21 results on '"Cabello-Stom, Javier"'
Search Results
2. SAFETY AND SEROLOGICAL RESPONSE TO MULTIVALENT CANINE DISTEMPER VIRUS VACCINE IN RED FOXES ( VULPES VULPES )
- Author
-
Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, Mathieu-Benson, Christian, Celis-Diez, Sebastian, Soto-Guerrero, Pilar, Carmona-Schmidt, Soledad, Cabello-Stom, Javier, and Ortiz-Tacchi, Carolina
- Published
- 2019
3. HOW MANY SPECIES OF GREY FOXES (CANIDAE, CARNIVORA) ARE THERE IN SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA?
- Author
-
Chemisquy, M. Amelia, Prevosti, Francisco J., Martínez, Pablo, Raimondi, Vanina, Cabello Stom, Javier E., Acosta-Jamett, Gerardo, and Montoya-Burgos, Juan I.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Assessing micro-macroparasite selective pressures and anthropogenic disturbance as drivers of immune gene diversity in a Neotropical wild cat
- Author
-
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), National Geographic Society, Morris Animal Foundation, Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund, Australian Government, Wild Felid Association, Napolitano, Constanza [0000-0002-7081-6975], Sacristán, Irene [0000-0002-4169-4884], López-Jara, María José [0000-0002-9646-6483], Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel [0000-0002-1291-514X], Poulin, Elie [0000-0001-7736-0969], Grueber, Catherine E. [0000-0002-8179-1822], Napolitano, Constanza, Sacristán, Irene, Acuña, Francisca, Aguilar, Emilio, García, Sebastián, López-Jara, María José, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, Poulin, Elie, Grueber, Catherine E., Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), National Geographic Society, Morris Animal Foundation, Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund, Australian Government, Wild Felid Association, Napolitano, Constanza [0000-0002-7081-6975], Sacristán, Irene [0000-0002-4169-4884], López-Jara, María José [0000-0002-9646-6483], Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel [0000-0002-1291-514X], Poulin, Elie [0000-0001-7736-0969], Grueber, Catherine E. [0000-0002-8179-1822], Napolitano, Constanza, Sacristán, Irene, Acuña, Francisca, Aguilar, Emilio, García, Sebastián, López-Jara, María José, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, Poulin, Elie, and Grueber, Catherine E.
- Abstract
Anthropogenic environmental change is reducing available habitat for wild species, providing novel selection pressures such as infectious diseases and causing species to interact in new ways. The potential for emerging infectious diseases and zoonoses at the interface between humans, domestic animals, and wild species is a key global concern. In vertebrates, diversity at the major histocompatibility complex MHC is critical to disease resilience, and its study in wild populations provides insights into eco-evolutionary dynamics that human activities alter. In natural populations, variation at MHC loci is partly maintained by balancing selection, driven by pathogenic selective pressures. We hypothesize that MHC genetic diversity differs between guigna populations inhabiting human-dominated landscapes (higher pathogen pressures) versus more natural habitats (lower pathogen pressures). We predict that MHC diversity in guignas would be highest in human-dominated landscapes compared with continuous forest habitats. We also expected to find higher MHC diversity in guignas infected with micro and macro parasites (higher parasite load) versus non infected guignas. We characterized for the first time the genetic diversity at three MHC class I and II exons in 128 wild guignas (Leopardus guigna) across their distribution range in Chile (32-46° S) and Argentina, representing landscapes with varying levels of human disturbance. We integrated MHC sequence diversity with multiple measures of anthropogenic disturbance and both micro and macro parasite infection data. We also assessed signatures of positive selection acting on MHC genes. We found significantly higher MHC class I diversity in guignas inhabiting landscapes where houses were present, and with lower percentage of vegetation cover, and also in animals with more severe cardiorespiratory helminth infection (richness and intensity) and micro-macroparasite co-infection. This comprehensive, landscape-level assessment further e
- Published
- 2023
5. Wild deer (Pudu puda) from Chile harbor a novel ecotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum
- Author
-
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), Comunidad de Madrid, Santodomingo, Adriana, Thomas, Richard, Robbiano, Sofía, Uribe, Juan E., Parragué-Migone, Catalina, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Vera-Otarola, Frank, Valencia-Soto, Carola, Moreira-Arce, Darío, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, Muñoz-Leal, Sebastián, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), Comunidad de Madrid, Santodomingo, Adriana, Thomas, Richard, Robbiano, Sofía, Uribe, Juan E., Parragué-Migone, Catalina, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Vera-Otarola, Frank, Valencia-Soto, Carola, Moreira-Arce, Darío, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, and Muñoz-Leal, Sebastián
- Abstract
[Background] Deer species play an important role in the enzootic cycles of several Anaplasma species. While in the Northern Hemisphere ticks of genus Ixodes are well recognized vectors of these intracellular bacteria, less is known regarding the biological cycles of Anaplasma spp. in South America., [Methods] Using PCR protocols and Sanger sequencing, we assessed the presence of Anaplasma spp. in blood and ticks collected on a native deer species (Pudu puda) from southern Chile., [Results] Based on phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA, gltA and groEL genes and calculation of average sequence divergence for groEL, our results bring to light a novel genovariant of Anaplasma phagocytophilum (named strain “Patagonia”). The strain represents a novel ecotype within the A. phagocytophilum species complex and was detected in both P. puda and their ticks. Using a larger matrix, denser taxon sampling and outgroup, our maximum-likelihood- and Bayesian-inferred phylogenies for groEL provide an accurate picture of the topology of A. phagocytophilum ecotypes and their evolutionary relationships., [Conclusions] This is the first report of an ecotype of A. phagocytophilum in South America. Our results provide novel insight into the genetic diversity and ecology of this complex of bacterial lineages. Further studies should elucidate the enzootic cycle of A. phagocytophilum strain “Patagonia” and assess its pathogenic potential for pudues, domestic animals and humans in the region.
- Published
- 2023
6. Additional file 1 of Wild deer (Pudu puda) from Chile harbor a novel ecotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum
- Author
-
Santodomingo, Adriana, Thomas, Richard, Robbiano, Sofía, Uribe, Juan E., Parragué-Migone, Catalina, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Vera-Otarola, Frank, Valencia-Soto, Carola, Moreira-Arce, Darío, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, and Muñoz-Leal, Sebastián
- Abstract
Additional file 1: Table S1. GenBank accession numbers of the sequences used for Anaplasma phagocytophilum rrs and gltA phylogenies. Sequences generated in this study are highlighted in bold. Table S2. GenBank accession numbers of the sequences used for Anaplasma phagocytophilum groEL phylogeny. Sequences generated in this study are highlighted in bold.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Wild deer (Pudu puda) from Chile harbor a novel ecotype of Anaplasma phagocytophilum
- Author
-
Santodomingo, Adriana, primary, Thomas, Richard, additional, Robbiano, Sofía, additional, Uribe, Juan E., additional, Parragué-Migone, Catalina, additional, Cabello-Stom, Javier, additional, Vera-Otarola, Frank, additional, Valencia-Soto, Carola, additional, Moreira-Arce, Darío, additional, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, additional, and Muñoz-Leal, Sebastián, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. A search for piroplasmids and spirochetes in threatened pudu ( Pudu puda ) and associated ticks from Southern Chile unveils a novel Babesia sp. and a variant of Borrelia chilensis
- Author
-
Santodomingo, Adriana, primary, Robbiano, Sofía, additional, Thomas, Richard, additional, Parragué‐Migone, Catalina, additional, Cabello‐Stom, Javier, additional, Vera‐Otarola, Frank, additional, Valencia‐Soto, Carola, additional, Moreira‐Arce, Darío, additional, Moreno, Lucila, additional, Hidalgo‐Hermoso, Ezequiel, additional, and Muñoz‐Leal, Sebastián, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Lack of Exposure to Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Chilean Cervids, and Evidence of a New Mycobacterium-Like Sequence
- Author
-
Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, primary, Ruiz-Fons, Francisco, additional, Cabello-Stom, Javier, additional, Ramírez, Nathalie, additional, López, Rodrigo, additional, Sánchez, Fernanda, additional, Mansell, Myra, additional, Sánchez, Carlos, additional, Simonetti, Javier A., additional, Peñaranda, Diego, additional, Stipicic, Gregor, additional, Moreira-Arce, Dario, additional, Cariñanos, Aintzane, additional, Barría, Ismael, additional, Silva, Alejandra, additional, Millán, Javier, additional, and Esperón, Fernando, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Molecular detection and characterization of hemoplasmas in the pudu (Pudu Puda), a native CERVID from CHILE
- Author
-
Fundación Buin Zoo, Chiloe Silvestre, Fundación Romahue, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel [0000-0002-1291-514X], Novoa, Ignacio [0000-0001-7751-7372], Kemec, Ignacio [0000-0002-0880-9045], Verasay, Juan [0000-0003-0995-1227], Moreira-Arce, Dario [0000-0002-1188-496X], Vergara, Pablo M [0000-0002-0024-1678], Esperón, Fernando [0000-0002-8810-5071], Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Novoa, Ignacio, Celis, Sebastián, Ortiz, Carolina, Kemec, Ignacio, Lagos, Rocio, Verasay, Juan, Mansell-Venegas, Myra, Moreira-Arce, Dario, Vergara, Pablo M, Millán, Javier, Esperón, Fernando, Fundación Buin Zoo, Chiloe Silvestre, Fundación Romahue, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel [0000-0002-1291-514X], Novoa, Ignacio [0000-0001-7751-7372], Kemec, Ignacio [0000-0002-0880-9045], Verasay, Juan [0000-0003-0995-1227], Moreira-Arce, Dario [0000-0002-1188-496X], Vergara, Pablo M [0000-0002-0024-1678], Esperón, Fernando [0000-0002-8810-5071], Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Novoa, Ignacio, Celis, Sebastián, Ortiz, Carolina, Kemec, Ignacio, Lagos, Rocio, Verasay, Juan, Mansell-Venegas, Myra, Moreira-Arce, Dario, Vergara, Pablo M, Millán, Javier, and Esperón, Fernando
- Abstract
Hemotropic mycoplasmas cause hemolytic anemia in a variety of wild and domestic mammals. Despite growing evidence about their widespread presence and genetic diversity in wildlife, their presence has never been investigated in Chilean artiodactyls. We aimed to describe the presence and diversity of hemoplasmas in pudus (Pudu puda), a small cervid native to Chile. Hemoplasma infection was assessed in blood samples from 43 wild and 33 captive pudus from central and southern Chile by direct sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. We detected hemoplasmas in 13%, with no statistical differences between wild (19%) and captive animals (6%). A sequence closely related to Mycoplasma ovis was present both in wild (14%) and captive (6%) pudus. Two previously undescribed sequences, classified in a clade including hemoplasmas from carnivores, were found in one wild pudu each. This study presents the first evidence of the presence of M. ovislike organisms in Chile and of the susceptibility of pudus to infection with hemoplasmas. Further research is needed to understand the pathologic consequences of this pathogen for pudus, its effects at the population level, and their potential impact on the health small ruminants and other wildlife species in Chile.
- Published
- 2022
11. Lack of Exposure to Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Chilean Cervids, and Evidence of a New Mycobacterium-Like Sequence
- Author
-
Asociación Kauyeken, European Commission, J. M. Kaplan Fund, Buinzoo, Universidad San Sebastián, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel [0000-0002-1291-514X], Ruiz Fons, Francisco [0000-0002-0820-5292], Cabello, Javier [0000-0002-5712-8502], Ramírez, Nathalie [0000-0002-0682-3548], Simonetti, Javier A. [0000-0002-7238-4133], Moreira-Arce, Dario [0000-0002-1188-496X], Barría, Ismael [0000-0002-3305-9872], Esperón, Fernando [0000-0002-8810-5071], Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, Ruiz-Fons, Francisco, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Ramírez, Nathalie, López, Rodrigo, Sánchez, Fernanda, Mansell-Venegas, Myra, Sánchez, Carlos, Simonetti, Javier A., Peñaranda, Diego, Stipicic, Gregor, Moreira-Arce, Dario, Cariñanos, Aintzane, Barría, Ismael, Silva, Alejandra, Millán, Javier, Esperón, Fernando, Asociación Kauyeken, European Commission, J. M. Kaplan Fund, Buinzoo, Universidad San Sebastián, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel [0000-0002-1291-514X], Ruiz Fons, Francisco [0000-0002-0820-5292], Cabello, Javier [0000-0002-5712-8502], Ramírez, Nathalie [0000-0002-0682-3548], Simonetti, Javier A. [0000-0002-7238-4133], Moreira-Arce, Dario [0000-0002-1188-496X], Barría, Ismael [0000-0002-3305-9872], Esperón, Fernando [0000-0002-8810-5071], Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, Ruiz-Fons, Francisco, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Ramírez, Nathalie, López, Rodrigo, Sánchez, Fernanda, Mansell-Venegas, Myra, Sánchez, Carlos, Simonetti, Javier A., Peñaranda, Diego, Stipicic, Gregor, Moreira-Arce, Dario, Cariñanos, Aintzane, Barría, Ismael, Silva, Alejandra, Millán, Javier, and Esperón, Fernando
- Abstract
Screening of serum and fecal samples from huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) and pudu (Pudu puda) from southern Chile for Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP) found all but four samples Mycobacterium-negative. The positive sequences showed only 92-93% similarity with MAP and were from remote Isla Riesco populations.
- Published
- 2022
12. Epidemiology and molecular characterization of Carnivore protoparvovirus-1 infection in the wild felid Leopardus guigna in Chile
- Author
-
Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), National Geographic Society, Morris Animal Foundation, Sacristán, Irene [0000-0002-4169-4884], Esperón, Fernando [0000-0002-8810-5071], Pérez, Rubén [0000-0003-4961-4743], García, Sebastián [0000-0001-6048-1545], López, María José [0000-0002-9646-6483], Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel [0000-0002-1291-514X], Terio, Karen A [0000-0003-4924-5503], Millán, Javier [0000-0001-5608-781X], Poulin, Elie [0000-0001-7736-0969], Napolitano, Constanza [0000-0002-7081-6975], Sacristán, Irene, Esperón, Fernando, Pérez, Rubén, Acuña, Francisca, Aguilar, Emilio, García, Sebastián, López, María José, Neves, Elena, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, Terio, Karen A, Millán, Javier, Poulin, Elie, Napolitano, Constanza, Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), National Geographic Society, Morris Animal Foundation, Sacristán, Irene [0000-0002-4169-4884], Esperón, Fernando [0000-0002-8810-5071], Pérez, Rubén [0000-0003-4961-4743], García, Sebastián [0000-0001-6048-1545], López, María José [0000-0002-9646-6483], Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel [0000-0002-1291-514X], Terio, Karen A [0000-0003-4924-5503], Millán, Javier [0000-0001-5608-781X], Poulin, Elie [0000-0001-7736-0969], Napolitano, Constanza [0000-0002-7081-6975], Sacristán, Irene, Esperón, Fernando, Pérez, Rubén, Acuña, Francisca, Aguilar, Emilio, García, Sebastián, López, María José, Neves, Elena, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, Terio, Karen A, Millán, Javier, Poulin, Elie, and Napolitano, Constanza
- Abstract
Landscape anthropization has been identified as one of the main drivers of pathogen emergence worldwide, facilitating pathogen spillover between domestic species and wildlife. The present study investigated Carnivore protoparvovirus-1 infection using molecular methods in 98 free-ranging wild guignas (Leopardus guigna) and 262 co-occurring owned, free-roaming rural domestic cats. We also assessed landscape anthropization variables as potential drivers of infection. Protoparvovirus DNA was detected in guignas across their entire distribution range, with observed prevalence of 13.3% (real-time PCR) and 9% (conventional PCR) in guignas, and 6.1% (conventional PCR) in cats. Prevalence in guigna did not vary depending on age, sex, study area or landscape variables. Prevalence was higher in juvenile cats (16.7%) than in adults (4.4%). Molecular characterization of the virus by amplification and sequencing of almost the entire vp2 gene (1,746 bp) from one guigna and five domestic cats was achieved, showing genetic similarities to canine parvovirus 2c (CPV-2c) (one guigna and one cat), feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) (one cat), CPV-2 (no subtype identified) (two cats), CPV-2a (one cat). The CVP-2c-like sequence found in a guigna clustered together with domestic cat and dog CPV-2c sequences from South America, suggesting possible spillover from a domestic to a wild species as the origin of infection in guigna. No clinical signs of disease were found in PCR-positive animals except for a CPV-2c-infected guigna, which had haemorrhagic diarrhoea and died a few days after arrival at a wildlife rescue centre. Our findings reveal widespread presence of Carnivore protoparvovirus-1 across the guigna distribution in Chile and suggest that virus transmission potentially occurs from domestic to wild carnivores, causing severe disease and death in susceptible wild guignas.
- Published
- 2021
13. Canine Distemper Outbreak by Natural Infection in a Group of Vaccinated Maned Wolves in Captivity
- Author
-
Vergara-Wilson, Vicente, primary, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, additional, Sanchez, Carlos R., additional, Abarca, María J., additional, Navarro, Carlos, additional, Celis-Diez, Sebastian, additional, Soto-Guerrero, Pilar, additional, Diaz-Ayala, Nataly, additional, Zordan, Martin, additional, Cifuentes-Ramos, Federico, additional, and Cabello-Stom, Javier, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. How many species of grey foxes (Canidae, carnivora) are there in Southern South America?
- Author
-
Chemisquy, Maria Amelia, Prevosti, Francisco Juan, Martínez, Pablo, Raimondi, Vanina Belén, Cabello Stom, Javier E., Acosta Jamett, Gerardo, and Montoya Burgos, Juan Ignacio
- Subjects
SPECIES DELIMITATION ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,FOXES ,MITOCHONDRIAL DNA ,SYSTEMATICS ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] - Abstract
Two species of grey foxes are recognized in the Southern Cone of America: Lycalopex griseus, and L. gymnocercus, which were traditionally separated by size and some cranial differences. Morphometric analyses of the skull showed that both species could be the same and that they show clinal variation, while DNA studies based on one mitochondrial marker suggested that they belong to different species. Our objective is to evaluate the systematic status of these foxes using three mitochondrial markers (cytochrome B, cytochrome oxidase I, and control region), and a large sample covering a wide geographic range. The results indicate that there are two clades, that are not sister taxa, a finding that is more congruent with the hypothesis of two species, but their geographic distribution is not coincident with the accepted distribution of L. griseus and L. gymnocercus. Consequently, the distribution of L. griseus is extended eastern including north and center of Argentina, towards the west and south of the Paraná, Paraguay and Río de la Plata rivers. On the other hand, the clade that probably represents L. gymnocercus is restricted to the east of those rivers, except for a few specimens collected in Santa Fe, close to the Paraná river. However, an analysis of a wider sample using nuclear DNA is needed to confirm the taxonomic identity of these species of grey foxes. Dos especies de zorros grises se reconocen en el Cono Sur de América: Lycalopex griseus y L. gymnocercus, que tradicionalmente estaban separadas por tamaño y algunas diferencias craneales. Análisis morfométricos del cráneo mostraron que estas especies podrían ser una sola que muestra variación clinal, mientras que estudios de ADN basados en un marcador mitocondrial sugirieron que pertenecen a especies diferentes. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar el estado sistemático de estos zorros utilizando tres marcadores mitocondriales (citocromo B, citocromo oxidasa I y región control) y una muestra grande que cubre un amplio rango geográfico. Los resultados indican que hay dos clados, que no son taxones hermanos, un hallazgo que es más congruente con la hipótesis de dos especies, pero su distribución geográfica no es coincidente con la distribución aceptada de L. griseus y L. gymnocercus. Consecuentemente, la distribución de L. griseus se extiende hacia el este, incluyendo el norte y centro de la Argentina, hacia el este y el sur de los ríos Paraná, Paraguay y Río de la Plata. Por el otro lado, el clado que probablemente representa a L. gymnocercus está restringido hacia el este de esos ríos, excepto por algunos especímenes colectados en Santa Fe, cerca del río Paraná. Sin embargo, se necesita un análisis de una muestra más amplia que utilice ADN nuclear para confirmar la identidad taxonómica de estas especies de zorros grises Fil: Chemisquy, Maria Amelia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Secretaría de Industria y Minería. Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Provincia de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja; Argentina Fil: Prevosti, Francisco Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Secretaría de Industria y Minería. Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Provincia de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja; Argentina Fil: Martínez, Pablo. Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Campus Itabaiana; Brasil Fil: Raimondi, Vanina Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina. Universidad de Ginebra; Suiza Fil: Cabello Stom, Javier E.. Universidad San Sebastián Sede de la Patagonia; Chile Fil: Acosta Jamett, Gerardo. Universidad Austral de Chile; Chile Fil: Montoya Burgos, Juan Ignacio. Universidad de Ginebra; Suiza
- Published
- 2019
15. ¿Cuántas especies de zorros grises (Canidae, Carnivora) hay en el sur de Sudamérica?
- Author
-
Chemisquy, M. Amelia, Prevosti, Francisco J, Martínez, Pablo, Raimondi, Vanina, Cabello Stom, Javier E, Acosta-Jamett, Gerardo, and Montoya-Burgos, Juan I
- Subjects
Delimitación de especies ,Systematics ,Species delimitation ,Foxes ,ADN mitocondrial ,Sistemática ,Mitochondrial DNA ,Zorros - Abstract
Two species of grey foxes are recognized in the Southern Cone of America: Lycalopex griseus, and L. gymnocercus, which were traditionally separated by size and some cranial differences. Morphometric analyses of the skull showed that both species could be the same and that they show clinal variation, while DNA studies based on one mitochondrial marker suggested that they belong to different species. Our objective is to evaluate the systematic status of these foxes using three mitochondrial markers (cytochrome B, cytochrome oxidase I, and control region), and a large sample covering a wide geographic range. The results indicate that there are two clades, that are not sister taxa, a finding that is more congruent with the hypothesis of two species, but their geographic distribution is not coincident with the accepted distribution of L. griseus and L. gymnocercus. Consequently, the distribution of L. griseus is extended eastern including north and center of Argentina, towards the west and south of the Paraná, Paraguay and Río de la Plata rivers. On the other hand, the clade that probably represents L. gymnocercus is restricted to the east of those rivers, except for a few specimens collected in Santa Fe, close to the Paraná river. However, an analysis of a wider sample using nuclear DNA is needed to confirm the taxonomic identity of these species of grey foxes. Dos especies de zorros grises se reconocen en el Cono Sur de América: Lycalopex griseus y L. gymnocercus, que tradicionalmente estaban separadas por tamaño y algunas diferencias craneales. Análisis morfométricos del cráneo mostraron que estas especies podrían ser una sola que muestra variación clinal, mientras que estudios de ADN basados en un marcador mitocondrial sugirieron que pertenecen a especies diferentes. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar el estado sistemático de estos zorros utilizando tres marcadores mitocondriales (citocromo B, citocromo oxidasa I y región control) y una muestra grande que cubre un amplio rango geográfico. Los resultados indican que hay dos clados, que no son taxones hermanos, un hallazgo que es más congruente con la hipótesis de dos especies, pero su distribución geográfica no es coincidente con la distribución aceptada de L. griseus y L. gymnocercus. Consecuentemente, la distribución de L. griseus se extiende hacia el este, incluyendo el norte y centro de la Argentina, hacia el este y el sur de los ríos Paraná, Paraguay y Río de la Plata. Por el otro lado, el clado que probablemente representa a L. gymnocercus está restringido hacia el este de esos ríos, excepto por algunos especímenes colectados en Santa Fe, cerca del río Paraná. Sin embargo, se necesita un análisis de una muestra más amplia que utilice ADN nuclear para confirmar la identidad taxonómica de estas especies de zorros grises.
- Published
- 2019
16. Antibiotic resistance genes as landscape anthropization indicators: Using a wild felid as sentinel in Chile
- Author
-
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), Morris Animal Foundation, National Geographic Society, Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund, Australian Government, Wild Felid Association, Universidad Andrés Bello, Sacristán, Irene [0000-0002-4169-4884], Esperón, Fernando [0000-0002-8810-5071], López-Jara, María José [0000-0002-9646-6483], Cevidanes, Aitor [0000-0003-1874-6399], Neves, Elena [0000-0002-1814-573X], Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel [0000-0002-1291-514X], Poulin, Elie [0000-0001-7736-0969], Millán, Javier [0000-0001-5608-781X], Napolitano, Constanza [0000-0002-7081-6975], Sacristán, Irene, Esperón, Fernando, Acuña, Francisca, Aguilar, Emilio, García, Sebastián, López-Jara, María José, Cevidanes, Aitor, Neves, Elena, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, Poulin, Elie, Millán, Javier, Napolitano, Constanza, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), Morris Animal Foundation, National Geographic Society, Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund, Australian Government, Wild Felid Association, Universidad Andrés Bello, Sacristán, Irene [0000-0002-4169-4884], Esperón, Fernando [0000-0002-8810-5071], López-Jara, María José [0000-0002-9646-6483], Cevidanes, Aitor [0000-0003-1874-6399], Neves, Elena [0000-0002-1814-573X], Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel [0000-0002-1291-514X], Poulin, Elie [0000-0001-7736-0969], Millán, Javier [0000-0001-5608-781X], Napolitano, Constanza [0000-0002-7081-6975], Sacristán, Irene, Esperón, Fernando, Acuña, Francisca, Aguilar, Emilio, García, Sebastián, López-Jara, María José, Cevidanes, Aitor, Neves, Elena, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, Poulin, Elie, Millán, Javier, and Napolitano, Constanza
- Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a global emerging public health issue whose presence and impact in wildlife are widely unknown. Antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) are considered environmental contaminants, suitable to evaluate the degree of anthropic impact on wildlife and the environment. We used a wild felid, the guigna (Leopardus guigna), as a sentinel for the presence of ARGs in anthropized and pristine areas across their entire distribution range in Chile. We evaluated fecal samples from 51 wild guignas, collected between 2009 and 2018. Real-time PCR essays were employed to detect and quantify 22 selected ARGs in their fecal microbiome. All animals (100%) were positive for at least one ARG. The most prevalent ARG families were those that confer resistance to tetracycline (88.2%) and beta-lactamase (68.9%), with tet(Q) (60.8%), tet(W) (60.8%), and blaTEM (66.7%) as the most prevalent ARGs. Multi-resistance profiles were observed in 43% of the guignas. Statistically significant differences were found between anthropized and pristine areas for tet(Q) (p = 0.014), tet(W) (p = 0.0037), tetracycline family (p = 0.027), multi-resistance profile prevalence (p = 0.043) and tet(W) quantification (p = 0.004). Two animals from anthropized landscapes were positive for mecA, a gene associated with Staphylococcus aureus and other staphylococci resistant to methicillin, while three animals from anthropized areas were positive for blaCTX-M, that encodes class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. Both genes have been identified in bacteria causing relevant nosocomial infections worldwide. This is the first study on ARGs in wild felids from Chile and the first detection of mecA in South American wild felids. We observed an association between the degree of landscape anthropization and ARG prevalence, confirming that ARGs are important indicators of wildlife exposure to human activity/presence, with a widespread distribution.
- Published
- 2020
17. Genética y conservación de tres especies de fauna silvestre chilenas amenazadas, distribuidas en la ecorregión de bosque valdiviano: Pudu puda, Lycalopex fulvipes y Rhinoderma darwinii
- Author
-
Cabello Stom, Javier Eduardo
- Subjects
Gestión forestal - Abstract
La ecorregión valdiviana o de bosque templado lluvioso de Valdivia representa uno de los cinco mayores ecosistemas de este tipo en el mundo y el único de América del Sur, alberga una gran biodiversidad y un alto nivel de especies endémicas, formando parte de un paisaje característico que ha sido influenciado por los procesos glaciares del pleistoceno, sobre todo en la Patagonia. La biodiversidad en esta Ecorregión está desapareciendo a un ritmo veloz, debido a diferentes causas de origen antrópico, poniendo en riesgo de extinción a varias especies de fauna nativa como el pudú (Pudu puda), el zorro chilote (Lycalopex fulvipes) y la ranita de Darwin (Rhinoderma darwinii). La UICN reconoce la necesidad de conservar la biodiversidad en sus tres niveles: ecosistemas, especies y genes. Si se ignoran los factores genéticos en la gestión de especies amenazadas es probable que se produzcan acciones inadecuadas para su subsistencia. La genética de la conservación se ocupa de las aplicaciones genéticas y evolutivas a los problemas de conservación. La pérdida de variabilidad genética en una población lleva a una disminución del potencial adaptativo de ésta, aumentando la probabilidad de extinción. De esta manera, la genética de la conservación trata de entender las relaciones genéticas de las especies para gestionar las poblaciones, asegurando la mantención de la diversidad. En Chile existe un gran desconocimiento acerca de las especies de fauna nativa y los problemas que las amenazan, lo que dificulta poder instaurar acciones para preservarlas. El objetivo de esta tesis fue determinar la variabilidad genética y la estructura filogeográfica del pudú, el zorro chilote y la ranita de Darwin con el fin de aconsejar en la gestión para su conservación. Para ello se realizó un muestreo en gran parte del área de distribución de las especies colectando muestras de heces, pelo, cuero, sangre, músculo e hisopos bucales para extraer, amplificar y estudiar el ADN mediante PCR, secuenciación automática, genotipado y análisis informáticos, utilizando y diseñando marcadores moleculares mitocondriales y nucleares. En el zorro chilote además se realizó una búsqueda de patógenos, utilizando técnicas moleculares, que pudiesen ser una amenaza para su conservación. Se logró diseñar marcadores moleculares microsatélites para el pudú y el zorro chilote; determinar y evaluar la diversidad genética de las especies de estudio, contribuir a resolver la filogeografía de estas especies y su historia evolutiva y pesquisar agentes patógenos en el zorro chilote. Tanto para el pudú como la ranita de Darwin los aspectos genéticos actuales no parecen ser una amenaza para su preservación pues ambas especies muestran una variabilidad genética elevada. Muy diferente es lo ocurrido con el zorro chilote que presenta una diversidad genética extremadamente baja y poblaciones fragmentadas, lo que supone una amenaza adicional. A esto se suma el hallazgo de agentes infecciosos que pudiesen afectar su estado sanitario. La alta estructuración poblacional y la gran diversidad genética encontrada en el pudú y la ranita de Darwin, se relaciona directamente con la compleja historia y estructura orogénica de esa zona y con los procesos glaciares del pleistoceno. De esta manera estas especies coinciden en un patrón filogeográfico pudiendo haber compartido algunos refugios glaciares patagónicos. En todas las especies estudiadas se reconocen varias Unidades Evolutivamente Significativas (UESs), que deben ser consideradas y tratadas de manera independiente en cualquier plan de conservación, para proteger y mantener el potencial evolutivo sin homogeneizar el fondo genético. De la misma manera, es importante asegurar la mantención de hábitats adecuados para asegurar la subsistencia de cada una de estas UESs. Finalmente, en los programas de reproducción ex situ tanto con fines científicos como recreativos o productivos, debiesen considerar el mantener las líneas evolutivas mencionadas que puedan servir como reservorio ante eventualidades que mermen las poblaciones silvestres.
- Published
- 2019
18. HOW MANY SPECIES OF GREY FOXES (CANIDAE, CARNIVORA) ARE THERE IN SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA?
- Author
-
M. Amelia, Chemisquy, primary, Cabello Stom, Javier E., primary, Francisco J., Prevosti, additional, Martínez, Pablo, additional, Raimondi, Vanina, additional, Acosta-Jamett, Gerardo, additional, and Montoya-Burgos, Juan I., additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Kit para la Conservación del Zorro Chilote: Exploradores del Bosque Nativo
- Author
-
Cabello-Stom, Javier, Chirgwin-Brown, Catherine, and Chiloé Silvestre ONG
- Subjects
Multidisciplinaria ,Ciencias Naturales - Abstract
Kit de productos de alta calidad y contenidos científico, dirigidos a distintos públicos, que incluye: 1 exposición interactiva; 1 libro de juegos y contenidos científicos; Set de juegos didácticos en papel de fácil reproducción y una serie de 3 cápsulas Concurso Nacional Proyectos de Valoración y Divulgación de la Cy T Concurso Nacional Proyectos de Valoración y Divulgación de la Cy T XVIII Concurso de Proyectos XVIII Concurso de Proyectos EXPLORA EXPLORA
- Published
- 2014
20. Molecular identification of a novel gammaherpesvirus in the endangered Darwin's fox (Lycalopex fulvipes)
- Author
-
Panthera Foundation, Scott Neotropical Fund, Universidad de Chile, Felidae Conservation Fund, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Cabello-Stom, Javier, Esperón, Fernando, Dávila, José A., Millán, Javier, Panthera Foundation, Scott Neotropical Fund, Universidad de Chile, Felidae Conservation Fund, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Cabello-Stom, Javier, Esperón, Fernando, Dávila, José A., and Millán, Javier
- Abstract
We report the detection and characterization of a novel gammaherpesvirus in the critically endangered Darwin's fox (Lycalopex fulvipes; syn. Pseudalopex fulvipes) on Chiloé Island, Chile. Out of 28 analysed blood samples stored in alcohol, four were positive for this herpesvirus using a previously described pan-herpesvirus PCR assay targeting the herpesvirus DNA polymerase. Positive samples were subsequently characterized by means of a PCR targeting a 500 bp fragment of the glycoprotein B of the gammaherpesviruses. This novel herpesvirus was most closely related to other gammaherpesviruses from terrestrial carnivores, and is tentatively named Darwin's fox gammaherpesvirus. No apparent lesions were observed in the surveyed foxes. This is the first report of a gammaherpesvirus infecting a canid worldwide, and also of one infecting a carnivore from South America.
- Published
- 2013
21. Lack of Exposure to Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Chilean Cervids, and Evidence of a New Mycobacterium-Like Sequence
- Author
-
Ezequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso, Francisco Ruiz-Fons, Javier Cabello-Stom, Nathalie Ramírez, Rodrigo López, Fernanda Sánchez, Myra Mansell, Carlos Sánchez, Javier A. Simonetti, Diego Peñaranda, Gregor Stipicic, Dario Moreira-Arce, Aintzane Cariñanos, Ismael Barría, Alejandra Silva, Javier Millán, Fernando Esperón, Asociación Kauyeken, European Commission, J. M. Kaplan Fund, Buinzoo, Universidad San Sebastián, Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel [0000-0002-1291-514X], Ruiz Fons, Francisco [0000-0002-0820-5292], Cabello-Stom, Javier [0000-0002-5712-8502], Ramírez, Nathalie [0000-0002-0682-3548], Simonetti, Javier A [0000-0002-7238-4133], Moreira-Arce, Dario [0000-0002-1188-496X], Barría, Ismael [0000-0002-3305-9872], Esperón, Fernando [0000-0002-8810-5071], Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel, Ruiz Fons, Francisco, Cabello-Stom, Javier, Ramírez, Nathalie, Simonetti, Javier A, Moreira-Arce, Dario, Barría, Ismael, and Esperón, Fernando
- Subjects
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis ,Ecology ,Deer ,Mycobacterium avium subsp ,Paratuberculosis ,Animals ,Cattle Diseases ,Cattle ,Chile ,Tuberculosis, Bovine ,Mycobacterium bovis ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
5 Pág. Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Screening of serum and fecal samples from huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) and pudu (Pudu puda) from southern Chile for Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP) found all but four samples Mycobacterium-negative. The positive sequences showed only 92-93% similarity with MAP and were from remote Isla Riesco populations., This work was supported by Asociacion Kauyeken through Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Regional Project 5961 and the J. M. Kaplan Fund, Buin Zoo, NGO Chiloe Silvestre, Universidad San Sebastian-Sede Puerto Mont and ANID/CONICYT Fondecyt 3160056 and 11181180 (to D.M.-A.), and Estancia Anita Beatriz
- Published
- 2022
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.