment within the spacecraft, study the time evolution of the magnetic field and its stability down to 20 $\mu$Hz, where we measure values around 200 $ \rm nT \ Hz^{-1/2}$ and identify two different frequency regimes, one related to the interplanetary magnetic field and the other to the magnetic field originating inside the spacecraft. Finally, we characterise the non-stationary component of the fluctuations of the magnetic field below the mHz and relate them to the dynamics of the solar wind., Comment: 16 pages, 17 figures. MNRAS LaTeX style file version 3.0
Published: 2020

9. Advances in Reaction Wheel Design for Magnetic Cleanliness

Author: S. Strandmoe, S. King, M. Pudney, M. Ehinger, F. Liebold, C. Trenkel, and P. Meyer
Subjects: Disturbance (geology), Spacecraft, business.industry, Magnetometer, Context (language use), Reaction wheel, law.invention, Attitude control, Orbiter, law, Physics::Space Physics, Environmental science, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Aerospace engineering, business, Magnetic levitation
Abstract: Scientific spacecraft that measure the local magnetic environment in which they fly need to minimize any disturbance caused by the spacecraft itself. Attitude control reaction wheels, often accommodated to meet pointing requirements, are a known source of disturbance to both the DC and AC magnetic fields. Previous missions (such as on Cassini and MESSENGER) have typically reduced the disturbance effect by using a shield applied externally on standard commercial wheels. We present a reaction wheel assembly that applies a broader strategy of both internal and external disturbance field reductions within the context of the Solar Orbiter mission. Compared to standard commercial wheels with no mitigation, a resulting improvement of the magnetic field generated at the fundamental rotation rate of the reaction wheel by approximately 100dB is predicted.
Published: 2019

10. Reliable Distance Scaling of AC Magnetic Fields for Space Mission Verification Campaigns

Author: Z. Tenacci, K. Bubeck, J. Lange, A. Junge, S. Engelke, and C. Trenkel
Subjects: Field (physics), Spacecraft, Magnetometer, Computer science, business.industry, Test method, Reaction wheel, Space exploration, law.invention, law, Device under test, Aerospace engineering, business, Space environment
Abstract: Present and future space missions place ever more stringent requirements on the emission of AC magnetic fields from space hardware, from individual equipment to spacecraft level. In order to ensure that these missions will meet their target sensitivity, test methods are required that allow the verification of these requirements on ground, prior to launch. Because the typical ground environment is noisier than the space environment, a classical approach is to characterise a unit under test at close distances, where the signal can be measured above the environmental noise, and then to extrapolate to the actual distance of interest. However, at close distance, the field complexity can increase considerably, and the reliable distance scaling of magnetic fields is a significant challenge. This spatial complexity applies already for static fields (DC). For time-varying fields (AC), a further complication is that the field oscillates at different positions in space in different directions, and the temporal and spatial link between the near-field measurement and extrapolated positions must be correctly covered. In the frame of a research and development activity in ESA's Technology Research Programme, we have developed and validated a new test method, focusing on magnetic fields of frequencies up to 50 kHz. This method is based on the spherical multipole expansion of magnetic fields, and on the use of an array of magnetometers to map the field around the unit under test. The decomposition of the fields into multipolar orders automatically provides the correct distance scaling law. In addition, the ability to distinguish sources enclosed by the sensor array (the unit under test) from sources outside (the environment) enables the efficient suppression of environmental noise. The activity covered all stages: from the initial requirement review, through the development of extensive analysis tools and test setup design, to hardware selection and procurement, programming of a data processing software library, to manufacturing of support equipment and eventual validation by test with flight representative hardware. We successfully scaled the AC magnetic emissions from real units, measured at close distance, to larger distances. The agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental observations at the larger distance was excellent. For one unit, a reaction wheel, we accurately extrapolated AC magnetic fields of up to octupolar order (these fields scale with distance as 1/R5). Our test method sets a new standard, as far as reliable AC magnetic field distance scaling is concerned, and a measure of its success is that it is already in use for magnetic AC characterisation of units for the JUICE spacecraft. JUICE is the first large-class mission in ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015–2025 programme and is planned to launch in 2022.
Published: 2019

11. Novel methods to measure the gravitational constant in space

Author: J. P. López-Zaragoza, Ferran Gibert, S. Paczkowski, Antoine Petiteau, Paul McNamara, J. A. Lobo, Luigi Ferraioli, L. Wissel, Domenico Giardini, F. Rivas, Gerhard Heinzel, W. J. Weber, Daniele Bortoluzzi, L. Mendes, Carlos F. Sopuerta, B. Kaune, Gudrun Wanner, M. S. Hartig, N. Meshksar, Miquel Nofrarías, Juan Ramos-Castro, Víctor S. Martín, F. Martin-Porqueras, Daniele Vetrugno, M. de Deus Silva, Daniel Hollington, Davor Mance, Pierre Binétruy, T. J. Sumner, L. Liu, A. M. Cruise, Ph. Jetzer, Lluis Gesa, D. Texier, E. Castelli, Christian J. Killow, Jacob Slutsky, Valerio Ferroni, James Ira Thorpe, R. Maarschalkerweerd, J. Baird, A. Wittchen, Antonella Cavalleri, P. Pivato, José F. F. Mendes, J. Reiche, D. Hoyland, E. D. Fitzsimons, A. Cesarini, G. Russano, Nikolaos Karnesis, M. Born, N. Korsakova, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, R. Giusteri, Eric Plagnol, Karsten Danzmann, Catia Grimani, G. Dixon, S. Vitale, M. Hewitson, Ingo Diepholz, Peter Zweifel, Peter Wass, Rita Dolesi, L. Martin-Polo, J. Grzymisch, H. Ward, D. I. Robertson, Michele Armano, M. Freschi, J. Martino, C. Trenkel, Ian Harrison, Henri Inchauspe, M. Hueller, Heather Audley, Oliver Jennrich, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), LISA Pathfinder, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Astrofísica, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General physics, Mechanics, Astrophysics, Space (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), Cosmology, Laboratory studies of gravity, Gravitation, Gravitational constant, Acceleration, Pathfinder, cosmic rays, Física::Astronomia i astrofísica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Experiments in gravity, 010306 general physics, Suspension (vehicle), cosmology, Cosmology and astrophysics
Abstract: International audience; We present two novel methods, tested by LISA Pathfinder, to measure the gravitational constant G for the first time in space. Experiment 1 uses electrostatic suspension forces to measure a change in acceleration of a test mass due to a displaced source mass. Experiment 2 measures a change in relative acceleration between two test masses due to a slowly varying fuel tank mass. Experiment 1 gave a value of G=6.71±0.42(×10-11) m3 s-2 kg-1 and experiment 2 gave 6.15±0.35(×10-11) m3 s-2 kg-1, both consistent with each other to 1σ and with the CODATA 2014 recommended value of 6.67408±0.00031(×10-11) m3 s-2 kg-1 to 2σ. We outline several ideas to improve the results for a future experiment, and we suggest that a measurement in space would isolate many terrestrial issues that could be responsible for the inconsistencies between recent measurements.
Published: 2019

12. Micrometeoroid Events in LISA Pathfinder

Author: Ignacio Mateos, St Drs Operations Team, J. Grzymisch, H. Ward, D. Wealthy, H. Rozemeijer, J. A. Lobo, Gerhard Heinzel, Nicole Pagane, A. Zambotti, S. Paczkowski, Ivan Lloro, Ph. Jetzer, Antoine Petiteau, Paul McNamara, P. Prat, José F. F. Mendes, Daniele Bortoluzzi, N. Brandt, Nikolaos Karnesis, James Ira Thorpe, R. De Rosa, Michael Tröbs, Carlos F. Sopuerta, Michele Armano, L. Mendes, C. Zanoni, Davor Mance, J. O’Donnell, Daniele Vetrugno, B. Johlander, Lluis Gesa, G. Auger, Curt Cutler, John Ziemer, M. Freschi, Henri Inchauspe, A. Schleicher, F. Martin-Porqueras, M. Girard, M. Hewitson, D. Shaul, R. Maarschalkerweerd, Karsten Danzmann, T. J. Sumner, D. Texier, E. D. Fitzsimons, F. Rivas, Daniel Hollington, L. Liu, Oliver Jennrich, Miquel Nofrarías, P. Pivato, A. M. Cruise, W. J. Weber, R. Giusteri, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, John G. Baker, P. Sarra, Tobias Ziegler, N. Korsakova, Aniello Grado, Heather Audley, Peter Wass, Tyson Littenberg, Gudrun Wanner, Sophie Hourihane, Pierre Binétruy, Antonella Cavalleri, L. Di Fiore, R. Gerndt, Jacob Slutsky, Valerio Ferroni, S. Vitale, Christian J. Killow, B. Kaune, C. Trenkel, S. Madden, Diego Janches, Juan Ramos-Castro, D. Hoyland, C. Marrese-Reading, J. Reiche, Rita Dolesi, N. Dunbar, Catia Grimani, P. Barela, C. Dunn, C. García Marirrodriga, A. Wittchen, R. Flatscher, P. Maghami, U. Ragnit, I. Li, Ruggero Stanga, Mauro Hueller, Nate Demmons, S. Javidnia, Petr Pokorny, G. Dixon, J. P. López-Zaragoza, M. Born, A. Cesarini, G. Russano, Ferran Gibert, J. Martino, J. Baird, Massimo Bassan, O. Hsu, Andrew Romero-Wolf, L. Wissel, Ingo Diepholz, M. de Deus Silva, Luigi Ferraioli, Eric Plagnol, V. Martín, Domenico Giardini, M. Caleno, D. I. Robertson, Peter Zweifel, J. Mehta, L. Martin-Polo, I. Harrison, Thorpe, J. I., Slutsky, J., Baker, J. G., Littenberg, T. B., Hourihane, S., Pagane, N., Pokorny, P., Janches, D., Armano, M., Audley, H., Auger, G., Baird, J., Bassan, M., Binetruy, P., Born, M., Bortoluzzi, D., Brandt, N., Caleno, M., Cavalleri, A., Cesarini, A., Cruise, A. M., Danzmann, K., De Deus Silva, M., DE ROSA, Rosario, Di Fiore, L., Diepholz, I., Dixon, G., Dolesi, R., Dunbar, N., Ferraioli, L., Ferroni, V., Fitzsimons, E. D., Flatscher, R., Freschi, M., Garcia Marirrodriga, C., Gerndt, R., Gesa, L., Gibert, F., Giardini, D., Giusteri, R., Grado, A., Grimani, C., Grzymisch, J., Harrison, I., Heinzel, G., Hewitson, M., Hollington, D., Hoyland, D., Hueller, M., Inchauspe, H., Jennrich, O., Jetzer, P., Johlander, B., Karnesis, N., Kaune, B., Korsakova, N., Killow, C. J., Lobo, J. A., Lloro, I., Liu, L., Lopez-Zaragoza, J. P., Maarschalkerweerd, R., Mance, D., Martin, V., Martin-Polo, L., Martino, J., Martin-Porqueras, F., Madden, S., Mateos, I., Mcnamara, P. W., Mendes, J., Mendes, L., Nofrarias, M., Paczkowski, S., Perreur-Lloyd, M., Petiteau, A., Pivato, P., Plagnol, E., Prat, P., Ragnit, U., Ramos-Castro, J., Reiche, J., Robertson, D. I., Rozemeijer, H., Rivas, F., Russano, G., Sarra, P., Schleicher, A., Shaul, D., Sopuerta, C. F., Stanga, R., Sumner, T., Texier, D., Trenkel, C., Trobs, M., Vetrugno, D., Vitale, S., Wanner, G., Ward, H., Wass, P., Wealthy, D., Weber, W. J., Wissel, L., Wittchen, A., Zambotti, A., Zanoni, C., Ziegler, T., Zweifel, P., Barela, P., Cutler, C., Demmons, N., Dunn, C., Girard, M., Hsu, O., Javidnia, S., Li, I., Maghami, P., Marrese-Reading, C., Mehta, J., Romero-Wolf, A., Ziemer, J., AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, and Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
Subjects: Astrofísica, Solar System, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Meteors, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Planet, meteoroids, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), 0306 Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Settore FIS/01, Physics, Sistema solar, education.field_of_study, Micrometeoroid, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Meteoroids, instrumentation: miscellaneous, meteorites, meteors, meteoroids, Asteroid, Physical Sciences, 0202 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, miscellaneous [Instrumentation], Solar system, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, meteorites, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, 0103 physical sciences, meteors, education, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Science & Technology, Zodiacal light, Meteoroid, instrumentation: miscellaneou, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, miscellaneous, meteorites, meteors, meteoroids [instrumentation], Pathfinder, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Física::Astronomia i astrofísica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Enginyeria electrònica::Instrumentació i mesura [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], ORBITS, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Meteorites
Abstract: The zodiacal dust complex, a population of dust and small particles that pervades the Solar System, provides important insight into the formation and dynamics of planets, comets, asteroids, and other bodies. Here we present a new set of data obtained using a novel technique: direct measurements of momentum transfer to a spacecraft from individual particle impacts. This technique is made possible by the extreme precision of the instruments flown on the LISA Pathfinder spacecraft, a technology demonstrator for a future space-based gravitational wave observatory that operated near the first Sun-Earth Lagrange point from early 2016 through Summer of 2017. Using a simple model of the impacts and knowledge of the control system, we show that it is possible to detect impacts and measure properties such as the transferred momentum (related to the particle's mass and velocity), direction of travel, and location of impact on the spacecraft. In this paper, we present the results of a systematic search for impacts during 4348 hours of Pathfinder data. We report a total of 54 candidates with momenta ranging from 0.2$\,\mu\textrm{Ns}$ to 230$\,\mu\textrm{Ns}$. We furthermore make a comparison of these candidates with models of micrometeoroid populations in the inner solar system including those resulting from Jupiter-family comets, Oort-cloud comets, Hailey-type comets, and Asteroids. We find that our measured population is consistent with a population dominated by Jupiter-family comets with some evidence for a smaller contribution from Hailey-type comets. This is in agreement with consensus models of the zodiacal dust complex in the momentum range sampled by LISA Pathfinder., Comment: 22 pages, 14 figures, accepted in ApJ
Published: 2019

13. Temperature stability in the sub-milliHertz band with LISA Pathfinder

Author: Ferran Gibert, A. Cesarini, G. Russano, Peter Zweifel, Daniele Vetrugno, F. Rivas, S. Vitale, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, A. Wittchen, P. Pivato, Jacob Slutsky, Valerio Ferroni, Pierre Binétruy, Mauro Hueller, Gudrun Wanner, D. Hoyland, B. Kaune, C. Trenkel, Antoine Petiteau, Juan Ramos-Castro, Gerhard Heinzel, Daniel Hollington, G. Dixon, Paul McNamara, Ivan Lloro, R. Giusteri, Carlos F. Sopuerta, Davor Mance, Ph. Jetzer, M. Born, D. Texier, C. Mansanet, D. I. Robertson, Domenico Giardini, Antonella Cavalleri, Rita Dolesi, Ingo Diepholz, L. Martin-Polo, T. J. Sumner, L. Liu, J. Martino, D. Wealthy, Karsten Danzmann, Peter Wass, Heather Audley, E. Castelli, L. Wissel, Luigi Ferraioli, J. Baird, Ignacio Mateos, Christian J. Killow, Michele Armano, N. Korsakova, I. Harrison, N. Meshksar, J. A. Lobo, M. Freschi, S. Paczkowski, E. D. Fitzsimons, Eric Plagnol, V. Martín, Nikolaos Karnesis, J. Grzymisch, H. Ward, José F. F. Mendes, W. J. Weber, M. Hewitson, Oliver Jennrich, J. Reiche, Lluis Gesa, H. Inchauspé, Jose Sanjuan, James Ira Thorpe, R. Maarschalkerweerd, Catia Grimani, M. de Deus Silva, F. Martin-Porqueras, Daniele Bortoluzzi, L. Mendes, A. M. Cruise, Miquel Nofrarías, J. P. López-Zaragoza, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), LISA Pathfinder, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: detector: satellite, interferometer, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Low frequency, 01 natural sciences, Transfer function, Temperature measurement, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Gravitational waves, temperature: fluctuation, Instruments [Space vehicles], Ones gravitacionals, 0103 physical sciences, noise: thermal, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Física::Relativitat::Gravitació [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], space vehicles: instruments, Aerospace engineering, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, LISA, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, business.industry, gravitational radiation, Time evolution, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, gravitational radiation detector, Interferometry, frequency: low, Pathfinder, gravitational waves, gravitational waves – space vehicles: instruments, Space and Planetary Science, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], temperature: stability, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Aeronàutica i espai::Astronàutica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], business, Noise (radio)
Abstract: LISA Pathfinder (LPF) was a technology pioneering mission designed to test key technologies required for gravitational wave detection in space. In the low frequency regime (milli-Hertz and below), where space-based gravitational wave observatories will operate, temperature fluctuations play a crucial role since they can couple into the interferometric measurement and the test masses' free-fall accuracy in many ways. A dedicated temperature measurement subsystem, with noise levels in 10$\,\mu$K$\,$Hz$^{-1/2}$ down to $1\,$mHz was part of the diagnostics unit on board LPF. In this paper we report on the temperature measurements throughout mission operations, characterize the thermal environment, estimate transfer functions between different locations and report temperature stability (and its time evolution) at frequencies as low as 10$\,\mu$Hz, where typically values around $1\,$K$\,$Hz$^{-1/2}$ were measured., Comment: 13 pages, 16 figures. MNRAS LaTeX style file version 3.0
Published: 2019

14. Precision charge control for isolated free-falling test masses: LISA pathfinder results

Author: J. Martino, Domenico Giardini, Antoine Petiteau, Paul McNamara, Ian Harrison, S. Paczkowski, Carlos F. Sopuerta, Eric Plagnol, B. Kaune, Peter Wass, Henri Inchauspe, N. Korsakova, D. I. Robertson, Víctor S. Martín, J. Baird, Daniele Vetrugno, N. Meshskar, P. Sarra, Oliver Jennrich, T. J. Sumner, L. Liu, Ph. Jetzer, E. Castelli, J. Grzymisch, Gerhard Heinzel, S. Vitale, D. Shaul, H. Ward, P. Pivato, F. Rivas, Jacob Slutsky, Valerio Ferroni, G. Santoruvo, Michele Armano, Catia Grimani, M. Hueller, D. Hoyland, G. Dixon, M. Freschi, Ignacio Mateos, Lluis Gesa, Karsten Danzmann, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, Pierre Binétruy, Daniel Hollington, Nikolaos Karnesis, W. J. Weber, R. Maarschalkerweerd, M. de Deus Silva, F. Martin-Porqueras, P. Zweifel, Antonella Cavalleri, A. Wittchen, Gudrun Wanner, J. A. Lobo, Juan Ramos-Castro, James Ira Thorpe, Luigi Ferraioli, E. D. Fitzsimons, Heather Audley, R. Giusteri, M. Born, L. Wissel, Christian J. Killow, Markus Pfeil, Rita Dolesi, S. Waschke, L. Mendes, Ingo Diepholz, José F. F. Mendes, A. M. Cruise, M. Hewitson, D. Bortoluzzi, Miquel Nofrarías, J. P. López-Zaragoza, Ferran Gibert, L. Martin-Polo, J. Reiche, A. Cesarini, G. Russano, Davor Mance, D. Texier, Ivan Lloro, F. Mailland, C. Trenkel, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), LISA, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), LISA Pathfinder Collaboration, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Physics, Particles & Fields, Gravitational wave detectors, Software, MATLAB, physics.ins-det, MISSION, computer.programming_language, Physics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 3. Good health, cosmic radiation, Physical Sciences, GEANT, charge: surface, Física::Relativitat [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], photoelectron, Experimental studies of gravity, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Electric charge, Charge, electric field: effect, Gravitational waves, cosmic rays, Ones gravitacionals, photon: irradiation, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Charge control, Experiments in gravity, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, GEANT4, Science & Technology, charge: electric, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, business.industry, Charge (physics), FIELDS, charge: induced, Computational physics, Pathfinder, business, cosmology, computer
Abstract: International audience; The LISA Pathfinder charge management device was responsible for neutralizing the cosmic-ray-induced electric charge that inevitably accumulated on the free-falling test masses at the heart of the experiment. We present measurements made on ground and in flight that quantify the performance of this contactless discharge system which was based on photoemission under UV illumination. In addition, a two-part simulation is described that was developed alongside the hardware. Modeling of the absorbed UV light within the Pathfinder sensor was carried out with the Geant4 software toolkit and a separate Matlab charge transfer model calculated the net photocurrent between the test masses and surrounding housing in the presence of AC and DC electric fields. We confront the results of these models with observations and draw conclusions for the design of discharge systems for future experiments like LISA that will also employ free-falling test masses.
Published: 2018

15. LISA Pathfinder: First steps to observing gravitational waves from space

Author: N. Karnesis, C. Garca Marrirodriga, Michele Armano, Ian Harrison, Jacob Slutsky, Valerio Ferroni, D. Hoyland, M. Freschi, Henri Inchauspe, M. Cruise, Daniele Vetrugno, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, Gerhard Heinzel, F. Rivas, Lluis Gesa, Ignacio Mateos, P. Pivato, Ph. Jetzer, Gudrun Wanner, Juan Ramos-Castro, R. Maarschalkerweerd, A. Wittchen, R. Gerndt, Peter Wass, Karsten Danzmann, Antoine Petiteau, Paul McNamara, S. Paczkowski, L. Liu, Carlos F. Sopuerta, R. Giusteri, P. Prat, N. Dunbar, Antonella Cavalleri, S. Vitale, L. Martin-Polo, J. Baird, U. Ragnit, Christian J. Killow, Domenico Giardini, M. de Deus Silva, Rita Dolesi, P. Sarra, H. Rozemeijer, Tobias Ziegler, R. De Rosa, J. Reiche, A. Zambotti, W. J. Weber, D. Shaul, A. Cesarini, G. Russano, M. Bassan, M. Hueller, J. Martino, E. D. Fitzsimons, Alexander Schleicher, R. Flatscher, Catia Grimani, F. Martin-Porqueras, Michael Troebs, Peter Zweifel, J. Grzymisch, M. Born, N. Korsakova, Aniello Grado, Heather Audley, H. Ward, Pierre Binétruy, James Ira Thorpe, L. Wissel, Daniele Bortoluzzi, L. Mendes, B. Johlander, Miquel Nofrarías, C. Zanoni, Eric Plagnol, Ruggero Stanga, Ingo Diepholz, A. Lobo, Martin Hewitson, Daniel Hollington, L. Di Fiore, Oliver Jennrich, M. Caleno, D. Wealthy, D. I. Robertson, C. Trenkel, Luigi Ferraioli, Tamara Sumner, Davor Mance, D. Texier, B. Kaune, S. Madden, Ivan Lloro, José F. F. Mendes, Víctor S. Martín, N. Brandt, J. P. López-Zaragoza, Ferran Gibert, Gerard Auger, and LISA Pathfinder Collaboration
Subjects: Physics, History, Science & Technology, 02 Physical Sciences, Gravitational wave, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astronomy, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Space (mathematics), 09 Engineering, Computer Science Applications, Education, Pathfinder, Physical Sciences
Abstract: LISA Pathfinder, the European Space Agency's technology demonstrator mission for future spaceborne gravitational wave observatories, was launched on 3 December 2015, from the European space port of Kourou, French Guiana. After a short duration transfer to the final science orbit, the mission has been gathering science data since. This data has allowed the science community to validate the critical technologies and measurement principle for low frequency gravitational wave detection and thereby confirming the readiness to start the next generation gravitational wave observatories, such as LISA. This paper will briefly describe the mission, followed by a description of the science operations highlighting the performance achieved. Details of the various experiments performed during the nominal science operations phase can be found in accompanying papers in this volume.
Published: 2017

16. Charge-induced force noise on free-falling test masses: results from LISA Pathfinder

Author: B. Johlander, Heather Audley, Gerhard Heinzel, M. Cruise, Ph. Jetzer, José F. F. Mendes, R. Giusteri, M. Hewitson, Lluis Gesa, G. Auger, Antoine Petiteau, Jacob Slutsky, Valerio Ferroni, Paul McNamara, R. Gerndt, Rita Dolesi, N. Korsakova, R. Maarschalkerweerd, A. Wittchen, Karsten Danzmann, Michele Armano, J. Baird, Carlos F. Sopuerta, S. Paczkowski, M. Freschi, Oliver Jennrich, P. Prat, E. D. Fitzsimons, Henri Inchauspe, Daniele Vetrugno, W. J. Weber, Christian J. Killow, B. Kaune, P. Sarra, S. Madden, Daniele Bortoluzzi, Peter Wass, L. Mendes, A. Bursi, C. García Marirrodriga, P. Pivato, Miquel Nofrarías, J. Huesler, F. Martin-Porqueras, Mauro Hueller, H. Rozemeijer, Antonella Cavalleri, R. Flatscher, Pierre Binétruy, N. Brandt, Nikolaos Karnesis, C. Trenkel, C. Zanoni, J. Martino, S. Vitale, Ignacio Mateos, A. Schleicher, J. Gallegos, Daniel Hollington, T. J. Sumner, L. Liu, J. P. López-Zaragoza, Ferran Gibert, M. de Deus Silva, Luigi Ferraioli, N. Dunbar, Catia Grimani, Domenico Giardini, J. A. Romera Perez, Eric Plagnol, V. Martín, M. Caleno, D. I. Robertson, Tobias Ziegler, James Ira Thorpe, A. Moroni, D. Wealthy, U. Ragnit, Ivan Lloro, Davor Mance, D. Texier, J. Reiche, A. Cesarini, G. Russano, Peter Zweifel, I. Harrison, L. Martin-Polo, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, J. Grzymisch, H. Ward, M. Born, Ingo Diepholz, F. Rivas, Gudrun Wanner, Juan Ramos-Castro, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LISA Pathfinder, LISA Pathfinder Collaboration, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA )
Subjects: Gravitational-wave observatory, Capacitive sensing, General Physics and Astronomy, Interplanetary flight, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 09 Engineering, Laser interferometers, Gravitational wave detectors, Cosmic ray measurement, Dedicated measurements, force: electrostatic, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], MISSION, Physics, 02 Physical Sciences, Stochastic systems, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Interferometria làser, Electrostatics, Cosmology, electric field, observatory, cosmic radiation, frequency, Physical Sciences, Electrostàtica, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, European Space Agency, electrostatic, Noise (radio), Gravitation, Laser interferometer space antenna, General Physics, Electric fields, Physics, Multidisciplinary, Capacitive sensors, FOS: Physical sciences, Gravity waves, LISA Pathfinder Collaboration, Electrostatic measurements, Gravitational waves, Physics and Astronomy (all), Acceleration, Ones gravitacionals, Gravitational reference sensors, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Frequency bands, stochastic, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], noise: acceleration, coupling, 010306 general physics, Electrostatic modeling, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 01 Mathematical Sciences, LISA, Science & Technology, Interferometers, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Electrostatic force, FIELDS, gravitational radiation detector, Computational physics, Pathfinder, gravitation, Física::Astronomia i astrofísica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], mass, Laser interferometry, Differential accelerations, SYSTEM, astro-ph.IM
Abstract: We report on electrostatic measurements made on board the European Space Agency mission LISA Pathfinder. Detailed measurements of the charge-induced electrostatic forces exerted on free-falling test masses (TMs) inside the capacitive gravitational reference sensor are the first made in a relevant environment for a space-based gravitational wave detector. Employing a combination of charge control and electric-field compensation, we show that the level of charge-induced acceleration noise on a single TM can be maintained at a level close to 1.0 fm/s^2/sqrt(Hz) across the 0.1-100 mHz frequency band that is crucial to an observatory such as LISA. Using dedicated measurements that detect these effects in the differential acceleration between the two test masses, we resolve the stochastic nature of the TM charge build up due to interplanetary cosmic rays and the TM charge-to-force coupling through stray electric fields in the sensor. All our measurements are in good agreement with predictions based on a relatively simple electrostatic model of the LISA Pathfinder instrument., Comment: 9 Pages, 3 figures
Published: 2017

17. GAUGE: The grAnd unification and gravity explorer

Author: Serge Reynaud, J. H. Hough, P. d'Arrigo, C. Jentsch, B. Lamine, John Mester, John D. Barrow, H. Ward, H. Dittus, Ulrich Johann, J. T. Mendonça, Markus Arndt, C. Trenkel, G. D. Hammond, G. Amelino-Camelia, Martin E. Caldwell, F. Loeffler, Stefano Vitale, Chen Wang, Philippe Bouyer, H. A. Klein, C.M. Pegrum, Ernst M. Rasel, Astrid Lambrecht, Robert Bingham, C. I. Torrie, W. Vodel, Claus Lämmerzahl, Thibault Damour, N. A. Lockerbie, Patrick Gill, B. Foulon, D. Shaul, A. Woodgate, T. J. Sumner, A. M. Cruise, Wei-Tou Ni, Ch.J. Bordé, Wolfgang Ertmer, Karen Aplin, Stephan Theil, Pierre Touboul, Philippe Jetzer, Achim Peters, Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique / Optique atomique, Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique (LCFIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (IHES), IHES, ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Zurich
Subjects: Gravity (chemistry), Quantum decoherence, Unification, 530 Physics, fundamental physics, space mission, Space missions, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Gravitation, 1912 Space and Planetary Science, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], 0103 physical sciences, Grand Unified Theory, spin coupling, Equivalence principle, 010306 general physics, Unified field theory, Physics, atom interferometry, equivalence principle, mass-spin coupling, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mass, Gauge (firearms), Classical mechanics, Space and Planetary Science, 10231 Institute for Computational Science, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], 3103 Astronomy and Astrophysics
Abstract: The GAUGE (GrAnd Unification and Gravity Explorer) mission proposes to use a drag-free spacecraft platform onto which a number of experiments are attached. They are designed to address a number of key issues at the interface between gravity and unification with the other forces of nature. The equivalence principle is to be probed with both a high-precision test using classical macroscopic test bodies, and, to lower precision, using microscopic test bodies via cold-atom interferometry. These two equivalence principle tests will explore string-dilaton theories and the effect of space-time fluctuations respectively. The macroscopic test bodies will also be used for intermediate-range inverse-square law and an axion-like spin-coupling search. The microscopic test bodies offer the prospect of extending the range of tests to also include short-range inverse-square law and spin-coupling measurements as well as looking for evidence of quantum decoherence due to space-time fluctuations at the Planck scale. © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2008.
Published: 2016

18. The LISA Pathfinder mission

Author: Gerhard Heinzel, Domenico Giardini, J. Bogenstahl, N. Karnesis, C. García Marirrodriga, N. Brandt, H. Ward, S. Strandmoe, J. Reiche, M. Chmeissani, Mauro Hueller, H. Rozemeijer, A. Grynagier, Daniele Nicolodi, Oliver Jennrich, Paul McNamara, H.-B. Tu, M. Diaz-Aguilo, V. Hernández, J. H. Hough, R. Gerndt, G. Dixon, A. Schleicher, D. Nicolini, S. Waschke, Karsten Danzmann, Gudrun Wanner, A. F. Garcia Marin, P. Prat, I. Harrison, V. Ferrone, J. A. Romera Perez, Michele Armano, I. Cristofolini, J. Fauste, M. Schulte, Daniele Bortoluzzi, Peter Zweifel, Eric Plagnol, Juan Ramos-Castro, Felipe Guzman, J. Sanjuan, A. Conchillo, Miquel Nofrarías, Davor Mance, M. Freschi, M. Cruise, M. Caleno, F. Antonucci, D. Texier, S. Madden, Christian J. Killow, F. De Marchi, Stefano Vitale, A. Monsky, A.M. Taylor, F. Pedersen, Paolo Bosetti, D. Shaul, Pierre Binétruy, Matteo Benedetti, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, T. J. Sumner, Walter Fichter, M. Cesa, Tobias Ziegler, Rita Dolesi, Philippe Jetzer, Peter Wass, Ignacio Mateos, Ivan Lloro, X. Llamas, Priscilla Canizares, Lluis Gesa, Ewan Fitzsimons, B. Guillaume, A. Lobo, D. Hoyland, Ingo Diepholz, G. Auger, J. Huesler, Frank Steier, Antonella Cavalleri, Giuseppe D. Racca, R. Maarschalkerweerd, David Robertson, G. Congedo, Luigi Ferraioli, Catia Grimani, F. Gilbert, C. Trenkel, E. Mitchell, José F. F. Mendes, N. Dunbar, W. J. Weber, L. Stagnaro, B. Johlander, Martin Hewitson, Daniel Hollington, Heather Audley, APC - Cosmologie, Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), APC - THEORIE, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut für theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg (UHH)-Universität Hamburg (UHH), LISA, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Pathfinder, 0103 physical sciences, Free flight, Experimental methods, Aerospace engineering, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Inertial navigation system
Abstract: In this paper, we describe the current status of the LISA Pathfinder mission, a precursor mission aimed at demonstrating key technologies for future space-based gravitational wave detectors, like LISA. Since much of the flight hardware has already been constructed and tested, we will show that performance measurements and analysis of these flight components lead to an expected performance of the LISA Pathfinder which is a significant improvement over the mission requirements, and which actually reaches the LISA requirements over the entire LISA Pathfinder measurement band. © 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Published: 2016

19. Sub-Femto- g Free Fall for Space-Based Gravitational Wave Observatories: LISA Pathfinder Results

Author: R. Gerndt, F. Rivas, Daniele Bortoluzzi, L. Carbone, L. Mendes, Ph. Jetzer, Walter Fichter, Jacob Slutsky, Valerio Ferroni, D. Hoyland, Ulrich Johann, Gudrun Wanner, Miquel Nofrarías, Peter Wass, Juan Ramos-Castro, Pierre Binétruy, Ivan Lloro, Lluis Gesa, G. Auger, C. Trenkel, Stefano Vitale, James Ira Thorpe, Antoine Petiteau, A. Grynagier, Paul McNamara, A. F. García Marín, G. Congedo, Luigi Ferraioli, M. Born, R. Maarschalkerweerd, Karsten Danzmann, V Wand, C. Zanoni, A. Monsky, Ruggero Stanga, Ingo Diepholz, Carlos F. Sopuerta, F. Steier, A. Cesarini, José F. F. Mendes, Tobias Ziegler, N. Korsakova, G. Russano, F. Guzmán, H. Rozemeijer, M. Hewitson, A. Schleicher, B. Johlander, J. P. López-Zaragoza, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, Michele Armano, Daniel Hollington, Daniele Vetrugno, D. Wealthy, B. Kaune, S. Madden, P. Sarra, A. Zambotti, M. Diaz-Aguilo, Christian J. Killow, Peter Zweifel, Davor Mance, D. Shaul, T. J. Sumner, L. Liu, J. Grzymisch, H. Ward, M. Freschi, L. Di Fiore, Oliver Jennrich, Michael Tröbs, H. B. Tu, R. Flatscher, M. Caleno, D. I. Robertson, J. A. Lobo, S. Paczkowski, Ferran Gibert, L. Martin-Polo, P. Prat, I. Harrison, P. Pivato, Ignacio Mateos, C. García Marirrodriga, Mauro Hueller, D. Texier, A. Wittchen, U. Ragnit, Aniello Grado, Heather Audley, J Sanjuán, C. Warren, J. Reiche, B. Rais, Henri Inchauspe, G. Dixon, Eric Plagnol, V. Martín, Domenico Giardini, Daniele Nicolodi, N. Brandt, Nikolaos Karnesis, Giacomo Ciani, Antonella Cavalleri, J. Martino, R. Giusteri, L. Wissel, Rita Dolesi, J. Baird, Massimo Bassan, R. De Rosa, E. D. Fitzsimons, Gerhard Heinzel, W. J. Weber, A. M. Cruise, F. Martin-Porqueras, M. de Deus Silva, N. Dunbar, Catia Grimani, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, UK Space Agency, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Armano, M., Audley, H., Auger, G., Baird, J. T., Bassan, M., Binetruy, P., Born, M., Bortoluzzi, D., Brandt, N., Caleno, M., Carbone, L., Cavalleri, A., Cesarini, A., Ciani, G., Congedo, G., Cruise, A. M., Danzmann, K., De Deus Silva, M., DE ROSA, Rosario, Diaz Aguiló, M., Di Fiore, L., Diepholz, I., Dixon, G., Dolesi, R., Dunbar, N., Ferraioli, L., Ferroni, V., Fichter, W., Fitzsimons, E. D., Flatscher, R., Freschi, M., García Marín, A. F., García Marirrodriga, C., Gerndt, R., Gesa, L., Gibert, F., Giardini, D., Giusteri, R., Guzmán, F., Grado, A., Grimani, C., Grynagier, A., Grzymisch, J., Harrison, I., Heinzel, G., Hewitson, M., Hollington, D., Hoyland, D., Hueller, M., Inchauspé, H., Jennrich, O., Jetzer, P., Johann, U., Johlander, B., Karnesis, N., Kaune, B., Korsakova, N., Killow, C. J., Lobo, J. A., Lloro, I., Liu, L., López Zaragoza, J. P., Maarschalkerweerd, R., Mance, D., Martín, V., Martin Polo, L., Martino, J., Martin Porqueras, F., Madden, S., Mateos, I., Mcnamara, P. W., Mendes, J., Mendes, L., Monsky, A., Nicolodi, D., Nofrarias, M., Paczkowski, S., Perreur Lloyd, M., Petiteau, A., Pivato, P., Plagnol, E., Prat, P., Ragnit, U., Raïs, B., Ramos Castro, J., Reiche, J., Robertson, D. I., Rozemeijer, H., Rivas, F., Russano, G., Sanjuán, J., Sarra, P., Schleicher, A., Shaul, D., Slutsky, J., Sopuerta, C. F., Stanga, R., Steier, F., Sumner, T., Texier, D., Thorpe, J. I., Trenkel, C., Tröbs, M., Tu, H. B., Vetrugno, D., Vitale, S., Wand, V., Wanner, G., Ward, H., Warren, C., Wass, P. J., Wealthy, D., Weber, W. J., Wissel, L., Wittchen, A., Zambotti, A., Zanoni, C., Ziegler, T., Zweifel, P., Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
Subjects: General Physics, Gravitational-wave observatory, detector: performance, Physics, Multidisciplinary, General Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Noise (electronics), 09 Engineering, LISA Pathfinder, Gravitational waves, Acceleration, Physics and Astronomy (all), Square root, Ones gravitacionals, gas, 0103 physical sciences, Orders of magnitude (speed), interferometer: satellite, noise: acceleration, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 Mathematical Sciences, MISSION, Physics, LISA, Science & Technology, 02 Physical Sciences, density: spectral, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, gravitational radiation, Spectral density, gravitational radiation detector: satellite, detector: sensitivity, gravitation, Physical Sciences, viscosity, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Brownian noise, readout, INTERFEROMETER
Abstract: We report the first results of the LISA Pathfinder in-flight experiment. The results demonstrate that two free-falling reference test masses, such as those needed for a space-based gravitational wave observatory like LISA, can be put in free fall with a relative acceleration noise with a square root of the power spectral density of 5.2 +/- 0.1 fm s(exp -2)/square root of Hz, or (0.54 +/- 0.01) x 10(exp -15) g/square root of Hz, with g the standard gravity, for frequencies between 0.7 and 20 mHz. This value is lower than the LISA Pathfinder requirement by more than a factor 5 and within a factor 1.25 of the requirement for the LISA mission, and is compatible with Brownian noise from viscous damping due to the residual gas surrounding the test masses. Above 60 mHz the acceleration noise is dominated by interferometer displacement readout noise at a level of (34.8 +/- 0.3) fm square root of Hz, about 2 orders of magnitude better than requirements. At f less than or equal to 0.5 mHz we observe a low-frequency tail that stays below 12 fm s(exp -2)/square root of Hz down to 0.1 mHz. This performance would allow for a space-based gravitational wave observatory with a sensitivity close to what was originally foreseen for LISA.
Published: 2016

20. CHARGE MANAGEMENT FOR LISA AND LISA PATHFINDER

Author: G. K. Rochester, M. Schulte, C. Trenkel, P J Wass, D. Shaul, T. J. Sumner, and Henrique Araujo
Subjects: Physics, Pathfinder, Charge management, Space and Planetary Science, Gravitational wave, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Mathematical Physics
Abstract: We present an overview of charge management for LISA, including a review of the problems caused by test mass charging and development of the LISA Pathfinder charge management device.
Published: 2008

21. Design of a dual species atom interferometer for space

Author: Baptiste Battelier, Johannes Burkhardt, Claus Braxmaier, E. Rocco, Didier Massonnet, Thijs Wendrich, Eric Wille, Fiodor Sorrentino, Thomas Leveque, A. Heske, Naceur Gaaloul, Matthias O. Franz, Alexander Milke, André Kubelka-Lange, Markus Oswald, Arnaud Landragin, Ulrich Johann, Jonas Hartwig, Ortwin Hellmig, C. Trenkel, Achim Peters, Norman Gürlebeck, Domenico Gerardi, Andrew Hinton, Andrea Bertoldi, Katerine Posso-Trujillo, M. Chwalla, Martin Gehler, M. Hauth, Jan Rudolph, Philippe Bouyer, Ahmad Bawamia, Markus Krutzik, Sven Herrmann, P. Ireland, Kai Bongs, Ernst M. Rasel, Holger Ahlers, Andreas Wicht, Luigi Cacciapuoti, André Wenzlawski, Thilo Schuldt, Patrick Windpassinger, Carlos F. Sopuerta, Waldemar Herr, Stephan Seidel, Guglielmo M. Tino, D. Summers, Ignacio Mateos, Christian Schubert, Mike Williams, Wolf von Klitzing, Benny Rievers, C. P. Chaloner, Klaus Sengstock, Wolfgang Ertmer, Lluis Gesa Bote, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Leibniz Universität Hannover [Hannover] (LUH), Institut für Quantenoptik [Hannover] (IQ), Center of Applied Space Technology and Microgravity (ZARM), Universität Bremen, MUARC, University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Department of Mathematics, University of Western Ontario (UWO), Institut fur Physik, Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Hamburg, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (FORTH-IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Space Sciences [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council [Madrid] (CSIC), INFN Sezione di Firenze, Astrium Ltd, Airbus Defence and Space Germany, Agence Spatiale Européenne (ESA), European Space Agency (ESA), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Leibniz Universität Hannover=Leibniz University Hannover, Humboldt University Of Berlin, and Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA)
Subjects: Space technology, Atom interferometer, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Zerodur, Equivalence principle test, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 7. Clean energy, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, law.invention, Physics - Atomic Physics, Optics, Physics - Space Physics, law, Magnetic trap, Astronomical interferometer, Physics::Atomic Physics, Physics, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantum Physics, Bose-Einstein condensate, Laser diode, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], business.industry, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Laser, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Interferometry, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], business, Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Abstract: Atom interferometers have a multitude of proposed applications in space including precise measurements of the Earth's gravitational field, in navigation & ranging, and in fundamental physics such as tests of the weak equivalence principle (WEP) and gravitational wave detection. While atom interferometers are realized routinely in ground-based laboratories, current efforts aim at the development of a space compatible design optimized with respect to dimensions, weight, power consumption, mechanical robustness and radiation hardness. In this paper, we present a design of a high-sensitivity differential dual species $^{85}$Rb/$^{87}$Rb atom interferometer for space, including physics package, laser system, electronics and software. The physics package comprises the atom source consisting of dispensers and a 2D magneto-optical trap (MOT), the science chamber with a 3D-MOT, a magnetic trap based on an atom chip and an optical dipole trap (ODT) used for Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) creation and interferometry, the detection unit, the vacuum system for $10^{-11}$ mbar ultra-high vacuum generation, and the high-suppression factor magnetic shielding as well as the thermal control system. The laser system is based on a hybrid approach using fiber-based telecom components and high-power laser diode technology and includes all laser sources for 2D-MOT, 3D-MOT, ODT, interferometry and detection. Manipulation and switching of the laser beams is carried out on an optical bench using Zerodur bonding technology. The instrument consists of 9 units with an overall mass of 221 kg, an average power consumption of 608 W (819 W peak), and a volume of 470 liters which would well fit on a satellite to be launched with a Soyuz rocket, as system studies have shown., 30 pages, 23 figures, accepted for publication in Experimental Astronomy
Published: 2015

22. Free-flight experiments in LISA Pathfinder

Author: C. Trenkel, F. Martin-Porqueras, J. Baird, Nikolaos Karnesis, Lluis Gesa, R. Gerndt, Paul McNamara, A. Bursi, A. Moroni, G. Auger, Curt Cutler, Karsten Danzmann, James Ira Thorpe, Valerio Ferroni, Gerhard Heinzel, C. Zanoni, Ian Harrison, R. Maarschalkerweerd, B. Johlander, Carlos F. Sopuerta, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, Rita Dolesi, R. Giusteri, M. Born, A. Schleicher, Daniele Vetrugno, N. Dunbar, P. Sarra, Luis Mendes, Peter Wass, Daniel Hollington, T. J. Sumner, Eric Plagnol, C. García Marirrodriga, B. Kaune, A. Wittchen, H. Rozemeijer, U. Ragnit, N. Brandt, H. Ward, S. Madden, D. Wealthy, Ingo Diepholz, P. Prat, P. Pivato, Mauro Hueller, H. B. Tu, Víctor S. Martín, Ewan Fitzsimons, Antonella Cavalleri, S. Paczkowski, Jacob Slutsky, M. Cruise, Michele Armano, Pierre Binetruy, J. A. Romera Perez, Davor Mance, José F. F. Mendes, Gudrun Wanner, Stefano Vitale, Juan Ramos-Castro, Philippe Jetzer, W. J. Weber, M. Freschi, Ivan Lloro, D. Texier, Domenico Giardini, S. Waschke, Antoine Petiteau, J. Huesler, J. Reiche, Oliver Jennrich, A. Cesarini, G. Russano, Tobias Ziegler, N. Korsakova, Peter Zweifel, H. Inchauspe, Catia Grimani, P. Maghami, Heather Audley, S. Wen, M. Caleno, D. I. Robertson, Christian J. Killow, Martin Hewitson, Luigi Ferraioli, Ignacio Mateos, Daniele Bortoluzzi, Miquel Nofrarías, J. Gallegos, and Ferran Gibert
Subjects: History, Inertial frame of reference, Testing, Orbits, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, LISA Pathfinder, Gravitational wave detectors, Primary (astronomy), Free flight, Spacecraft, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften, Physics, Noise source, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Flight experiments, Computer Science Applications, Drag, Tracking (position), Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, ddc:500, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Space probes, realizations, Gravitation, spaced data, On-orbit performance, spectral-analysis, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Gravity waves, Education, Acceleration, Space-based, Mission requirements, ddc:530, Aerospace engineering, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Konferenzschrift, algorithm, business.industry, Gravitational wave, Noise, Pathfinder, Potential sources, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik, business
Abstract: The LISA Pathfinder mission will demonstrate the technology of drag-free test masses for use as inertial references in future space-based gravitational wave detectors. To accomplish this, the Pathfinder spacecraft will perform drag-free flight about a test mass while measuring the acceleration of this primary test mass relative to a second reference test mass. Because the reference test mass is contained within the same spacecraft, it is necessary to apply forces on it to maintain its position and attitude relative to the spacecraft. These forces are a potential source of acceleration noise in the LISA Pathfinder system that are not present in the full LISA configuration. While LISA Pathfinder has been designed to meet it's primary mission requirements in the presence of this noise, recent estimates suggest that the on-orbit performance may be limited by this `suspension noise'. The drift-mode or free-flight experiments provide an opportunity to mitigate this noise source and further characterize the underlying disturbances that are of interest to the designers of LISA-like instruments. This article provides a high-level overview of these experiments and the methods under development to analyze the resulting data., 13 pages, 5 figures. Accepted to Journal Of Physics, Conference Series. Presented at 10th International LISA Symposium, May 2014, Gainesville, FL, USA
Published: 2015
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23. In-flight thermal experiments for LISA Pathfinder: Simulating temperature noise at the Inertial Sensors

Author: Ivan Lloro, Antoine Petiteau, Paul McNamara, J. Huesler, C. Zanoni, M. Cruise, Stefano Vitale, Martin Hewitson, Carlos F. Sopuerta, Gerhard Heinzel, Daniel Hollington, S. Paczkowski, N. Brandt, Nikolaos Karnesis, Daniele Bortoluzzi, Daniele Vetrugno, L. Mendes, Ignacio Mateos, H. B. Tu, H. Ward, G. Auger, Miquel Nofrarías, P. Pivato, S. Wen, Tobias Ziegler, P. Sarra, A. Schleicher, A. Bursi, Antonella Cavalleri, S. Waschke, Michele Armano, F. Martin-Porqueras, Oliver Jennrich, Christian J. Killow, R. Maarschalkerweerd, D. Wealthy, A. Wittchen, M. Freschi, J. A. Perez Romera, P. Prat, C. García Marirrodriga, Heather Audley, H. Rozemeijer, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, Ewan Fitzsimons, Ingo Diepholz, Mauro Hueller, Peter Wass, Pierre Binétruy, M. Born, C. Trenkel, M. Caleno, B. Johlander, James Ira Thorpe, A. Moroni, D. I. Robertson, Gudrun Wanner, Juan Ramos-Castro, José F. F. Mendes, Eric Plagnol, V. Martín, Domenico Giardini, N. Dunbar, Catia Grimani, P. Maghami, R. Giusteri, R. Gerndt, Rita Dolesi, Ph. Jetzer, Karsten Danzmann, B. Kaune, S. Madden, Henri Inchauspe, I. Harrison, Davor Mance, D. Texier, J. Gallegos, Ferran Gibert, Luigi Ferraioli, Tamara Sumner, L. l. Gesa, J. Reiche, A. Cesarini, G. Russano, Jacob Slutsky, Valerio Ferroni, Peter Zweifel, U. Ragnit, W. J. Weber, J. Baird, and N. Korsakova
Subjects: History, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Noise (electronics), Education, Physics, Applied, Inertial measurement unit, ddc:530, Aerospace engineering, Konferenzschrift, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften, Physics, Spacecraft, Gravitational wave, business.industry, Detector, Electrical engineering, Computer Science Applications, Pathfinder, Physics::Space Physics, Measuring instrument, Brownian noise, ddc:500, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik, business
Abstract: Thermal Diagnostics experiments to be carried out on board LISA Pathfinder (LPF) will yield a detailed characterisation of how temperature fluctuations affect the LTP (LISA Technology Package) instrument performance, a crucial information for future space based gravitational wave detectors as the proposed eLISA. Amongst them, the study of temperature gradient fluctuations around the test masses of the Inertial Sensors will provide as well information regarding the contribution of the Brownian noise, which is expected to limit the LTP sensitivity at frequencies close to 1mHz during some LTP experiments. In this paper we report on how these kind of Thermal Diagnostics experiments were simulated in the last LPF Simulation Campaign (November, 2013) involving all the LPF Data Analysis team and using an end-to-end simulator of the whole spacecraft. Such simulation campaign was conducted under the framework of the preparation for LPF operations. Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN)/AYA2010-15709
Published: 2015
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24. Disentangling the magnetic force noise contribution in LISA Pathfinder

Author: M Armano, H Audley, G Auger, J Baird, P Binetruy, M Born, D Bortoluzzi, N Brandt, A Bursi, M Caleno, A Cavalleri, A Cesarini, M Cruise, K Danzmann, I Diepholz, R Dolesi, N Dunbar, L Ferraioli, V Ferroni, E Fitzsimons, M Freschi, J Gallegos, C García Marirrodriga, R Gerndt, LI Gesa, F Gibert, D Giardini, R Giusteri, C Grimani, I Harrison, G Heinzel, M Hewitson, D Hollington, M Hueller, J Huesler, H Inchauspé, O Jennrich, P Jetzer, B Johlander, N Karnesis, B Kaune, N Korsakova, C Killow, I Lloro, R Maarschalkerweerd, S Madden, D Mance, V Martín, F Martin-Porqueras, I Mateos, P McNamara, J Mendes, L Mendes, A Moroni, M Nofrarias, S Paczkowski, M Perreur-Lloyd, A Petiteau, P Pivato, E Plagnol, P Prat, U Ragnit, J Ramos-Castro, J Reiche, J A Romera Perez, D Robertson, H Rozemeijer, G Russano, P Sarra, A Schleicher, J Slutsky, C F Sopuerta, T Sumner, D Texier, J Thorpe, C Trenkel, H B Tu, D Vetrugno, S Vitale, G Wanner, H Ward, S Waschke, P Wass, D Wealthy, S Wen, W Weber, A Wittchen, C Zanoni, T Ziegler, and P Zweifel
Subjects: History, Magnetometer, Astronomy, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, LISA Pathfinder, Displacement (vector), Physics, Applied, Education, law.invention, Magnetization, law, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Konferenzschrift, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Electrical engineering, Computer Science Applications, Computational physics, Magnetic field, Coupling (physics), Pathfinder, ddc:500, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik, business, Excitation, Noise (radio)
Abstract: Magnetically-induced forces on the inertial masses on-board LISA Pathfinder are expected to be one of the dominant contributions to the mission noise budget, accounting for up to 40%. The origin of this disturbance is the coupling of the residual magnetization and susceptibility of the test masses with the environmental magnetic field. In order to fully understand this important part of the noise model, a set of coils and magnetometers are integrated as a part of the diagnostics subsystem. During operations a sequence of magnetic excitations will be applied to precisely determine the coupling of the magnetic environment to the test mass displacement using the on-board magnetometers. Since no direct measurement of the magnetic field in the test mass position will be available, an extrapolation of the magnetic measurements to the test mass position will be carried out as a part of the data analysis activities. In this paper we show the first results on the magnetic experiments during an end-to-end LISA Pathfinder simulation, and we describe the methods under development to map the magnetic field on-board. A post-publication change was made to this article on 26 Jun 2020 to add an author.
Published: 2015

25. Novel torsion balance based on a spherical superconducting suspension

Author: Antonio Pulido-Paton, Clive C. Speake, C. Trenkel, and G. D. Hammond
Subjects: Physics, Superconductivity, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Detector, Levitation, Torque, Superconducting magnet, Mechanics, Superconducting magnetic energy storage, Rotation, Instrumentation, Torsion spring
Abstract: We report on the progress that has been made on the development of a spherical superconducting torsion balance in which the traditional fiber is replaced with a Meissner effect suspension operating at 4.2 K. The instrument can levitate a mass of 18 g in persistent mode and currently operates in a helium exchange gas pressure of a few mTorr. A superconducting rotation detector incorporating a superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer has been developed to interrogate the angular position of the torsion balance and provide its natural period. The natural period can be programmed from 25 s to 150 s by varying the current stored in the detector. The detector also offers the possibility of applying external torques onto the torsion balance for the purpose of servocontrol, and a simple derivative control has been developed. The properties of the rotation detector can be predicted from measurements of the inductances of the circuit components. The total measured torque noise is 2×10−13 Nm/√Hz at a...
Published: 2004

26. The Feasibility of Testing the Inverse Square Law of Gravitation at Newtonian Strength and at Mass Separations of 1 μm

Author: Clive C. Speake, C. Trenkel, and G. D. Hammond
Subjects: Gravitation, Casimir effect, Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Detector, Newtonian fluid, Inverse-square law, Measurement uncertainty, Mechanics, Spurious relationship, Noise (electronics)
Abstract: We examine the feasibility of searching for violations of the inverse square law of gravitation with Newtonian strength and at particle separations of 1 μm. We discuss systematic uncertainties, such as spurious forces due to the Casimir force, and various sources of random uncertainty, including those due to patch fields and detector noise. Our analysis suggests that a cryogenic, drag-free space environment is necessary to make the experiment feasible, as thermal and vibrational noise could potentially be reduced to the required level in such an environment.
Published: 2004

27. Direct measurement of STEP test mass quadrupole moments

Author: C Trenkel and C C Speake
Subjects: Physics, Classical mechanics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Quadrupole, Step test, Torque, Sensitivity (control systems), Atomic physics, Residual, Measure (mathematics), Torsion spring
Abstract: A cryogenic torsion balance method is suggested to measure the residual quadrupole moments of the STEP test masses directly. The individual masses are placed on a torsion balance and the torque exerted by a rotating set of source masses is analysed. Conservatively, assuming a torque sensitivity of 10−13 N m, it appears that a quadrupole moment of 10−7 kg m2 can be detected.
Published: 2003

28. Force and force gradients due to trapped-flux in superconducting accelerometers

Author: Clive C. Speake, M.S. Colclough, and C. Trenkel
Subjects: Physics, Superconductivity, Atmospheric Science, Spacecraft, business.industry, Aerospace Engineering, Spectral density, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Particle displacement, Accelerometer, Magnetic field, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Quantum mechanics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Atomic physics, business, Phenomenology (particle physics), Residual magnetic field
Abstract: We briefly review the phenomenology of flux trapping in superconductors and its relevance to Fundamental Physics experiments such as STEP. We develop mathematical expressions which enable force and force gradients acting on two imperfect superconducting planes to be calculated from magnetic field measurements across their surfaces. We use the results of this analysis to estimate the magnitude of differential acceleration noise coupling to a STEP test mass pair due to spacecraft displacement and find the following constraint δ c≤10 −3 x·· 10 −15 ms −2 / Hz 1 2 m 200g 1 mG B r 2 1 cm a 2 Hz − 1 2 where δ is the spacecraft displacement amplitude spectral density, c is the spacing between superconducting surfaces of net surface area a2. The desired experimental noise sensitivity is ẍ, the test mass value is m and Br is the value of the residual magnetic field in the STEP dewar. We further use our models to analyse the possibility of inhibiting the rotation of the test masses about the bearing axis by creating a regular array of trapped-flux lines on the test mass surfaces. The results of our preliminary calculations suggest that this idea may not be viable.
Published: 2003

29. A noise simulator for eLISA: Migrating LISA Pathfinder knowledge to the eLISA mission

Author: Ferran Gibert, Daniele Vetrugno, H. Ward, Peter Wass, P. Pivato, S. Wen, Tobias Ziegler, J. Reiche, J. Gallegos, N. Korsakova, A. Cesarini, G. Russano, Gerhard Heinzel, Michele Armano, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, B. Kaune, Antoine Petiteau, S. Madden, M. Freschi, N. Brandt, Paul McNamara, Luigi Ferraioli, S. Paczkowski, Henri Inchauspe, Peter Zweifel, Nikolaos Karnesis, S. Waschke, A. Moroni, Tamara Sumner, Carlos F. Sopuerta, R. Giusteri, Ph. Jetzer, Christian J. Killow, José F. F. Mendes, U. Ragnit, J. Huesler, Daniele Bortoluzzi, L. Mendes, Ivan Lloro, Ignacio Mateos, Heather Audley, C. García Marirrodriga, P. Sarra, A. Schleicher, I. Harrison, H. B. Tu, Miquel Nofrarías, Pierre Binétruy, Rita Dolesi, Mauro Hueller, B. Johlander, Karsten Danzmann, Davor Mance, W. J. Weber, C. Trenkel, Jacob Slutsky, Valerio Ferroni, N. Dunbar, Catia Grimani, D. Texier, C. Zanoni, D. Wealthy, R. Gerndt, Martin Hewitson, Daniel Hollington, Oliver Jennrich, Ewan Fitzsimons, J. Baird, S. Vitale, Antonella Cavalleri, M. Cruise, P. Prat, A. Bursi, F. Martin-Porqueras, Lluis Gesa, G. Auger, R. Maarschalkerweerd, A. Wittchen, H. Rozemeijer, James Ira Thorpe, Domenico Giardini, J. A. Romera Perez, Eric Plagnol, V. Martín, M. Caleno, D. I. Robertson, Gudrun Wanner, Juan Ramos-Castro, M. Born, Ingo Diepholz, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
Subjects: History, noise, Astronomy, Residual, Astrophysics, programming, LISA Pathfinder, Education, Physics, Applied, System imperfections, Acceleration, Simulators, numerical methods, State space, ddc:530, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], MATLAB, Instrumental noise, numerical calculations, Simulation, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften, Konferenzschrift, computer.programming_language, Constellation, Physics, LISA, Spacecraft, business.industry, Noise (signal processing), Computer Science Applications, Pathfinder, Free fall, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], On state, ddc:500, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik, Residual acceleration, business, computer, Space probes, performance
Abstract: We present a new technical simulator for the eLISA mission, based on state space modeling techniques and developed in MATLAB. This simulator computes the coordinate and velocity over time of each body involved in the constellation, i.e. the spacecraft and its test masses, taking into account the different disturbances and actuations. This allows studying the contribution of instrumental noises and system imperfections on the residual acceleration applied on the TMs, the latter reflecting the performance of the achieved free-fall along the sensitive axis. A preliminary version of the results is presented. Sorbonne Paris Cite/UnivEarthS Labex French Space Agency (CNES)
Published: 2014

30. Bayesian statistics for the calibration of the LISA Pathfinder experiment

Author: M Armano, H Audley, G Auger, P Binetruy, M Born, D Bortoluzzi, N Brandt, A Bursi, M Caleno, A Cavalleri, A Cesarini, M Cruise, K Danzmann, I Diepholz, R Dolesi, N Dunbar, L Ferraioli, V Ferroni, E Fitzsimons, M Freschi, C García Marirrodriga, R Gerndt, L Gesa, F Gibert, D Giardini, R Giusteri, C Grimani, I Harrison, G Heinzel, M Hewitson, D Hollington, M Hueller, J Huesler, H Inchauspé, O Jennrich, P Jetzer, B Johlander, N Karnesis, B Kaune, N Korsakova, C Killow, I Lloro, R Maarschalkerweerd, S Madden, D Mance, V Martin, F Martin-Porqueras, I Mateos, P McNamara, J Mendes, E Mitchell, A Moroni, M Nofrarias, S Paczkowski, M Perreur-Lloyd, P Pivato, E Plagnol, P Prat, U Ragnit, J Ramos-Castro, J Reiche, J A Romera Perez, D Robertson, H Rozemeijer, G Russano, P Sarra, A Schleicher, J Slutsky, C F Sopuerta, T Sumner, D Texier, J Thorpe, C Trenkel, H B Tu, D Vetrugno, S Vitale, G Wanner, H Ward, S Waschke, P Wass, D Wealthy, S Wen, W Weber, A Wittchen, C Zanoni, T Ziegler, P Zweifel, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: History, MATLAB, detector: satellite, Calibration (statistics), Astronomy, Bayesian probability, Lisa technology packages, Gravity waves, computer.software_genre, Astrophysics, Bayesian statistics, 01 natural sciences, Degrees of freedom (mechanics), LISA Pathfinder, Education, Physics, Applied, Gravitational wave detectors, Theoretical physics, Matlab toolboxes, Operational simulations, 0103 physical sciences, numerical methods, ddc:530, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], noise: acceleration, 010306 general physics, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften, Konferenzschrift, Mathematics, Data processing, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Design of experiments, System identification, statistical analysis: Bayesian, Analysis strategies, gravitational radiation detector, Computer Science Applications, Pathfinder, LISA: calibration, gravitational radiation: emission, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Bayesian Analysis, Noise (video), Data mining, ddc:500, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik, computer, Space probes
Abstract: The main goal of LISA Pathfinder (LPF) mission is to estimate the acceleration noise models of the overall LISA Technology Package (LTP) experiment on-board. This will be of crucial importance for the future space-based Gravitational-Wave (GW) detectors, like eLISA. Here, we present the Bayesian analysis framework to process the planned system identification experiments designed for that purpose. In particular, we focus on the analysis strategies to predict the accuracy of the parameters that describe the system in all degrees of freedom. The data sets were generated during the latest operational simulations organised by the data analysis team and this work is part of the LTPDA Matlab toolbox. A post-publication change was made to this article on 26 Jun 2020 to add an author.
Published: 2014

31. The torsion balance as a tool for geophysical prospecting

Author: Clive C. Speake, G. D. Hammond, and C. Trenkel
Subjects: Azimuth, Geophysics, Circular motion, Classical mechanics, Gravitational field, Geochemistry and Petrology, Gravimeter, Torsion (mechanics), Mechanics, Curvature, Geology, Torsion spring, Beam (structure)
Abstract: We discuss whether the torsion balance can again become a key tool for geophysical prospecting. We outline the acknowledged disadvantages of the Eötvös torsion balance and seek designs of a torsion balance beam that would enable the torsion balance to be used on moving platforms. A key result is that torsion balance beams designed to be insensitive to the curvature and horizontal gradients of the gravity field are insensitive to the angular motion of the platform about horizontal axes. We suggest that a double torsion balance using these balance beam designs could be used on moving platforms. We point out that second gradients of the gravitational field (third derivatives of the potential) can be determined with reasonable sensitivity with current technology. We describe double torsion balance schemes where the mass, range, and azimuth of localized mass anomalies could be estimated or where local anomalies could be rejected using information from the second gravity gradient.
Published: 2001

32. Photolithographic manufacture of a superconducting levitation coil on a spherical substrate

Author: Clive C. Speake, G. D. Hammond, and C. Trenkel
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, General Engineering, Electrical engineering, Substrate (electronics), Radius, law.invention, Spherical geometry, Cross section (physics), law, Electromagnetic coil, Levitation, Optoelectronics, Photolithography, business, Macor
Abstract: We have developed a photolithographic method to pattern a superconducting levitation coil made from Pb on a spherical MACOR substrate. The cross section of the windings is approximately 150 × 40 μm, and a typical coil consists of 70 windings with a minimum pitch of 350 μm. The substrate radius is about 4 cm, and the coil extends from 15 to 60° in polar angle. We present the manufacturing process and suggest future improvements.
Published: 2000

33. A preliminary study of a torsion balance based on a spherical superconducting suspension

Author: T. J. Sumner, C. Trenkel, Clive C. Speake, G. D. Hammond, and G K Rochester
Subjects: Physics, Applied Mathematics, Electromagnetic suspension, Persistent current, Mechanics, Moment of inertia, Torsion spring, Classical mechanics, Circular motion, Electromagnetic coil, Levitation, Torque, Instrumentation, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract: We present details of the design and construction of a new superconducting, magnetically suspended torsion balance in which the levitation coil and the lift surface of the float lie on the surfaces of concentric spheres. We compare results from calculations of the variation of the inductance with the levitated height and transverse motion of the float with experimental measurements and show that the levitation system is stable. Angular motion of the torsion balance is detected using superconducting pick-up coils whose inductance is modulated by float rotation. The subsequent change in current flowing in the persistent circuit containing the coils is measured using a flux-gate magnetometer. The pick-up coils exert a restoring torque on the float which can be modified by adjusting the persistent current stored. Periods down to 60 s should be obtainable for a current of 2.5 A. Preliminary results of ring-down experiments in He gas at a pressure of 53Pa show that periods of angular oscillations of 24 s with quality factor, Q, of about 200 can be obtained. The moment of inertia of the float is 2 × 10-5 kg m2. The observed period of 24 s indicates that there is an additional restoring torque in the system which may be due to trapped flux. The observed value of Q is consistent with gas damping.
Published: 1999

34. STE-QUEST - Test of the Universality of Free Fall Using Cold Atom Interferometry

Author: Claus Lämmerzahl, Albert Roura, Didier Massonnet, Ahmad Bawamia, Christian Schubert, Deborah N. Aguilera, Jan Rudolph, Alexander Milke, Ulrich Johann, N. Uzunoglu, Wolfgang P. Schleich, D. Gerardi, Reinhold Walser, Jonas Hartwig, Nassim Zahzam, Fiodor Sorrentino, Andrea Bertoldi, Philippe Jetzer, Norman Gürlebeck, Baptiste Battelier, Katerine Posso-Trujillo, Philippe Bouyer, M. Hauth, Arnaud Landragin, C. P. Chaloner, Patrick Windpassinger, A. Kubelka, Guglielmo M. Tino, Markus Krutzik, Sven Herrmann, E. Rocco, Ernst M. Rasel, Claus Braxmaier, Thijs Wendrich, Carlos F. Sopuerta, C. Trenkel, Andreas Wicht, D. Summers, Mike Williams, Holger Ahlers, Peter Weßels, Ortwin Hellmig, Ignacio Mateos, Martin Gehler, Eric Wille, Andrew Hinton, Kai Bongs, P. Ireland, Lluis Gesa, Naceur Gaaloul, Matthias O. Franz, Stephan Seidel, Miquel Nofrarías, Markus Oswald, Ruxandra Bondarescu, W. von Klitzing, Waldemar Herr, André Wenzlawski, A. Heske, Thilo Schuldt, Ivan Lloro, Achim Peters, Klaus Sengstock, Wolfgang Ertmer, Luigi Cacciapuoti, M. Chwalla, lp2n-02,lp2n-11, Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Spatiale Européenne (ESA), European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Chemnitz University of Technology / Technische Universität Chemnitz, Dipartimento di Fisica and LENS, Università di Firenze-INFN, LENS, INFN, Laboratoire Aimé Cotton (LAC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia [Firenze], Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), and École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Atom interferometer, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), General relativity, Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Physics - Atomic Physics, Theoretical physics, Theory of relativity, Gravitational field, space physics, Physics - Space Physics, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Physics, Quantum Physics, Systems Enabling Technologies, Spacetime, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Bose-Einstein condensates, cold atoms, Fundamental interaction, microgravity, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], Space Physics (physics.space-ph), equivalence principle, 13. Climate action, quantum gravity, Physics::Space Physics, atom interferometry, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Quantum gravity, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Gravitational redshift
Abstract: The theory of general relativity describes macroscopic phenomena driven by the influence of gravity while quantum mechanics brilliantly accounts for microscopic effects. Despite their tremendous individual success, a complete unification of fundamental interactions is missing and remains one of the most challenging and important quests in modern theoretical physics. The STE-QUEST satellite mission, proposed as a medium-size mission within the Cosmic Vision program of the European Space Agency (ESA), aims for testing general relativity with high precision in two experiments by performing a measurement of the gravitational redshift of the Sun and the Moon by comparing terrestrial clocks, and by performing a test of the Universality of Free Fall of matter waves in the gravitational field of Earth comparing the trajectory of two Bose-Einstein condensates of Rb85 and Rb87. The two ultracold atom clouds are monitored very precisely thanks to techniques of atom interferometry. This allows to reach down to an uncertainty in the E\"otv\"os parameter of at least 2x10E-15. In this paper, we report about the results of the phase A mission study of the atom interferometer instrument covering the description of the main payload elements, the atomic source concept, and the systematic error sources., Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2013
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35. The LISA Pathfinder Mission

Author: Ivan Lloro, G. Russano, Gerhard Heinzel, C. García Marirrodriga, J. Reiche, Matteo Benedetti, S. Madden, J. Bogenstahl, Víctor S. Martín, M. Caleno, H. B. Tu, P. Prat, Peter Zweifel, M. Hueller, Ph. Jetzer, E. Mitchell, N. Dumbar, Heather Audley, D. Wealthy, José F. F. Mendes, X. Llamas, H. Ward, J. A. Romera Perez, M. Cruise, C. Trenkel, Stefano Vitale, A. Grynagier, Ignacio Mateos, Karsten Danzmann, Eric Plagnol, M. Diaz-Aguilo, Oliver Jennrich, Daniele Bortoluzzi, W. J. Weber, Paul McNamara, T. J. Sumner, Christian J. Killow, Domenico Giardini, Martin Hewitson, A. Lobo, Walter Fichter, Daniel Hollington, Valerio Ferroni, G. Dixton, Carlos F. Sopuerta, Miquel Nofrarías, Antonella Cavalleri, Felipe Guzman, D. Hoyland, Davor Mance, David Robertson, G. Congedo, Luigi Ferraioli, N. Korsakova, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, Ewan Fitzsimons, Ingo Diepholz, Alexander Schleicher, D. Texier, N. Brandt, A.M. Taylor, F. De Marchi, Rita Dolesi, Daniele Nicolodi, Gudrun Wanner, Juan Ramos-Castro, Ferran Gibert, R. Gerndt, Tobias Ziegler, Michele Armano, F. Antonucci, M. Freschi, Catia Grimani, S. Wen, J. Huesler, B. Johlander, Ian Harrison, S. Waschke, Peter Wass, N. Karnesis, Pierre Binétruy, Lluis Gesa, G. Auger, R. Maarschalkerweerd, H. Rozemeijer, D. Shaul, and J. Fauste
Subjects: Physics, Gravitational wave, business.industry, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Propulsion, Space exploration, Metrology, Gravitation, Pathfinder, Optics, Space and Planetary Science, Inertial measurement unit, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Aerospace engineering, business, Mathematical Physics
Abstract: LISA Pathfinder (formerly known as SMART-2) is an European Space Agency mission designed to pave the way for the joint ESA/NASA Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission by testing in flight the critical technologies required for space-borne gravitational wave detection; it will put two test masses in a near-perfect gravitational free-fall and control and measure their motion with unprecedented accuracy. This is achieved through technology comprising inertial sensors, high precision laser metrology, drag-free control, and an ultra precise micro-Newton propulsion system. LISA Pathfinder (LPF) essentially mimics one arm of spaceborne gravitational wave detectors by shrinking the million kilometre scale armlengths down to a few tens of centimetres, giving up the sensitivity to gravitational waves, but keeping the measurement technology. The scientific objective of the LISA Pathfinder mission consists then of the first in-flight test of low frequency gravitational wave detection metrology. In this paper I will give a brief overview of the mission, focusing on scientific and technical goals.
Published: 2013

36. Geometrical optimization of superconducting levitation systems based on the complete Meissner effect

Author: C C Speake and C Trenkel
Subjects: Physics, Superconductivity, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Field (physics), Mechanics, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Electromagnetic coil, Meissner effect, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Levitation, Diamagnetism, Electrical conductor, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Magnetic levitation
Abstract: We analyse superconducting magnetic levitation systems where both the suspended body and the field-generating conductors are perfectly diamagnetic. We develop a method to find a spatial distribution of the windings underneath a planar superconductor which maximizes the achievable magnetic support field, for a given maximum field at the windings. The basic method consists of tuning the horizontal and vertical field components according to the corresponding field enhancement factors at the windings. Using customized windings of varying pitch, it appears that improvements in lift force by factors of 2 or more are possible.
Published: 1996

37. The LISA Pathfinder interferometryhardware and system testing

Author: H. Ward, S. Strandmoe, A. Monsky, Gudrun Wanner, M. Schulte, Juan Ramos-Castro, Felipe Guzman, Peter Wass, Gerhard Heinzel, A.M. Taylor, D. Fertin, Walter Fichter, Davor Mance, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, D. Gerardi, C. Trenkel, D. Hoyland, V. Wand, X. Llamas, Matteo Benedetti, Heather Audley, D. Texier, D. Nicolini, A. Perreca, J. A. Romera Perez, B. Rais, C. Boatella, Michele Armano, Eric Plagnol, J. Bogenstahl, Ignacio Mateos, Philippe Jetzer, M. Freschi, Ulrich Johann, Daniele Bortoluzzi, M. Diaz-Aguilo, Karsten Danzmann, F. Pedersen, D. Tombolato, Ivan Lloro, B. Guillaume, D. Shaul, J. Huesler, P. Prat, W. J. Weber, A. Lobo, M. Caleno, J. H. Hough, A. Conchillo, T. J. Sumner, O. Jeannin, I. Harrison, Miquel Nofrarías, Giuseppe D. Racca, D. I. Robertson, Domenico Giardini, F. Antonucci, Frank Steier, Rita Dolesi, M. Cesa, C. García Marirrodriga, M. Cruise, L. Stagnaro, S. Waschke, M. Chmeissani, Mauro Hueller, Stefano Vitale, J. Reiche, I. Cristofolini, Ewan Fitzsimons, G. Dixon, H. Rozemeijer, Pierre Binétruy, B. Johlander, Daniele Nicolodi, S. Madden, A. F. Garcia Marin, Giacomo Ciani, Christian J. Killow, Ingo Diepholz, Peter Zweifel, Antonella Cavalleri, F. De Marchi, P. Luetzow-Wentzky, Catia Grimani, J. Fauste, Lluis Gesa, Oliver Jennrich, G. Auger, Martin Hewitson, Daniel Hollington, R. Maarschalkerweerd, A. Grynagier, Paul McNamara, Gerald Hechenblaikner, J. Sanjuan, Paolo Bosetti, R. Gerndt, F. Gibert, E. Mitchell, José F. F. Mendes, G. Congedo, Luigi Ferraioli, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, EADS Astrium GmbH, Gruppo Collegato di Trento, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), DCT / AQ / EC, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), European Space Technology Centre, Institut de Física d’Altes Energies [Barcelone] (IFAE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Department of Physics [Gainesville] (UF|Physics), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Facultat de Ciències, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC-CSIC), School of Physics and Astronomy [Birmingham], University of Birmingham [Birmingham], EPSC, Institut für Flugmechanik und Flugregelung, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Glasgow], University of Glasgow, Institut für Geophysik [Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Istituto di Fisica, INFN Urbino, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), European Space Operations Centre, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), NTE-SENER, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica [Barcelona], Astrium Ltd, APC - Cosmologie, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, APC - THEORIE, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut für theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg (UHH)-Universität Hamburg (UHH), LISA, Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Department of Physics [Gainesville], University of Florida [Gainesville], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Universität Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut für theoretische Physik
Subjects: Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Integration testing, business.industry, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 99.55.Ym, System testing, 01 natural sciences, 04.80.Nn, 07.60.Ly, Toolbox, Test (assessment), [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Interferometry, Pathfinder, 0103 physical sciences, Data analysis, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], 010306 general physics, MATLAB, business, computer, Computer hardware, computer.programming_language
Abstract: International audience; The LISA Pathfinder interferometry- hardware and system testing 2 Abstract. Preparations for the LISA Pathfinder mission have reached an exciting stage. Tests of the engineering model (EM) of the optical metrology system (OMS) have recently been completed at the Albert Einstein Institute, Hannover, and flight model (FM) tests are now underway. Significantly, they represent the first complete integration and testing of the space-qualified hardware and are the first tests on an optical system level. The results and test procedures of these campaigns will be utilised directly in the ground-based flight hardware tests, and subsequently during in-flight operations. In addition, they allow valuable testing of the data analysis methods using the MATLAB based LTP data analysis (LTPDA) toolbox. This paper presents an overview of the results from the EM test campaign that was successfully completed in December 2009. The LISA Pathfinder interferometry- hardware and system testing 3
Published: 2011

38. LISA Pathfinder data analysis

Author: Lluis Gesa, G. Auger, R. Maarschalkerweerd, S. Strandmoe, Ivan Lloro, Gudrun Wanner, Juan Ramos-Castro, X. Llamas, Antonella Cavalleri, Karsten Danzmann, Michele Armano, S. Madden, A. Perreca, D. Fertin, M. Freschi, H. Rozemeijer, I. Harrison, M. Schulte, Ignacio Mateos, M. Cesa, Pierre Binétruy, D. Shaul, D. Texier, Michael Perreur-Lloyd, O. Jeannin, Paolo Bosetti, C. García Marirrodriga, T. J. Sumner, J. Fauste, Felipe Guzman, A. Monsky, B. Guillaume, M. Caleno, Gerhard Heinzel, Ingo Diepholz, D. I. Robertson, M. Chmeissani, Mauro Hueller, P. Prat, Peter Wass, D. Mance, A. Conchillo, Ewan Fitzsimons, A.M. Taylor, J. H. Hough, A. Grynagier, H. Ward, Paul McNamara, A. Lobo, D. Nicolini, D. Tombolato, Giuseppe D. Racca, Matteo Benedetti, F. Antonucci, J. Reiche, C. Trenkel, G. Dixon, G. Congedo, Luigi Ferraioli, J. Huesler, J. A. Romera Perez, Giacomo Ciani, J. Sanjuan, B. Rais, C. Boatella, Eric Plagnol, Domenico Giardini, Frank Steier, M. Diaz-Aguilo, Peter Zweifel, Oliver Jennrich, F. De Marchi, Daniele Bortoluzzi, F. Pedersen, E. Mitchell, José F. F. Mendes, Catia Grimani, Daniele Nicolodi, I. Cristofolini, Philippe Jetzer, Christian J. Killow, Miquel Nofrarías, Rita Dolesi, W. J. Weber, A. F. Garcia Marin, L. Stagnaro, Martin Hewitson, Daniel Hollington, B. Johlander, Heather Audley, S. Waschke, J. Bogenstahl, M. Cruise, Stefano Vitale, Walter Fichter, D. Hoyland, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), APC - THEORIE, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut für theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg (UHH)-Universität Hamburg (UHH), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), LISA, Gruppo Collegato di Trento, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, DCT / AQ / EC, European Space Technology Centre, Institut de Física d’Altes Energies [Barcelone] (IFAE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Department of Physics [Gainesville] (UF|Physics), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), ICE, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC-CSIC), School of Physics and Astronomy [Birmingham], University of Birmingham [Birmingham], EPSC, Institut für Flugmechanik und Flugregelung, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Glasgow], University of Glasgow, Institut für Geophysik [Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Istituto di Fisica, INFN Urbino, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), European Space Operations Centre, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), NTE-SENER, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica [Barcelona], Astrium Ltd, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut für theoretische Physik, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Department of Physics [Gainesville], University of Florida [Gainesville], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Universität Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC)
Subjects: Physics, Mission operations, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 01 natural sciences, Phase (combat), [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Noise, Identification (information), Pathfinder, Full data, Physical Sciences, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Systems engineering, Key (cryptography), Satellite, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: International audience; As the launch of LISA Pathfinder draws near, more and more effort is being put in to the preparation of the data analysis activities that will be carried out during the mission operations. The operations phase of the mission will be composed of a series of experiments that will be carried out on the satellite. These experiments will be directed and analysed by the data analysis team, which is part of the operations team. The operations phase will last about 90 days, during which time the data analysis team aims to fully characterise the LISA Pathfinder satellite, and in particular, its core instrument the LISA Technology Package. By analysing the various couplings present in the system, the different noise sources that will disturb the system, and through the identification of the key physical parameters of the system, a detailed noise budget of the instrument will be constructed that will allow the performance of the different subsystems to be assessed and projected towards LISA. This paper describes the various aspects of the full data analysis chain that are needed to successfully characterise LPF and build up the noise budget during mission operations.
Published: 2011

39. From laboratory experiments to LISA Pathfinder: achieving LISA geodesic motion

Author: F Antonucci, M Armano, H Audley, G Auger, M Benedetti, P Binetruy, C Boatella, J Bogenstahl, D Bortoluzzi, P Bosetti, N Brandt, M Caleno, A Cavalleri, M Cesa, M Chmeissani, G Ciani, A Conchillo, G Congedo, I Cristofolini, M Cruise, K Danzmann, F De Marchi, M Diaz-Aguilo, I Diepholz, G Dixon, R Dolesi, N Dunbar, J Fauste, L Ferraioli, D Fertin, W Fichter, E Fitzsimons, M Freschi, A García Marin, C García Marirrodriga, R Gerndt, L Gesa, D Giardini, F Gibert, C Grimani, A Grynagier, B Guillaume, F Guzmán, I Harrison, G Heinzel, M Hewitson, D Hollington, J Hough, D Hoyland, M Hueller, J Huesler, O Jeannin, O Jennrich, P Jetzer, B Johlander, C Killow, X Llamas, I Lloro, A Lobo, R Maarschalkerweerd, S Madden, D Mance, I Mateos, P W McNamara, J Mendes, E Mitchell, A Monsky, D Nicolini, D Nicolodi, M Nofrarias, F Pedersen, M Perreur-Lloyd, A Perreca, E Plagnol, P Prat, G D Racca, B Rais, J Ramos-Castro, J Reiche, J A Romera Perez, D Robertson, H Rozemeijer, J Sanjuan, A Schleicher, M Schulte, D Shaul, L Stagnaro, S Strandmoe, F Steier, T J Sumner, A Taylor, D Texier, C Trenkel, D Tombolato, S Vitale, G Wanner, H Ward, S Waschke, P Wass, W J Weber, P Zweifel, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Gruppo Collegato di Trento, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA), Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), DCT / AQ / EC, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Astrium GmbH, European Space Technology Centre, Institut de Física d’Altes Energies [Barcelone] (IFAE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Department of Physics [Gainesville] (UF|Physics), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Facultat de Ciències, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC-CSIC), School of Physics and Astronomy [Birmingham], University of Birmingham [Birmingham], EPSC, Astrium Ltd, Institut für Flugmechanik und Flugregelung, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Glasgow], University of Glasgow, Institut für Geophysik [Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Istituto di Fisica, NASA, European Space Operations Centre, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN, Gruppo Collegato di Trento, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), NTE-SENER, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica [Barcelona], APC - Cosmologie, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, APC - THEORIE, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut für theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg (UHH)-Universität Hamburg (UHH), LISA, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut für theoretische Physik, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Department of Physics [Gainesville], University of Florida [Gainesville], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Universität Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC)
Subjects: Ground testing, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Geodesic, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), 01 natural sciences, Motion (physics), General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Acceleration, 0103 physical sciences, Quantitative assessment, Aerospace engineering, ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 01 Mathematical Sciences, MISSION, Physics, Science & Technology, PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY, 02 Physical Sciences, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, PHYSICS, PARTICLES & FIELDS, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Noise, Pathfinder, Physical Sciences, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: This paper presents a quantitative assessment of the performance of the upcoming LISA Pathfinder geodesic explorer mission. The findings are based on the results of extensive ground testing and simulation campaigns using flight hardware and flight control and operations algorithms. The results show that, for the central experiment of measuring the stray differential acceleration between the LISA test masses, LISA Pathfinder will be able to verify the overall acceleration noise to within a factor two of the LISA requirement at 1 mHz and within a factor 6 at 0.1 mHz. We also discuss the key elements of the physical model of disturbances, coming from LISA Pathfinder and ground measurement, that will guarantee the LISA performance., Proceedings of the 8th LISA Symposium. To appear Class. Quantum Grav. 28 (2011)
Published: 2011

40. A search for leptoquarks, leptogluons and excited leptons in H1 at HERA

Author: C. Jacobsson, Leith Godfrey, M. Savitsky, Th. Wolff, G. Villet, Pierre Marage, I. R. Kenyon, E. Malinovski, M. Kuhlen, E. Evrard, H. Spitzer, G. Siegmon, C. Zeitnitz, Dave Sankey, G. D. Patel, H. Meyer, W. Scobel, L. Smolik, U. Seehausen, D.P. Johnson, R. Nisius, M. W. Krasny, J. Cvach, A. Courau, M. Colombo, Murrough Landon, J. V. Morris, Michel Devel, U. Kathage, J. Riedlberger, M. Vecko, T. Ahmed, M. Jaffre, W. Ko, J. E. Olsson, W. Bartel, C. A. Meyer, H. U. Martyn, B. Delcourt, M. Forbush, A. Schwind, M. Nyberg, J. Harjes, A. E. Wright, F. Moreau, J. Hladký, J. D. Dowell, S. M. Robertson, Kerstin Borras, U. Stösslein, J. Garvey, A. Semenov, P. Baranov, R. J. Ellison, R. Bernet, A. Jacholkowska, F. W. Büsser, P. Goritchev, E. Gabathuler, C. Leverenz, A. M. Fomenko, W. Braunschweig, P. Fuhrmann, A. Lebedev, F. Charles, M. Rietz, I. Sheviakov, D. Haidt, Peter Schleper, O. Hamon, K. Gamerdinger, R. Sell, R. Herma, I. O. Skillicorn, S. J. McMahon, D. Neyret, L. Goerlich, Andrew Mehta, J. Moreels, G. Heinzelmann, F. Brasse, Leif J. Jönsson, D. Handschuh, H. Itterbeck, S. Peters, U. Krüger, M. Fleischer, U. Siewert, J-P. Meyer, H. Küster, S. Masson, U. Bassler, G. Cozzika, Marc Besancon, E. Barrelet, N. Huot, S. A. Murray, M. Zimmer, W. von Schlippe, A.S. Belousov, F. Eisele, T. Merz, Daniel Pitzl, J. Žáček, S. Dagoret, H. Lohmander, V. Milone, H. Krehbiel, K. Johannsen, J.P. Phillips, Stefan Valkar, M. Ibbotson, T. Jansen, P. Truöl, I. Tichomirov, Christophe Royon, M. Ruffer, Ch. Berger, S. Orenstein, T. R. Ebert, F. Raupach, P. I. P. Kalmus, S. Kasarian, J. Ferencei, V I. Shekelyan, R. Haydar, P. C. Bosetti, G. Rädel, R. Felst, S. K. Kotelnikov, L. Hajduk, C. Trenkel, Hannes Jung, D. Gillespie, B. Kuznik, L. Büngener, Armen Vartapetian, C. Vallée, M. Eberle, Mario David, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, P. Závada, Ph. Huet, B. Naroska, G. Buschborn, J. M. Foster, Vincent Hedberg, G. Knies, H. Hufnagel, J. Ebert, Hermann Kolanoski, I. Herynek, D. Clarke, M. Korn, R. D. Appuhn, Ch. Pichler, S. Mani, Pavel Murin, D. Mercer, V. Brisson, John A Coughlan, A. Fedotov, G. Nowak, T. P. Yiou, C. Pascaud, H. Grässler, Guenter Eckerlin, R. Vick, Peter Loch, Dusan Bruncko, Martin Erdmann, H. P. Beck, U. Obrock, Stephen Burke, H. Shooshtari, R. D. Martin, F. Niebergall, V. Korbel, N. Wulff, D. Lüers, J. Haack, F. Ferrarotto, W. Pilgram, H. Genzel, M. Gennis, S. Kermiche, Ch. Ley, J. Tutas, J. D. Burger, P. Kasselmann, G. Thompson, R. Prosi, J. Duboc, B. Stella, N. Magnussen, H. Greif, C.D. Hilton, H. B. Dreis, N. Sahlmann, Pavel Staroba, G. Lindström, C. Gruber, S. J. Maxfield, F. Zomer, A. M. Goodall, M. Rudowicz, W. Flauger, R. Langkau, D. Düllmann, P. Biddulph, L. Del Buono, R. Ebbinghaus, A. De Roeck, P. Van Esch, E. Elsen, I. Abt, Richard E. Taylor, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, A. Rostovtsev, Claus Kleinwort, M. Goldberg, M. A. Jabiol, S. Eichenberger, G. Bertrand-Coremans, H. K. Nguyen, I. V. Gorelov, K. Müller, Mikhail Danilov, D. Lewin, V. Schröder, A. Drescher, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, L. Urban, Laurent Favart, H. Henschel, A. Wegner, H. Oberlack, Yves Sirois, A. Valkarova, H. H. Kaufmann, S. Egli, G. Weber, T. Kurča, H. Bärwolff, H. Ziaeepour, J. Kurzhöfer, U. Straumann, V. Nagovizin, A. W. E. Dann, C. Dollfus, L. Criegee, S. Levonian, R. Eichler, J. Martyniak, J. P. Kubenka, A. Usik, J. Lipinski, G. Franke, C. Thiebaux, A. B. Clegg, Vladimir Andreev, B. Fominykh, L.A. Womersley, G. W. Noyes, G. Flügge, I. W. Walker, K. Flamm, P. Schacht, R. Kaschowitz, A. Leuschner, Christoph Grab, A. Mavroidis, S. Rusakov, J. Formánek, A. Walther, J. Stier, Ulrich Goerlach, J. Marks, Y. Vazdik, W. Zimmermann, A. Gellrich, P. Verrecchia, H. Bergstein, S. D. Kolya, Th. Naumann, F. Ould-Saada, H. Duhm, H.T. Phillips, M. Schulz, E. Deffur, I.F. Fensome, P. Kostka, J. Gayler, J. F. Laporte, P. Ribarics, Y. Soloviev, E. Fretwurst, Tim Greenshaw, A. Buniatian, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, A. Lindner, R. Roosen, R. Marshall, P. Hill, J. Bán, J. Heatherington, Emmanuel Monnier, T. Köhler, Volker Blobel, C. Keuker, D. Newton, V. Efremenko, S. Mikocki, Nicolas Ellis, D. Schmidt, M. Seman, P. Lanius, G. C. Lopez, W. Schmitz, V. Tchernyshov, E. Vogel, J. Turnau, V. Boudry, Anton Babaev, J. Strachota, M. Steenbock, B. Andrieu, G. Bernardi, D. Krücker, K. C. Hoeger, V. Riech, M. Hapke, C. Schmidt, J. P. Sutton, U. Braun, R. Gerhards, P. E. Reimer, Alan Campbell, E. M. Hanlon, G. G. Winter, K. Rauschnabel, Wolfgang Lange, G. Grindhammer, P. Steffen, E. Binder, H. P. Wellisch, T. Carli, E. Sanchez, Peter Robmann, A. Bischoff, W. Hildesheim, R. C. W. Henderson, J. R. Smith, S. Willard, O. Dünger, M. Winde, J. P. Pharabod, L. Johnson, C. Kiesling, M. Arpagaus, K. Rybicki, Richard Lander, K. Stephens, E. Peppel, E. Eisenhandler, P. Dingus, J. Martens, F. Kole, W.D. Dau, J. B. Dainton, Claire Bourdarios, J. Feltesse, Max Klein, D. Feeken, P. A. Smirnov, and K. Meier
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Branching fraction, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Elementary particle, HERA, Nuclear physics, Excited state, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Leptoquark, Neutrino, Lepton
Abstract: A direct search for new particles in the H1 experiment at HERA is presented for masses ranging from 35 GeV up to ∼ 250 GeV. The data sample of 24 nb −1 accumulated during the first year of operation was analysed for signatures of scalar and vector leptoquarks, leptogluons, excited electrons and excited neutrinos with flavours of the first generation. No evidence for the production of such particles was found in various possible decay channels. Rejection limits are derived.
Published: 1993

41. Observation of deep inelastic scattering at low x

Author: F. W. Büsser, W. Braunschweig, R. Sell, Grzegorz Nowak, G. Cozzika, C. Jacobsson, U. Siewert, M. Zimmer, E. Malinovski, Stefan Valkar, Vincent Boudry, Jean-Francois Laporte, M. Kuhlen, G. Grindhammer, Hannes Jung, C. Vallée, U. Kathage, P. E. Reimer, P. S. Flower, Alan Campbell, E. M. Hanlon, E. Eisenhandler, P. Staroba, G. G. Winter, Vincent Hedberg, J. Turnau, G. Knies, Leif J. Jönsson, M. Steenbock, G. Bertrand-Coremans, P. Steffen, Kerstin Borras, A. Semenov, G. Thompson, F. Brasse, P. Hartz, R. J. Ellison, B. Andrieu, E. Barrelet, H. Lohmander, A. Wegner, H. P. Wellisch, R. Hedgecock, A. Gellrich, R. Kaschowitz, U. Bassler, J. Moreels, D. Düllmann, Ch. Berger, Karlheinz Meier, C. Trenkel, H. Shooshtari, J. Haack, I. O. Skillicorn, P. Zavada, M. Vecko, K. C. Hoeger, D. Handschuh, I. W. Walker, H. Krehbiel, H. Ziaeepour, J. Kurzhöfer, V. Nagovizin, A. W. E. Dann, R. Eichler, J. P. Kubenka, A. Buniatian, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, I. Herynek, K. Rybicki, H. Henschel, M. Gennis, Ch. Ley, Hans Peter Beck, A. Leuschner, Christoph Grab, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, Frank Raupach, M. Goldberg, H. B. Dreis, M. Colombo, V. Riech, U. Berthon, V. Milone, W.D. Dau, E. Evrard, G. W. Noyes, G. Lindström, P. Hill, J. Bán, C. Gruber, R. Roosen, Emmanuel Monnier, W. Flauger, T. Ahmed, Th. Wolff, Murrough Landon, F. Charles, N. Wulff, A. E. Wright, V. Korbel, I. Sheviakov, M. Hapke, T. Köhler, M. W. Krasny, Armen Vartapetian, P. Kasselmann, H. U. Martyn, Matthias Klein, R. C. W. Henderson, Peter Schacht, G. C. Lopez, U. Krüger, Nicolas Ellis, H. Küster, W. Schmitz, B. Delcourt, R. Felst, G. Bushhorn, M. Eberle, I. R. Kenyon, V. Efremenko, F. Zomer, A. M. Goodall, U. Gensch, E. Vogel, Gregorio Bernardi, P. Baranov, Anton Babaev, C. Leverenz, J. Hladký, S. Eichenberger, H. K. Nguyen, O. Hamon, Jean-Arcady Meyer, H.T. Phillips, V I. Shekelyan, R. Haydar, P. C. Bosetti, H. Spitzer, M. Schulz, I. V. Gorelov, K. Müller, J. D. Burger, S. Peters, C. Schmidt, J. Strachota, U. Braun, S. Mikocki, Peter Schleper, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, Stephen Maxfield, I.F. Fensome, Hermann Kolanoski, R. Prosi, T. R. Ebert, D. Clarke, R. Gerhards, R. Marshall, Dirk Krücker, A. Lindner, K. Rauschnabel, A. Usik, E. Binder, A. B. Clegg, Andrew Mehta, L. Del Buono, Marc Besancon, J. Gayler, Michel Devel, A.S. Belousov, Sergey Rusakov, S. Kermiche, V. Andreev, Volker Blobel, L.A. Womersley, F. Ould-Saada, E. Sanchez, Dusan Bruncko, R. L. Lander, H. Bärwolff, B. Naroska, F. Ferrarotto, P. Truöl, A. Walther, H. Genzel, I. Tichomirov, John A Coughlan, Horst Oberlack, W. Zimmermann, Peter Robmann, M. Ruffer, S. A. Murray, T. Greenshaw, N. Magnussen, S. Orenstein, A. Fedotov, Günter Flügge, T. P. Yiou, J.P. Phillips, Pavel Murin, V. Brisson, H. Grässler, Rosario Martín, J. Ferencei, L. Criegee, H. Hufnagel, P. Van Esch, J. Sacton, N. Sahlmann, A. Rostovtsev, Claus Kleinwort, J. Ebert, O. Dünger, M. Ibbotson, Martin Erdmann, U. Obrock, J. M. Foster, J. Formánek, P. Biddulph, B. Kuznik, M. A. Jabiol, F. Niebergall, Ph. Huet, C.D. Hilton, M. Savitsky, Ch. Pichler, W. von Schlippe, G. Siegmon, C. A. Meyer, T. Merz, J. Cvach, F. Moreau, P. Fuhrmann, J. D. Dowell, R. J. Thompson, Yves Sirois, A. Jacholkowska, Mikhail Danilov, S. D. Kolya, H. Steiner, L. Goerlich, A. Valkarova, D. Levin, J. Martyniak, C. Kiesling, Roland Bernet, S. Kasarian, B. Fominykh, J. Riedlberger, M. Nyberg, J. Harjes, S. M. Robertson, Eckhart Fretwurst, A. De Roeck, Mario David, G. Franke, Richard E. Taylor, R. Nisius, J. R. Smith, L. Urban, S. Mani, R. Herma, Stephen Burke, J. Duboc, B. Stella, T. Kurča, H. Greif, P. Goritchev, K. Gamerdinger, M. Rudowicz, J. Stier, Leith Godfrey, J. Marks, Y. Vazdik, H. Bergstein, C. Zeitnitz, Th. Naumann, Dave Sankey, H. Duhm, E. Gabathuler, E. Deffur, J.M. Morton, P. Kostka, G. D. Patel, P. Ribarics, Y. Soloviev, H. Meyer, W. Scobel, D.P. Johnson, David Schmidt, T. Carli, A. Lebedev, S. Egli, S. Masson, M. Rietz, D. Haidt, G. Heinzelmann, J.P. Sutton, J. V. Morris, D. Lüers, M. Forbush, A. Schwind, P. Verrecchia, V. Schröder, S. Levonian, H. H. Kaufmann, Eckhard Elsen, A. Mavroidis, P. I. P. Kalmus, Y. Feng, G. A. Beck, J. Garvey, A. M. Fomenko, N. Huot, W. Hildesheim, S. Willard, M. Winde, L. Johnson, M. Fleischer, K. Stephens, E. Peppel, M. Arpagaus, L. Smolik, U. Seehausen, K. Johannsen, J. Zacek, Christophe Royon, D. Gillespie, C. Pascaud, Guenter Eckerlin, R. Vick, J. Tutas, D. Feeken, R. Langkau, Laurent Favart, C. Dollfus, E. Ryseck, Ulrich Goerlach, M. Korn, G. Weber, U. Straumann, P. Dingus, J. Heatherington, D. Newton, Daniel Pitzl, M. Seman, P. Lanius, V. Tchernyshov, J. Martens, F. Kole, S. K. Kotelnikov, L. Hajduk, Peter Loch, J. B. Dainton, W. Pilgram, Claire Bourdarios, J. Feltesse, G. Villet, Pierre Marage, A. Courau, P. A. Smirnov, F. Eisele, Steve McMahon, A. Drescher, M. Jaffre, J. E. Olsson, and W. Bartel
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Luminosity (scattering theory), Proton, Neutral current, Scattering, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Elementary particle, Electron, HERA, Nuclear Experiment, Deep inelastic scattering
Abstract: Measurements of the scattered electron energy spectrum and the differential cross sections dσ/d log(x) and dσ/dQ2 for inclusive neutral current deep inelastic electron-proton scattering are presented. The data were obtained with the H1 detector at HERA during its first running period in which 26.7 GeV electrons collided with 820 GeV protons. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 1.3 nb−1 and allow the first studies of the structure of the proton at values of x down to 10−4 for Q2 > 5 GeV2.
Published: 1993

42. Total photoproduction cross section measurement at HERA energies

Author: J. D. Burger, M. Colombo, R. Prosi, I.F. Fensome, P. S. Flower, Murrough Landon, A. Lindner, F. Zomer, A. M. Goodall, A. E. Wright, Max Klein, J. M. Foster, Volker Blobel, C. Kiesling, L. Del Buono, M. Savitsky, Leif J. Jönsson, K. C. Hoeger, J. Hladký, D. Schmidt, M. Nyberg, S. Levonian, S. Peters, H. Lohmander, P. A. Smirnov, K. Meier, G. Cozzika, F. Eisele, P. Závada, V. Riech, Peter Schacht, G. C. Lopez, H. Küster, W. Schmitz, J. Cvach, M. Arpagaus, K. Rybicki, T. Ahmed, J.P. Phillips, E. Vogel, Gregorio Bernardi, V. Boudry, Anton Babaev, M. Hapke, K. Stephens, E. Peppel, R. Nisius, R. J. Thompson, Yves Sirois, A. Usik, J. Strachota, Hannes Jung, P. Baranov, B. Kuznik, N. Magnussen, W. Hildesheim, Roland Bernet, N. Sahlmann, Ph. Huet, E. Eisenhandler, Ch. Pichler, Peter Schleper, G. Villet, S. Egli, S. Willard, Pavel Murin, V. Brisson, E. Evrard, G. Franke, H. Grässler, H. Bergstein, J. Riedlberger, Th. Wolff, Stephen Maxfield, J. Harjes, S. M. Robertson, Vincent Hedberg, G. Knies, G. Siegmon, A. Buniatian, Pierre Marage, M. Jaffre, J. E. Olsson, W. Bartel, S. D. Kolya, Th. Naumann, J. Turnau, P. Biddulph, Laurent Favart, P. Dingus, A. B. Clegg, Andrew Mehta, I. R. Kenyon, R. Gerhards, J. Martens, H. Spitzer, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, M. Steenbock, F. W. Büsser, Marc Besancon, A.S. Belousov, W. Braunschweig, C. Dollfus, P. Truöl, R. Roosen, A. Courau, M. Winde, B. Delcourt, Emmanuel Monnier, R. Sell, L. Johnson, Ulrich Goerlach, M. Korn, M. A. Jabiol, P. Staroba, I. W. Walker, J. Haack, F. Moreau, J. D. Dowell, P. Goritchev, H. Duhm, U. Siewert, I. Tichomirov, Grazyna Nowak, M. Zimmer, R. Herma, P. E. Reimer, T. Köhler, B. Andrieu, C. Leverenz, A. Leuschner, Christoph Grab, G. Weber, M. Ruffer, Jean-Francois Laporte, S. Orenstein, Michel Devel, I. O. Skillicorn, H. B. Dreis, A. Jacholkowska, S. Mani, M. Vecko, K. Gamerdinger, E. Barrelet, O. Hamon, U. Straumann, Alan Campbell, E. M. Hanlon, J. B. Dainton, Claire Bourdarios, J. Zacek, J. Ebert, A. Gellrich, G. G. Winter, H. Hufnagel, V. Efremenko, E. Deffur, U. Berthon, Frank Raupach, Armen Vartapetian, G. Grindhammer, H. Shooshtari, C. A. Meyer, J. Heatherington, P. Steffen, H. U. Martyn, S. Mikocki, J.M. Morton, N. Wulff, P. Kostka, P. Ribarics, Ch. Ley, Hermann Kolanoski, D. Clarke, John A Coughlan, P. Kasselmann, P. Fuhrmann, C.D. Hilton, G. Thompson, Ch. Berger, Horst Oberlack, Y. Soloviev, H. P. Wellisch, J. Duboc, B. Stella, D. Feeken, H. Greif, S. Kermiche, L. Goerlich, M. Rudowicz, C. Trenkel, D. Düllmann, Mikhail Danilov, H. Steiner, S. Eichenberger, Stephen Burke, U. Bassler, R. L. Lander, H. Bärwolff, Daniel Pitzl, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, L. Criegee, R. Kaschowitz, D. Levin, J. Martyniak, H. K. Nguyen, I. V. Gorelov, K. Müller, V. Milone, W.D. Dau, A. Mavroidis, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, F. Kole, E. Ryseck, S. Rusakov, J. Formánek, B. Fominykh, Tim Greenshaw, S. K. Kotelnikov, L. Hajduk, R. Felst, P. I. P. Kalmus, M. Eberle, I. Herynek, J. Moreels, Eckhart Fretwurst, J-P. Meyer, Peter Loch, Hans Peter Beck, D. Newton, W. Pilgram, T. Merz, M. Ibbotson, C. Jacobsson, Steve McMahon, T. R. Ebert, M. Seman, S. Kasarian, P. Lanius, P. Hill, J. Bán, V. Tchernyshov, Mario David, A. Fedotov, A. Drescher, M. W. Krasny, Günter Flügge, T. P. Yiou, U. Kathage, E. Malinovski, M. Kuhlen, E. Gabathuler, Nicolas Ellis, Kerstin Borras, A. Semenov, F. Brasse, A. De Roeck, P. Hartz, R. J. Ellison, R. Hedgecock, C. Vallée, Richard E. Taylor, J.R. Smith, M. Gennis, G. Lindström, C. Gruber, W. Flauger, L. Urban, H. Henschel, T. Kurča, J. Stier, J. Marks, Y. Vazdik, G. Bertrand-Coremans, A. Wegner, H. Ziaeepour, J. Kurzhöfer, V. Nagovizin, A. W. E. Dann, R. Eichler, J. P. Kubenka, G. W. Noyes, Peter Robmann, W. von Schlippe, L. Smolik, U. Seehausen, K. Johannsen, F. Charles, Christophe Royon, I. Sheviakov, D. Gillespie, U. Krüger, B. Naroska, J. Sacton, C. Pascaud, Guenter Eckerlin, R. Vick, J. Tutas, V I. Shekelyan, R. Haydar, P. C. Bosetti, O. Dünger, R. Langkau, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, G. A. Beck, J. Garvey, A. M. Fomenko, Dusan Bruncko, S. A. Murray, F. Ferrarotto, H. Genzel, N. Huot, K. Rauschnabel, E. Binder, Martin Erdmann, H. Obrock, Rosario Martín, F. Niebergall, V. Korbel, J. Ferencei, P. Van Esch, E. Elsen, E. Sanchez, A. Rostovtsev, Claus Kleinwort, L.A. Womersley, A. Valkarova, Vladimir Andreev, U. Gensch, A. Walther, F. Ould-Saada, C. Schmidt, U. Braun, W. Zimmermann, D. Handschuh, H. Krehbiel, D. Lüers, P. Verrecchia, G. Buschhorn, V. Schröder, H. H. Kaufmann, Leith Godfrey, H.T. Phillips, M. Schulz, J. Gayler, S. Masson, R. Marshall, Dirk Krücker, J. V. Morris, Y. Feng, M. Forbush, A. Schwind, A. Lebedev, M. Rietz, D. Haidt, G. Heinzelmann, M. Fleischer, J.P. Sutton, S. Valkar, C. Zeitnitz, Dave Sankey, G. D. Patel, H. Meyer, W. Scobel, D.P. Johnson, T. Carli, R. C. W. Henderson, and J. Feltesse
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Range (particle radiation), Photon, Hadron, Elementary particle, Electron, HERA, Nuclear physics, Cross section (physics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Center of mass, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present first results on the total photoproduction cross section measurement with the H1 detector at HERA. The data were extracted from low Q2 collisions of 26.7 GeV electrons with 820 GeV protons. The γp total cross section has been measured by two independent methods in the γp center of mass energy range from 90 to 290 GeV. For an average center of mass energy of 195 GeV a value of σtot (γp) = 159 ± 7 (stat.) ± 20 (syst.) μb was obtained.
Published: 1993

43. An alternative boundary condition for superconductors

Author: C Trenkel and C C Speake
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), Superconductivity, Physics, Field (physics), Condensed matter physics, Metals and Alloys, Zero (complex analysis), Condensed Matter Physics, Magnetostatics, Magnetic field, Meissner effect, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, Boundary value problem, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Abstract: For numerical magnetostatic calculations involving superconductors in the perfect Meissner state, we replace the traditional boundary condition of zero normal magnetic field at a superconducting surface by that of zero tangential field at the inside of any such surface.
Published: 2001

44. Hard scattering in γp interactions

Author: Alan Campbell, E. M. Hanlon, G. G. Winter, T. Ahmed, G. Grindhammer, P. Steffen, P. Baranov, M. Jaffre, J. E. Olsson, J-P. Meyer, Peter Schleper, H. P. Wellisch, W. Bartel, C. Schmidt, U. Braun, F. W. Büsser, Marc Besancon, W. Braunschweig, Stephen Maxfield, W. von Schlippe, R. Sell, A. DeRoeck, T. Merz, U. Siewert, M. Zimmer, A.S. Belousov, W. Pilgram, P. Truöl, A. Buniatian, Jean-Francois Laporte, M. Ibbotson, M. Rüffer, P. Loch, I. Tichomirov, D. Wegener, W.J. Haynes, A. B. Clegg, B. Kuznik, Emmanuel Monnier, C. A. Meyer, R. Kaschowitz, K. C. Hoeger, Andrew Mehta, D. Handschuh, H. Krehbiel, Leif J. Jönsson, H. Lohmander, S. Kasarian, Frank Raupach, S. A. Murray, T. Köhler, M. W. Krasny, S. M. Robertson, I. R. Kenyon, H. Spitzer, H. U. Martyn, V. Riech, Ph. Huet, K. Rauschnabel, N. Wulff, Armen Vartapetian, Ch. Pichler, E. Binder, J. Riedlberger, Michel Devel, G. Thompson, V. Efremenko, H. Hufnagel, P. Kasselmann, P. VanEsch, M. Hapke, G. Buschhorn, P. Fuhrmann, P. Hill, J. Bán, S. Mikocki, E. Sanchez, D. Düllmann, E. Vogel, L. Goerlich, R. C. W. Henderson, C.D. Hilton, Kerstin Borras, Vincent Hedberg, G. Knies, S. Orenstein, Nicolas Ellis, H. J. Behrend, J.C. Bizot, M. Goldberg, Martin Erdmann, W. Zimmermann, U. Obrock, J. Moreels, A. Semenov, R. Gerhards, E. Malinovski, J. Ference, H. Steiner, G. Bertrand-Coremans, F. Niebergall, V. Korbel, R. Roosen, N. Magnussen, D. Levin, J. Martyniak, M. Kuhlen, D. Lüers, G. Cozzika, F. Eisele, J.P. Phillips, R. Bernet, Stefan Valkar, L. Criegee, N. Sahlmann, A. Usik, J. Ebert, J. Haack, B. Fominykh, R. Nisius, R. Prosi, F. Brasse, R. L. Lander, Peter Robmann, H. Shooshtari, S. Egli, P. Hartz, I. O. Skillicorn, Hannes Jung, H. B. Dreis, T. R. Ebert, H. Bärwolff, E. Barrelet, S. Rusakov, J. Formánek, P. Biddulph, M. A. Jabiol, J. Zacek, S. Mani, U. Berthon, P. Staroba, A. Wegner, Vladimir Andreev, D. Gillespie, M. Danilov, Ch. Ley, P. Verrecchia, A. Fedotov, Ch. Berger, H. P. Beck, Hermann Kolanoski, D. Clarke, Eckhart Fretwurst, Günter Flügge, Stephen Burke, T. P. Yiou, J. Turnau, D. P. C. Sankey, I. F. Fensome, U. Bassler, R. J. Ellison, I. W. Walker, E. Evrard, O. Dünger, C. Trenkel, M. Steenbock, G. A. Beck, R. Hedgecock, A. Leuschner, Christoph Grab, F. Zomer, A. M. Goodall, H. Ziaeepour, J. Kurzhöfer, B. Andrieu, M. Colombo, V. Milone, Murrough Landon, V. Nagovizin, A. W. E. Dann, W.D. Dau, John A Coughlan, A. Babayev, J. Hladky, R. Eichler, I. Herynek, Horst Oberlack, G. Siegmon, B. Delcourt, A. Lebedev, L. Delbuono, Grzegorz Nowak, C. Vallée, H. K. Nguyen, I. V. Gorelov, K. Müller, M. Schulz, J. Gayler, R. Grässler, Ch. Coutures, W. Struczinski, A. E. Wright, V. Schröder, R. Felst, Richard E. Taylor, M. Eberle, J. M. Foster, C. Leverenz, J. Duboc, B. Stella, S. Eichenberger, H. Greif, F. Ould-Saada, O. Hamon, J. P. Kubenka, M. Savitsky, L. A. Womersley, P. Zavada, M. Vecko, L. Urban, R. J. Thompson, Yves Sirois, U. Gensch, M. Rietz, H. Henschel, F. Moreau, H. H. Kaufmann, J. D. Dowell, M. Rudowicz, J. Cvach, T. Kurča, J. R. Smith, R. Marshall, Dirk Krücker, S. Peters, A. Jacholkowska, R. Herma, U. Kathage, M. Gennis, D. Haidt, Dusan Bruncko, G. Franke, E. Gabathuler, F. Ferrarotto, H. Genzel, G. Lindström, C. Gruber, W. Flauger, Leith Godfrey, A. Walther, M. Nyberg, J. Harjes, P. Goritchev, A. Valkarova, Rosario Martín, K. Gamerdinger, E. Elsen, J. Marks, H. Bergstein, A. Rostovtsev, S. D. Kolya, Claus Kleinwort, Th. Naumann, H. Duhm, F. Charles, I. Sheviakov, E. Deffur, U. Krüger, J.M. Morton, P. Kostka, P. Ribarics, Y. Soloviev, M. David, V I. Shekelyan, R. Haydar, P. C. Bosetti, K. Wacker, R. Steinberg, G. Heinzelmann, U. Lenhardt, S. Levonian, M. Fleischer, S. Kermiche, J.P. Sutton, J. Bürger, A. Mavroidis, H. Küster, P. I. P. Kalmus, S. Masson, C. Zeitnitz, G. D. Patel, H. Meyer, W. Scobel, D.P. Johnson, A. Gellrich, M. Th. Wolff, T. Carli, J. V. Morris, M. Forbush, A. Schwind, L. Smolik, U. Seehausen, K. Johannsen, Christophe Royon, Y. Feng, B. Naroska, C. Pascaud, Guenter Eckerlin, R. Vick, J. Tutas, R. Langkau, H. Grässler, J. Garvey, A. M. Fomenko, N. Huot, J. Feltesse, D. Feeken, Max Klein, C. Kiesling, P. A. Smirnov, K. Meier, J. Martens, F. Kole, M. Arpagaus, K. Rybicki, J. B. Dainton, Claire Bourdarios, W. Hildesheim, K. Stephens, E. Peppel, H. T. Phillips, E. Eisenhandler, S. Willard, P. Dingus, J. Vasdik, M. Winde, L. Johnson, Steve McMahon, Tim Greenshaw, J. Heatherington, Pavel Murin, V. Brisson, D. Newton, M. Seman, G. W. Noyes, P. Lanius, V. Tchernyshov, Laurent Favart, A. Drescher, C. Dollfus, Ulrich Goerlach, E. Ryseck, M. Korn, Daniel Pitzl, G. Weber, U. Straumann, Volker Blobel, D. Schmidt, S. K. Kotelnikov, L. Hajduk, Peter Schacht, G. C. Lopez, W. Schmitz, C. Jacobson, Gregorio Bernardi, V. Boudry, J. Strachota, Jean Sacton, G. Villet, Pierre Marage, A. Courau, and P. E. Reimer
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Photon, Scattering, Detector, HERA, Jet (particle physics), Spectral line, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Collider
Abstract: We report on the investigation of the final state in interactions of quasi-real photons with protons. The data were taken with the H1 detector at the HERA ep collider. Evidence for hard interactions is seen in both single particle spectra and jet formation. The data can best be described by inclusion of resolved photon processess as predicted by QCD.
Published: 1992

45. Constraints on composition independent Yukawa interactions inferred from measurements of the Newtonian gravitational constant

Author: C. Trenkel
Subjects: Gravitation, Gravitational constant, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Quantum mechanics, Newtonian fluid, Yukawa potential, Range (statistics), Cosmological constant, Composition (combinatorics), Yukawa interaction, Computational physics
Abstract: Two independent measurements of the Newtonian gravitational constant G, with stated relative uncertainties below 20 ppm, have been reported in the literature. These measurements were carried out at significantly different separations between source and test masses. The close agreement between the two reported values is used to derive constraints on the existence of a single, composition-independent Yukawa interaction at intermediate ranges. These inferred limits are tighter than those obtained through direct search, for ranges between about 2 cm and 1 m. At a range of 10 cm, the improvement is by a factor of approximately 50.
Published: 2008

46. New spin source to search for scalar-pseudoscalar couplings at short range

Author: Clive C. Speake, C. Trenkel, G. K. Rochester, D. Shaul, T. J. Sumner, G. D. Hammond, and A. Pulido Patón
Subjects: Physics, Pseudoscalar, Coupling, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spins, Quantum mechanics, Scalar (mathematics), Torsion (mechanics), Torque, Spin engineering, Torsion spring
Abstract: We describe the design and performance of a new source of polarized spins that can be employed in experiments that search for macroscopic interactions between particles with intrinsic spin. In this article we concentrate on the analysis of the performance of the spin source in generating putative scalar-pseudoscalar forces. We outline two methods of calculating the magnitude of such forces and compare the predictions of the models. We discuss the manufacture of the spin source and the measurements that we have carried out in order to place upper limits on systematic effects that would limit the sensitivity of such searches. We have shown, in a recent article to Physical Review Letters [G. D. Hammond, C. C. Speake, C. Trenkel, and A. Pulido-Paton, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 081101 (2007)], that the combination of the spin source together with the torque sensitivity of our torsion balance improves constraints on the coupling strength of macroscopic scalar-pseudoscalar interactions by 10 orders of magnitude at a range of 1 mm. This paper further supports that work and provides a detailed description and characterization of the spin source.
Published: 2008

47. New constraints on short-range forces coupling mass to intrinsic spin

Author: Clive C. Speake, Antonio Pulido Patón, G. D. Hammond, and C. Trenkel
Subjects: Physics, Superconductivity, Particle physics, Range (particle radiation), General Physics and Astronomy, New device, Limit (mathematics), Sensitivity (control systems), Atomic physics, Coupling (probability), Torsion spring, Spin-½
Abstract: A new device that we refer to as the spherical superconducting torsion balance has been used to search for a new force coupling mass to intrinsic spin. Our experimental approach also employs a novel spin-source geometry that allows unprecedented sensitivity in the range 100 mumlambda5 mm. We place new limits on the dimensionless coupling constant of such an interaction of g_{p};{e}g_{s}(-1.9+/-(1.3)_{stat}+/-(1.5)_{syst})x10;{-26} for lambda10 mm at 1sigma confidence. At a range of 1 mm our most relaxed limit is g_{p};{e}g_{s}1.5x10;{-24}.
Published: 2006

48. Forces between conducting surfaces due to spatial variations of surface potential

Author: Clive C. Speake and C. Trenkel
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), Casimir effect, Body force, Physics, Classical mechanics, Electrostatic force microscope, Numerical analysis, General Physics and Astronomy, Mechanics, Electrostatics, Conservative force, Contact force
Abstract: We describe analytical and numerical methods for calculating forces between conductors due to variations of electrostatic surface potential across their surfaces. In the simple case where the spatial variation of surface potential gives rise to uniform power spectra, we show that the electrostatic force can be large in comparison with, and scale in approximately the same way with distance of closest approach as, the Casimir force. Patch potentials that are consistent with existing experimental data could give rise to forces with a magnitude of 4% of the Casimir force at separations of 0.1 microm.
Published: 2002

49. Interaction potential between extended bodies

Author: C. C. Speake and C. Trenkel
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Classical mechanics, Interaction potential
Published: 1999

50. The H1 detector at HERA

Author: I. Abt, T. Ahmed, S. Aid, V. Andreev, B. Andrieu, R.D. Appuhn, C. Arnault, M. Arpagaus, A. Babaev, H. Bärwolff, J. Bán, E. Banas, P. Baranov, E. Barrelet, W. Bartel, M. Barth, U. Bassler, F. Basti, D.E. Baynham, J.-M. Baze, G.A. Beck, H.P. Beck, D. Bederede, H.-J. Behrend, C. Beigbeder, A. Belousov, Ch. Berger, H. Bergstein, R. Bernard, G. Bernardi, R. Bernet, R. Bernier, U. Berthon, G. Bertrand-Coremans, M. Besançon, R. Beyer, J.-C. Biasci, P. Biddulph, V. Bidoli, E. Binder, P. Binko, J.-C. Bizot, V. Blobel, F. Blouzon, H. Blume, K. Borras, V. Boudry, C. Bourdarios, F. Brasse, W. Braunschweig, D. Breton, H. Brettel, V. Brisson, D. Bruncko, C. Brune, U. Buchner, L. Büngener, J. Bürger, F.W. Büsser, A. Buniatian, S. Burke, P. Burmeister, A. Busata, G. Buschhorn, A.J. Campbell, T. Carli, F. Charles, M. Charlet, R. Chase, D. Clarke, A.B. Clegg, M. Colombo, V. Commichau, J.F. Connolly, U. Cornett, J.A. Coughlan, A. Courau, M.-C. Cousinou, Ch. Coutures, A. Coville, G. Cozzika, D.A. Cragg, L. Criegee, H.I. Cronström, N.H. Cunliffe, J. Cvach, A. Cyz, S. Dagoret, J.B. Dainton, M. Danilov, A.W.E. Dann, D. Darvill, W.D. Dau, J. David, M. David, R.J. Day, E. Deffur, B. Delcourt, L. Del Buono, F. Descamps, M. Devel, J.P. Dewulf, A. De Roeck, P. Dingus, K. Djidi, C. Dollfus, J.D. Dowell, H.B. Dreis, A. Drescher, U. Dretzler, J. Duboc, A. Ducorps, D. Düllmann, O. Dünger, H. Duhm, B. Dulny, F. Dupont, R. Ebbinghaus, M. Eberle, J. Ebert, T.R. Ebert, G. Eckerlin, B.W.H. Edwards, V. Efremenko, S. Egli, S. Eichenberger, R. Eichler, F. Eisele, E. Eisenhandler, N.N. Ellis, R.J. Ellison, E. Elsen, A. Epifantsev, M. Erdmann, W. Erdmann, G. Ernst, E. Evrard, G. Falley, L. Favart, A. Fedotov, D. Feeken, R. Felst, J. Feltesse, Z.Y. Feng, I.F. Fensome, J. Fent, J. Ferencei, F. Ferrarotto, K. Finke, K. Flamm, W. Flauger, M. Fleischer, M. Flieser, P.S. Flower, G. Flügge, A. Fomenko, B. Fominykh, M. Forbush, J. Formánek, J.M. Foster, G. Franke, E. Fretwurst, W. Fröchtenicht, P. Fuhrmann, E. Gabathuler, K. Gabathuler, K. Gadow, K. Gamerdinger, J. Garvey, J. Gayler, E. Gažo, A. Gellrich, M. Gennis, U. Gensch, H. Genzel, R. Gerhards, K. Geske, I. Giesgen, D. Gillespie, W. Glasgow, L. Godfrey, J. Godlewski, U. Goerlach, L. Goerlich, N. Gogitidze, M. Goldberg, A.M. Goodall, I. Gorelov, P. Goritchev, L. Gosset, C. Grab, H. Grässler, R. Grässler, T. Greenshaw, C. Gregory, H. Greif, M. Grewe, G. Grindhammer, A. Gruber, C. Gruber, S. Günther, J. Haack, M. Haguenauer, D. Haidt, L. Hajduk, D. Hammer, O. Hamon, M. Hampel, D. Handschuh, K. Hangarter, E.M. Hanlon, M. Hapke, U. Harder, J. Harjes, P. Hartz, P.E. Hatton, R. Haydar, W.J. Haynes, J. Heatherington, V. Hedberg, C.R. Hedgecock, G. Heinzelmann, R.C.W. Henderson, H. Henschel, R. Herma, I. Herynek, W. Hildesheim, P. Hill, D.L. Hill, C.D. Hilton, J. Hladký, K.C. Hoeger, R.B. Hopes, R. Horisberger, A. Hrisoho, J. Huber, Ph. Huet, H. Hufnagel, N. Huot, J.-F. Huppert, M. Ibbotson, D. Imbault, H. Itterbeck, M.-A. Jabiol, A. Jacholkowska, C. Jacobsson, M. Jaffré, T. Jansen, P. Jean, J. Jeanjean, L. Jönsson, K. Johannsen, D.P. Johnson, L. Johnson, P. Jovanovic, H. Jung, P.I.P. Kalmus, D. Kant, G. Kantel, S. Karstensen, S. Kasarian, R. Kaschowitz, P. Kasselmann, U. Kathage, H.H. Kaufmann, G. Kemmerling, I.R. Kenyon, S. Kermiche, C. Keuker, C. Kiesling, M. Klein, C. Kleinwort, G. Knies, W. Ko, T. Kobler, J. Koch, T. Köhler, J. Köhne, M. Kolander, H. Kolanoski, F. Kole, J. Koll, S.D. Kolya, B. Koppitz, V. Korbel, M. Korn, P. Kostka, S.K. Kotelnikov, M.W. Krasny, H. Krehbiel, F. Krivan, D. Krücker, U. Krüger, U. Krüner-Marquis, M. Kubantsev, J.P. Kubenka, T. Külper, H.-J. Küsel, H. Küster, M. Kuhlen, T. Kurča, J. Kurzhöfer, B. Kuznik, B. Laforge, F. Lamarche, R. Lander, M.P.J. Landon, W. Lange, R. Langkau, P. Lanius, J.-F. Laporte, L. Laptin, H. Laskus, A. Lebedev, M. Lemler, U. Lenhardt, A. Leuschner, C. Leverenz, S. Levonian, D. Lewin, Ch. Ley, A. Lindner, G. Lindström, F. Linsel, J. Lipinski, B. Liss, P. Loch, A.B. Lodge, H. Lohmander, G.C. Lopez, J.-P. Lottin, V. Lubimov, K. Ludwig, D. Lüers, N. Lugetski, B. Lundberg, K. Maeshima, N. Magnussen, E. Malinovski, S. Mani, P. Marage, J. Marks, R. Marshall, J. Martens, F. Martin, G. Martin, R. Martin, H.-U. Martyn, J. Martyniak, V. Masbender, S. Masson, A. Mavroidis, S.J. Maxfield, S.J. McMahon, A. Mehta, K. Meier, J. Meissner, D. Mercer, T. Merz, C.A. Meyer, H. Meyer, J. Meyer, S. Mikocki, J.L. Mills, V. Milone, J. Möck, E. Monnier, B. Montés, F. Moreau, J. Moreels, B. Morgan, J.V. Morris, J.M. Morton, K. Müller, P. Murín, S.A. Murray, V. Nagovizin, B. Naroska, Th. Naumann, P. Nayman, A. Nepeipivo, P. Newman, D. Newman-Coburn, D. Newton, D. Neyret, H.K. Nguyen, F. Niebergall, C. Niebuhr, R. Nisius, T. Novák, H. Nováková, G. Nowak, G.W. Noyes, M. Nyberg, H. Oberlack, U. Obrock, J.E. Olsson, J. Olszowska, S. Orenstein, F. Ould-Saada, P. Pailler, S. Palanque, E. Panaro, A. Panitch, J.-Y. Parey, C. Pascaud, G.D. Patel, A. Patoux, C. Paulot, U. Pein, E. Peppel, E. Perez, P. Perrodo, A. Perus, S. Peters, J.-P. Pharabod, H.T. Phillips, J.P. Phillips, Ch. Pichler, A. Pieuchot, W. Pimpl, D. Pitzl, A. Porrovecchio, S. Prell, R. Prosi, H. Quehl, G. Rädel, F. Raupach, K. Rauschnabel, A. Reboux, P. Reimer, G. Reinmuth, S. Reinshagen, P. Ribarics, V. Riech, J. Riedlberger, H. Riege, S. Riess, M. Rietz, S.M. Robertson, P. Robmann, P. Röpnack, R. Roosen, K. Rosenbauer, A. Rostovtsev, C. Royon, A. Rudge, K. Rüter, M. Rudowicz, M. Ruffer, S. Rusakov, V. Rusinov, K. Rybicki, J. Sacton, N. Sahlmann, E. Sanchez, D.P.C. Sankey, M. Savitski, P. Schacht, S. Schiek, N. Schirm, S. Schleif, P. Schleper, W. von Schlippe, C. Schmidt, D. Schmidt, G. Schmidt, W. Schmitz, H. Schmücker, V. Schröder, J. Schütt, E. Schuhmann, M. Schulz, A. Schwind, W. Scobel, U. Seehausen, F. Sefkow, R. Sell, M. Seman, A. Semenov, P. Shatalov, V. Shekelyan, I. Sheviakov, H. Shooshtari, L.N. Shtarkov, G. Siegmon, U. Siewert, Y. Sirois, A. Sirous, I.O. Skillicorn, P. Škvařil, P. Smirnov, J.R. Smith, L. Smolik, D. Sole, Y. Soloviev, J. Špalek, H. Spitzer, R. von Staa, J. Staeck, P. Staroba, J. Šťastný, M. Steenbock, P. Štefan, P. Steffen, R. Steinberg, H. Steiner, B. Stella, K. Stephens, J. Stier, J. Stiewe, U. Stösslein, J. Strachota, U. Straumann, A. Strowbridge, W. Struczinski, J.P. Sutton, Z. Szkutnik, G. Tappern, S. Tapprogge, R.E. Taylor, V. Tchernyshov, V. Tchudakov, C. Thiebaux, K. Thiele, G. Thompson, R.J. Thompson, I. Tichomirov, C. Trenkel, W. Tribanek, K. Tröger, P. Truöl, M. Turiot, J. Turnau, J. Tutas, L. Urban, M. Urban, A. Usik, Š. Valkár, A. Valkárová, C. Vallée, G. Van Beek, M. Vanderkelen, L. Van Lancker, P. Van Mechelen, A. Vartapetian, Y. Vazdik, M. Vecko, P. Verrecchia, R. Vick, G. Villet, E. Vogel, K. Wacker, M. Wagener, I.W. Walker, A. Walther, G. Weber, D. Wegener, A. Wegner, P. Weissbach, H.P. Wellisch, L. West, D. White, S. Willard, M. Winde, G.-G. Winter, Th. Wolff, L.A. Womersley, A.E. Wright, E. Wünsch, N. Wulff, B.E. Wyborn, T.P. Yiou, J. Žáček, D. Zarbock, P. Závada, C. Zeitnitz, Z. Zhang, H. Ziaeepour, M. Zimmer, W. Zimmermann, F. Zomer, K. Zuber, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies ( LPNHE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille ( CPPM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), H1, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Luminosity (scattering theory), Calorimeter (particle physics), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, HERA, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Upgrade, Data acquisition, law, [ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Collider, Instrumentation, Storage ring
Abstract: General aspects of the H1 detector at the electron-proton storage ring HERA as well as technical descriptions of the magnet, luminosity system, trigger, slow-control, data acquisition and off-line data handling are given. The three major components of the detector, the tracking, calorimeter and muon detectors, will be described in a forthcoming article. The present paper describes the detector that was used from 1992 to the end of 1994. After this a major upgrade of some components was undertaken. Some performance figures from luminosity runs at HERA during 1993 and 1994 are given.
Published: 1997

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