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Abstract: With the intensification of population aging in China, the incidence of cerebrovascular diseases is increasing year by year, and the demand for cerebrovascular surgery professionals is also getting higher. Cerebrovascular surgery has the characteristics of many difficult and complex cases, which brings challenges to talent training. The goal of cerebrovascular surgery education is to cultivate high-quality applied medical talents. This article aims to achieve refined teaching management by applying the plan, do, check, action (PDCA) cycle, combined with innovative teaching resources and new teaching models, to adapt to the demand for high-quality training of cerebrovascular surgery professionals in the new era.

Background: Knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA) among older adults account for substantial disability and extensive healthcare use. Effective pain coping strategies help to deal with OA. This study aims to determine the long-term relationship between pain coping style and the course of healthcare use in patients with knee and/or hip OA over 10 years. Methods: Baseline and 10-year follow-up data of 861 Dutch participants with early knee and/or hip OA from the Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee (CHECK) cohort were used. The amount of healthcare use (HCU) and pain coping style were measured. Generalized Estimating Equations were used, adjusted for relevant confounders. Results: At baseline, 86.5% of the patients had an active pain coping style. Having an active pain coping style was significantly (p = 0.022) associated with an increase of 16.5% (95% CI, 2.0–32.7) in the number of used healthcare services over 10 years. Conclusion: Patients with early knee and/or hip OA with an active pain coping style use significantly more different healthcare services over 10 years, as opposed to those with a passive pain coping style. Further research should focus on altered treatment (e.g., focus on self-management) in patients with an active coping style, to reduce HCU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is the fourth of a series of papers on the stages of critical systems practice. Critical systems practice is a multimethodology that seeks to employ the ideas of critical systems thinking to intervene in and improve complex real‐world 'messes'. It has four stages—Explore (the problem situation), Produce (an intervention strategy), Intervene (flexibly), and Check (on progress)—called to mind as EPIC. The aim is to set out where thinking has reached on the best way to carry out each of these stages and to invite comment on what more needs doing. This paper discusses the fourth stage, Check. During Check, decision makers, and other stakeholders, evaluate the intervention, reflect on what has happened with a view to improving future interventions, and discuss next steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering is the property of Guangdong Architecture Civil Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This work seeks to investigate the issue of checks in the Brazilian market through the analysis of possible regulatory failures that involve it and the forecast of its use in the coming years. For this, monthly data from 2000 to 2020 made available by the Central Bank of Brazil, Febraban, Banco Execunte and Câmara Interbancária de Pagamentos are used and a Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average - SARIMA model is used to project the quantities and values of checks from 2020 to 2030. The results show that, even with the insertion of a new, more technological payment instrument such as the PIX and the decrease in its use, the check will not cease to exist until 2030. Such results are useful for the literature that investigates payment instruments, for the agents of the economy in general and, mainly, for the policy makers of the financial market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Commercial & Intellectual Property Law (TFM) / Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi is the property of Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Facult of Law and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The changes made in the Criminal Code, as well as in other normative acts, because of the need to harmonize national legislation with that at the European level, by transposing into our legislation the various directives adopted at the level of the European Union, have generated non-unitary interpretations of the respective norms, in the specialized literature, an aspect that also affects the solutions in judicial practice. Moreover, there are different opinions regarding the applicability, at present, of the solutions pronounced by the High Court of Cassation and Justice, in appeals in the interest of the law, before the entry into force of the current Criminal Code. The changes made in the Criminal Code, as well as in other normative acts, as a result of the need to harmonize national legislation with that at the European level, by transposing into our legislation the various directives adopted at the level of the European Union, have generated non-unitary interpretations of the respective norms, in the specialized literature, an aspect that also affects the solutions in judicial practice. Moreover, there are different opinions regarding the applicability, at present, of the solutions pronounced by the High Court of Cassation and Justice, in appeals in the interest of the law before the entry into force of the current Criminal Code. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Süleyman Demirel Law Review / Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Suleyman Demirel Universitesi Hukuk Fakultesi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodistico is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Chilena de Derecho Privado is the property of Fundacion Fernando Fueyo Laneri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to improve equity and efficiency of the existing coal mine safety supervision system, this paper applies “double random one public” mechanism to coal mine safety supervision system. This study establishes four logical architecture platform which contents the basic data layer, application layer, presentation layer and access layer for the coal mine safety supervision, which improves the function architecture of the expert management, coal mine management, key supervision projects selection and information publication, and proposes three core mechanisms of system operation including the key content of supervision, the problem tracking and expert rating. The results show that the “double random one public” information system of coal mine safety supervision can realize the “double blind” of safety inspection, the dynamic adjustment of supervision experts and the pertinence of the content of coal mine safety inspection, which provides a reference for the promotion and application of the “double random one public” system of coal mine safety supervision.

The present investigation was proposed to mitigate the falsification of certificates when presented within the curriculums and to generate confidence in the company due to the official validity of the smart certificate. It was developed under the Moodle online teaching platform, so that all students who complete their course or technical career can download their certificate and be verified by means of a QR code that will be read by the mobile application and / or by the website to check the existence and originality of the aforementioned certificate. With a quantitative approach and cross-sectional nonexperimental research design, a prototype was obtained with the Moodle-based platform, where the certificates obtained by the enrolled student at the conclusion of a course are generated. Likewise, the design of the web and mobile application for the android operating system was carried out, obtaining as results, the aforementioned final applications, which by means of a QR code, verify the information presented by the certificate in the Moodle database, obtaining in response, the official validity of the certificate issued by the educational institution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Science & Technology & Economy is the property of Grain Science & Technology & Economy Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In ‌ Geneva Conventions 1930 and 1931, on bill of exchange, Promissory note and check, issuing and completing content of commercial documents by agency has been accepted. So that the client submits an incomplete document and the agent complete and issue it. So the document has not been issued unless the agent completes the content of document. Nevertheless, in Iran law, has been referred to issuing bill of exchange, Under Article 227 of the commerce code, and the domestic legislator's view about such an agency, regarding the check is ambiguous. Facilitating the Explaining Legal effects is an important effect of accepting this kind of agency as regards the check without date and the check with Prior and late date. This article study the theory of agency in issuing and completing content of the check and Defends from this theory in Iran law. Contrary to prevailing opinion as regards the issue date about the checks without date and the checks with prior and late date that consider the Post Date as an Issue date and in the case of agency, the Post Date consider as a delivery date to the agent. On the other side, the document is issued when the agent‌ complete the incomplete document. In addition this article examines the effects of Acceptance and Rejection about this theory.

The increasingly hybrid relationship between consumption and production, the post-truth context, and the disinformation ecosystem have all caused tensions in journalism. Creating false news and spreading it across social networks has become common practice. This article introduces the development, testing and data analysis from the Verific.ai application prototype, an automated tool for checking news links on the Android operating system. This application uses data mining for defining the criteria for truthful and false news in the digital environment. The data are presented in the light of the descriptive exploratory analysis, based on tests conducted during the 2018 Brazilian elections. Through this it was possible to define and apply criteria to quickly reveal any potentially false content, while also showing the type of online news content viewed unfavorably by the consuming public. A relação mais híbrida entre consumo e produção, o contexto da pós-verdade e o ecossistema da desinformação provocaram tensões no jornalismo. Falsear a notícia tornou-se prática nas relações propagadas pelas redes sociais digitais. O artigo apresenta a experiência de desenvolvimento, teste e análise de dados do protótipo do aplicativo Verific. ai, uma ferramenta de automatização de checagem de links de notícias disponível para sistema Android. A plataforma aplica a técnica da mineração de dados a partir da definição de critérios de verdade e falsidade das notícias no ambiente digital. Os dados são apresentados à luz da análise exploratória descritiva, a partir de testes realizados no período eleitoral brasileiro de 2018. Mostrou-se como é possível delinear e aplicar critérios para evidenciação rápida de conteúdo com potencial falso, ao mesmo tempo em que se evidenciou que tipo de conteúdo tem sido colocado em xeque pelo público consumidor de notícias na internet. La relación más híbrida entre el consumo y la producción, el contexto de la postverdad y la ecosistema de la desinformación han provocado tensiones en el periodismo. Crear contenido falso se convirtió en práctica en la relaciones propagadas por las redes sociales digitales. El artículo presenta la experiencia de desarrollo, prueba y análisis de datos del prototipo de la aplicación Verific.ai, una herramienta de automatización de verificación de enlaces de noticias disponible para el sistema Android. La herramienta aplica la técnica de minería de datos definiendo criterios de verdad y falsedad de noticias en el digital. Los datos se presentan a la luz del análisis exploratorio-descriptivo, basado en pruebas realizadas en el período electoral brasileño de 2018. Se ha probado que es posible definir y aplicar criterios de evaluación rápida de contenido con potencial falso, así como se ha mostrado el tipo de contenido que es cuestionado por el consumidor de noticias en la internet.

Background: Symptom-checkers have become important tools for self-triage, assisting patients to determine the urgency of medical care. To be safe and effective, these tools must be validated, particularly to avoid potentially hazardous undertriage without leading to inefficient overtriage. Only limited safety data from studies including small sample sizes have been available so far., Objective: The objective of our study was to prospectively investigate the safety of patients' self-triage in a large patient sample. We used SMASS (Swiss Medical Assessment System; in4medicine, Inc) pathfinder, a symptom-checker based on a computerized transparent neural network., Methods: We recruited 2543 patients into this single-center, prospective clinical trial conducted at the cantonal hospital of Baden, Switzerland. Patients with an Emergency Severity Index of 1-2 were treated by the team of the emergency department, while those with an index of 3-5 were seen at the walk-in clinic by general physicians. We compared the triage recommendation obtained by the patients' self-triage with the assessment of clinical urgency made by 3 successive interdisciplinary panels of physicians (panels A, B, and C). Using the Clopper-Pearson CI, we assumed that to confirm the symptom-checkers' safety, the upper confidence bound for the probability of a potentially hazardous undertriage should lie below 1%. A potentially hazardous undertriage was defined as a triage in which either all (consensus criterion) or the majority (majority criterion) of the experts of the last panel (panel C) rated the triage of the symptom-checker to be "rather likely" or "likely" life-threatening or harmful., Results: Of the 2543 patients, 1227 (48.25%) were female and 1316 (51.75%) male. None of the patients reached the prespecified consensus criterion for a potentially hazardous undertriage. This resulted in an upper 95% confidence bound of 0.1184%. Further, 4 cases met the majority criterion. This resulted in an upper 95% confidence bound for the probability of a potentially hazardous undertriage of 0.3616%. The 2-sided 95% Clopper-Pearson CI for the probability of overtriage (n=450 cases,17.69%) was 16.23% to 19.24%, which is considerably lower than the figures reported in the literature., Conclusions: The symptom-checker proved to be a safe triage tool, avoiding potentially hazardous undertriage in a real-life clinical setting of emergency consultations at a walk-in clinic or emergency department without causing undesirable overtriage. Our data suggest the symptom-checker may be safely used in clinical routine., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04055298; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04055298., (©Andreas Meer, Philipp Rahm, Markus Schwendinger, Michael Vock, Bettina Grunder, Jacopo Demurtas, Jonas Rutishauser. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 27.06.2024.)

Copyright of Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The phenomenon of multitasking, understood as the behavior in which a job, task or action is carried out simultaneously or intermittently. It involves the fragmentation or division of attention, as well as the loss of focus of interests and motivation that lead the individual to concentrate on a single activity. Due to this, there is an important crisis in the development of the thinking of young people and children, which, as a result of the common coexistence with technologies, and the facilities they provide, leave aside important processes such as analysis and reflection, added to the feeling of immediacy, the need for short times to do and produce more. Faced with this situation, the proposal of an emancipatory education, in which intelligence is recognized as a capacity of every being, goes hand in hand with educational processes and with the development of societies. In the proper use of the facilities provided by technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/purpose: The electronic clinical decision support system (CDSS) is mainly used to assist health care providers in their decision-making process. CDSS includes the dose range checking (DRC) tool. This study aims to evaluate the clinical validity of the DRC tool and compare it to the institutional Formulary and Drug Therapy Guide powered by Lexi-Comp. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed DRC alerts in the inpatient setting. Alerts were assessed for their clinical validity when compared to recommendations of the institution's formulary. Relevant data regarding patient demographics and characteristics were collected. A sample size of 3000 DRC alerts was needed to give a margin of error of 1% (using normal approximation to binomial distribution gives 30.26/3000 = 1%). Results: In our cohort, 1659 (55%) of the DRC alerts were generated for adult patients. A total of 1557 (52%) of all medication-related DRC alerts recommended renal dose adjustments, while 708 (24%) needed hepatic dose adjustments. Majority of alerts, 2844 (95%), were clinically invalid. A total of 2892 (96%) alerts were overridden by prescribers. In 997 (33%) cases, there was an overdose relative to the recommended dose, and in 1572 (52%) there was underdosing. Residents were more likely to accept the DRC alerts compared with other health provider categories (P <.001). Conclusion: Using DRC as a clinical decision support tool with minimal integration yielded serious clinically invalid recommendations. This could increase medication-prescribing errors and lead to alert fatigue in electronic health care systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Method verification is an important requirement in chemical analysis practice. It establishes performance characteristics, method limitations and influencing aspects that can change these characteristics identification, as well as to what extent it can be changed. Objective: To develop and verify a new High Resolution Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis technique for Fipronil, which is used for forage ants control identification and quantification in bait. Materials and methods: A liquid chromatograph YL9100 with UV/Vis detector YL9120 quaternary pump YL9110, Teknokroma C18 column; 5 µm of 0.4 × 25 mm was used. For validation development, the following parameters were taken into account: linearity, accuracy, precision and specificity. Results were subjected to a descriptive statistical evaluation using Microsoft Excel 2010 program. Results and Discussion: It was corroborated that proposed analytical technique for active principle quantification is linear, exact, precise and specific, likewise, the reliability of this new technique was verified, thus guaranteeing formulation quality. Conclusions: It was possible to develop and verify a new analysis technique for Fipronil identification and quantification in bait. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of the time, a person asks another to give him one or more check paper to perform some act and the latter responses him affirmatively. For example, he might have purchased some goods in credit or made used of service of an employee or obtained an insurance policy in installments and need some check papers to pay the price or insurance premium. Checks issued in these circumstances are usually postdated and the receiver of the check paper intends to have opportunity for providing its money. This act is termed in common usage lending check paper but the nomination cannot be trusted. Jurisprudential and legal nature of such check is debatable and it could be adapted to various legal institutions such as lending, mortgage, guarantee, assignment of debt and obligation to pay by third party. Relations between the parties to such a check are governed by different rules according to its nature and forms. The article endeavors to study the question from jurisprudential and legal viewpoints.

Copyright of Ankara Barosu Dergileri is the property of Ankara Bar Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mediterranean Journal of Communication / Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación is the property of Revista Mediterranea de Comunicacion / Mediterranean Journal of Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A major challenge in the field of spatial reasoning is the translation of decades of accumulated research findings from the domain of psychology and mathematics education into the school mathematics curriculum. This study aimed to operationalise a heuristic termed visualise-predict-check (VPC) for the teaching of spatial visualisation and explore the affordances for enabling teachers to foster spatial reasoning. We conducted moment-by-moment and fine-grained analysis of teaching-learning transactions of two teachers who implemented a lesson devised on the basis of the VPC heuristic. The data sources included video-taped recordings and classroom observations. The VPC heuristic provided teaching trajectories to explicitly prompt students to engage in spatial visualisation while learning mathematics and in so doing the class routine was remarkably spatially elevated. However, subtle disparities in the implementation of the lesson lead to differences in students' engagement. The more deliberate VPC fostered students' spatial thinking whereas the limited application of VPC tended to inhibit opportunities for reasoning spatially. VPC offers much potential to enhance spatial skills both in classroom routine teaching and in specialised interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal is the property of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Fact-checking or data verification has become an increasingly popular journalistic practice. Without a doubt, it is a tool that has proven to be necessary to deny the fake news circulating on social networks, just as it has happened in the specific case of the coronavirus health crisis. Objectives: Analyze the characteristics of the false news denied by Newtral Media Audiovisual and determine its trend during the successive notices of extensions of the Alarm State. Methodology: 104 information referring to the coronavirus in Spain have been examined from March 14 to May 4, using the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the case study. Results: All the fake news have converged on different social networks, but the main channel for their diffusion has been WhatsApp, with text and audio being the formats that have been the most manipulated. On the other hand, the predominant theme of the hoaxes has been politics and the false attributions to institutions have managed to deceive citizens. Conclusions: The fact-checking confirms its success to deny falsehoods through the use of data. It is a current phenomenon that requires investigation in any academic fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journalism Research is the property of Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The remaining the logs in the stump area and especially along the forest roadside, can increase the check in the caused by growth stress in the both sides of log. All of these factors led to a decline in the quality of the logs, which can be lined up in the ends of log with suitable coating materials such as end coating and anti-checking iron treatments to prevent log checking. A field-based study was performed to study the effects of end coating and anti-checking iron treatments on prevent log checking in beech and hornbeam logs in Gorazbon district in Kheyrud forest northern Iran. In this study, 180 logs were randomly selected from two spices; beech and hornbeam and for any spices, 30 logs were selected for anti-checking iron treatments, 30 logs for paraffin treatments and 30 logs for control. Duncan’s test showed that in the hornbeam logs anti-checking iron treatments was the lowest checking increase comparing the paraffin and control treatments and this difference was statistically significant. Duncan’s test showed that in the beech logs anti-checking iron treatments was the lowest checking increase comparing the paraffin and control treatments. It can be concluded that the lowest check has been shown in the anti-checking iron treatments in two beech and hornbeam logs and this treatment has the greatest role in preventing ends check in compare with the paraffin treatment.

The present article is further continuation of works on research of approaches to a solution of the problem of standard and legal fixing of the basic concepts in administration of the state. Classification and the analysis of public administration is carried out, the role and the place of the state functions supervision and control in public administration is considered. The analysis of standard and legal base of concepts of public administration supervision and control is carried out, shortcomings are considered. Sources of an origin of key concepts of public administration supervision and control are investigated.

Background: Long wait times for prescription services at the Outpatient Pharmacy of the Dr. OEN SOLO BARU Hospital in Indonesia have led to high numbers of complaints. In response, to decrease these wait times, the hospital undertook an intervention to determine wait time targets and provide feedback on patient satisfaction to personnel in the Outpatient Pharmacy., Objective: To measure the impact of providing wait time targets and patient satisfaction feedback to pharmacists in terms of decreasing wait times for prescription services at the Outpatient Pharmacy., Methods: This quasi-experimental research study had a single-group interrupted time-series design. Data on wait times and patient satisfaction were collected from "waiting patients". The study participants were 35 employees (6 pharmacists and 29 technicians), and the intervention entailed provision of wait time targets and patient satisfaction feedback to the participants every week for 5 consecutive weeks., Results: The wait times for prescription services decreased by 11.13 minutes (17%) for compounded prescriptions and by 12.70 minutes (37%) for noncompounded prescriptions. There was a significant change in average wait time for both compounded and noncompounded prescription services from week 0 to week 4 (p < 0.001). There was also a significant change in patient satisfaction from week 0 to week 4 (p < 0.001). Patient satisfaction increased significantly in conjunction with the decrease in wait times for prescription services., Conclusions: The intervention of providing wait time targets and feedback on patient satisfaction to pharmacists helped to reduce wait times for prescription services., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (2024 Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists. All content in the Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy is copyrighted by the Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacy. In submitting their manuscripts, the authors transfer, assign, and otherwise convey all copyright ownership to CSHP.)

Copyright of Cahiers d'Études Africaines is the property of Editions EHESS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Satisfaction of user requirements for all performance behaviors of a building is mandatory. The correct execution and carrying out of the verifications is proved by the existence in the Construction Log Book of the documents certifying the quality of the construction works executed, documents drawn up during the execution of the construction works. All the documents in the Construction Log Book are proof of the quality obtained. Starting from the comparative analysis of the content of the documents drawn up (regarding the execution and verification of the formwork works existing on site), with the provisions of the project and the provisions of the norms, norms and legislation in force, this paper proposes the establishment of documents with known content before the beginning of the works building. Such an approach makes the verification activity predictable. The results obtained at the time of the check, recorded in the documents drawn up, can be measured by giving a score. By applying the weighted average calculation ratio, the score obtained can quantify the quality and may constitute for the investor or third parties an indicator of the quality of the construction works executed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista E-mercatoria is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia, Departamento de Derecho Comercial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)