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The training of Physical Education and Sport teachers faces a constant challenge to carry out effective learning. The study of research methodology emerges as an essential cornerstone. This field of study allows future teachers to address problems, make decisions under reflective criteria and promote evidence-based practices. Objective: to review the scientific literature published in the Web of Science and Scopus databases on teaching scientific research in Physical Education and Sport teacher education in a date range of 2019-2023. Method: It was structured using the PRISMA flowchart. The basic search terminology was: "Teaching of Sport Science Research"; keywords: "Investigation"; "Research; "Physical Edu cation" and Sport. Inclusion criteria were: Open Access articles from journals with a date range of 2019-2023; area: Education Research and Sport Sciences; Social Science and Health Professions. Proceedings of congresses, conferences and documents that do not correspond to the object of study were excluded. Results: a total of n=13 publications of interest were obtained that address some aspects, such as: perceptions, experiences, critical analysis, and research teaching methods. Conclusions: The acquisition of research skills is a long process, if we want to optimize the teaching of scientific research in the training of Physical Education and Sport teachers, practical action methodologies should be applied. There are very few studies published in relation to the study variables, La formación del profesorado de Educación Física y Deporte se enfrenta a un desafío constante para llevar a cabo un aprendizaje efectivo. El estudio de la metodología de la investigación se perfila como un pilar fundamental. Este campo de estudio permite a los futuros docentes abordar problemas, tomar decisiones bajo criterios reflexivos y promover prácticas basadas en evidencia. Objetivo: revisar la literatura científica publicada en las bases de datos Web of Science y Scopus sobre la enseñanza de la investigación científica en la formación del profesorado de Educación Física y Deporte en un rango de fechas 2019-2023. Método: Se estructuró utilizando el diagrama de flujo PRISMA. La terminología básica de búsqueda fue: “Teaching of Sport Science Research”; palabras clave: "Investigación"; "Investigación; "Educación Física" y Deporte. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: Artículos en Acceso Abierto de revistas con rango de fechas 2019-2023; área: Investigación en Educación y Ciencias del Deporte; Ciencias Sociales y Profesiones de la Salud. Actas de congresos, jornadas y documentos que no corresponden al objeto de estudio. Resultados: se obtuvieron un total de n=13 publicaciones de interés que abordan algunos aspectos, tales como: percepciones, experiencias, análisis crítico y métodos de enseñanza de la investigación. Conclusiones: La adquisición de la investigación. habilidades es un proceso largo, si queremos optimizar la enseñanza de la investigación científica en la formación del profesorado de Educación Física y Deporte se deben aplicar metodologías de actuación práctica. Existen muy pocos estudios publicados en relación con las variables de estudio

The photodissociation dynamics of methylamine (CH3NH2) upon excitation in the blue edge of the first absorption A-band, in the 198-203 nm range, are investigated by means of nanosecond pump-probe laser pulses and velocity map imaging combined with H(2S)-atom detection through resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization. The images and corresponding translational energy distributions for the H-atoms produced show three different contributions associated with three reaction pathways. The experimental results are complemented by high-level ab initio calculations. The potential energy curves computed as a function of the N-H and C-H bond distances allow us to draw a picture of the different mechanisms. Major dissociation occurs through N-H bond cleavage and it is triggered by an initial geometrical change, i.e., from a pyramidal configuration of the C-NH2 with respect to the N atom to a planar geometry. The molecule is then driven into a conical intersection (CI) seam where three outcomes can take place: first, threshold dissociation into the second dissociation limit, associated with the formation of CH3NH(Ã), is observed; second, direct dissociation after passage through the CI leading to the formation of ground state products; and third, internal conversion into the ground state well in advance to dissociation. While the two last pathways were previously reported at a variety of wavelengths in the 203-240 nm range, the former had not been observed before to the best of our knowledge. The role of the CI and the presence of an exit barrier in the excited state, which modify the dynamics leading the two last mechanisms, are discussed considering the different excitation energies used.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has warned in recent years about child physical inactivity. The pandemic caused by COVID-19 meant in many countries the establishment of a period of confinement with the deprivation of movement of children. The aim of this paper is to analyse whether, during the period of confinement, the WHO recommendations regarding sleep, physical activity and the use of technological devices in children under 5 years of age resident in Spain were met. The sample was composed of 280 Spanish children. The results confirm high values in the use of screens, especially television (M = 65.33), followed by tablets (M = 17.10) and mobile phones (M = 8.34). Physical activity levels were detected to be lower than recommended, with an average of 31.81 minutes versus the recommended 180 minutes. As for sleep hours, the recommendations were minimally fulfilled (M = 10.73; SD = 1.72). It is concluded that the period of confinement may have been an obstacle to complying with WHO recommendations regarding the practice of physical activity and screens in children under 5 years of age, which may have further aggravated the health of children in relation to pathologies associated with sedentary life.

The photodissociation dynamics and photofragment alignment of bromoiodomethane (CH2BrI) have been studied at 193 nm using a double experimental and theoretical approach. In addition, the ultraviolet (UV)-vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) absorption spectrum of gas phase CH2BrI has been measured in the photon energy range of 5-11 eV using the VUV Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) at the VUV beamline DESIRS of the synchrotron SOLEIL facility. The slice imaging technique in combination with resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) detection of the Br(2PJ) and I(2PJ) (with J = 3/2 and 1/2 for Br/I and Br*/I*, respectively) atomic photofragments have been used to produce experimental translational energy and angular distributions, which were analyzed to deliver, on one hand, the partitioning of the available energy among the different degrees-of-freedom of the photofragments and, on the other, the photofragment polarization in terms of aqk(p) alignment parameters. The experimental measurements were rationalized in terms of high-level ab initio calculations of vertical excitation energies, transition dipole moments and potential energy curves (PECs) along different reaction coordinates to provide a complete picture of the photodissociation dynamics. The results indicate that for excitation at 193 nm, prompt C-X cleavage (with X being either halogen atom, Br or I) competes with fast internal conversion and consequent stochastic dissociation in lower electronic states. In the case of the CH2Br + I(2P3/2)/I*(2P1/2) channels, the dynamics are greatly biased toward the stochastic dissociation process due to both the particular PECs landscape and the unfavored excitation of the CH2BrI ensemble with respect to the C-I molecular axis at this excitation energy. The ab initio PECs provide a tentative path for the fast dissociation process in either case. For the C-Br bond breakage, excitation to the 13A' electronic state and predissociation through the 11A'/11A″ or 12A'/12A″ sta

The study of emotions, learning and psychomotor profile is currently under development, but it has not been very numerous in preschool-age populations. Based on this, this work is proposed with the objectives of analysing emotional intelligence and psychomotor characteristics of a school population of children under 5 years old and establishing the relationships between psychomotor and intelligence parameters with sociodemographic variables. Sixty-two pre-schoolers between the ages of two and three (2.78 ± 0.42 years) in the city of Riobamba in Ecuador participated in this non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional study. They were administered the psychomotor battery (BMP) by Da Fonseca (1975), and the EKAT (Emotion Knowledge and Awareness Test) adapted to the child population by Rossi (2016). The results showed that most of the participants presented a normal psychomotor profile and had no learning difficulties, while the faces generated greater knowledge in which they looked annoyed and surprised. Work of this type promotes knowledge at a physical and cognitive level of elements that affect schoolchildren and that could have repercussions at a later age.

The search for motivation for physical activity is always relevant, competitive advantages in the labour market are one of type of such motivation. This article presents the application of the developed method for identifying professionally important qualities as components of a student’s competency levels and their physical activity levels. 314 Ukrainian students, 442 of their parents and 104 professionals who have subordinates in the fields of education and technology were reviewed. We have detailed well-known studies in the field of professionally important qualities. In spite of this, it has been identified that professionals in general are mildly interested in the qualities obtained through a student’s physical activity. Wherein the lower r value between the weight of qualities mentioned by the athletes and their parents in comparison with the r value between the weight of qualities mentioned by non-athletes and their parents reveals an increased social mobility rate of athletes.

This research aims to obtain knowledge of the perception of last year´s students’ in Pre-primary and Primary Education Degrees and Secondary Education, Vocational Education and Languages Education in Teachers University Master (better known as Training Teachers Master or Secondary Education Master) at Jaen University (UJA) and the National Distance Education University (UNED), about the most important competences in their learning process. Those competences allow students to develop their knowledge and practice, in order to be capable of dealing with those real demands that surround them. In order to achieve this, we use a descriptive methodology. We apply an ad hoc, pre-designed questionnaire,(n=638). The results reveal a positive opinion in students in relation to competences and how those competences are developed within their classrooms or Study centers. In addition to that, students present some proposals to boost the improvement of competences. They invite teachers to innovate and to create new educative models that allow them to achieve an optimal development as future professionals., Este trabajo pretende dar a conocer la percepción del alumnado de 4º curso en los Grados de Educación Infantil, Educación Primaria y Máster Universitario en Profesorado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanza de Idiomas (más conocido como Máster en Formación del Profesorado o Máster de Secundaria) de la Universidad de Jaén (UJA) y la Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), acerca de las competencias de mayor importancia en su proceso formativo, que les permiten desarrollar sus conocimientos y ponerlos en práctica para ser competentes ante las demandas del entorno real al que se han de enfrentar en el futuro. Para ello, se utiliza una metodología descriptiva, aplicándose un cuestionario ad hoc, previamente diseñado (n=638). Los resultados obtenidos revelan una opinión satisfactoria de los estudiantes ante las competencias y la manera en que se llevan a la práctica dentro de sus aulas o centros de estudio. Además, el alumnado presenta algunas propuestas para propiciar la mejora de las competencias, invitando a los profesores a innovar y crear nuevos modelos educativos que permitan a los estudiantes alcanzar un desarrollo óptimo como futuros profesionales.

The objective of this study was to compare the corporal composition and the explosive strength capacity of lower limbs in primary school students from two different schools in the locality of Martos (Jaén). One of these schools was located in a marginalized neighbourhood where families of low socioeconomic status lived and the other was near the town centre with families of medium to high socioeconomic status. The aim was to evaluate these variables at two different moments in time, i.e., at the beginning and at the end of the school year, to see if the obtained results remained the same. A total of 147 primary school students (6–12 years old) participated in the study, divided into 4 subgroups, according to sex and school. Body composition and explosive strength capacity of the lower limbs were evaluated using the vertical jump test. For independent samples, T tests were performed to obtain the existing differences through the SPSS v 19.0 programme. It was found that according to the first measurement at the beginning of the year, participants from a medium-high socioeconomic background obtained better results, while the second measurement showed that results equalized and even reversed. This could have been due to the level of performed physical activity.

The footballer needs to utilise useful psychological tools along his/her sports career. The avatars footballers need to overcome when facing their tasks make them resort, in many occasions, to the search and use of psychological techniques, such as visualisation or goal-setting, which are going to influence their sports performance. The aim of this study is to analyse to what extent these psychological techniques of visualisation and goal-setting are used in footballers in terms of how they are applied and when they are used. The sample is made up of 25 footballers who play in the tenth group of the third division of the Spanish Football League. For the analysis of the use of visualisation and goal-setting, several scales from Psychological Characteristics Questionnaire related to Sports Performance (CPRD) as well as from LOEHR Psychological Sports Performance Inventory have been used. Some of the conclusions reached are that almost the entire team mentally trains to improve their performances, that this is done with clarity and that implementation proves to be easy. Moreover, more than half of the team uses the goal-setting technique, whose achivement depends on oneself.

The objective of this work is to know the characteristics of the federated sport anglers who practice the method of fishing known as Carpfishing. The sample is composed of 47 anglers, (n=47) of different fishing clubs that practice the method of Carpfishing in Spain. The investigation was carried out with a quantitative design that was both transversal and descriptive. A descriptive analysis was done in which values of frequency and percentage were found. In the second place, the ANOVA test was performed to compare the differences between groups. The results demonstrate that significant differences were found in distinct items in accordance to the grouping variables analyzed. Among the conclusions, it is pointed out that in relation to the psychophysical characteristics related to the sport that the anglers try to spend as little time as possible without sleeping during a competition.

The influence of sedentarism on the increase in obesity can now be confirmed. In this sense, attention should be paid to the importance of those working in school environments. The sample group was made up of 2,956 participants from 19 schools in the province of Granada. The aim of this study was to determine levels of obesity, spinal alterations and ocular pathologies in the Primary school population of the province of Granada (Spain) as well as any possible gender and age related variations. The results showed that 26.3% of the schoolchildren suffered from obesity, 24.5% from spinal disorders (16% with scoliosis and 8.5% with hyperkyphosis) and 12.5% from myopia. By pathologies, it should be mentioned that the children with hyperkyphosis were more obese and, in addition, the myopia variable did not related with body mass index levels. The results indicate the need to develop training and physical exercise programmes to prevent and treat child obesity, and spinal alterations.