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This passage provides an analysis of Apple Inc.’s marketing strategies, focusing on its advertising and product marketing tactics, as well as its approach to celebrity and film marketing. It highlights Apple’s emphasis on simplicity and minimalism in its advertising campaigns, utilizing short, memorable slogans and a clean design aesthetic. The passage also discusses Apple’s use of secrecy and mystery surrounding product launches to generate consumer curiosity and anticipation. Additionally, it addresses Apple’s engagement with filmmakers to feature its products in movies and TV shows, further enhancing brand visibility. The passage concludes with suggestions for Apple, including the importance of understanding consumer needs, maintaining brand loyalty, and developing a comprehensive marketing strategy that addresses various factors influencing consumer behavior.

ObjectiveTo analyze the feasibility， reliability and validity of the disability assessment for dementia scale for the elderly.MethodsA total of 290 dementia patients from 17 survey sites in 13 districts and counties of Chengdu were enrolled by convenient sampling method， and they were assessed using demographic data inventory， Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE）， Neuropsychiatric Inventory （NPI）， Physical Self-Maintenance Scale （PSMS） and disability assessment for dementia scale for the elderly. Cronbach's α coefficient， Spearman-Brown coefficient， Guttman split-half coefficient and test-retest reliability were used to evaluate the internal consistency of above scales. Criterion-related validity of the scale was analyzed based on MMSE， NPI and PSMS.ResultsA total of 276 patients （95.17%） completed valid questionnaires. The intraclass correlation coefficient of the total score and each dimension were between 0.828~0.976， the Spearman-Brown coefficient were between 0.790~0.917， the Guttman split-half coefficient were between 0.812~0.857， and the Cronbach’s α coefficient were between 0.737~0.886. The cognitive function dimension score was positively correlated with the MMSE score （r=0.948， P

Background: How the functional interactions of the basal ganglia/thalamus with the cerebral cortex and the cerebellum change over the adult lifespan in movie‐watching and resting‐state is less clear. Purpose: To investigate the functional changes in the organization of the human cortical–subcortical functional networks over the adult lifespan using movie‐watching and resting‐state fMRI data. Study Type: Cohort. Subjects: Healthy 467 adults (cross‐sectional individuals aged 18–88 years) from the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (www.cam-can.com). Field Strength/Sequence: fMRI using a gradient‐echo echo‐planar imaging (EPI) sequence at 3 T. Assessment: Functional connectivities (FCs) of the subcortical subregions (i.e. the basal ganglia and thalamus) with both the cerebral cortex and cerebellum were examined in fMRI data acquired during resting state and movie‐watching. And, fluid intelligence scores were also assessed. Statistical Tests: Student's t‐tests, false discovery rate (FDR) corrected. Results: As age increased, FCs that mainly within the basal ganglia and thalamus, and between the basal ganglia/thalamus and cortical networks (including the dorsal attention, ventral attention, and limbic networks) were both increased/decreased during movie‐watching and resting states. However, FCs showed a state‐dependent component with advancing age. During the movie‐watching state, the FCs between the basal ganglia/thalamus and cerebellum/frontoparietal control networks were mainly increased with age, and the FCs in the somatomotor network were decreased with age. During the resting state, the FCs between the basal ganglia/thalamus and default mode/visual networks were mainly increased with age, and the FCs in the cerebellum were mainly decreased with age. Moreover, inverse relationships between FCs and fluid intelligence were mainly found in these network regions. Data Conclusion: Our study may suggest that changes in cortical–subcortical functional networks across the adult lifespan were both state‐dependent and stable traits, and that aging fMRI studies should consider the effects of both physiological characteristics and individual situations. Evidence Level: 2. Technical Efficacy: Stage 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Previous studies on homocysteine have verified higher homocysteine may adversely influence cognition performance in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), whereas the potential mechanisms for this relationship are still unclear. Method: We analyzed data from 23 individuals with SCD enrolled in the 500 nm light therapy cohort who filled the 12 items Everyday Cognition scale (ECog‐12) and had plasma homocysteine levels assessed at the time of their baseline 3T MRI scans. Gyrification and cortical thickness were obtained by using whole brain region of interest (ROI)‐based approach with the CAT12 toolbox (in SPM12). Statistical analyses used one‐sample t‐test including age and sex as covariates. Regions of significant group effects were used as regions of interest for cognitive performance analyses. Result: At corrected thresholds (p < 0.05, Holm‐Bonferroni‐corrected), there were significant negative correlations between homocysteine and gyrification in the left temporal pole (p = 0.012000) and right inferior temporal sulcus (p = 0.012268). For cortical thickness, we found a significant positive correlation of homocysteine and cortical thickness in the right inferior temporal sulcus (p = 0.032744). In addition, a significant positive correlation was found between the self‐report ECog‐12 scores and gyrification of the left temporal pole. Conclusion: Homocysteine alters local surface shape in temporal lobule in SCD patients and localized low gyrification may imply impaired self‐awareness of everyday cognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Apolipoproteins and cortical morphology are closely associated with memory complaints, and both may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease., Objective: To examine whether apolipoprotein B (ApoB), apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1), and their ratio (ApoB/ApoA1) are associated with cortical morphology in patients with memory complaints., Methods: Ninety-seven patients underwent neuropsychological testing, measurements of ApoB, ApoA1, ApoB/ApoA1, plasma Alzheimer's biomarker, apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotyping, and 3T structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) scans. Based on sMRI scanning locations, patients were categorized into the University of Electronic Science and Technology (UESTC) and the Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu (FPHC). The Computational Anatomy Toolbox within Statistical Parametric Mapping was used to calculate each patient's cortical morphology index based on sMRI data. The cortical morphology index and apolipoproteins were also analyzed., Results: Significant positive correlations were found between ApoB and sulcal depth in the lateral occipital cortex among the UESTC, the FPHC, and the total sample groups, and negative correlations were observed between sulcal depth in the lateral occipital cortex and the scores of the Shape Trails Test Part A and B. In the FPHC group, the scores of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic, delayed recall of the Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Animal Fluency Test and Boston Naming Test were positively correlated with the sulcal depth., Conclusions: ApoB is associated with the sulcal depth in the lateral occipital cortex, potentially relating to speed/executive function in individuals with memory complaints.