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5. Research progress in mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins and ischemic stroke

Author

Li Tingting, Wang Qinpeng, Liu Xiaoqing, Cai Ke, Wei Yangyang, Liang Cheng

Subjects
ischemia and hypoxia, mitochondrial dynamics, oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, apoptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, Medicine
Abstract

Ischemic stroke is a common acute cerebrovascular disease in clinical practice， which poses a severe threat to human health. In recent years， with deepening understanding of ischemic stroke， significant progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment. However， current treatments for ischemic stroke are partially limited due to extremely complex pathological mechanisms. Studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Therefore， modulation of mitochondrial function through mitochondrial dynamics is essential to ameliorate the damage of cerebral ischemic neuronal cells. In this article， the molecular mechanism of mitochondrial dynamics and its role in ischemic stroke were reviewed， aiming to provide useful reference for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

Published
2024
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34. Branched‐Chain Amino Acids Deficiency Promotes Diabetic Neuropathic Pain Through Upregulating LAT1 and Inhibiting Kv1.2 Channel.

Author

Zhou, Ze‐Yu, Wang, Ji‐Ying, Li, Zhi‐Xiao, Zheng, Hong‐Li, Zhou, Ya‐Nan, Huang, Li‐Na, Wang, Li‐Juan, Ding, Xiao‐Wei, Sun, Xin, Cai, Ke, Zhao, Rui, Shi, Yan, Chen, Alex F., Pan, Zhi‐Qiang, Cao, Jing, Lin, Fu‐Qing, and Zhao, Jian‐Yuan

Subjects
DORSAL root ganglia, DIABETES complications, AMINO acids, NEURALGIA, GENE expression
Abstract

Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP), one of the most common complications of diabetes, is characterized by bilateral symmetrical distal limb pain and substantial morbidity. To compare the differences is aimed at serum metabolite levels between 81 DNP and 73 T2DM patients without neuropathy and found that the levels of branched‐chain amino acids (BCAA) are significantly lower in DNP patients than in T2DM patients. In high‐fat diet/low‐dose streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)‐induced T2DM and leptin receptor‐deficient diabetic (db/db) mouse models, it is verified that BCAA deficiency aggravated, whereas BCAA supplementation alleviated DNP symptoms. Mechanistically, using a combination of RNA sequencing of mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) tissues and label‐free quantitative proteomic analysis of cultured cells, it is found that BCAA deficiency activated the expression of L‐type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) through ATF4, which is reversed by BCAA supplementation. Abnormally upregulated LAT1 reduced Kv1.2 localization to the cell membrane, and inhibited Kv1.2 channels, thereby increasing neuronal excitability and causing neuropathy. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of the LAT1 inhibitor, BCH, alleviated DNP symptoms in mice, confirming that BCAA‐deficiency‐induced LAT1 activation contributes to the onset of DNP. These findings provide fresh insights into the metabolic differences between DNP and T2DM, and the development of approaches for the management of DNP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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48. Monitoring Greenhouses Gases over China Using Space-Based Observations

Author

Hartmut BOESCH,Yi LIU,Paul I PALMER,Johanna TAMMINEN,Jasdeep S ANAND,Zhaonan CAI,Ke CHE,Huilin CHEN,Xi CHEN,Liang FENG,Janne HAKKARAINEN,Pauli HEIKKINEN,Nikoleta KALAITZI,Rigel KIVI,Robert PARKER,Peter SOMKUTI,Jing WANG,Alex WEBB,Dongxu YANG,Lu YAO,You YI

Subjects
carbon cycle, spectroscopy, satellite remote sensing, Science, Geodesy, QB275-343
Abstract

The atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration has increased to more than 405 parts per million (ppm. 1ppm=10-6m/s2) in 2017 due to human activities such as deforestation, land-use change and burning of fossil fuels. Although there is broad scientific consensus on the damaging consequences of the change in climate associated with increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, fossil CO2 emissions have continued to increase in recent years mainly from rapidly developing economies and China is now the largest emitter of CO2 generating about 30% of all emissions globally. To allow more reliable forecast of the future state of the carbon cycle and to support the efforts for mitigation greenhouse gas emissions, a better understanding of the global and regional carbon budget is needed. Space-based measurements of CO2 can provide the necessary observations with dense coverage and sampling to provide improved constrains on of carbon fluxes and emissions. The Chinese Global Carbon Dioxide Monitoring Scientific Experimental Satellite (TanSat) was established by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China with the main objective of monitoring atmospheric CO2 and CO2 fluxes at the regional and global scale. TanSat has been successfully launched in December 2016 and as part of the Dragon programme of ESA and the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), a team of researchers from Europe (UK and Finland) and China has evaluated early TanSat data and contrast it against data from the GOSAT mission and models. In this manuscript, we report on retrieval intercomparisons of TanSat data using two different retrieval algorithms, on validation efforts for the Eastern Asia region using GOSAT CO2 data and first assessments of TanSat and GOSAT CO2 data against model calculations using the GEOS-Chem model.

Published
2020
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