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Working with urgency and emergency on the field of health can be a source of suffering, because the professionals tend to handle life and death situations constantly. This paper aims to investigate the relation between mental health and work conditions of professionals of a Brazilian emergency health service called SAMU (Service for Mobile Urgency Support). The objectives are to know in which ways the work conditions may affect the skills of the individual performing the services of rescue and support during urgencies and emergencies. The bibliographic research was conducted using samples of papers, data banks, magazines, books which covered the topics of "mental health", "urgency" and "emergency". The findings suggest that more thorough research is necessary on this topic and also that mental health and psychological intervention programs may be helping those professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]