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The article offers information related to the electronic industries. Topics discussed include the announcement of electronics company Epson on the Legacy Paper photographic papers line, the announcement of demand and digital distribution document company Mimeo on the release of the Mimeo Digital content management and distribution platform, and the announcement of the imagiNATION 2016 inkjet user conference by printer manufacturer Roland DGA to be held in Orlando, Florida on April 20, 2016.

In this work, the physical and mechanical properties of bleached Eucalyptus pulp reinforced with nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) are compared with those of traditional beaten pulp used in the making of writing/printing and offset printing papers. For this purpose, three different types of hardwood slurries were prepared: beaten pulps, unbeaten pulps reinforced with NFC, and slightly beaten pulps also reinforced with NFC. Physical and mechanical tests were performed on handsheets from these different slurries. The results showed that adding NFC to unbeaten pulps results in physical and mechanical properties similar to those in pulps used for printing/writing papers. Nevertheless, the best results were obtained in slurries previously beaten at slight conditions and subsequently reinforced with NFC. These results demonstrate that the addition of NFC allows a reduction in beating intensity without decreasing the desired mechanical properties for this specific purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: As a new model system of dye-containing oil droplet of color paper, the dispersion of dye-containing oil droplet in water was successfully prepared by reprecipitation method, and was used for the analysis of photo-excited states of dyes used for color image formation in silver halide color photography. This model was applied to analysis of photo-excited states of yellow dye aggregates of 1,1-dioxo-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine series. It was found that the lightfastness of the yellow dye of this series is controlled by the degree of aggregation and the lifetime of S1 state of the aggregate. Based on the finding, we have succeeded in improvement of lightfastness of the dye by sterically hindering the aggregation and reducing the lifetime of the excited state. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

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Advances in ink-jet printing have resulted in a new generation of ink-jet printers, which can print faster, at wider widths, producing four-color images close to photographic quality. Ink-jet printing papers must respond to these changes through quick ink absorption, minimizing ink bleeding and wicking, while retaining favorable ink optical density. Amorphous and precipitated silica and silica gels, prepared by the acidification of a solution of sodium silicate, are commonly used in premium matte coated ink-jet papers. Aqueous coatings for paper or paperboard applications use traditional coating pigments such as clay, calcium carbonate, and titanium dioxide. However, for matte coated ink-jet papers, precipitated and gelled silica are used for their unique morphological properties. The structure of these pigments provides an internal and packing porosity that enables the rapid diffusion of liquid inks into the coating layer. The rapid uptake of the ink immobilizes the anionic dyes at the surface of the coating. This accumulation of dye at the surface allows high optical print densities to be achieved. The particle size of precipitated and gelled silica is typically in the 3–16 mm range. Particles of this size significantly reduce gloss, which limits their use in glossy ink-jet media. Thus, they are primarily used in matte grades. This study compared coatings of non-porous fumed silica, aluminum oxide, and precipitated silica in ink-jet media. We used a blade coat process on a cylindrical lab coater (CLC) rather than the cast coat process. We focused on the contribution of pigment chemistry, functionality, and particle size on coating structure, and coating influences on ink-jet print quality. The pigments used are commercially available and, because of this work, currently being used commercially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An orthogonal array design (OAD), OA9, was employed as a chemometric method for the optimization of the silver recovery from waste photographic paper using external electrolysis. In this work, silver was recovered from photographic paper by dissolving the silver compounds with ammonia solution. The external electrolysis method was carried out using a brass electrode as cathode and a carbon electrode as anode. Similarly, external electrolysis was carried out without adding ammonia solution. The effects of four parameters: electrolysis time, ammonia concentration as chelating agent, solution temperature, and electrolysis voltage on the amount of recovered silver were investigated. The effects of these factors on the recovery of metallic silver were quantitatively evaluated by the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that silver can be effectively extracted from various sources, such as waste photographic paper and jewelry scrap, by dissolution in ammonical solutions with the aid of external electrolysis. Finally, the optimum conditions for silver recovery by electrolysis using ammonia as chelating agent were proposed. The results of ANOVA showed that 7.5-hr electrolysis time, 1.3359 mol/L ammonia concentration, and 4.5 V electrolysis voltage are optimum conditions for the silver recovery procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Color discrimination in jumping spiders Hasarius adansoni was examined by heat-avoidance learning in association with colored papers. The arena for the experiment was divided into two halves by a pair of colored papers. The colored papers used in this study were blue, green, yellow, red, white, gray and black. In training sessions, one half of the arena was heated from the bottom by a hot plate, and freely walking spiders were individually trained to avoid the heated half. In subsequent memory tests without heat, they consistently avoided the heat-associated colored papers. We found that jumping spiders could learn blue-green, blue-yellow, blue-red, blue-gray, green-yellow, green-red, green-gray, yellow-red, yellow-gray and red-gray patterns. Moreover, spiders trained with a blue-white pattern, a green-white pattern, a yellow-white pattern or a red-white pattern could discriminate the blue, green, yellow or red from black. It seems that jumping spiders can discriminate the blue, green, yellow and red papers by their hue, although brightness may also be used together with the color cue to discriminate colored papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents information on a study which proposed a color consistency algorithm for different printing materials using dot gain and intensity compensation. Measurement of spectral reflectance of color patches; Dot gain compensation based on saturation; Experimental details; Conclusions.

The glossiness of paper and painted objects is one of the important factors in the evaluation of their manufactured quality. Although the gloss of specimens is judged visually in quality control, specular glossiness measuring instruments now offer a replacement for visual evaluation. However, in evaluation of glossiness in a group consisting of specimens of different colors, the specular glossiness measuring instrument has certain deficiencies, as a result of which the measured glossiness values are not proportional to human evaluations of glossiness (psychological glossiness); however, the instrument is suitable to a group consisting of specimens of similar color. Thus, research intended to obtain suitable measurements of physical glossiness for colored specimens was undertaken. First, an attempt was made to approximate the gloss appearance perceived by the human eye by using a model of the intensity distribution of the light reflected from a specimen surface. Utilizing the obtained gloss appearance, a new physical glossiness is defined and is provisionally named “specular diffusion ratio glossiness” (GSD): The new glossiness is shown to be nearly proportional to the psychological glossiness by the use of the glossiness measuring apparatus developed in this study. In the latter half of this paper, the application of the new glossiness index GSD to currently used specular glossiness measuring instruments is proposed, and its utility is confirmed by using various colored papers. Finally, problems for future research are identified. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn. 28 (1): 95–112, 1997 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The continuous grey scale image is printed on the liquid crystal (LC) cell through the similar printing process on a photographic paper. The LC cell is prepared with a rubbed photo-cross-linkable polymer coated substrate whose azimuthal anchoring strength increases by exposing the unpolarized UV light. The cell filled with the LC is exposed to the UV light through a negative film, and is thermally developed and fixed. The twist angle continuously changes from 0° to about 90° by increasing the exposure, and the positive image with continuous grey levels appears in the LC cell between parallel polarizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents an update on issues and events related to mineralogy as of September/October 2004. Information on the 26th annual mineralogical symposium held in conjunction with the Tucson Gem and Mineral Show in Arizona on February 12, 2005; Reason the Earth Science Week was established; Web site address of the Hudson Institute of Mineralogy; List of donors that funded the color photography in the September/October issue of the "Rocks & Minerals" magazine.

Presents several articles on communication design. "Designing Theory in Communication," by P. Storkerson; "The Effects of Using Colored Paper to Boost Response-Rates to Surveys and Questionnaires," by J. Hartley and A. Rutherford; "Get Real: The Need for Effective Design Research," by C. Nemeth.

The article provides information concerning the Waxed Paper Process in the U.S. The author stated that the Waxed Paper Process is no longer a variant on the Calotype than gelatine dry plate was a variant on wet collodion. Calotype and waxed paper share the same base paper , and the same raw chemicals. The nature process of image formation with the Waxed Paper Process was entirely different from that of the Calotype. With the use of Calotype, the image was formed in light-sensitive chemistry held within the upper thickness of the paper.

The article informs that the American Standards Association (ASA) approved on February 27, 1950 the American Standard Method for Determining Residual Thiosulfate and tetrathionate in Processed Photographic Papers sponsored by the Optical Society of America. The ASA classification is Z38.8.25-1950, and the UDC 77.023. The Standard contained in an eight page leaflet may be secured from the American Standards Association Inc., 70 East 45th Street, New York 17, New York, at a cost of $0.35 (thirty-five cents). From the same source a free list of all standards approved to date, including 142 dealing with photography, is available.