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Seven flavanones, including two new compounds coupled with styryl units, communins C (1) and D (2), as well as five known compounds, were isolated from Polytrichum commune Hedw. The planar structures of all compounds were determined using extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of two new compounds were assigned by comparing experimental ECD with calculated ECD. The cytotoxicity of all isolates against HCT-116, BGC803, MCF7 and PANC-1 cell lines was evaluated. Communin D exhibited significant cytotoxic activity on BGC803 cells with an IC50 value of 9.3 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundMethodResultsConclusionThe birth of a child with an intellectual or developmental disability inherently presents challenges to parents regarding the child’s long-term future. This qualitative study examined the perceptions of parents who are kibbutz members, focusing on the non-profit organisation they established and the socioeconomic model they developed to ensure the future wellbeing of their children with intellectual and developmental disabilities.In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 participants and used a thematic analysis based on case study methodology.The socioeconomic model developed by kibbutz parents helps alleviate their concerns, but also gave rise to challenges related to kibbutz privatisation and the requirement for programs to be tailored to individual needs. The study highlighted how cooperation among families, the community, and government institutions can contribute to individual and collective solutions for people with disabilities.These insights expand our understanding of parental social entrepreneurship within intentional communities and other contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Improvement Network Health and Development Framework (INHD Framework) sets a vision for a complex new organizational form for practical problem solving: the Networked Improvement Community (NIC). One critical test of this idealized framework is to explore its usefulness in describing variation in these deliberatively formed, temporary problem-solving networks as they are operationalized in the public school context. This article explores the health and development of 34 improvement networks catalyzed by the Gates Foundation's Networks for School Improvement (NSI) initiative using evidence generated from a survey-based measurement system. We present evidence that at least six NSIs from the sample of 34 have normative practices and member attitudes that strongly align with the INHD Framework, suggesting that some intentional improvement communities aligned with the framework have come into existence, while another subset of five NSIs were significantly struggling to realize the idealized vision of a scientific-professional learning community. Following these high-level patterns, we examine evidence from program documentation to cross validate patterns found in network health and development identified through the survey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the issue of abandoned agricultural land (AAL) as a phenomenon whose containment is crucial due to its extent, the agro-ecological transition, and the development challenges faced by mountain communities. The research is organised on two levels: (a) the mountain region of Troodos, Cyprus, where the stance of local communities regarding the impacts of abandonment is investigated, and (b) representative communities where the findings from the diagnosis, with the contribution of spatial analysis, are used as a guide in planning the process of recovering AAL. At this scale, an interactive methodology is proposed that incorporates the spatial and production dimensions through a "zone for recovery". The paper results in a recovery process based on the correspondence between the differentiated agricultural land uses in mountains (intensive/extensive models, self-consumption, management, etc.) and the various user groups (existing and potential farmers, diaspora, etc.). This process indicates that, as long as there is a combined institutional intervention by communities, spatial planning, and local governance, integrating recovery into the local multifunctional production system leads to its differentiation and increased resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arcos: Design, Cultura e Visualidade is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents a mathematical programming model to simultaneously create districts and allocate seats in Chile's Chamber of Deputies, improving representativeness. In addition, it explicitly incorporates constraints that ensure the contiguity of the communes that form the districts while respecting natural and administrative boundaries. Implementing specific strategies and methods has resulted in significant enhancements in particular metrics used to assess the degree of representativeness. These improvements have effectively addressed certain shortcomings and resulted in more accurate and reliable representation measurements in the given context. This study proposes a novel mathematical programming model that simultaneously tackles district creation and seat allocation for Chile's Chamber of Deputies. This integrated approach aims to achieve a more representative body. The results demonstrate a substantial decrease in malapportionment, from 11.07 in the 2015 reform to 6.55 under the proposed model. Furthermore, the sum of deviations has diminished, and the number of overrepresented districts has decreased from 17 to 13 out of 28 districts. Consequently, the malapportionment has been significantly reduced and falls within the permissible range of deviations, as outlined by the European Commission for Democracy through Law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the work was to learn the importance of tourism in the socio-economic development of rural communes based on strategic documents. Design/methodology/approach: The authors analyzed the current strategic documents of the commune. A detailed analysis of selected studies was made, i.e. chapters on strategic and operational goals and SWOT/TOWS analyses. Findings: The article presents considerations related to the development of tourism in rural areas, based on the literature on the subject and the results of research. Practical implications: The study concerned the objectives and elements of the SWOT/TOWST analysis, which were directly related to the development of tourism in the analyzed commune. Originality/value: Analysis based on existing data, SWOT and TOWS analyses, analyzes of the Development Strategy of the examined commune, as well as the mission and vision of the commune's development outlined on this basis, allowed us to determine the hierarchical structure of five groups of strategic, operational and detailed goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of the regional development agencies in France is to enable the people of the region to participate in and benefit from development, to develop the entrepreneurial potential of the region by providing services, and to revive the economy in the region. The development of the agencies in the country started after the decentralization and regionalization reforms implemented in the country in the 1980s as indexed to the European Union, and in 2015, significant progress was made within the scope of the NOTRe law. Currently, there are 20 regional agencies that work together with the regional administrations that come into prominence comparing to the provincial and commune administrations and have the authority to use the budget. The aim of this study is to examine the development agencies in France in terms of decentralization and regionalization. It is observed that agencies are generally established in the fields of attractiveness, development and innovation and located in three main levels: regional, provincial and commune/intercommune. Regional agencies are wholly in the hands of regional administrations, and therefore agencies offer a less partnership-based form of governance. In this context, the missions of regional development agencies have developed by following the evolution of regional skills. In the own ecosystem of a regional economic development agency; It has three main roles: leader/coordinator, overall provider, and operational tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I argue that, for Aquinas, esse commune is the absolute notion of esse. It is absolute, moreover, precisely in the Avicennian sense insofar as it is the consideration of esse as abstracted from intelligible and material modes of being. First, I clarify Dionysius's distinction between the two senses of per se theonyms, focusing on the Procline provenance of adverbs like ἀπολύτως and ἀρχηγικῶς in the Divine Names. Second, I defend Aquinas's interpretation and development of Dionysius's distinction, higlighting his reliance on Avicenna's threefold consideratio in his account of per se theonyms as absolute natures. I will conclude with suggestions for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents considerations on the importance of the provisions of the municipality's general plan referred to in the Act of March 27, 2023 on Spatial Planning and Development, as well as the importance of the provisions of the local general plan, referred to in the Act of July 12, 1984 on Spatial Planning when estimating real estate for the purposes of determining the amount of compensation and fees referred to in Art. 36 section 3 and 4 of the Act on Spatial Planning and Development. Due to the fact that the Act of 1984 refers to the general spatial development plan of settlement units (called the general plan), prepared and adopted on the basis of the Act of January 31, 1961 with the same name, the article also discusses this type of plan. Moreover, activities related to determining the value of real estate were indicated, including the above-mentioned planning purposes, and the understanding of concepts such as "real estate data" and "intended use in the local plan" were presented. Attention was also focused on the essence of the above-mentioned types of plans, as well as the differences between the general plan of the commune and the local general plan and general spatial development plan of settlement units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The archaeological research carried out in the cucuteni A-B phase settlement of Dâmbul Morii led to the discovery of 17 dwellings. The archaeological campaigns of 1962 and 1963 raised the issue of the existence of a Cucuteni A level in this settlement. The presence of bichrome and trichrome painted ceramic fragments of the Trușești type, considered more recently as belonging to the A3 subphase, as well as others with deep incised or grooved decoration, chronologically and culturally included in the Cucuteni A2 subphase, are clear evidence of the existence of this cultural level. We do not exclude the possibility that the materials decorated with incisions and grooves, present in both pits, to be attributed to the Precucuteni III phase, which is mostly contemporary with the Cucuteni A phase, as suggested by the existing calibrated radiocarbon dates. A similar situation, where Precucuteni III pottery appears in a Cucuteni A3 medium, is also attested at Ruginoasa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban geography suffers a considerable disciplinary deficiency in studying urban intentional communities (ICs). Particularly lacking, also in general social sciences, are studies on ICs' comprehensive impact on cities. The major reason for this might be a failure to realise that there are sub‐city geographical entities which contribute to shaping cityscape, and that an intentional community is not only a social entity but also a geographical entity. Viewing them from this perspective provides a vehicle for understanding the impact of ICs, thereby enriching the field of urban geography. Following an explanation of the concept of geographical entities and ICs as geographical entities, we present a case study from Israel with a comprehensive analysis of the impact of an IC on a city from various demographic, social, spatial, economic, political, and cultural perspectives as viewed by the residents. By studying the geographies of ICs in this approach and raising questions for further geographical research, we highlight the important role geography can play in this emerging field of urban studies. Viewing an intentional community as a geographical entity, a case study from Israel demonstrates the demographic, social, economic, spatial, political and identity impacts upon the city. Filling the gap of assessing comprehensively the impact of intentional communities (ICs), and suggesting questions for further research, the great potential contribution of urban geography to this field is highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Spiteful behaviors are those aimed at inflicting harm on another person while also incurring a cost to the self. Although spite sometimes reflects destructive and socially undesirable behaviors including aggression, the current work sought to examine a potentially socially beneficial aspect of spite: engagement in costly punishment for selfish behavior. Method: Four studies used a costly third‐party punishment task and measured individual differences in spite, narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and motivations for engaging in punishment. Results: Trait spite was positively associated with costly punishment of selfish behavior. That association was independent of other dark personality traits (narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy) and was statistically mediated by a desire for retribution. One of the studies also provided evidence that trait spite was associated with costly punishment of even generous behavior; however, rather than a desire for retribution, that association was mediated by a desire to threaten the person being punished. Conclusion: Punishing selfishness and other forms of wrongdoing plays an essential role in cooperative group living. The current work provides new insight into the role spiteful motivations might play in this crucial social behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

African communities have experienced disharmony, which makes communal living difficult. This paper reinforces the importance of local philosophies, which can improve communal living. This paper proposes introducing the philosophy of Botho in schools to promote citizenship education. A contextually relevant model has the potential to instill community harmony by giving students the knowledge and skills to engage as responsible citizens. African systems can produce a socially inclusive and active citizenship by shifting from an abstract theory in the school context to a system and process that are contextually relevant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Anatolian Journal of Social Sciences / Uluslararasi Anadolu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Uluslararasi Anadolu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents a comparative analysis between senior cohousing models and neighborhood cooperatives for older adults in the Spanish context, evaluating their viability from economic, architectural, and social perspectives, with the goal of preventing unwanted loneliness among this population. The cohousing model, which brings older adults together in intentional communities with shared spaces, has gained popularity in recent years. However, peripheral locations, high investment costs, and lengthy development periods pose significant challenges. As an alternative, this study proposes a theoretical model of neighborhood cooperatives that allows older adults experiencing loneliness to group together in homes within their neighborhoods while making their other properties available for rent. The analysis results show that neighborhood cooperatives are more economically viable, flexible in implementation, and promote a more inclusive urban environment. However, the development requires greater institutional support. The research concludes that this model is a promising strategy to address aging in place, improve the housing stock, and foster intergenerational integration in Spanish cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strain IBc-114 was isolated from a gray mold lesion and was identified as the fungus Schizophyllum commune. In this strain, two mycoviruses, Schizophyllum commune RNA virus 1 (ScRV1, C_AA053475.1) and Botrytis cinerea mitovirus 9 strain IBc-114 (BcMV9/IBc-114, C_AA053476.1), were isolated and characterized. ScRV1 has flexuous filamentous particles about 20 ± 2.1 nm in diameter and 1000 ± 94.2 nm in length. The genome of ScRV1 is 7370 nt in length and contains two open reading frames (ORFs) which encode a polyprotein and a coat protein, respectively. The polyprotein has 1967 aa, including a helicase domain and an RdRp domain which has the highest identity of 28.21% with that of Entomophthora benyvirus E (EbVE). The coat protein has 241 aa which is mostly phylogenetically close to the coat proteins of Alphatetraviridae. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of ScRV1 and viruses selected, ScRV1 might represent a new family (temporarily named Mycobenyviridae) of the order Hepelivirales. The genome of BcMV9/IBc-114 that infects S. commune is 2729 nt in length and has only one ORF encoding an RdRp protein with 719 aa. BcMV9/IBc-114 has the highest identity of 98.61% with Botrytis cinerea mitovirus 9 (BcMV9) (MT089704). ScRV1, but not BcMV9/IBc-114, has certain effects on the host growth of S. commune. Furthermore, BcMV9/IBc-114 has been demonstrated to replicate in the ascomycetous fungi Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and it negatively affects the growth and pathogenicity of B. cinerea, but it does not affect S. sclerotiorum. This is the first report of mycoviruses in S. commune and cross-phyla transmission of mitovirus in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This short story utilises the tropes of the cybergothic to explore contemporary and historical crises of embodiment, particularly those that take place within the context of ecological disaster. The narrative takes place in the virtual equivalent of an intentional community, where the disembodied consciousnesses of humans seek refuge from an ecologically devastated Australia. The Clearing is an attempt confront the vestiges of colonial identities in settler Australians, and to interrogate the material realities and anxieties that are often elided in techno-utopian responses to the climate crisis. This work was written and conceived on the stolen land of the Wadjuk Noongar people. I pay my respect to their Elders, and extend that respect to all Indigenous Australians. Sovereignty was never ceded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue Française de Gestion is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Kibbutz Harduf community in Israel is exceptional even among traditional collectives. The community's ideology is a combination of collective, collaborative values and anthroposophical beliefs. Its mission is to provide healing and inclusion within the kibbutz through social enterprises. This study, employing the mixed methods research approach, is the first conducted of the Kibbutz Harduf community. The goal of the study was to examine the impact of inclusion initiatives on the community. The study findings indicate that the combination of the community's guiding principles and their practical and daily application contributed to the creation of a new image and branding of Harduf as a community with a unique destiny. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individual animals differ in their traits and preferences, which shape their social interactions, survival, and susceptibility to disease, including addiction. Nicotine use is highly heterogenous and has been linked to the expression of personality traits. Although these relationships are well documented, we have limited understanding of the neurophysiological mechanisms that give rise to distinct behavioral profiles and their connection to nicotine susceptibility. To address this question, we conducted a study using a semi-natural and social environment called "Souris-City" to observe the long-term behavior of individual male mice. Souris-City provided both a communal living area and a separate test area where mice engaged in a reward-seeking task isolated from their peers. Mice developed individualistic reward-seeking strategies when choosing between water and sucrose in the test compartment, which, in turn, predicted how they adapted to the introduction of nicotine as a reinforcer. Moreover, the profiles mice developed while isolated in the test area correlated with their behavior within the social environment, linking decision-making strategies to the expression of behavioral traits. Neurophysiological markers of adaptability within the dopamine system were apparent upon nicotine challenge and were associated with specific profiles. Our findings suggest that environmental adaptations influence behavioral traits and sensitivity to nicotine by acting on dopaminergic reactivity in the face of nicotine exposure, potentially contributing to addiction susceptibility. These results further emphasize the importance of understanding interindividual variability in behavior to gain insight into the mechanisms of decision-making and addiction. What are the neurophysiological mechanisms of the relationship between individual traits and nicotine use? This study uses a semi-natural and social environment for mice and revealed neurophysiological markers within the dopamine system that were apparent upon nicotine challenge and were associated with specific behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of the assessment presented below is to determine the level of functioning of communes in the opinion of village heads on the basis of selected aspects such as commune management, the creation of a vision and strategy for the commune, and the introduction of modern management concepts. This assessment will be used at a later stage to formulate directions for further action for the selected communes and the possibility of making changes in specific areas of their functioning. Design/methodology/approach: The research results presented herein are based on surveys conducted in 2021 and 2022 in two rural communes: Janów Podlaski and Przywidz. In addition to the key questions, the survey questionnaire included a summary that included questions related to the length of time a village head has served in this position and the length of time that person has lived in the commune. At present, the results of the surveys are no longer valid in the two communes, but some of the data are included in the parer to show the differences. Conclusions: The results from the surveys provide important information for the local government, which should be used with the aim of improving the functioning of the commune and creating a concept of development in the future of the commune. Research limitations/implications: In the following assessment, the opinions of village heads from two different communes located in different provinces of Poland are contrasted. It is advisable to carry out similar surveys in villages located in one district or province to assess the functioning of the commune from a similar social area. Social implications: The results show a different perspective on the assessment of the functioning of communes from the point of view of village heads, who head villages which constitute communes’ auxiliary units. An analysis of their point of view on commune management indicates the need for real change and taking into account the grassroots initiatives of commune residents, rather than top-down local government policies. Originality/value: conducting surveys among village heads to obtain information about the functioning of communes is way to determine an indirect response that comes from the local community. The results of the study should be addressed to the executive and resolution-passing bodies of the commune-level government, which are responsible for the management and functioning of the lowest-level unit of local government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study I examine the ritualistic behavior of participants in the intentional community where I live, the Los Angeles Ecovillage, and how that relates to well-being in a collective sense. Studying the ritualistic behavior within the Los Angeles Ecovillage can offer insight into areas that have been perhaps less explored, as in ritual's relationship to well-being in intentional communities, particularly in the urban context of this community. Furthermore, although it is a factor, psychological well-being in this context is not limited to an individual's self-reported quality of mental and physical health—it arguably extends to a collective expression of well-being. In describing social alternative approaches to health and well-being related problems posed by societal barriers to human connection, a paradigm may be formed for how intentional community can support psychological needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Käthe Kruse, perhaps one of the world's most famous dollmakers and the visionary behind reform dolls, spent a brief period of her life in a commune at Monte Verità. The beginnings of her artistic development are also tied to this place. Although she was particularly repelled by the ideologies present there, she was deeply influenced by the residents' connection to nature. Her autobiographical book, Das grosse Puppenspiel, not only provides insight into the major milestones of her life and her creative work as a dollmaker but also offers further information about the Life Reform movements, particularly the commune at Monte Verità founded by Henry Ödönkoven. This is significant because, although Käthe Kruse could not fully align herself with the spirit of the commune's residents at Monte Verità and was unable to fully immerse herself in the reform movement, this place and this phase of her life can still be regarded as the cradle of her artistic maturation. For this study, we primarily used German-language literature as sources, in addition to the autobiographical book, which provided important information not only about the famous doll maker's work but also about the commune at Monte Verità. In addition, we mainly relied on the publications of András Németh, who is one of the most significant researchers of the life reform movements in Hungary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of KUL Journal of Legal Studies / Studia Prawnicze KUL is the property of John Paul II Catholic University of Lubin / Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawla II and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rabels Zeitschrift für Ausländisches und Internationales Privatrecht is the property of Mohr Siebeck GmbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists is the property of Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists is the property of Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

AbstractIn 1974, women inspired by the back-to-the-land commune movement and women’s liberation politics began forming lesbian intentional communities in rural Oregon. Living outside the mainstream allowed them to relinquish gender norms and experience their bodies differently in nature—their lesbian identity was not just a sexual orientation, it was gender non-conforming engaged ecofeminist praxis. The different lands they purchased fifty years ago are situated in the middle of logging country—huge swaths of land around them have been clear-cut over the years, while the lands they continue to care for today serve as conservation sites for old growth forests and all of their more-than-human inhabitants. This essay merges research gathered ten years ago for my master’s thesis about the southern Oregon lesbian land community with ongoing written and photographic reflections of my time in the community over many years. This essay is a collection of vignettes and excerpts from interviews that speak to the interspecies and intergenerational intimacies of life on lesbian land and the possible implications for queer and feminist ecological futures more broadly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies that concurrently investigate the functional benefits of group living in multiple populations of the same species are rare. Over a 3‐year period (2014–2016), we examined two ecologically contrasting populations to test multiple hypotheses for the adaptive significance of group living in the communally breeding rodent Octodon degus. We quantified the size of social units (number of adults, number of adult females), edible vegetation at burrow systems, and per capita offspring weaned (PCOW) in each population. Contrary to expectations, we did not observe population‐specific associations between group size and edible vegetation or PCOW nor universal benefits of group living. In one population, PCOW increased in mid‐sized groups with more edible vegetation. However, this trend was not consistent across years. Notably, we observed a complete reproductive failure in one population during the first year of study, one that was characterized by low rainfall and no detectable edible vegetation. This result is important because reproductive failure occurred regardless of group size, suggesting that communal living may not buffer degus against the harshest of environmental conditions. Examining how social organization shapes individual reproductive success under extreme variation in food availability is an important step towards understanding how populations will respond to a changing climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The seventeen UN SDGs address critical global challenges. Among them, Goal 10—reducing inequality—and Goal 16—promoting peace, justice, and strong institutions—serve as foundational pillars in democracies, enabling the achievement of all other goals. Children, youth, and persons with disabilities are among those who stand to benefit most from these goals. Insights from the naturalistic decision-making practices of intentional communities, often framed as Contenders or Deviants in social construction theory, could be instrumental in advancing these objectives. This study examines the decision-making practices of three intentional communities representing youth, disabled persons, and children, each fostering a different version of equitable, peaceful, and justice-oriented governance to build strong institutions. The communities studied include a self-producing Korean popular music (K-pop) group representing youth Contenders, a mental health-supporting annual English conference for individuals on the autistic spectrum, and a Canadian alternative education, self-directed public senior elementary and secondary school—both considered Deviant societies in social construction theory, one focusing on disabled persons and the other on children. The historical method assesses the effectiveness of these communities' preferred practices in achieving Goals 10 and 16. The results offer actionable insights for enhancing equality, peace, and justice while strengthening institutions to realize the full range of UN SDGs in democratic societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an introduction to this special issue of Intellectual History of the Islamicate World. We suggest that this collection of papers broadens the scope of Islamic philosophy by bringing new insights into diverse forms and affective experiences of philosophy. Together, these papers suggest a way of doing Islamic philosophy that is both living and communal. This issue emerges from the community formed within the Islamic Philosophy in Conversation Working Group. As such, the introduction to the collection also serves as a reminder of the necessity of support specifically for women and nonbinary academics, scholars of color, and other minoritized scholars in our field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper unravels the intimate and irritant more-than-human encounters in hostel accommodation used by migrant farm workers in regional Australia. These are communal places of inhabitancy that draw attention to the intersecting concerns of highly mobile populations, seasonal labour, migration politics, and the socio-material relationships that flourish within such spaces. I examine the presence of bed bugs and other nonhumans through interviews with farm workers, hostel operators and managers, and ethnographic observations, to highlight broader implications of such 'communal' forms of living. The communal nature of living alongside others is challenging, especially when the arrangement is for work and migration, rather than leisure, and due to a lack of affordable housing options. The paper uses a more-than-human lens to bring into dialogue the mobilities of these workers with notions of communal living, which are intrinsically tied to visa conditions and labour migration. In doing so, the paper contributes to broadening the understandings of how and where mobilities take shape, and the impacts that more-than-human agencies have on day-to-day life in communal living situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "The St. Louis Commune Of 1877: Communism in the Heartland" explores the revolutionary St. Louis Commune, a result of the Great Railroad Strike in 1877. Directed by a socialist party, the Commune was the first general strike in the US where workers took control of a major city. The book delves into the complex transatlantic developments that led to the strike, highlighting the internationalist dimension of St. Louis's socialist figures. The author argues that the strike was a culmination of decades of worker discontent and proletarianization, ultimately suppressed by organized capital and elite forces. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Journal of Public Health Nursing / Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi is the property of Journal of Public Health Nursing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We explore the long‐run determinants of current differences in the degree of co‐operative labour relations at the local level. We do this by estimating the effect of the medieval communes –that were established in certain cities in Centre‐Northern Italy towards the end of the 11th century – and that contributed to the emergence of a co‐operative attitude in the population on various proxies for current co‐operative labour relations. Conditional on a large set of firm and municipality level controls, as well as a full set of province fixed effects, we find that firms located in municipalities that had been a free medieval commune in the past have higher current probabilities to adopt two‐tier bargaining structures and to be unionized. We also report instrumental variables (IV) and propensity score estimates that confirm our main results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different risk management activities, such as land-use planning, preparedness, and emergency response, utilize scenarios of earthquake events. A systematic selection of such scenarios should aim at finding those that are representative of a certain severity, which can be measured by consequences to the exposed assets. For this reason, defining a representative scenario as the most likely one leading to a loss with a specific return period, e.g., the 100-year loss, has been proposed. We adopt this definition and develop enhanced algorithms for determining such scenarios for multiple return periods. With this approach, we identify representative earthquake scenarios for the return periods of 50, 100, 500, and 1000 years in the Chilean communes of Valparaíso and Viña del Mar, based on a synthetic earthquake catalog of 20 000 scenarios on the subduction zone with a magnitude of Mw≥5.0. We separately consider the residential-building stock and the electrical-power network and identify and compare earthquake scenarios that are representative of these systems. Because the representative earthquake scenarios are defined in terms of the annual loss exceedance rates, they vary in function of the exposed system. The identified representative scenarios for the building stock have epicenters located not further than 30 km from the two communes, with magnitudes ranging between 6.0 and 7.0. The epicenter locations of the earthquake scenarios representative of the electrical-power network are more spread out but not further than 100 km away from the two communes, with magnitudes ranging between 7.0 and 9.0. For risk management activities, we recommend considering the identified scenarios together with historical events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores contemporary practices of communalism and council democracy in Latin America. Topics discussed include self-determination as a characteristic of council democracy, local self-government influenced by Marxism, socialism and anarchism that regard collective and comunitarian modes of production and organizing of indigenous communities, autonomous self-administration and communities in Mexico, and communal councils, communes and communal cities in Venezuela.

Communal property associations (CPAs) were introduced in South Africa to provide a governance system that affords communal settlements functional and sustainable land governance. However, CPAs are characterised by numerous land governance challenges. For instance, the lack of institutional capacity within communities results in political decay, consequently jeopardising the sustainability of governance structures. Through the study area of Elandskloof in the Western Cape province, the article analyses the resilience of a communal settlement during its transition to a CPA. The aim is to identify measures to address the problems encountered during the transition process. The study is based on a qualitative design to gather the community members' experiences, perceptions, and behaviours relating to the transition to a CPA. The data-collection approach includes in-depth interviews, observations at a community meeting, and intercept interviews of residents. The data are thematically analysed based on three main themes (psychological, sociological, and philosophical) to show how each aspect influenced the transition to a CPA. The findings indicate that adopting an adaptive or transitional governance approach combined with fit-for-purpose land administration would offer a structured way of managing the social and organisational changes needed to implement effective and sustainable land administration reforms [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stiegler understands the Anthropocene as the age in which planetary enframing engenders an avalanche of entropization, putting humanity's survival at risk. To avoid catastrophe, the so-called technosphere should be transformed from an entropic-destructive into a negentropic-constructive assemblage, ushering in the Neganthropocene. Stiegler's focus is on the noetic dimension, in particular as constituted and conditioned overwhelmingly today by the digital pharmakon. In this article I want to make a case for the importance of an entirely other noetic pharmakon not addressed by Stiegler: the nontechnical pharmakon of psychedelics, which allows for the expansion of humanity's noetic frontier beyond the digital, providing access to dimensions of experience—and possibly also of reality—that may support the emerging neganthropos to awaken on a postanthropocentric planet in which it is enabled to commune in a noosphere made up by many other, nonhuman intelligences, which may prove essential for the neganthropic transformation to succeed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The COVID‐19 pandemic disproportionately affected congregate care (CC) facilities due to communal living, presence of vulnerable populations, inadequate preventive resources, and limited ability to respond to the pandemic's rapidly evolving phases. Most facilities function independently and are not organized for collaborative learning and operations. Methods: We formed a learning health system of CC facilities in our 14‐county metropolitan region, coordinated with public health and health care sectors, to address challenges driven by COVID‐19. A CC steering committee (SC) was formed that represented diverse institutions and viewpoints, including skilled nursing facilities, transitional care facilities, residential facilities, prisons, and shelters. The SC met regularly and was guided by situational awareness and systems thinking. A regional CC COVID‐19 dashboard was developed based on publicly available data and weekly data submitted by participating facilities. Those experiencing outbreaks or supply shortages were quickly identified. As the pandemic progressed, the role of the SC shifted to address new and forecasted needs. Results: Over 60 facilities participated in data sharing. The SC shared new guidelines, regulations, educational material, and best practices with the participating facilities. Information about testing sites, supplies, vaccination rollout, and facilities that had the capacity to accept COVID‐19 patients was regularly disseminated. The SC was able to direct resources to those facilities experiencing outbreaks or supply shortages. Conclusions: A novel learning health system of regional CC facilities enabled preparedness, situational awareness, collaboration, and rapid dissemination of best practices across pandemic phases. Such collaborative efforts can play an important role in addressing other public and preventive health challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Schizophyllum commune is the third most common causative fungus of allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis(ABPM). Two‐thirds of ABPM caused by S. commune can be positive for Aspergillus fumigatus‐specific IgE, which can be difficult to diagnose. Our patient presented to our hospital with wet cough for 3 months and chest pain for 3 days. Blood tests showed IgE 1522 IU/mL, eosinophils 688/mm3, A. fumigatus ‐specific IgE 2.24 UA/mL, and chest computed tomography showed high‐attenuation mucus. Bronchoscopy showed mucus plugs and speculum examination showed filamentous fungi, but various culture tests did not detect A. fumigatus, Asp f 1‐specific IgE was negative, and S. commune was detected in the culture of bronchial washing. Since he was positive for S. commune‐specific IgE and IgG, he diagnosed ABPM caused by S. commune. These findings demonstrate the importance of identifying the causative fungus in ABPM by detailed examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cooperative breeding occurs when individuals contribute parental care to offspring that are not their own. Numerous intra- and interspecific studies have aimed to explain the evolution of this behavior. Recent comparative work suggests that family living (i.e. when offspring remain with their parents beyond independence) is a critical stepping stone in the evolution of cooperative breeding. Thus, it is key to understand the factors that facilitate the evolution of family living. Within-species studies suggest that protection from predators is a critical function of group living, through both passive benefits such as dilution effects and active benefits such as prosocial antipredator behaviors in family groups. However, the association between predation risk and the formation and prevalence of family groups and cooperative breeding remains untested globally. Here, we use phylogenetic comparative analyses including 2,984 bird species to show that family living and cooperative breeding are associated with increased occurrence of avian predators. These cross-species findings lend support to previous suggestions based on intraspecific studies that social benefits of family living, such as protection against predation, could favor the evolution of delayed dispersal and cooperative breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]