1. Viral interference between low pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 and avian infectious bronchitis viruses in vitro and in ovo
- Author
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Nacira Laamiri, Abdeljelil Ghram, Rim Aouini, Laboratoire d’Epidémiologie et de Microbiologie Vétérinaire (LR11IPT03), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, and This work was financed by Pasteur institute of Tunisia.
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,TCID50, fifty-percent tissue culture infectious dose ,viruses ,Interleukin-1beta ,Avian influenza virus ,Infectious bronchitis virus ,LPAI, low pathogenic avian influenza ,Chick Embryo ,Virus Replication ,medicine.disease_cause ,DMEM, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium ,Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype ,Viral Interference ,MEM, minimum essential media ,EID50, fifty-percent egg infectious dose ,biology ,Coinfection ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,virus diseases ,Avian infectious bronchitis ,3. Good health ,CEL, chicken embryo lung ,embryonic structures ,ECE, embryonated chicken eggs ,RNA, Viral ,Avian infectious bronchitis disease virus ,Virus Cultivation ,animal structures ,IBV, infectious bronchitis virus ,030106 microbiology ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,In ovo ,Article ,SPF, specific pathogen free ,Virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,CEL, chick embryo lung ,PBS, phosphate buffered saline ,rRT-PCR, real time RT-PCR ,Virology ,[SDV.MHEP.AHA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO] ,medicine ,Animals ,Cytokine ,p.i., post-infection ,Embryonated ,biology.organism_classification ,Viral interference ,Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ,Culture Media ,Real-time RT-PCR ,030104 developmental biology ,Cell culture ,FCS, fetal calf serum ,CC, cell cultures ,HA, hemagglutinin - Abstract
Highlights • AIV and IBV co-infection led to decreased growth of both viruses. • During super-infection, the second virus decreased the growth of the first virus. • The level of secreted IL-1beta varies, depending on the experimental conditions., Background Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H9N2 and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) are important pathogens of poultry, causing important economic losses for the sector. Replication interference between these two viruses was described using cell cultures (CC) and embryonated chicken eggs (ECE). Chicken embryo lung (CEL) and ECE were simultaneously or sequentially infected with IBV vaccine strain (H120) and LPAIV-H9N2 (A/Ck/TUN/145/2012) to evaluate viral interactionsin vitro and in ovo, respectively. Real-time RT-PCR was developed to specifically quantify both AIV and IBV genomes as well as viral gene copy numbers during mixed infections. The amount of IL-1 beta, in supernatants of co-infected cell cultures, was determined using an ELISA assay. Results Quantitative results of AIV and IBV co-infection showed that interferences between the two viruses yielded decreased viral growth. However, in the case of super-infection, the second virus, either AIV or IBV, induced a decrease in the growth of the first inoculated virus. Conclusion It appears that either AIV or IBV has a negative impact on the other virus growth when they are inoculated simultaneously or sequentially. The ELISA results showed that higher level of secreted IL-1beta varies, depending on the viral interference conditions between both viruses, during mixed infections.
- Published
- 2018
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