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This paper presents a vision of mathematical arguments and demonstrations from a socio-epistemological point of view. It allows us to understand that the arguments used in different settings are different to those of deductive arguments. The presence in classrooms of different types of arguments cannot always be explained using Aristotelian logic. Likewise, the non-appearance of forms based on Aristotelian logic in non-mathematical settings, provides us with the possibility of understanding that, with regards socio-cultural aspects, arguments are constructed in non-academic settings which are transferred by students to school settings, due to the fact that they simultaneously experience both settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work shows, first, a characterization of cultural scenarios that did not have Aristotelian influence; hence its argumentations used are different than the ones originated in Greece. In such cultures some mathematical concepts were used in a way that took several centuries to be accepted in western thinking. This shows how culture affects forms of argumentation and posits the possibility of the development of mathematical concepts based on other thinking sources. Furthermore, this study describes some argumentation forms, present in the mathematical classroom, which are incorrect according to Aristotelian logic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]