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This paper studies the real effects of foreign real estate capital inflows. Using transaction-level data, we document (i) a "China shock" in the U.S. housing market characterized by surging foreign Chinese housing purchases after 2008, and (ii) "home bias" in these purchases, as they concentrate in neighborhoods historically populated by ethnic Chinese. Exploiting their temporal and spatial variation, we find that these capital inflows raise local employment, with the effect transmitted through a housing net worth channel. However, they displace local lower-income residents. Our results show that real estate capital inflows can both stimulate the real economy and induce gentrification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development and advancement of new technology and the increasing penetration of digital media, traditional media outlets such as TV, radio, and newspapers are not the only platforms for sports audiences to watch major events such as the Olympic Games. In this study, we explored how Chinese Olympic audiences embraced different media platforms to consume the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. Through a survey of 383 Chinese participants, results revealed that social media, TV, and digital media were the most popular platforms on which to watch the 2020 Olympic Games. There were generational differences in media behaviors, motivations, and preferences between Generations X, Y, and Z. In addition, findings revealed that traditionally popular sports in China, such as badminton and table tennis, were still the most popular across different generations. Theoretical and practical implications for Chinese viewers are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Design Methods Results Conclusions Relevance to Clinical Practice Patient or Public Contribution This study aimed to investigate the effects of glycaemic control and diabetes distress on frailty in older Chinese patients with diabetes, and to explore the mediating role of diabetes distress between glycaemic control and frailty.This is a descriptive, cross‐sectional study. A total of 209 older patients with diabetes were recruited from a teaching hospital in Zhejiang Province. Data were collected from February to September 2022.A self‐designed questionnaire was used to collect demographic and disease‐related data. The Fried Scale and Diabetes Distress Scale were employed to assess frailty and diabetes distress, respectively The bootstrap method was used to examine the mediating effects of diabetes distress on glycaemic control and frailty. The STROBE checklist was adhered to in the reporting of this study (see details in File S1).The findings indicated a positive correlation between the level of glycaemic control and frailty, as well as between diabetes distress and frailty. Furthermore, diabetes distress was found to play a complete mediating role between glycaemic control and frailty.The study findings highlight the relationship between glycaemic control, diabetes distress and frailty offering a valuable reference for enhancing the management of frailty in older patients with diabetes.This study emphasizes the significance of managing glycaemic control and diabetes distress in older patients with diabetes to prevent frailty, and may contribute for healthcare professionals to developing effective measures to improve the frailty of older diabetic patients in clinical settings.This study was conducted with the participation of older patients with diabetes who contributed data by completing study questionnaires and undergoing physical assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

\nPRACTICE POINTCommunity-based organizations (CBOs) serving older ethnic minority adults, especially older immigrants, are vital to satisfy their complex social, health, and behavioral health needs. This study uses organizational theories and a case study approach to examine how the organizational responses to the multifaceted impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and progress beyond the pandemic-related responses. Four CBOs serving older Chinese immigrants in New York City were examined. Results indicate that driven by unmet psychosocial needs of older Chinese immigrants and public health measures, CBOs modified practice protocols and established (or strengthened) collaborative relationships with medical providers and other CBOs. COVID-19 responses include CBOs’ transformations in organizational structures (e.g. collaboration) and operational activities (e.g. telehealth). Successful transformations of CBOs were primarily due to prior adaptiveness to integrated care reform and assured needed resources before the pandemic; the transformation reflected orderly organizational progress rather than a temporary management strategy.CBOs modified practice protocols, established (or strengthened) collaborative relationships, and increased service coordination to address the unmet psychosocial needs of older Chinese immigrants and public health measures.Amidst evolving pandemic-related challenges, community-based organizations (CBOs) fostered collaborative partnerships and provided integrated care services, playing a crucial role in addressing the mental health needs of older immigrants during the COVID-19 pandemic.Organizational theories explain CBOs’ adaptive behaviors during the pandemic, as they provided essential services to vulnerable older immigrants while navigating normative and coercive pressures to meet evolving needs and secure funding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on an examination of a corpus comprising 244 letters authored by Chinese women residing in Wangxia, a rural district within Guangdong province, to their emigrant family members settled in Arizona, the United States from the 1910s to 1920s, this article posits that the phenomenon of being left-behind constituted a pivotal catalyst for the social and economic empowerment of women within rural contexts, fostering heightened self-awareness and autonomy. These accounts of their personal experiences, emotions, and reflections on gender relations document the awakening initiative and self-empowerment of ordinary women in the first half of the twentieth century. On the one hand, the absence of male authority in the family caused by the exclusive emigration of males out of villages created space and conditions for women’s independence and autonomy; on the other hand, transnational epistolary communications with emigrants empowered these women to control remittances and enabled them to increase their families’ fortunes, which further stimulated their desire for economic independence and education. These women’s letters offer rich historical testimony to the reality that an awareness of gender equality and female empowerment were the result of the Chinese women’s own initiative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores how a digital platform constructs rural influencer’s manhood in China. While research on China’s Wanghong industry has primarily focused on urban, heterosexual female influencers, the practices of male digital labor in rural areas remain understudies. This research fills this gap by exploring the self-representations of 38 rural male digital influencers, categorizing their posts into six distinct themes: idle, skillful, positive, dramatic, nostalgic, and quasi-queer performances. This research probes how these rural influencers deploy signs of lower-class status on Kuaishou to engage viewers, foster community, and boost visibility while simultaneously reinforcing their marginalized positions within societal hierarchies. The findings, informed by Connell’s theories of masculinity, reveal a gradual transformation from a marginalized to a complicit manhood as these influencers achieve success, which further reinforces social stratification. Despite their increased visibility, the influencers remain constrained by platform dynamics and limited upward mobility, leading to the emergence of protest masculinities as a response to their entrenched social status. This research contributes to the understanding of the intersection between gender and class on digital platforms and its implications for the construction of masculinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, and several studies have attempted to identify its risk factors. This study aimed to investigate the association between sleep duration and sleep quality, and the 7‐year incidence of CVD among middle‐aged and older Chinese individuals. A total of 6682 participants aged 45–90 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study database were included in this study. The authors estimated sleep duration and quality based on self‐reported data of night sleep hours and disturbance symptoms, and examined the associations between them and the composite outcome of CVD using logistic regression models. A total of 1692 participants (25.32%) reported new CVD events during follow‐up. Short sleep duration (< 6 h/night) was significantly associated with a higher risk of CVD in all three models (p < .05). However, this was not observed for long sleep duration (> 8 h/night). Additionally, participants with mild sleep disturbance in all three models, and severe sleep disturbance in Models 2 and 3 had a significantly higher risk of CVD (p < .05). After stratification by age and daytime napping, we still found a significant association between short sleep duration and CVD in individuals aged 45–59 years, and between sleep disturbance and CVD in non‐nappers (p < .05). However, these associations were not significant in individuals aged ≥60 years or in nappers (p > .05). In conclusion, short sleep duration and sleep disturbance are both associated with an increased risk of CVD in middle‐aged and older Chinese individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigated fasting hypertriglyceridemia as predictors of all‐cause, cardiovascular, and non‐cardiovascular mortality in an elderly male Chinese population, while accounting for various conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Our participants were elderly men recruited from residents living in a suburban town of Shanghai (≥60 years of age, n = 1583). Hypertriglyceridemia was defined as a fasting serum triglycerides concentration ≥1.70 mmol/L. Subgroup analyses were performed according to current smoking (yes vs. no), alcohol intake (yes vs. no), and the presence and absence of hypertension and hyperglycemia. During a median of 7.9 years follow‐up, all‐cause, cardiovascular, and non‐cardiovascular deaths occurred in 279, 112, and 167 participants, respectively. After adjustment for confounding factors, fasting hypertriglyceridemia was not significantly (p ≥ .33) associated with the risk of all‐cause, cardiovascular, and non‐cardiovascular mortality. However, there was significant (p = .03) interaction between hypertriglyceridemia and the presence and absence of hypertension in relation to all‐cause mortality. In normotensive, but not hypertensive individuals, hypertriglyceridemia was significantly associated with a higher risk of all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio 1.57, 95% confidence interval 1.06–2.31). In further non‐parametric analyses in normotensive individuals, the age‐standardized rate for all‐cause mortality increased from 18.9 in quartile 1 to 20.0, to 24.7, and to 39.9 per 1000 person‐years in quartiles 2, 3, and 4 of serum triglycerides concentration, respectively (ptrend = .0004). Similar results were observed for cardiovascular mortality. Our study in elderly male Chinese showed that fasting hypertriglyceridemia was associated with a higher risk of all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with normotension but not those with hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A global crisis caused by unsustainable practices and their detrimental effects on civilization has compelled us to rethink the adoption of green consumption practices. This study aims to determine the determinants of green consumption behavior among Chinese youth. Based on the integrated frameworks of two renowned theories, the knowledge-attitude-practice model and the theory of planned behavior, this study proposes 11 hypotheses for empirical investigation. An online survey was used for a quantitative cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of young Chinese consumers. A dataset comprising 876 observations was examined by applying partial least squares structural equation modeling using Smart-PLS 4.0. The results show that green consumption intention and perceived behavioral control significantly affect green consumption behavior. Attitudes towards eco-social benefits, attitudes towards green consumption, and subjective norms positively affect green consumption intentions. In addition, environmental concern and knowledge positively affected all three attitude dimensions. The study further identified that green self-identity moderates the connection between green consumption intention and green consumption behavior, whereas ecolabelling is not a significant moderator of the same relationship. The theoretical contribution of this study is that it employs multigroup analysis to investigate gender- and income-based variations in the relationships, offering a comprehensive framework integrating theories along with dimensions of attitude, which offers nuanced insights into green consumption behavior. Regarding its policy implications, this study highlights the necessity of promoting environmental concern and knowledge through education and awareness campaigns while supporting eco-social benefits and green consumption practices, which can be a potent way to promote positive attitudes, intentions, and sustainable behaviors among the general population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease and one of the fastest- growing global health emergencies of the 21st century. The relationships between hope level, social support, disease perception, and self-management behaviors are still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to create a structural equation model to investigate the underlying mechanisms of self-management behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and provide a theoretical basis for future interventions. Methods: By using cross-sectional studies and convenience sampling methods. A survey was conducted from June 2023 to April 2024 on 404 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the First and Third Hospitals of Jinzhou Medical University. Data were collected using scales, including the General Information Questionnaire, the Herth Hope Scale, the Social Support Rating Scale, the Brief Disease Perception Questionnaire, and the Diabetes Self-Management Behavior Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Harman's one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation test, structural equation modeling, and the bootstrap method to verify mediating effects. Results: Correlation analyses showed that all four variables were significantly correlated with each other (p < 0.01). Social support had the strongest correlation with self-management behavior (β = 0.554, p < 0.01), followed by hope level (β = 0.543, p < 0.01), and disease perception (β = -0.505, p < 0.01). The structural equation model indicated a strong overall fit (χ2/df = 3.378, GFI = 0.926, CFI = 0.924, IFI = 0.925, TLI = 0.903, RMSEA = 0.077). Conclusion: Overall, the chain mediation of social support and disease perception was significant. In developing targeted intervention strategies, future research should prioritize enhancing hope, optimizing social support, and reducing negative perceptions of disease by patients as key areas of focus. At the same time, strengthening self-management abilities and health behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes should not be neglected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to develop a novel scoring system utilizing circulating interleukin (IL) levels to predict resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in Chinese patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). We further compared this scoring system against six previously established scoring methods to evaluate its predictive performance. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on KD patients who were treated at the cardiovascular medical ward of our institution from January 2020 to December 2022. Six scoring systems (Egami, Formosa, Harada, Kobayashi, Lan and Yang) were analyzed, and a new scoring system was developed based on our data. Results: In our study, 521 KD patients were recruited, 42 of whom (8.06%) were identified as resistant to IVIG. Our study indicated that IVIG-resistant KD patients were at an increased risk for the development of coronary arterial lesions (CALs) (P = 0.001). The evaluation of IVIG resistance using various scoring systems revealed differing levels of sensitivity and specificity, as follows: Egami (38.10% and 88.52%), Formosa (95.24% and 41.13%), Harada (78.57% and 43.22%), Kobayashi (66.67% and 74.95%), Lan (66.67% and 73.49%), and Yang (69.05% and 77.24%). Our novel scoring system utilizing sIL-2R demonstrated the highest sensitivity and specificity of 69.29% and 83.91%, respectively, and calibration curves indicated a favorable predictive accuracy of the model. Conclusion: Our newly developed scoring system utilizing sIL-2R demonstrated superior predictive performance in identifying IVIG resistance among Chinese patients with KD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article I examine recent theoretical and empirical exchanges around partnership‐based urban governance between North Atlantic and Chinese academics and policymakers. I argue that the latest wave of de jure private–public partnerships in urban China reflects an ongoing process of governance rescaling beyond conventional entrepreneurial urbanism theory. I propose an analytical framework that foregrounds successive experimental partnerships as tensions between institutional continuity and change arising from rescaling. In this study I examine variegated actually existing partnerships in Jiyuan, China, to identify generalizable ideal types of partnership‐driven governance rescaling. I conclude by suggesting to enhance the theorization of entrepreneurial urbanism by specifying a partnership‐scale nexus, and assert that variegated partnerships in China have rewritten the rule but not the law of partnership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Suicidal ideation is a pressing public health concern, particularly among adolescents. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of and factors associated with suicidal ideation in Chinese adolescents, addressing an important gap in current research. Methods: This study employed an online survey of 3443 adolescents in Lianyungang, using a cross-sectional design. The assessment included the use of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder instrument, and the Perceived Social Support Scale to evaluate suicidal ideation, anxiety symptoms, and social support in adolescents, respectively. Results: In adolescents, the prevalence of suicidal ideation was 22.1%, with a significantly higher proportion among female adolescents than among males (27.9% vs 16.9%, P < 0.001). Binary regression analysis identified (OR = 1.788, 95% CI: 1.467-2.177, P < 0.001), anxiety symptoms (OR = 10.035, 95% CI: 7.441-13.534, P < 0.001), total PHQ-9 scores of mothers (OR = 1.040, 95%CI: 1.003 - 1.078, P = 0.034), total GAD-7 scores of mothers (OR = 0.958, 95%CI: 0.919 - 0.998, P = 0.039), and moderate parental relationships (OR = 2.042, 95% CI: 1.630-2.557, P < 0.001) to be risk factors for suicidal ideation; family support was a protective factor (OR = 0.888, 95% CI: 0.859-0.918, P < 0.001). Furthermore, family support partially mediates the relationship between anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation among adolescents (9.28%). Conclusions: This study highlights high adolescent suicidal ideation rates and recommends gender-specific interventions, anxiety management, and family support for improvement in mental health status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to describe the clinical and genetic characteristics of Chinese patients with congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM), and to evaluate the phenotype–genotype correlations in these patients. Methods: This was a retrospective study. Patients with CFEOM underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Panel-based next-generation sequencing was performed to identify pathogenic variants of disease-causing genes. Results: Sixty-two patients with CFEOM were recruited into this study. Thirty-nine patients were diagnosed with CFEOM1 and 23 with CFEOM3. Forty-nine of the 62 patients with CFEOM carried either KIF21A (41/49) or TUBB3 variants (8/49). Six known missense variants in the KIF21A and TUBB3 genes, and a novel variant (c.3906T > A, p.D1302E) in the KIF21A gene were detected. Most patients with CFEOM1 carrying the KIF21A mutation displayed isolated CFEOM, whereas patients with CFEOM3 carrying the TUBB3 mutation had a wide range of clinical manifestations, either CFEOM alone or syndromes. Nystagmus was also present in 12 patients with CFEOM. Furthermore, the MRI findings varied, ranging from attenuation of the extraocular muscles to dysgenesis of the cranial nerves and brain structure. Conclusions: The novel variants identified in this study will further expand the spectrum of pathogenic variants in CFEOM-related genes. However, no phenotype–genotype correlations were established because of the diversity of the clinical characteristics of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractSeveral studies have reported the relationship between LIN28A gene polymorphisms (rs3811463 T > C and rs34787247 G > A) and cancer susceptibility, but the results are inconsistent and need further clarification. The current study aimed to evaluate their relationship and also to explore the relationship between LIN28A gene expression and immune infiltration, tumor stage, survival prognosis, and drug sensitivity in pan-cancer. The meta-analysis and data mining were completed by STATA software and the GSCA platform, respectively. The meta-analysis showed that the rs3811463 polymorphism was not associated with cancer susceptibility, while the rs34787247 polymorphism was associated with cancer susceptibility in the Chinese population [AA vs. GG: Odd Ratio (OR)=1.98, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=1.35–2.89, PZ<0.001; GA vs. GG: OR = 1.17, 95%CI= 1.01–1.36, PZ=0.04; (AA + GA) vs. GG: OR = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.07–1.43, PZ=0.004; AA vs. (GA + GG): OR = 1.90, 95%CI = 1.30- 2.78, PZ=0.001; A vs. G: OR = 1.27, 95%CI = 1.12–1.44, PZ<0.001]. LIN28A gene expression was associated not only with immune infiltration, pathological stage, and survival prognosis of certain cancers, but also with sensitivity to multiple anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin, pazopanib, olaparib, and selumetinib. In conclusion, the current study suggested that the rs34787247 G > A polymorphism might be used as a cancer risk marker in the Chinese population, and LIN28A might serve as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for certain cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) is a new index to evaluate visceral adipose tissue in the Chinese population. Arterial stiffness (AS) is a kind of degeneration of the large arteries, and obesity is an essential contributing factor to AS. Our study aimed to explore the longitudinal association between CVAI and the risk of AS and to compare the predictive power of CVAI, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) for AS. Methods: Between 2010 and 2020, a total of 14,877 participants participating in at least two brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) measurements from the Kailuan study were included. The Cox proportional hazard regression models were performed to evaluate the longitudinal association between CVAI and the risk of AS. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated to compare the predictive power of CVAI, BMI, and WC for AS. Results: After adjusting for potential confounding factors, CVAI was significantly associated with the risk of AS. Compared with the first CVAI quartile, the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI of the second, third, and fourth quartiles were 1.30 (1.09–1.56), 1.37 (1.15–1.63), and 1.49 (1.24–1.78), respectively. The area under ROC curve of CVAI was 0.661, significantly higher than BMI (AUC: 0.582) and WC (AUC: 0.606). Conclusion: CVAI may be a reliable indicator to identify high-risk groups of AS in the Chinese general population, and the predictive power of CVAI for AS was better than BMI and WC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This retrospective study aimed to investigate treatment patterns and outcomes in patients with NSCLC harboring EGFR20ins in China. EGFR20ins mutations are associated with poor responses to EGFR-TKIs, and limited real-world data exist regarding the efficacy of various treatment modalities. Methods: In this retrospective, single-center study, treatment outcomes, including PFS and ORR, were evaluated for different treatment regimens based on imaging assessments. The impact of mutation heterogeneity on treatment efficacy was also explored. Results: Data from 302 patients diagnosed with NSCLC with EGFR20ins were analyzed. EGFR-TKI monotherapy demonstrated suboptimal PFS compared to platinum-based chemotherapy in the first-line setting (3.00 m vs. 6.83 m, HR = 3.674, 95%CI = 2.48–5.44, p < 0.001). Platinum plus pemetrexed plus bevacizumab combination therapy showed improved PFS and ORR compared to platinum plus pemetrexed (7.50m vs. 5.43 m, HR = 0.593, 95%CI = 0.383–0.918, p = 0.019). In later-line treatments, monotherapy with EGFR-TKIs or ICIs exhibited suboptimal efficacy. The specific EGFR20ins subtype, A763_Y764insFQEA, showed favorable responses to EGFR-TKIs in real-world settings. Conclusions: This large-scale real-world study provides valuable insights into the treatment patterns and outcomes of NSCLC patients with EGFR20ins mutations in China. These findings contribute to the understanding of EGFR20ins treatment and provide real-world benchmark for future clinical trials and drug development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT With the growing impact of the Internet in the daily life of youth, adolescent cyberloafing has become to be a pressing issue, yet its trigger factors remain underexplored. The current study examined the relationship between parental phubbing and adolescent cyberloafing, as well as the mediating roles of rejection sensitivity and loneliness. A total of 951 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 14.84, SDage = 1.51, 51.4% female) completed anonymous questionnaires measuring parental phubbing, rejection sensitivity, loneliness and adolescent cyberloafing. Data analysis showed that parental phubbing was significantly positively associated with adolescent cyberloafing and that rejection sensitivity and loneliness played important mediating roles in this relationship. Additionally, rejection sensitivity and loneliness mediated the relationship between parental phubbing and adolescent cyberloafing not only in parallel but also sequentially. This study furthers our understanding of how parental phubbing affects adolescent cyberloafing and has important implications for prevention and intervention of adolescent cyberloafing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Methods Results Materialism refers to values that equate materialistic possessions with happiness and success. Gathering materialistic possessions is also central to materialists' life. Extant research has widely shown that materialism is detrimental to people's well‐being, but its influences on meaning in life are less clear. In this article, we address two principal research questions within the framework of self‐determination theory: First, we explore the association between varying dimensions of materialism and the perceived meaning in life; second, we investigate the factors that mediate the relationship between materialistic values and meaning in life.Two cross‐sectional online survey studies (Study 1: 190 Chinese participants; Study 2: 767 participants [mainly Caucasians] from Prolific) were conducted to test a hypothesized serial double mediation model, in which basic psychological needs satisfaction and subjective well‐being were the two serial factors mediating the materialistic happiness to meaning in life relationship.Among the three materialism values, only materialistic happiness was negatively associated with meaning in life. Basic psychological needs satisfaction and subjective well‐being serially mediated the relationship. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Impulsivity increases the risk for depression and anxiety. However, the granular pathways among them remain unknown. A network approach that moves from disorder-level analysis to symptom-level analysis can provide further understanding of psychopathological mechanisms. In this study, we examined the network structure of impulsivity and separate and comorbid symptoms of depression and anxiety. Regularized partial-correlation networks were estimated using cross-sectional data from 1047 Chinese participants aged 18–26 years (main dataset, mean age = 21.45 ± 2.01 years) and 325 Chinese participants aged 18–36 years (an independent replication dataset, mean age = 21.49 ± 3.73 years), including impulsivity-depression, impulsivity-anxiety, and impulsivity-depression-anxiety networks. The datasets were collected from 1 June 2023 to 4 August 2023 and from 27 April 2022 to 16 May 2022, respectively. Impulsivity, depression, and anxiety were assessed using Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Version 11, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, respectively. Bridge centrality was analyzed, and a network comparison test (NCT) was conducted to investigate the differences between the main dataset and replication dataset. The motor impulsivity dimension was revealed to be closely connected with individual symptoms of depression and anxiety regardless of whether they were in separate disorder forms or comorbid forms. In all the networks, motor impulsivity was the most important bridge node. The NCT showed comparable network connectivity and network structure between the main and replication datasets. The use of cross-sectional data limited the inferences about the direction of causality between variables. These findings elucidate the psychopathological mechanisms underlying how impulsivity functions within depression, anxiety, and comorbidity and support that motor impulsivity is an important risk factor across different mental disorders and is responsible for comorbidity. The implications of these findings are discussed. • The links of impulsivity with depression, anxiety and comorbidities were examined. • Motor impulsivity was strongly associated with depression and anxiety symptoms. • Motor impulsivity was a risk factor across depression, anxiety, and comorbidity. • Disorders and comorbidity were understood from the perspective of impulsivity. • Network connectivity and structure showed no significant difference (p s ≥ 0.10). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Detecting potential depression and identifying the critical predictors of depression among older adults with chronic diseases are essential for timely intervention and management of depression. Therefore, risk prediction models (RPMs) of depression in elderly people should be further explored. A total of 3959 respondents aged 60 years or over from the wave four survey of the China Health and Retired Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included in this study. We used five machine learning (ML) algorithms and three data balancing techniques to construct RPMs of depression and calculated feature importance scores to determine which features are essential to depression. The prevalence of depression was 19.2 % among older Chinese adults with chronic diseases in the wave four survey. The random forest (RF) model was more accurate than the other models after balancing the data using the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) algorithm, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) of 0.957 and 0.920, respectively, a balanced accuracy of 0.891 and a sensitivity of 0.875. Furthermore, we further identified several important predictors between male and female patients via constructed sex-stratified models. Further research on the clinical impact studies of our models and external validation are needed. After several techniques were used to address class imbalance issues, most RPMs achieved satisfactory accuracy in predicting depression among elderly people with chronic diseases. RPMs may thus become valuable screening tools for both older individuals and healthcare practitioners to assess the risk of depression. • This study aimed to develop models to predict depression and explore the risk factors for depression among different research objects using machine learning methods. • The best-performing models in different populations generated approximately the same set of features (life satisfaction, self-reported health status, sleep duration, vision, etc.). • The prevalence of depression was 19.2 % among older adults with chronic diseases in China. Besides, the depression incidence rate in women was twice as high as that in men (68.4 % vs. 31.6 %). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis paper explores the status of Chinese fashion media from 2005 to 2015 to understand the role of fashion discourse and information flows in mobilizing activity and meaning in the Chinese fashion industry. By examining ten-year issues of two fashion magazines, Vogue China and iLook, alongside interviews with two fashion media workers, this research reveals that during this period, the diffusion channels for Chinese fashion media are experiencing significant change, with a shift in focus to the presentation of more localized fashion content and the creation of a closer relationship between Chinese fashion media and the Chinese fashion industry. The rise of online fashion media has provided an unprecedented way of engaging Chinese consumers with Chinese fashion, supporting a two-way information flow and a new dimension of interaction. Despite this development, the continuing dominance of fashion retailing and consumption, much of this being comprised of global fashion brands, and the scarcity of fashion professionals in China continue to marginalize Chinese fashion discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dietary diversity has been suggested as a potential preventive measure against frailty in older adults, but the effect of changes in dietary diversity on frailty is unclear. This study was conducted to examine the association between the dietary diversity score (DDS) and frailty among older Chinese adults. Methods: A total of 12,457 adults aged 65 years or older were enrolled from three consecutive and nonoverlapping cohorts from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (the 2002 cohort, the 2005 cohort, and the 2008 cohort). DDS was calculated based on nine predefined food groups, and DDS changes were assessed by comparing scores at baseline and the first follow-up survey. We used 39 self-reported health items to assess frailty. Cox proportional hazard models were performed to examine the association between DDS change patterns and frailty. Results: Participants with low-to-low DDS had the highest frailty incidence (111.1/1000 person-years), while high-to-high DDS had the lowest (41.1/1000 person-years). Compared to the high-to-high group of overall DDS pattern, participants in other DDS change patterns had a higher risk of frailty (HRs ranged from 1.25 to 2.15). Similar associations were observed for plant-based and animal-based DDS. Compared to stable DDS changes, participants with an extreme decline in DDS had an increased risk of frailty, with HRs of 1.38 (1.24, 1.53), 1.31 (1.19, 1.44), and 1.29 (1.16, 1.43) for overall, plant-based, and animal-based DDS, respectively. Conclusions: Maintaining a lower DDS or having a large reduction in DDS was associated with a higher risk of frailty among Chinese older adults. These findings highlight the importance of improving a diverse diet across old age for preventing frailty in later life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Low handgrip strength (HGS) and abdominal obesity (AO) have been reported to be linked to an increased all-cause mortality risk in older adults. However, the combined impact of AO with low HGS and/or HGS asymmetry on mortality risk remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of AO and abnormal HGS on mortality risk among Chinese older adults. Methods: Baseline data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2011, along with mortality outcomes obtained in 2018 were used for the analysis. Low HGS was identified as HGS <18 kg in women or <28 kg in men, while HGS asymmetry is defined as an HGS of either hand > 10% stronger than the other. AO was characterized by a waist circumference ≥90 cm in men and ≥85 cm in women. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between AO, abnormal HGS and mortality risk. Results: A total of 5186 subjects aged 60 years or older were enrolled, 50.6% of whom were male. The proportions of participants with only AO, only low HGS, only HGS asymmetry, low HGS with asymmetry, both AO and low HGS, both AO and asymmetric HGS, and AO with both low HGS and asymmetry were 20.0%, 6.1%, 16.6%, 8.3%, 3.2%, 13.4%, and 3.9%, respectively. Over the course of a 7-year follow-up interval, 970 of these individuals died, with 13.4%, 12.4%, 13.6%, 15.5%, 4.1%, 10.1% and 6.9% of deaths in the above groups, respectively. The adjusted logistic regression analysis model confirmed that only low HGS (OR = 1.897, 95%CI: 1.386–2.596, p<0.001), low HGS with asymmetry (OR = 1.680, 95%CI: 1.265–2.231, p<0.001), and AO combined with both low HGS and asymmetry (OR = 2.029, 95%CI: 1.381–2.981, p<0.001) were associated with a higher risk of mortality. Conclusions: Low HGS, with or without asymmetry, is associated with increased mortality risk in older Chinese adults without AO, and the combination of low HGS and HGS asymmetry further elevates mortality risk in those with AO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Breast and cervical cancer are the most common cancers in women, and are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Cancer screening can facilitate early diagnosis, reduce mortality, and ease the burden of cancer. Social support and self-efficacy are strongly associated with cancer screening behavior. The present study aimed to explore the mediating effect of self-efficacy on social support and cancer screening behavior. Methods: In this cross-sectional survey study conducted from June to October 2023, 312 women aged 35–65 years were recruited from the East Coast area of China. A general information questionnaire, cancer screening behavior questionnaire, social support scale and self-efficacy scale were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the general characteristics of participants; one-way analysis of variance was used to test for differences in the measured variables; and Pearson's correlation analyses were used to describe the relationship among social support, self-efficacy, and cancer screening behavior. A mediation model was constructed and analyzed using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Results: The mean (standard deviation) screening behavior score for breast cancer and cervical cancer was 3.98 (2.79), representing an intermediate level. Self-efficacy was closely related to social support and cancer screening behavior. Social support showed a significant positive correlation with self-efficacy (r = 0.37, p < 0.01) and cancer screening behavior (r = 0.18, p < 0.01). Self-efficacy was also significantly positively correlated with cancer screening behavior (r = 0.19, p < 0.05). Self-efficacy showed a full mediating effect between social support and cancer screening behavior, with an explanatory power of 32%. Conclusions: The findings emphasize the need to increase women's level of social support and self-efficacy, which in turn can increase women's participation in breast and cervical cancer screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Duplication of the optic disc is a rare phenomenon. Differentiating between true duplication and pseudo-duplication requires a comprehensive set of diagnostic procedures. Advancements in imaging provide new insights into this condition. Case presentation: This report details a unique case involving an 8-year-old Han Chinese girl diagnosed with uveal colobomas and pseudo-duplication of the optic disc in both eyes. The extensive multimodal examination included assessments of vision, fundus examination, fundus photography, B-scan ultrasonography, ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography, fundus fluorescein angiography, fundus autofluorescence, and magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion: Ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography proves to be a vital tool for examining and monitoring uveal colobomas with pseudo-duplication of the optic disc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Migraine is a common primary headache that has a significant impact on patients' quality of life. The co-occurrence of migraine and depression is frequent, resulting in more complex symptoms and a poorer prognosis. The evidence suggests that depression and migraine comorbidity share a polygenic genetic background. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify related genetic variants that contribute to genetic susceptibility to migraine with and without depression in a Chinese cohort. Methods: In this case-control study, 263 individuals with migraines and 223 race-matched controls were included. Eight genetic polymorphism loci selected from the GWAS were genotyped using Sequenom's MALDI-TOF iPLEX platform. Results: In univariate analysis, ANKDD1B rs904743 showed significant differences in genotype and allele distribution between migraineurs and controls. Furthermore, a machine learning approach was used to perform multivariate analysis. The results of the Random Forest algorithm indicated that ANKDD1B rs904743 was a significant risk factor for migraine susceptibility in China. Additionally, subgroup analysis by the Boruta algorithm showed a significant association between this SNP and migraine comorbid depression. Migraineurs with depression have been observed to have worse scores on the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS). Conclusion: The study indicates that there is an association between ANKDD1B rs904743 and susceptibility to migraine with and without depression in Chinese patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Depression is becoming a common threat to the mental health of Chinese adolescents. As an intermediate stage between being healthy and having depression, identifying factors influencing depressive may contribute to providing more options for the prevention and treatment of depression. Objective: The study aims to explore the effects of physical activity on adolescent depression, focusing on the times and hours of activity per week. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional dataset collected in Ruyang County, Henan Province in September 2022, including a sample of 5,629 adolescents in 31 compulsory public schools in the county. We utilized Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) to analyze the impact of physical activity on adolescents' depression scores, and probit model to analyze the influence of physical activity on adolescents' depression. To examine whether there is a U-shaped relationship between physical activity and depression, we included the squared terms of times and hours of activity in models. Results: The results showed that: (1) The times of physical activity significantly reduces Chinese adolescent depression. An increase in physical activity by one time per week is associated with a mean decrease of 0.354 points in depression scores (p < 0.01). However, an increase of one time of physical activity per week is associated with an average 1% increase in the likelihood of experiencing depression(p < 0.05), while the hours of physical activity was statistically insignificant. (2) Physical activity has a U-shaped (not linear) relationship with adolescent depression, with 7-8 times per week or 7-9 h of physical activity per week being the optimal range. Conclusion: The study found that increasing the frequency of physical activity positively impacts adolescent depression, while increasing the hours does not show a significant association. Furthermore, a U-shaped relationship exists between times of activity, hours of activity, and adolescent depression, suggesting that moderate activity is optimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spastic paraplegia type 4 (SPG4), the predominant form of Autosomal Dominant Hereditary spastic paraplegia (AD-HSP), is characterized by variants in the SPAST gene. This study reports a unique case of a lateonset SPG4 in a Han Chinese male, manifesting primarily as gait disturbances from lower extremity spasticity. Uncovered through wholegenome sequencing, a previously undocumented frameshift variant, c.1545dupA in exon 14 of the SPAST gene, was identified. Notably, this variant was absent in asymptomatic parents with confirmed paternity and maternity status, suggesting a de novo variant occurrence. This discovery emphasizes the potential of de novo variants to exhibit a late-onset pure pattern, extending the SPG4 variant spectrum, and consideration of such variants should be given in HSP patients with a negative family history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study aimed to explore the arousal and valence that people experience in response to Hangul phonemes based on the gender of an AI speaker through comparison with Korean and Chinese cultures. Methods: To achieve this, 42 Hangul phonemes were used, in a combination of three Korean vowels and 14 Korean consonants, to explore cultural differences in arousal, valence, and the six foundational emotions based on the gender of an AI speaker. A total 136 Korean and Chinese women were recruited and randomly assigned to one of two conditions based on voice gender (man or woman). Results and discussion: This study revealed significant differences in arousal levels between Korean and Chinese women when exposed to male voices. Specifically, Chinese women exhibited clear differences in emotional perceptions of male and female voices in response to voiced consonants. These results confirm that arousal and valence may differ with articulation types and vowels due to cultural differences and that voice gender can affect perceived emotions. This principle can be used as evidence for sound symbolism and has practical implications for voice gender and branding in AI applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) has continued to be a major issue for public health worldwide, especially among teenagers. Studies have found a certain correlation between NSSI and Problematic Internet Use (PIU). However, this relationship is still unclear among Chinese adolescents, a specific population. Hence, a meta-analysis was carried out on observational studies to explore the connection between NSSI and PIU in Chinese teenagers, aiming to provide more clarity on the correlation. Methods: To identify the link between NSSI and PIU, we scoured seven digital repositories until November 16, 2023. Employing a random-effects meta-analysis framework, we delved into the association between NSSI and PIU. Additionally, we carried out subgroup evaluations to scrutinize variables including geographical location, age demographics, research methodology, diagnostic instruments, gender, and variables controlled for confounding, like symptoms of depression. For amalgamating data, STATA software (version 16) was deployed. Results: In this analysis, we included 15 research papers encompassing a collective sample of 137,166 individuals. Our findings revealed a significant positive association between NSSI and PIU within the adolescent population in China, with an Odds Ratio (OR) of 2.02 and a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) ranging from 1.73 to 2.37. Notably, this correlation was markedly stronger in specific subgroups: adolescents from China's Western regions exhibited an OR of 4.22 (95% CI: 3.44, 5.18); middle school attendees had an OR of 2.09 (95% CI: 1.92, 2.28); those diagnosed with concurrent depression disorders showed an OR of 2.32 (95% CI: 1.98, 2.73); and female adolescents demonstrated an OR of 2.49 (95% CI: 2.26, 2.75), highlighting the nuanced dynamics of this relationship. Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicates that PIU among adolescents is associated with an increased risk of NSSI. Our findings underscore the importance of targeting specific populations, including those in the western region of China, middle school students, adolescents with comorbid depression disorders, and female adolescents, who may be at higher risk of PIU and subsequently NSSI. These results emphasize the need for tailored interventions and preventive strategies to address these intertwined issues effectively. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42024496579. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Recognizing the predictors of poor short-term prognosis after first-line immunotherapy in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is essential for individualized treatment strategy. The objective of this study was to ascertain the factors that forecast short-term prognosis in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, develop a prognostic prediction model, and authenticate its efficacy in an external validation cohort. Further, all patients were followed-up long-term to assess the factors of long-term outcome and relapses. Methods: A prospective enrollment of patients diagnosed with anti-NMDAR encephalitis was conducted across five clinical centers in China from June 2014 to Mar 2022. The enrolled patients were divided into the derivation and validation sets based on enrollment time. The short-term prognostic model was visualized using a nomogram. Further, all patients were followed-up long-term to assess the factors of long-term outcome. Results: This study found that poor short-term prognosis was a risk factor for poor long-term outcome (6-month prognosis, OR 29.792, 95%CI 6.507-136.398, p < 0.001; 12-month prognosis, OR 15.756, 95%CI 3.384–73.075, p < 0.001; 24-month prognosis, OR 5.500, 95%CI 1.045–28.955, p = 0.044). Abnormal behavior or cognitive dysfunction (OR 8.57, 95%CI 1.48–49.79, p = 0.017), consciousness impairment (OR19.32, 95%CI 3.03-123.09, p = 0.002), autonomic dysfunction or central hypoventilation (OR 5.66, 95%CI 1.25–25.75, p = 0.025), CSF pleocytosis (OR 4.33, 95%CI 1.48–12.65, p = 0.007), abnormal EEG (OR 5.48, 95% CI 1.09–27.54, p = 0.039) were independent predictors for a poor short-term prognosis after first-line immunotherapy. A nomogram that incorporated those factors showed good discrimination and calibration abilities. The area under the curve (AUC) for the prognostic model were 0.866 (95%CI: 0.798–0.934) with a sensitivity of 0.761 and specificity of 0.869. Conclusion: We established and validated a prognostic model that can provide individual prediction of short-term prognosis after first-line immunotherapy for patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. This practical prognostic model may help neurologists to predict the short-term prognosis early and potentially assist in adjusting appropriate treatment timely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Platinum-resistant or refractory ovarian cancer is a highly lethal gynecologic disease with limited treatment options. Chiauranib is a novel small-molecule selective inhibitor, which could effectively target multiple pathways including Aurora B and CSF-1R to inhibit cell cycle process and improve anti-tumor immune function, as long as VEGF pathway for tumor extinction. Methods: A phase II study was sequentially conducted after a phase Ib monotherapy study to evaluate the efficacy of chiauranib combined with chemotherapy. Chinese patients with recurrent ovarian cancer were enrolled. Eligible patients received chiauranib combined with a maximum of six cycles of chemotherapy: etoposide (CE group) or weekly-paclitaxel (CP group). Patients, who exhibited a complete or partial response, or stable disease following combo treatment, progressed to maintenance phase to receive chiauranib monotherapy. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) according to RECIST v1.1. Results: From November 2017 to March 2019, 25 patients were enrolled in a phase 1b study and a median PFS of 3.7 months (95% CI 1.8–NE) was achieved by chiauranib monotherapy. From July 2019 to December 2020, a total of 47 patients were enrolled in the phase II study. One CP patient did not receive the study drugs, and three patients withdrew before the first tumor assessment. Thus, 43 patients (CE group: 22 patients; CP group: 21 patients) were included in the evaluation. The median PFS was 5·4 months (95% CI 2·8–5·6) and 5·6 months (95% CI 3·4–7·0), respectively. Conclusions: This was the first study to evaluate chiauranib, a novel multi-targeted kinase inhibitor in patients with ovarian cancer. The administration of chiauranib along with etoposide or weekly-paclitaxel significantly enhanced the efficacy with manageable adverse events. This warrants further clinical studies on this novel treatment. A phase III study is promising and ongoing. Trial registration: ClinicaTrials.gov identifier: NCT03901118 (phase II) and NCT03166891 (phase Ib). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data from 2012 to 2020, we estimate the effect of the "Universal Two-Child" (UTC) policy on women's employment income in China by the Difference-in-Difference (DID) model. Our results show that the UTC policy leads to an average decrease of 20.86% in women's employment income. Moreover, we reveal the mediation effect in the impact of the UTC policy on women's income and find that the UTC policy leads to a decrease in women's income by reducing their working hours and hourly wages. Furthermore, we find that the negative impacts of the UTC policy on women's employment income are greater among women under 35 years old and those without a bachelor's degree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the impact of psychological age climate on the motivation of aged workers in China and explores the mediating mechanisms at play. Two proposed chains of mediation capture the potential mechanisms underlying this process. The first chain involves the task and knowledge characteristics of work design, specifically autonomy arrangements and skill-based job demands, as mediators. The second chain focuses on the social and physical/contextual aspects of work design, including social support and ergonomic working conditions. The study sample consisted of 1,094 Chinese employees aged between 50 and 70 years (M = 55.66, SD = 4.274). Our findings reveal that a positive psychological age climate--organizational norms and practices that value and support older workers--significantly boosts their motivation to continue working. This enhancement in motivation is mediated by increased job autonomy and robust social support within the workplace, confirming that these elements are crucial for translating a positive age climate into tangible outcomes. Contrary to existing literature, our research does not support the mediating role of job design tailored to aged workers' skills and ergonomic working conditions. This indicates that in the cultural and organizational context of China, where collective values and respect for elder wisdom predominate, autonomy and social support directly influence workers' motivation more profoundly than ergonomic and job design considerations. The study underscores the importance of creating inclusive organizational cultures and implementing targeted support strategies to retain and engage aged workers effectively. It suggests that public policymakers and organizational leaders should focus on fostering positive psychological age climates and providing necessary autonomy and social resources to meet the unique needs of an aging workforce, thereby enhancing both individual and organizational outcomes in a globally aging society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Large-scale sequencing plays important roles in revealing the genomic map of ccRCC and predicting prognosis and therapeutic response to targeted drugs. However, the relevant clinical data is still sparse in Chinese population. Methods: Fresh tumor specimens were collected from 66 Chinese ccRCC patients, then the genomic RNAs were subjected to whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS). We comprehensively analyzed the frequently mutated genes from our hospital's cohort as well as TCGA-KIRC cohort. Results: VHL gene is the most frequently mutated gene in ccRCC. In our cohort, BAP1 and PTEN are significantly associated with a higher tumor grade and DNM2 is significantly associated with a lower tumor grade. The mutant type (MT) groups of BAP1 or PTEN, BAP1 or SETD2, BAP1 or TP53, BAP1 or MTOR, BAP1 or FAT1 and BAP1 or AR had a significantly correlation with higher tumor grade in our cohort. Moreover, we identified HMCN1 was a hub mutant gene which was closely related to worse prognosis and may enhance anti-tumor immune responses. Conclusions: In this preliminary research, we comprehensively analyzed the frequently mutated genes in the Chinese population and TCGA database, which may bring new insights to the diagnosis and medical treatment of ccRCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim Materials and Methods Results Conclusions To investigate the association between metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and left ventricular geometric remodelling in Chinese children.This cross‐sectional study used data from two population‐based samples in China, including 2871 children aged 6–11 years. Weight status was defined based on body mass index according to the World Health Organization growth chart. Metabolic status was defined based on the 2018 consensus‐based criteria proposed by Damanhoury et al. Obes Rev 2018;19:1476–1491 (blood pressure, lipids and glucose). Left ventricular geometric remodelling was determined as concentric remodelling, eccentric hypertrophy, and concentric hypertrophy. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to determine odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between categories of weight and metabolic status and left ventricular geometric remodelling.Compared with children with metabolically healthy normal weight, those with MHO had higher odds of left ventricular geometric remodelling, with adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of 2.01 (1.23–3.28) for concentric remodelling, 6.36 (4.03–10.04) for eccentric hypertrophy, and 17.07 (7.97–36.58) for concentric hypertrophy. Corresponding ORs (95% CIs) were 2.35 (1.47–3.75), 10.85 (7.11–16.55), and 18.56 (8.63–39.94), respectively, for children with metabolically unhealthy obesity. In contrast, metabolically unhealthy normal weight was not associated with higher odds of left ventricular geometric remodelling. Findings were consistent in sensitivity analyses that used different definitions of weight and metabolic status and left ventricular geometric remodelling.Children with MHO had higher odds of left ventricular geometric remodelling than their metabolically healthy normal weight counterparts. Our findings suggest MHO may not be a benign condition for cardiac health in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive inherited disease caused by variants of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulation (CFTR) gene. This report presents a case of a Chinese boy diagnosed with CF, attributed to the presence of two specific CFTR gene variations: 4056G > C (NM_000492.4) (p.Gln1352His, legacy: Q1352H) and c.1210-34TG[13]T[5] (NM_000492.4)(legacy: 5T; TG13). A ten-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital due to recurrent pneumonia, cough, and intermittent fever for seven years. Lung auscultation revealed rales, and a lung CT scan indicated parenchymal transformation with infection in both lungs. Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) identified two CFTR gene variants, Q1352H and 5T; TG13, which were significantly associated with clinical phenotype. Following a two-year course of azithromycin combined with inhalation therapy with budesonide, the patient experienced no further episodes of respiratory infections. Moreover, significant improvements were observed in pulmonary function, pulmonary infection, and bronchiectasis. The occurrence of combined variations, Q1352H and 5T; TG13, in the CFTR gene is rare and specific to Chinese populations. WES proves to be a valuable diagnostic tool for detecting CFTR gene variants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evidence regarding the role of dietary patterns in metabolic syndrome (MetS) is limited. The mechanistic links between dietary patterns, insulin resistance, and MetS are not fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of MetS in a Chinese population using a longitudinal design. Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, a nationally representative survey, were analyzed. MetS cases were identified based on biomarker data collected in 2009. Factor analysis was employed to identify dietary patterns, while logistic regression models were utilized to examine the association between dietary patterns and MetS. Mediation models were applied to assess multiple mediation effects. Two dietary patterns were revealed by factor analysis. Participants in the higher quartiles of the traditional Chinese dietary pattern had lower odds of MetS than those in the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.48, 0.69 for Q4; OR = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.63, 0.89 for Q3). Conversely, participants in the higher quartiles of the modern Chinese dietary pattern had higher odds of MetS compared to those in the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR = 1.40, 95%CI: 1.17, 1.68 for Q4; OR = 1.27, 95%CI: 1.06, 1.52 for Q3). Significant associations between dietary patterns and MetS were mediated by insulin resistance. Therefore, dietary patterns in Chinese adults are associated with MetS, and these associations appear to be mediated through insulin resistance. These findings underscore the critical role of dietary patterns in the development of MetS and establish a foundation for culturally tailored dietary interventions aimed at reducing rates the prevalence of MetS among Chinese adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Child-to-parent Violence Questionnaire (CPV-Q) in a group of Chinese adolescents. Methods: A total of 1138 adolescents (15.24 ± 1.17 years old) were tested with the Chinese version of CPV-Q, Parent-Adolescent Conflict Scale, and Adolescent Aggressive Behavior Scale of which 201 adolescents were retested 1 month later. The Chinese version of CPV-Q contains psychological, physical, financial, and control/domain factors with 14 items. Results: The four-factor model has good main fit indicators (father: χ2/df = 3.28, CFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.06; mother: χ2/df = 3.30, CFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.06); the scale has good criterion-related validity. The Cronbach's α coefficients of the Chinese version of CPV-Q were 0.89 (father) and 0.88 (mother), and the Cronbach's α coefficients of the four subscales were 0.81 ~ 0.84 (father) and 0.76 ~ 0.85 (mother). The test–retest reliability of the Chinese version of CPV-Q was 0.85 (father) and 0.83 (mother), and the test–retest reliability of the four subscales was 0.80 ~ 0.83 (father) and 0.75 ~ 0.84 (mother). Conclusion: Therefore, the CPV-Q has good reliability and validity for Chinese adolescents and can be used as an effective tool to evaluate Chinese adolescents' violence toward their parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exidavnemab is a monoclonal antibody (mAb) with a high affinity and selectivity for pathological aggregated forms of α‐synuclein and a low affinity for physiological monomers, which is in clinical development as a disease‐modifying treatment for patients with synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease. Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, and exploratory biomarkers were assessed in two separate Phase 1 single ascending dose studies, including single intravenous (IV) (100 to 6000 mg) or subcutaneous (SC) (300 mg) administration of exidavnemab in healthy volunteers (HVs). Across the two studies, a total of 98 Western, Caucasian, Japanese, and Han Chinese HVs were enrolled, of which 95 completed the study. Exidavnemab was generally well tolerated. There were no serious adverse events or safety issues identified in laboratory analyses. Headache, asymptomatic COVID‐19, back pain, and post lumbar puncture syndrome were the most frequently reported treatment‐emergent adverse events. Following IV infusion, the pharmacokinetics of exidavnemab was approximately dose linear in the range 100‐6000 mg. The terminal half‐life was approximately 30 days, and the exposure was comparable across Western, Caucasian, Japanese, and Han Chinese volunteers. The absolute SC bioavailability was ∼71%. Cerebrospinal fluid exposure relative to serum after single dose was within the range expected for mAbs (approximately 0.2%). The anti‐drug antibody rates were low and there was no effect of immunogenicity on the pharmacokinetics or safety. Dose‐dependent reduction of free α‐synuclein in plasma was observed. In summary, exidavnemab was found to have an excellent pharmacokinetic profile and was well tolerated in HVs, supporting the continued clinical development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental energy is an important factor in many domains, including athletic performance. The athletic mental energy scale (AMES) is one of the established tools available to measure athletes' perceived mental energy state. To date, there is no validated questionnaire to assess athletic mental energy for Chinese adolescents. Therefore, purpose of this study was to validate a Chinese version of AMES (C-AMES) among the Chinese adolescents in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China. We sampled 729 adolescents aged 14 to 18 in five middle schools in Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China to complete the revised C-AMES. Data were analyzed for factor structure validity by performing CFA. The results showed that the fit index was acceptable (RMSEA = 0.050, CFI = 0.962, TLI = 0.951), and a six-factor model containing 18 C-AMES items had good measurement properties for athletic mental energy. We suggest future study may use C-AMES to examine the relationship between athletes' mental energy and athletic performance and sporting behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study utilized a combination of questionnaires and computational modeling to investigate age-related differences in moral judgments and the underlying cognitive mechanisms among the Chinese population. Study 1 employed the Oxford Utilitarianism Scale to investigate impartial beneficence and instrumental harm across different age groups. Results indicated that older adults scored significantly higher than younger adults on both dimensions even after controlling for level of education and gender. Study 2 utilized the CNI (consequences, norms, inaction) model to gain a more nuanced understanding of age differences in moral judgments. Findings indicated that older adults exhibited less sensitivity to moral norms when forming moral judgments. This implies that older individuals psychologically lean toward utilitarianism and are less influenced by prevailing norms in their moral decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Money is often, but not always, considered an inappropriate gift. By considering recent insights in the social function of gratitude, we argue that the acceptability of money relies upon its capacity to evoke gratitude through conveying relational concerns. Study 1 (N = 240, US participants) revealed that monetary gifts are generally perceived as less acceptable and evoke less gratitude than non-monetary gifts of equivalent value. Furthermore, when monetary gifts were designated as specific gift coupons, they evoked more gratitude and were more acceptable. Study 2 (N = 471, Chinese participants) revealed that 520 RMB cash, symbolizing love in China, elicits increased gratitude and was therefore considered a favorable gift compared to similar amounts without such connotations. Taken together, we identify gratitude as the psychological mechanism underlying the acceptability of money and advocate for the recognition of monetary gifts with broader social, cultural, and psychological implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Methods Results Conclusion The study employed a retrospective survey of 458 older individuals with T2D residing in a Chinese community, conducted between June 2020 and May 2021, to develop a predictive model for frailty. Among the participants, 83 individuals (18.1%) were diagnosed with frailty using modified frailty phenotypic criteria. The predictors of frailty in this community‐dwelling older population with T2D were determined using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariable logistic regression. These predictors were utilized to construct a nomogram. The discrimination, calibration, and medical usefulness of the prediction model were assessed through the C‐index, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis (DCA), respectively. Additionally, internal validation of the prediction model was conducted using bootstrapping validation.The developed nomogram for frailty prediction predominantly incorporated age, smoking status, regular exercise, depression, albumin (ALB) levels, sleep condition, HbA1c, and polypharmacy as significant predictors. Our prediction model demonstrated excellent discrimination and calibration, as evidenced by a C‐index of 0.768 (95% CI, 0.714–0.822) and strong calibration. Internal validation yielded a C‐index of 0.732, further confirming the reliability of the model. DCA indicated the utility of the nomogram in identifying frailty among the studied population.The development of a predictive model enables a valuable estimation of frailty among community‐dwelling older individuals with type 2 diabetes. This evidence‐based tool provides crucial guidance to community healthcare professionals in implementing timely preventive measures to mitigate the occurrence of frailty in high‐risk patients. By identifying established predictors of frailty, interventions and resources can be appropriately targeted, promoting better overall health outcomes and improved quality of life in this vulnerable population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identifying high‐quality causal explanations is key to scientific understanding. This research (N = 202; 50% girls; Mage: 5.82 years; 64% Asian, 33% White, and 3% multiracial; data collected from 2018 to 2024) examined how explanation circularity and informants' social dominance impact children's learning preferences for causal explanations. Raised in a culture valuing circular logic, Chinese children still preferred non‐circular explanations and learning from informants providing non‐circular explanations (d ≥ 0.50). When informants with non‐circular explanations were subordinate to those with circular explanations, Chinese and American children preferred non‐circular over circular explanations (d = 1.10), but did not prefer learning new information from either informant. Although children weigh explanation quality over informant dominance when seeking explanations for given questions, they consider both cues when evaluating informants' credibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-dipper blood pressure has been shown to affect cardiovascular outcomes and cognitive function in patients with hypertension. Although some studies have explored the influencing factors of non-dipper blood pressure, there is still relatively little research on constructing a prediction model. This study aimed to develop and validate a simple and practical nomogram prediction model and explore relevant elements that could affect the dipper blood pressure relationship in patients with hypertension. A convenient sampling method was used to select 356 inpatients with hypertension who visited the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from January 2022 to September 2022. All patients were randomly assigned to the training cohort (75%, n = 267) and the validation cohort (25%, n = 89). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were utilized to identify influencing factors. The nomogram was developed and evaluated based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the area under the ROC curve (AUC), and decision curve analyses. The optimal cutoff values for the prevalence of dipper blood pressure were estimated. The nomogram was established using six variables, including age, sex, hemoglobin (Hb), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), ejection fraction (EF), and heart rate. The AUC was 0.860 in the training cohort. The cutoff values for optimally predicting the prevalence of dipper blood pressure were 41.50 years, 151.00 g/L, 117.53 mL/min/1.73 m², 64.50%, and 75 beats per minute for age, Hb, eGFR, ejection fraction, and heart rate, respectively. In summary, our nomogramcan be used as a simple, plausible, affordable, and widely implementable tool to predict the blood pressure pattern of Chinese patients with hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Both Internet addiction (IA) and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) are major public health concerns among adolescents, association between internet addiction and non-suicidal self-injury have been observed among adolescents. However, it is unclear how, and under what conditions, internet addiction relates to non-suicidal self-injury. According to our hypothesis, there is a positive relationship between IA and NSSI among Chinese adolescents, but this relationship is affected by the mediating role of loneliness and the moderating role of cognitive reappraisal. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1046 Chinese adolescents from 3 middle schools. Measurements: Adolescent Self-Harm Scale; Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT); University of California at Los Angels (UCLA) Loneliness Scale; Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), They were asked to complete self-report questionnaires. Results: In our sample, the detection rate of NSSI was 12.3%. IA was positively associated with NSSI, and loneliness partially mediated the association between them. In addition, cognitive reappraisal moderated the first half path of the mediation model. Specifically, the higher the level of cognitive reappraisal, the weaker the positive effect of IA on NSSI through loneliness. Conclusion: Interventions targeted to reduce loneliness and increase cognitive reappraisal strategies may reduce the risk of NSSI in adolescents with Internet addiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Congenital scoliosis and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract are distinct genetic disorders with differing clinical manifestations. Clinically, their coexistence is not rare, but the etiologies of these complex diseases remain largely unknown, especially their shared genetic basis. Methods: We sequenced the genomes of 40 individuals diagnosed with both CS and CAKUT, alongside 2,764 controls from a Chinese Han population cohort. Our analyses encompassed gene-based and pathway-based weighted rare variant association tests, complemented by copy number variant association analyses, aiming to unravel the shared genomic etiology underlying these congenital conditions. Results: Gene-based analysis identified PTPN11 as a pivotal gene influencing both skeletal and urinary system development (P = 1.95E-21), participating in metabolic pathways, especially the MAPK/ERK pathway known to regulate skeletal and urinary system development. Pathway-based enrichment showed a significant signal in the MAPK/ERK pathway (P = 3E-04), reinforcing the potential role of PTPN11 and MAPK/ERK pathway in both conditions. Additionally, CNV analysis pinpointed IGFLR1 haploinsufficiency as a potential influential factor in the combined CS-CAKUT phenotypic spectrum. Conclusion: This study enriches our understanding of the intricate genomic interplay underlying congenital scoliosis and kidney and urinary tract anomalies, emphasizing the shared genetic foundations between these two disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Efgartigimod, a neonatal Fc receptor antagonist, facilitates antibody degradation including pathogenic IgGs. The ADAPT study demonstrated the tolerability and efficacy of efgartigimod in the treatment of generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG). However, very limited evidence is available for the Chinese population, and it remains inconclusive about which kind of patients are selected to preferentially receive efgartigimod in real‐world settings. Methods: This multicenter cohort study included gMG patients treated at 14 neuromuscular reference centers in China. The Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG‐ADL) score, immunosuppressants, and the incidence of treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were prospectively collected. Results: Of the 1640 gMG admitted between September and December 2023, 61 (3.7%) received efgartigimod for at least one treatment cycle. Among them, 56 cases (92%) were anti‐AChR antibody‐positive, 4 were anti‐MuSK antibody‐positive, and 1 was seronegative. Thymoma‐associated myasthenia gravis accounted for most cases (44%, 27 out of 61). The principal causes of efgartigimod initiation included MG acute exacerbation (MGAE) (48%, 29 out of 61) and myasthenic crisis (MC) (15%, 9 out of 61). Clinically meaningful improvement was rapidly achieved in 97% (58 out of 61) of patients at 1.3 ± 0.7 weeks. By week 12, the MG‐ADL score reduced to 3.8 ± 4.1 (baseline:10.5 ± 5.2) for all participants, while it reduced to 4.0 ± 4.7 for MGAE and 3.8 ± 4.2 for MC, respectively. All but one TMG patient required no additional rescue therapies after efgartigimod initiation. 11.5% (7 out of 61) reported ≥1 TEAEs. Interpretation: This multicenter cohort study demonstrated the efficacy of efgartigimod in rapid control of gMG. Patients with MGAE or MC would benefit from efgartigimod treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]