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Dementia-friendly communities (DFCs) are a policy-endorsed approach to community engagement in England that promotes social inclusion to enable people affected by dementia to live well. Research suggests that physical activity is beneficial in encouraging social connection and improving health. A mixed method sequential study design in England involving a national survey (n = 31) and semistructured interviews (n = 65) in three DFCs was carried out. The aim was to understand how DFCs enable people affected by dementia to participate in physical activities. An evaluation framework for DFCs was used to organize and interpret the data, and analysis was informed by the inclusive (social) citizen lens. Findings showed that DFCs offered a range of adapted dementia-inclusive and dementia-specific activities; however, people were not routinely offered information at time of diagnosis. Local authorities (councils) were key to enable access to information and infrastructure change to support sustainable inclusion within their local community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our democracy is in trouble today, and libraries must once again step into the breach and reimagine their civic role in these changing times. But exactly how can each library figure out what role it should play in its community? How can libraries ward off growing demands to be all things to all people? This article lays out a path forward for libraries—not to turn more inward and merely seek survival but to be bolder and braver in embracing their communities by turning outward and playing a vital role in community life. Libraries in all 50 US states are taking this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on brand communities has burgeoned over the past 2 decades. Today many, if not most, sport organizations are entertaining dedicated brand communities. This article traces the development of community thinking in the field of sport management and marketing. Key articles on brand communities in leading journals in the field are identified, reviewed, and their core contributions distilled. By drawing on literature from adjacent fields, seven areas of future research are proposed: make or buy community, getting value from community, building a community capability, solving the community engagement puzzle, focusing on effective community engagement practices, analyzing the full community life cycle, and community for Web 3.0. The article provides a number of recommendations for future research on brand communities in sport management and marketing, enabling scholars to advance knowledge for both research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The city of Mumbai is engaged in large‐scale urban restructuring efforts. Foundational to these is the demolition of many of the city's informal settlements and the relocation of residents to newly built housing complexes. Often discussed in terms of dispossession, this process is also one of formalization, with spatial, economic, cultural and sociopolitical implications. This article focuses on formalization's sociopolitical dimension, entailing the registration of residents and the establishment of formal governance provisions and new citizenship expectations. The provision of formal housing and recognized housing tenure has, designedly, been coupled with the establishment of official self‐governance mechanisms leading to new civic responsibilities and reshaping the experience of citizenship among former slum dwellers. We explore these governance arrangements, the interaction between formality and informal governance processes and how these arrangements impact residents’ perspectives on citizenship. We also identify several challenges to effective self‐governance and the ways in which formal and informal processes shape residents’ experiences of community life, citizenship and urban integration. While residents have benefited from some aspects of formalization (e.g. indoor plumbing and codified tenure rights), it has brought additional burdens, and the challenges of self‐governance have, for many relocatees, reproduced a kind of marginalized citizenship within formal structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aye-aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis) is the only extant member of the Daubentoniidae primate family. Although several reference genomes exist for this endangered strepsirrhine primate, the predominant usage of short-read sequencing has resulted in limited assembly contiguity and completeness, and no protein-coding gene annotations have yet been released. Here, we present a novel, fully annotated, chromosome-level hybrid de novo assembly for the species based on a combination of Oxford Nanopore Technologies long reads and Illumina short reads and scaffolded using genome-wide chromatin interaction data—a community resource that will improve future conservation efforts as well as primate comparative analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: People experiencing socio‐economic disadvantage face significantly higher rates of diet‐related health inequities. This study aimed to explore barriers, opportunities and potential solutions in providing food and nutrition services to people experiencing socio‐economic disadvantage from the perspective of services providers. The present study is part of a broad co‐design model to improve service provision for people experiencing socio‐economic disadvantage. Methods: A cross‐sectional online survey involving 33 open and closed‐ended questions was distributed to Australian governmental and non‐governmental organisations providing nutrition‐related support to people experiencing socio‐economic disadvantage aged 16 years and over. Data were analysed using frequency distributions and conceptual content analyses. Results: Sixty‐eight responses were analysed. Services are predominantly offered by charitable organisations (90%), funded through private donations (66%) and reliant on volunteers (100%). Barriers to supporting clients' nutrition needs include financial constraints, limited community engagement, understaffing, insufficient resources and knowledge gaps. Opportunities and solutions for enhancing support include increasing government funding, advocacy initiatives, stronger community collaboration and more holistic, customised services. Proposed recommendations include establishing purpose‐built facilities or wrap‐around services to expand access to health services, life skills, training and educational programs. Conclusions: Services face challenges including volunteer reliance, limited resources and inadequate government support, hindering food provision. Client barriers include transportation costs and lack of social support. With dedicated financial support, services can offer comprehensive assistance, including community spaces, staffing, health and social services and training. Community partnerships can maximise funding impact. Solutions must address overall well‐being and broader social determinants such as income inequality and housing. Highlights: People experiencing socio‐economic disadvantage face significantly higher rates of diet‐related health inequities, which are a major contributor to the global public health burden, resulting in substantial direct financial costs for societies and governments.Charitable services involved in food and nutrition‐related support have the potential to extend their services beyond food provision by offering comprehensive assistance tailored to the specific needs of their clients.Dedicated financial support from government funding or grants can provide community‐specific spaces, staff, health and social services, resources and training.Collaborations with the community and higher education sector can enhance the effectiveness of this funding and political and policy interventions are essential to support these initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical students can be powerful advocates for and in partnership with the disability community, yet opportunities for targeted advocacy training are sparse. In February 2023, a medical student led workshop on disability advocacy for trainees took place at the Association of Academic Physiatrists’ Annual Conference. The aims of this session were for trainees to (1) identify existing gaps in disability education at their institution and in policy around disability-related issues; (2) improve perceived ability to engage in disability-related education and policy-based advocacy; and (3) apply an intersectional lens to identify opportunities for intersectionality in disability advocacy. Pre session and post session responses were anonymously submitted via Qualtrics. Of 31 presurvey respondents, 18 responded to the post survey, and 12 were identified as having matching unique identifiers. After the workshop, participants overall were more likely to report being very/somewhat confident about their ability to identify gaps in disability education at their institution (75.0% vs. 100.0%, P = 0.011), policy around disability-related issues (41.7% vs. 100.0%, P < 0.006), and opportunities for intersectionality in disability advocacy (33.3% vs. 91.7%, P < 0.015). Participants were more likely to report being very/somewhat confident in engaging in education-based advocacy (58.3% vs. 100.0%, P = 0.006), policy based advocacy (16.7% vs. 91.7%, P < 0.002), and intersectional disability advocacy (41.7% vs. 91.7%, P < 0.006). All attendees strongly/ somewhat agreed with the statements “I hope that this session will continue in future years” and “I think that other trainees would benefit from a similar course.” This session was shown to effectively meet the intended goals of the program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study identified rural community experiences and preferences related to available resources and their effects on stress following tornadoes and floods. Methods: The Rural Natural Disaster Stress and Recovery survey was distributed from December 2021 to February 2022 in rural disaster-affected communities. Within the analysis sample (N = 159) of self-selected participants representing both agricultural and non-agricultural occupations, 125 responded to the Resource Use and Effect survey component that evaluated the effects of 22 resources on post-disaster stress. Additional qualitative questions provided further data. Results: The most frequently used resources post-disaster were found to be talking about the event (98.3%), friends and neighbors (97.6%) and family (97.6%). Using a derived Impact per Use score, groups from the neighboring community and personal faith activities most often reduced stress. Resources that increased stress were identified as FEMA or other government organizations; repairing, replacing, or rebuilding property; and following news or social media. Participants reported help from their community (35.8%) or things they did for themselves (31.2%) most effectively decreased disaster stress. Family, friends, faith, neighbors, and community were top choices to decrease stress in a future disaster. Conclusion: Rural residents identified available resources for reducing disaster stress, but some common post-disaster activities were found to increase stress. Rural emergency management should adapt response and recovery plans and activities to leverage readily accessible people, groups, and activities to mitigate negative mental and emotional health effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Standard models of well-child care may not sufficiently address preventive health needs of immigrant families. To augment standard individual well-child care, we developed a virtual group-based psychoeducational intervention, designed to be delivered in Spanish as a single, stand-alone session to female caregivers of 0–6 month-olds. The intervention included a video testimonial of an individual who experienced perinatal depression followed by a facilitated discussion by the clinic social worker and an orientation to relevant community resources by a community health worker. To assess feasibility and acceptability of the intervention, we conducted an open pilot within an academic pediatric practice serving predominantly Latinx children in immigrant families. Participants included 19 female caregivers of infants attending the practice, of whom 16 completed post-intervention measures and 13 completed post-intervention semi-structured interviews. Quantitative measures of acceptability and satisfaction with the intervention were high. We found preliminary effects of the intervention on postpartum depression knowledge and stigma in the expected direction. In interviews, participants described increases in their familiarity with postpartum depression and about relevant community resources, including primary care for caregivers. Participants reported an appreciation for the opportunity to learn from other caregivers and provided suggestions for additional topics of interest. Trial registration: Registered 6/21/22 as NCT05423093. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Canadian Family-Friendly Community Resources for Better Balance, Health, and Well-Being study (FFCR) is the first study in North America to comprehensively examine the impact of regional community context on work-family conflict, health, and wellbeing. The study was designed to collate data from disparate sources on a variety of community characteristics across Canada over time, including education services, food stores, recreational facilities, religious organizations, police, and fire protection services, for example. These data were then linked to individual-level data from the Canadian Work, Stress and Health study – a longitudinal national sample of Canadians across a myriad of work and family circumstances. These data are more comprehensive than any other dataset attempting to link work, family, and community data. We situate our contribution of the FFCR in literature on 'work-family conflict', which is defined as the incompatibility between role obligations. Context-level data were compiled at years corresponding to the individual-level data (2011–2019). Using multilevel analyses based on both cross-sectional and longitudinal data, we find that that resources, like the prevalence of food stores, education resources, recreation facilities, and public safety outlets are negatively associated with residents' work-family conflict levels. However, these findings are more pronounced across a combination of FFCR overtime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Founder of the collectives Casa Drag Latina and House of Gad, Gad Yola is an Afro-Peruvian multidisciplinary artivist based in the city of Madrid. As part of a trans-Atlantic Latinx queer media history, Gad Yola's career allows us to inquire about what can be described as transvestite, antiracist, and transfeminist drag "positioning" against injustices happening on both sides of the Atlantic. Be this their rejection of state violence in Peru, their support for the massive regularization of migrants in Spain, their critique of the racist gaze, or their celebration of brown bodies, Gad Yola's interventions significantly contribute to the cultural articulation of antiracism in Spain. The following interview will consider the digital and feminist interrelation by focusing on Gad Yola's identification with antiracism, transfeminism, and their references, as well as on the use of social networks as identity and community resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coastal Louisiana is experiencing climate-related impacts at rates substantially higher than other areas worldwide. Unique coastal communities face imminent impacts requiring adaptation and possible relocation. As such, Louisiana's strategies for ecosystem-scale flood management and ecological restoration are relevant globally. In this paper, we trace the idea of managed retreat as a nonstructural adaptation mechanism through the analysis of Louisiana's Coastal Master Plan and LA SAFE documents, and interviews with residents and planning professionals. Although Louisiana's plans and policies increasingly recognise increasing risk, and relocation as a necessary adaptation strategy, planning goals for relocation have weakened over time. Our analysis found two reasons for this. First, professionals and residents view risk and relocation differently. Low- and moderate-income residents had varied claims and constraints that influenced the adoption of relocation programmes and highlighted the need for community-driven initiatives. Second, no social infrastructure was implemented with the technical capacity or financial resources to work with communities to develop and implement relocation initiatives. As climate impacts increase, policies facilitating managed retreat will also need to expand. This work provides insights into the evolution of large-scale relocation planning, and a better understanding of the challenges facing states and communities as these efforts are expanded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The transition of family caregivers of patients with end-of-Life cancer receiving palliative care from hospital to home is a complex and challenging process. This phase of care involves not only the physical and psychological health of the patient but also the role adaptation and emotional support of the family caregivers. To gain a deeper understanding of the various experiences and feelings during this process, we conducted a qualitative study. Methods: This study employed a descriptive phenomenological research method. The interviews focused on the specific experiences, challenges faced, support received, and coping strategies of family caregivers of patients with end-of-life cancer during the transition from hospital to home palliative care. All data were treated with strict confidentiality, and recordings and transcriptions were made with the participants' consent. Results: A total of 15 family caregivers participated. Four main themes and nine sub-themes were identified: complex transition process (anxiety about uncertainty, resistance to transition), discontinuity in care (insufficient discharge guidance, lack of continuous communication mechanisms), post-discharge continuous care needs (need for home care knowledge and skills, social and emotional support, grief counselling and death education), and personal growth and gains (enhanced coping ability, increased psychological resilience). Conclusion: Family caregivers face numerous emotional, cognitive, practical, and social support challenges during the transition from hospital to home care. To improve the caregiving experience and quality of life, appropriate training and support should be provided to better meet the caregivers' needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bougaard, an emerging South African creative practitioner, examines games from her “Coloured” childhood community in Eden Park, Johannesburg, and how these games may offer a window into a reframed Kullid identity. She considers the rhymes used in these games and the role of language—specifically Afrikaaps—in identity formation, and explores through papermaking and art installations the social contexts and meanings embedded in these games. In this article, the authors analyse Bougaard’s use of sculpture, papermaking and printmaking techniques both to mediate and to subvert conventionalised tropes and stereotypes of “Coloured” communities as well as to empower a sense of her familial and community-based identity through an emergent Kullidness. The authors focus on selected paper works and on three mixed media installations (2021–2022). The authors complicate any reading of these works as uncritically affirmative of a declamatory and essentialist identity position by proposing Bougaard’s visual strategies as premised upon mediation, ambivalence, indexicality, and refuting iconicity. The authors identify Bougaard as deploying elements of strategic essentialism in her desire for community visibility and visual sovereignty, and the authors therefore critique the benefits and the limitations of this approach, concluding that Bougaard’s choice of mediating strategies avoids a simplistic narrative of community life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autism and sensory-friendly events are an increasingly common feature of community life. One predictable aspect of these events is the presence of sensory havens, which serve as a respite or self-regulation zone for neurodiverse children, family, friends, and, occasionally, their service animals. When research evidence contributes to the design of these spaces, they can positively impact the length of time people attend events and the quality of their experiences. The authors detail autism architecture guidelines and sensory regulation research, and provide practical strategies for designing and operating havens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As Chinese cities undergo a transition from incremental development to retrofit development and urban governance tends to be more refined, the renovation mode of old residential communities is also under the transformation from large-scale bulldozer demolition and reconstruction to small-scale refined renovation and regeneration. However, the practice of micro community renovation has encountered a number of challenges throughout the implementation process, including conflicts between multiple stakeholders in the initial stage of planning, unconcordance between different implementation bodies in the intermediate stage of construction, and the lack of guarantee mechanisms in the later stage of maintenance. Based on the concept of life cycle, this paper divides the practical process of micro community renovation into seven steps, i.e., establishing communal platforms, identifying community features, cultivating communal organizations, designing community activities, formulating planning schemes, conducting participatory constructions, and establishing long-lasting mechanisms. It takes the Gejiaying Community in Wuhan as a case to verify the above analysis, in the hope of providing a reference for the current practice of urban regeneration and community renovation in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration funding, Michigan State University (MSU) Extension partnered with MSU's Family Medicine and Health Department of Northwest Michigan to implement trainings for community members and health care providers to increase awareness and improve prevention efforts addressing opioid use disorder (OUD) in rural areas. We formed the Michigan Substance Use Prevention, Education and Recovery (MiSUPER) project to design and evaluate opioid misuse prevention trainings. A socio-ecological prevention model was an underlying conceptual framework for this project and drove strategies used in trainings, products created, and measurement. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of one-time online educational training events for rural community members and health care providers on community OUD issues, treatment options, and supports for those in recovery. Between 2020 and 2022, rural participants completed pre- and posttraining, and 30-day follow-up evaluation surveys. We report the demographic characteristics of community (n = 451) and provider (n = 59) participants, self-reported knowledge gained, and overall perceptions of the trainings. Findings show community members' knowledge increased from pre- to posttraining (p <.001) and was maintained at 3 months, while providers' knowledge was unchanged over time. Posttraining, community participants felt more comfortable speaking about addiction with family and friends (p <.001), and providers had better knowledge of local resources for patients who could not afford opioid misuse treatments (p <.05). All participants reported gaining knowledge of community resources for opioid misuse prevention, treatment, and recovery (p <.01). Opioid misuse prevention trainings may be most effective when adapted to leverage local resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Men are predisposed to suffer from unaddressed depression and anxiety. The purpose of this study was to capture the perceptions of men in three urban, racially/ethnically diverse, under‐resourced, and impoverished neighborhoods around this health issue. The results were used to design a resident‐driven solution to this health disparity. Design: Design This study utilized a focus group method within the ideological perspective of community‐based participatory research (CBPR). Sample: Sample The researchers recruited 50 Black, Hispanic, and White men aged 23–83 years to participate in this study during the summer of 2021. Measurements: Measurements Data were collected via six homogeneous, Zoom‐based focus groups. Five of the focus groups were offered in English and the sixth in Spanish. Results: The men identified themes and subthemes pertaining to the perception of widespread depression and anxiety in their neighborhoods, existing typical and atypical community resources, and suggested solutions to this health disparity. These results were translated into a solution involving the training of five male, lay mental health ambassadors. Conclusions: Policies and solutions to issues of mental health disparity must be informed by the communities that they intend to serve. CBPR is a robust vehicle for empowering communities to address the healthcare issues facing them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Test an obesity intervention for families with low incomes. A total of 208 families were included (a parent with a body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 and a child aged 6–12 years). A 12-month randomized controlled trial combining family health coaching (motivational interviewing) and connection to community resources. Comparison group: referrals for basic needs, written educational materials. Questionnaires, accelerometry, and anthropometrics. Intention-to-treat analysis of change in outcomes. Two-sided t test with multiple imputation. Parents were 95% female, 31% Black, and 27% Hispanic. Children had a mean BMI-Z score of 1.15. Primary outcomes did not differ between groups at 12 months. Both groups significantly (P < 0.05) improved on the Family Nutrition and Physical Activity Scale for behaviors related to childhood obesity (mean ± SE: comparison, 2.8 ± 1.0; intervention, 2.2 ± 0.9), increased child sedentary activity (comparison, 32.5 ± 12.1; intervention, 39.9 ± 12.4 min/d), and decreased child moderate-vigorous physical activity (comparison, −9.6 ± 3.3; intervention −7.0 ± 3.0 min/d). Parents had no change in BMI. We successfully embedded screening and referral to address social needs within an obesity intervention. The coaching intervention did not provide additional benefits. Future research could explore ways to make these interventions more accessible, valuable, and effective for families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article contributes to the emerging history of 'community' in post-war Britain by considering what was known as 'social development' in Britain's new towns, with particular reference to Milton Keynes between the late 1960s and the early 1980s. This article traces the roots of social development in the activities and ideas of the voluntary sector during the 1920s and 1930s and notes how they were co-opted by the state during the 1940s and 1950s. The 'mark 1' new towns of that period in some cases took steps to promote social development, understood in terms of an active community life and civic engagement, but the practice was particularly promoted in 1967 by a government committee, which called for new towns to be based on clear social plans as well as physical land-use proposals. In making this argument, the committee reflected a wider train of thought, which had already informed the likes of the Parker Morris report on housing; in essence, they scaled up Parker Morris' approach from the home to the urban level. These ideas were especially influential in Milton Keynes, whose planners and administrators took a broad, even philosophical view of their role. This article considers the extent to which social development was as much about individual aspiration and opportunity as communal activity and also explores the role of the voluntary sector. In so doing, it makes observations about the nature of the post-war state as an enabler, rather than a universal provider. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intergenerational communities can be understood as communities where multiple age groups interact, feel valued, and contribute to community life in an inclusive way. However, older adults in many communities in the UK can be excluded from intergenerational mixing. The PlaceAge project undertook interviews, photo-diaries, community mapping workshops, and knowledge cafés to explore older adult experiences of and participation in their cities and communities. Three key themes were generated, showcasing intergenerationality: (1) Connectedness in place and space; (2) Feeling old in siloed communities; and (3) Play in everyday life. This research emphasizes the importance of inclusive and accessible intergenerational places and activities that foster sustainable social connections and combat ageism. It highlights the value of playfulness, skill-sharing and co-mentoring, and advocates for the importance of incorporating intergenerational opportunities into the planning and development of age-friendly cities and communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is increased recognition for solutions that address the social determinants of health (SDOHs)—the context in which families are raising children. Unfortunately, implementing solutions that address inequities in the SDOHs has proven to be difficult. Many child and family serving systems and communities do not know where to start or do not have the capacity to identify and implement upstream SDOH strategies. As such, we conducted a scoping review to assess the status of evidence connecting strategies that address the SDOHs and child well-being. A total of 29,079 records were identified using natural language processing with 341 records meeting inclusion criteria (e.g., outcomes focused on child well-being, interventions happening at a population level, and evaluations of prevention strategies in the United States). Records were coded, and the findings are presented by the SDOH domain, such as strategies that addressed economic stability (n = 94), education access and quality (n = 17), food security (n = 106), healthcare access and quality (n = 96), neighborhood and built environment (n = 7), and social and community context (n = 12). This review provides an overview of the associations between population-level SDOH strategies and the impact—good and bad—on child well-being and may be a useful resource for communities and practitioners when considering equitable solutions that promote thriving childhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Older adults with higher needs are ideal candidates for social prescribing interventions, given the complex and intersectoral nature of their needs. This article describes findings from a developmental evaluation of 19 social prescribing programs for older adults at risk of frailty. Methods: An evaluation of the programs was conducted from 2020 to 2023. We used data from three components of the evaluation: (1) initial evaluation data collected in 2020 and 2021; (2) program profiles developed in 2022; and (3) co-creation sessions conducted in 2023. Results: From startup until March 2023, the programs served a total of 2544 older adults. The community connectors identified factors at the individual, interpersonal, institutional, community and policy levels that contributed to the successful implementation and delivery of their programs (e.g. physician champions, communities of practice, strong pre-existing relationships with the health care system), as well as challenges (e.g. limited capacity of family physicians, lack of community resources). There was strong agreement among community connectors that successful social prescribing programs should include the following core elements: (1) making connections to needed community resources; (2) co-creation of a wellness plan with long-term clients or clients who require intensive supports; (3) ongoing follow-up and check-ins for clients with wellness plans; and (4) an assessment and triaging process for the prioritization of clients. Conclusion: To leverage the full potential of social prescribing interventions, it is essential that programs engage with a range of health and social care providers, that community connectors are skilled and well supported, and that adequate investments are made in the nonprofit and voluntary sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social prescribing (SP) embodies a comprehensive approach to addressing the social determinants of health. Access to Resources in the Community (ARC) is an innovative SP program offering bilingual services that involves a single point of entry for health and social needs and introduces practice changes to assist primary care providers in engaging patients, along with a nonclinical lay navigator who supports patients in accessing relevant community resources. The ARC team has created a SP toolkit offering practical guidance for setting up, implementing, monitoring the progress of and evaluating SP programs. The four ARC guides can be easily customized for application in diverse practice and research settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses strategies for teachers to find and use local phenomena in designed science units. The Next Generation Science Standards promote grounding learning in observable phenomena that students investigate using science practices. However, phenomena in designed curricula may not necessarily connect to students' lived experiences. The article outlines an approach called phenomena adaptation—adding or swapping in phenomena proximal to students' worlds. First, teachers deeply explore their lens of place to generate related phenomena. Second, a preassessment elicits students' experiences of local, meaningful places, which are refined into observable phenomena. Third, teachers build a library of potential phenomena using a Related Phenomenon Chart to continually gather students' related observations. Equipped with this collection, teachers select phenomena that can be productively explained by the science ideas in the designed curriculum materials. Adaptations involve adding phenomena through discussions or transfer tasks, or swapping designed phenomena to situate learning in place. Phenomena adaptation leverages high-quality designed materials while providing culturally sustaining opportunities for students to engage in meaningful scientific investigations connected to their lives and communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The broader determinants of health including a wide range of community assets are extremely important in relation to public health outcomes. Multiple health conditions, multimorbidity, is a growing problem in many populations worldwide. Methods: This paper quantified the effect of community assets on major health conditions for the population of England over six years, at a fine spatial scale using a data analytic approach. Community assets, which included indices of the health system, green space, pollution, poverty, urban environment, safety, and sport and leisure facilities, were quantified in relation to major health conditions. The health conditions examined included high blood pressure, obesity, dementia, diabetes, mental health, cardiovascular conditions, musculoskeletal conditions, respiratory conditions, kidney and liver disease, and cancer. Cluster analysis and dendrograms were calculated for the community assets and major health conditions. For each health condition, a statistical model with all community assets was fitted, and model selection was performed. The number of significant community assets for each health condition was recorded. The unique variance, explained by each significant community asset per health condition, was quantified using hierarchical variance partitioning within an analysis of variance model. Results: The resulting data indicate major health conditions are often clustered, as are community assets. The results suggest that diversity and richness of community assets are key to major health condition outcomes. Primary care service waiting times and distance to public parks were significant predictors of all health conditions examined. Primary care waiting times explained the vast majority of the variances across health conditions, with the exception of obesity, which was better explained by absolute poverty. Conclusions: The implications of the combined findings of the health condition clusters and explanatory power of community assets are discussed. The vast majority of determinants of health could be accounted for by healthcare system performance and distance to public green space, with important covariate socioeconomic factors. Emphases on community approaches, significant relationships, and asset strengths and deficits are needed alongside targeted interventions. Whilst the performance of the public health system remains of key importance, community assets and local infrastructure remain paramount to the broader determinants of health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Continental shelves experience many human pressures with demersal fisheries central to disturbing the ocean floor. However, ecological processes such as predation rates of benthos and their relationship with bottom fishing are often unknown for large marine ecosystems. We examined the amount of benthos consumed by 14 benthivorous fishes, the overlap between benthos predation and bottom fishing (dredge and trawl gear), and temporal trends in benthivorous fish abundance and the number of fishing trips on the northeast US continental shelf. Mean annual predation (biomass of prey removed) and 95% confidence intervals ranged from .0002 (.0001–.0003) to 3967 (1761–7112) t per 10‐min area squared grid cell and prey taxa for these benthivorous fishes. Predation and bottom fishing had overlapping footprints of activity, which were slightly stronger for dredge gear. Trophic success (ratio of prey biomass eaten to the biomass of the benthivore community per grid cell) revealed more Bivalvia, Gammaridea, and Polychaeta eaten in areas targeted by trawling with more fish biomass. In contrast, dredging did not target fish biomass, but these areas had increased (Echinoidea, Gammaridea, and other benthos) or decreased (Ophiuroidea) trophic success relative to dredging footprint, suggesting habitat preferences for benthic prey and demersal fisheries have converged rather than diverged. Despite declines in bottom fishing, recent increases in benthivorous fish abundance and growing interest in ocean floor use suggest that fisheries managers should ensure benthivores have sufficient prey resources relative to their community size and human pressures to promote long‐term sustainability of demersal fisheries and healthy ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is a significant and growing threat to water security in the Pacific Region. However, little is known about how communities in the region mobilize resources and institutions to safeguard water security and build resilience. We engage the community disaster resilience framework and use ethnographic observations and semi-structured interviews to examine how rural communities in Fiji mobilize household and community resources (effectively and otherwise) to manage water security amid persistent climate-related disasters. We highlight important lessons on the opportunities and challenges of community water governance for water security and disaster resilience in the Pacific Islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children's participation in the social structure from the first stages of life shapes not only their development but also how they learn to become well‐adjusted members of their cultural environment. In the presented study, using focal‐follow and participatory observation, we depict the reality in early and middle childhood (N = 23; ages 2–7) of Yurakare children living in Bolivia's Amazonian area. We attempt to determine whether the facets of the LOPI model (Learning by Observing and Pitching in) proposed by Rogoff are represented in the everyday way of life of Yurakare children. This is the first systematic, quantitative study of children's social environment and practice in this Indigenous community. The results show that the practices of the Yurakare people are based on two things: (1) inclusion of all ages in community life, which cultivates children to engage in useful activities even while having fun; (2) the primacy of mature activities, which is in line with the LOPI model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pediatricians have always seen the value of preventing health harms; this should be no less true for child maltreatment than for disease or unintentional injuries. Research continues to demonstrate that maltreatment can be prevented, underscoring the vital roles of both the family and society in healthy childhood development and the importance of strong, stable, nurturing relationships in preventing maltreatment and building the child's resilience to adversity. This clinical report elaborates the pediatrician's multitiered role in supporting relational health from infancy through adolescence, from universal interventions assessing for maltreatment risks and protective factors to targeted interventions addressing identified needs and building on strengths. When maltreatment has already occurred, interventions can prevent further victimization and mitigate long-term sequelae. Advice is provided on engaging community resources, including those that provide food, shelter, or financial support for families in need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay approaches the "God is dead" theme by offering a new philosophical history addressing what would make belief in divinity, in God, sustainable and unsustainable. I claim that the death of nature and the death of God in the modern era are manifestations of a progressive distancing from a religious philosophy of the Earth that guided human development until the beginnings of civilization. I outline within the space limitations here a new way of looking at the rise of civilization and the modern era by re-evaluating large-scale epochal beliefs and assumptions of progress within a context of sustainable ends and what I have termed sustainable wisdom. From an original evolved outlook I call animate mind, rooted in a religious philosophy of the living Earth, succeeding contractions of anthropocentric mind and machine-centric mind have regressively disconnected from the community of life. This trajectory courses the disconnect from the livingness of things as defining cosmos, to that of machine-centric mind in the modern era, a devolutionary elevation of the feelingless machine, of deadness, of what Erich Fromm described as cultural necrophilia. I propose rebalancing these later contractions of anthropocentric and machine-centric mind with that deeper reality of animate mind, forged as the human evolutionary legacy still present in the human body-mind today. The renewed legacy of animate mind provides a key to what a sustainable God might mean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Families from migrant backgrounds are found to generally underutilize mainstream child and family support services and recourse more to their social networks and community‐based actors for support. This article explores the role of migrant community resource persons (CRPs). Drawing on the novel concept of welfare bricolage, the study sought to unravel CRPs' take on family support and their position in the family support landscape beyond the dominant framing as instrumental intermediaries. Semi‐structured in‐depth interviews were conducted with 27 CRPs in Flanders, Belgium, to which thematic analysis was applied. This thematic analysis was guided by key principles of welfare bricolage. The findings add to the existing knowledge that CRPs creatively and flexibly shape community‐based family support outside and independent of the predefined, mainstream pathways. CRPs seek to strengthen families and their communities by purposefully assembling and deploying a wide range of resources from various support systems. The findings expand the notion of family support, what it is and who provides it, and thus provide an impetus to reconsider child and family social work in superdiverse settings. This article therefore informs government authorities and formal and informal actors working to support family welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dementia can be overwhelming to families and their caregivers. Informal caregiving is a widespread mode of providing dementia care in African American communities, yet impact of caregiving on informal or family caregivers in African American communities is burdensome. This study aimed to describe the lived experiences of informal caregivers of African American People Living with Dementia (PLWD) to understand their perceptions of dementia and dementia care, caregiver support needs, and service needs. Interpretive phenomenological qualitative inquiry guided this study to understand caregivers' experiences and needs. Ten family caregivers of African American PLWD in the community participated in this study. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and a diary study approach to document and interpret caregivers' experiences. The data analysis was based on procedures of content analysis. Four major themes emerged from the in-depth interviews: caregiver burden, familism, lack of information and community-based resources, and desire and need for culturally appropriate community-based resources. Triangulated diary entry data complemented the in-depth interviews with similar themes. This study highlights how African American informal caregivers of PLWD face various caregiving needs and challenges in dementia care including lack of culturally appropriate community resources and information. The study illustrates that African American cultural beliefs of familism are significant aspects of their caregiving experience and their coping strategies. These study results provide a useful foundation for various stakeholders to develop culturally targeted interventions and programs to support African American informal caregivers and their family members with dementia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LeishGEM is a genome-wide functional annotation community resource for Leishmania mexicana , where deletion mutant growth in vitro and in vivo is measured and protein localisation is determined by endogenous tagging and LOPIT-DC (localisation of organelle proteins by isotope tagging with differential centrifugation) spatial proteomics. Data are being made available pre-publication via http://leishgem.org which allows data-driven identification of the mechanisms for Leishmania parasitism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study identified custodial grandparents' perception of sources of stress that may affect their health and better understand their needs. Findings from this qualitative study are based on thematic analysis of interviews with 10 custodial grandparents. The following themes emerged: 1) grandparents' stress from perceived lack of readiness to care for grandchildren; 2) need for effective communication between and among family members; 3) sufficiency of financial and legal resources; 4) access to community resources, and 5) raising grandchildren reenergizes and revitalizes grandparents' physical and mental health. These findings provide insight into the stressful aspects of the role of raising grandchildren. Understanding stressors affecting custodial grandparents and their grandchildren will help school nurses, social workers, teachers, school administrators and other professionals collaborate to address their challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers some issues around exclusionary discipline measures: reasons for their use, students affected by their use, and how they are affected. It recommends that Christian educators consider carefully how they respond to problematic behaviour so that strategies chosen are consistent with the aims of Christian community life: shalom, wellbeing, and harmony through right relationships with God, others, the world, and the self. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents one school's perspective on the application of restorative practices to its community life. It is borne out of a deep commitment to the three components described in Micah 6:8--justice, mercy, humility--as being central to the school's establishment of restorative culture as a key part of its presentation of itself as God's people gathered in community. The article also explores the background that informed the school's current approach to restorative justice practices. The author shares the outcomes of some complex and nuanced situations that are real-life and drawn from several different school sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under conditions of high social and political polarization, expressing political anger online toward systemic injustice faces an apparent trilemma: Express none but lose anger's valuable goods; express anger to heterogeneous audiences but risk aggravating inter-group polarization; or express anger to like-minded people but succumb to the epistemic pitfalls and extremist tendencies inherent to homogeneous groups. Solving the trilemma requires cultivating an online environment as a deliberative system composed of four kinds of groups—each with distinct purposes and norms. I argue that applying empirically-guided design principles to this systems framework provides political anger a place where its powers can serve justice without damaging the epistemic, ethical, emotional, and community resources required for a democratic path to correcting systemic injustice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergency department and hospital provide a unique and important opportunity to identify elder mistreatment and offer intervention. To help manage these complex cases, multi-disciplinary response teams have been launched. In developing these teams, it quickly became clear that social workers play a critical role in responding to elder mistreatment. Their unique skillset allows them to establish close connections with community resources, collaborate with various hospital stakeholders, support patients/families/caregivers through challenging situations, navigate the legal and protective systems, and balance patient safety and quality of life in disposition decision-making. The role of the social worker on these multi-faceted teams includes conducting a comprehensive biopsychosocial assessment, helping to develop a safe discharge plan, and making appropriate referrals, among other responsibilities. Any institution considering developing a multi-disciplinary program should recognize the critical importance of social work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Healthy City concept aims to improve the physical and social environment in order to expand community resources and strengthen daily life functions, one of which is through healthy, clean water management. The aim of this research is efficient clean water management, with a special focus on Pagak District, Malang Regency, Indonesia, which often faces the challenge of drought. Water Poverty Index (WPI) analysis and Social Network Analysis (SNA) are used to achieve this goal. WPI is a comprehensive tool that considers five main components: availability of water resources, access to clean water, adequate water management capacity, efficient water use, and the impact of water management on the environment. Next, SNA analysis is carried out as a systematic approach to understanding social capital in a community, thereby enabling a deeper understanding of social dynamics and available resources. The research results show that in Pagak District, Tlogorejo Village has the lowest WPI value of 44.51, which is categorized as critical. Apart from that, Tlogorejo Village also has the lowest SNA score with a participation rate of 1.39 and a relationship density of 35.3%. Implementing the Healthy City concept recognizes the importance of overcoming the challenges of clean water management in areas experiencing water scarcity through improving the physical and social environment. Implementation of this strategy not only increases access to clean water but also strengthens social ties and overall community well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the Advancing Community Health and Individual leadership through a noVel Educational (ACHIEVE) program uniting Chicago high school and undergraduate students (scholars) and community organizations to empower youth to meaningfully impact communities while enhancing organizational capacity. Between 2020 and 2022, the ACHIEVE program engaged cohorts of youth in classroom-based learning and community-based projects targeting health and education disparities. Pre and post-program surveys were administered to scholars to assess knowledge about disparities, skills, and self-efficacy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with community organization leaders to examine programmatic impact. Descriptive and thematic analyses were performed. Across four cohorts (March 2020; September 2020-May 2021; September-November 2021; March-May 2022), 85 students participated in the ACHIEVE program. Scholars supported 19 community-based projects that increased awareness of local issues and resources and evaluated programs. Scholars reported advancement in their knowledge and skills as well as interest in sustaining their community engagement. Leaders shared several benefits at the organizational and community levels from collaborating with scholars. The ACHIEVE program enabled bidirectional learning between scholars and organizations. It also demonstrated that youth can contribute positively to addressing disparities while supporting local organizations and communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Community resource mapping (CRM) is a process for identifying community resources vital to the successful post-secondary transition to adulthood for youth with extensive support needs (ESN). By adopting the four-step process delineated in the National Center on Secondary Education and Transition's Essential Tool: Community Resource Mapping, we present an adaptable digital CRM process that aligns with transition services as an outcome-based process. This is shown through enhancing internal and external collaboration efforts with various agencies, school staff, and families in identifying community resources in a streamlined and accessible process for youth with ESN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Of the large number of petroglyph sites known in Peru, in this paper we deal with those located in an extensive archaeological area located in the southernmost part of the country, extending through the high mountains of the Illomas ravine (District of Chuquibamba. Province of Condesuyos. Department of Arequipa), conforming an extensive archaeological complex different from the known sites in the south of Peru, when allowing an approximation to the correlation that existed between the rupestrian engravings and the human settlements. That characteristic makes it singularly important to try to fix the chronological-cultural contexts and their meaning, starting from the consideration that these must have constituted a unit with its archaeological and geographical environment, forming an integral part of the daily life of the communities that settled and developed in the region of Illomas. Undoubtedly, it constitutes an archaeologically singular geographic area in terms of type of archaeological site and rock representations, evidence that make it possible to attempt an approximation to the model of adaptation that the ancient settlers of Peru developed in this geographic environment and the mentality that surrounded it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Managing disasters and public health emergencies poses a complex challenge, particularly in maintaining the crucial elements of surge capacity, often referred to as the 4S: staff, stuff, space, and system. While discussions surrounding the management of these emergencies typically emphasize their impact on emergency healthcare services, resources, and capabilities, it is essential to recognize the inherent limitations of these resources. Therefore, integrating nonmedical resources such as community staff, supplies, and spaces into the response chain is equally important. Among community facilities, hotels are particularly intriguing due to their organizational and structural capabilities to serve as alternative care sites for lightly injured or non-injured emergency victims. This narrative review explored the potential use of hotels as alternative care sites and the legal implications associated with such utilization. The results confirmed a high potential for using hotels as alternate care sites. However, data concerning its practical and legal implications are insufficient. This paper suggests further research to investigate the criteria for utilizing hotels in this capacity, including admission guidelines for disaster victims and relevant ethical and legal considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eugippius' Life of Severinus is a text in which society is described through the dichotomy between Romans and barbarians. In this paper, I examine how exactly Eugippius imagines this polarity and to what rhetorical and persuasive ends he employs it. In particular, I focus on his complex portrayal of the barbarians which reveals his views on what place they might occupy in the Roman and Christian vision of history and politics. By examining the social and political ideas in the Life of Severinus we can trace how the hagiographer perceived the disintegrating societies of the West in the fifth and sixth centuries and what attitudes he advocated that could help de-escalate violence and overcome divisions. Finally, I discuss the extent to which Eugippius' representation of the relationship between Romans and barbarians corresponded to the interests and anxieties of his Italian audience living under Ostrogothic rule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determinants at the contextual level are important for children's and adolescents' mental health care utilization, as this is the level where policy makers and care providers can intervene to improve access to and provision of care. The objective of this review was to summarize the evidence on contextual determinants associated with mental health care utilization in children and adolescents. A systematic literature search in five electronic databases was conducted in August 2021 and retrieved 6439 unique records. Based on eight inclusion criteria, 74 studies were included. Most studies were rated as high quality (79.7%) and adjusted for mental health problems (66.2%). The determinants that were identified were categorized into four levels: organizational, community, public policy or macro-environmental. There was evidence of a positive association between mental health care utilization and having access to a school-based health center, region of residence, living in an urban area, living in an area with high accessibility of mental health care, living in an area with high socio-economic status, having a mental health parity law, a mental health screening program, fee-for-service plan (compared to managed care plan), extension of health insurance coverage and collaboration between organizations providing care. For the other 35 determinants, only limited evidence was available. To conclude, this systematic review identifies ten contextual determinants of children's and adolescents' mental health care utilization, which can be influenced by policymakers and care providers. Implications and future directions for research are discussed PROSPERO ID: CRD42021276033. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although the postpartum period is an opportunity to address long-term health, fragmented care systems, inadequate attention to social needs, and a lack of structured transition to primary care threaten patient wellbeing, particularly for low-income individuals. Postpartum patient navigation is an emerging innovation to address these disparities. Methods: This mixed-methods analysis uses data from the first year of an ongoing randomized controlled trial to understand the needs of low-income postpartum individuals through 1 year of patient navigation. We designed standardized logs for navigators to record their services, tracking mode, content, intensity, and target of interactions. Navigators also completed semistructured interviews every 3 months regarding relationships with patients and care teams, care system gaps, and navigation process. Log data were categorized, quantified, and mapped temporally through 1 year postpartum. Qualitative data were analyzed using the constant comparative method. Results: Log data from 50 participants who received navigation revealed the most frequent needs related to health care access (45.4%), health and wellness (18.2%), patient-navigator relationship building (14.8%), parenting (13.6%), and social determinants of health (8.0%). Navigation activities included supporting physical and mental recovery, accomplishing health goals, connecting patients to primary and specialty care, preparing for health system utilization beyond navigation, and referring individuals to community resources. Participant needs fluctuated, yielding a dynamic timeline of the first postpartum year. Conclusion: Postpartum needs evolved throughout the year, requiring support from various teams. Navigation beyond the typical postpartum care window may be useful in mitigating health system barriers, and tracking patient needs may be useful in optimizing postpartum care. Clinical Trial Registration: Registered April 19, 2019, enrollment beginning January 21, 2020, NCT03922334, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03922334 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]