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Diversifying cultivation management, including different crop rotation patterns and soil amendment, are effective strategies for alleviating the obstacles of continuous cropping in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). However, the peanut yield enhancement effect and temporal changes in soil chemical properties and microbial activities in response to differential multi-year crop rotation patterns and soil amendment remain unclear. In the present study, a multi-year localization experiment with the consecutive application of five different cultivation managements (including rotation with different crops under the presence or absence of external quicklime as soil amendment) was conducted to investigate the dynamic changes in peanut nutrient uptake and yield status, soil chemical property, microbial community composition and function. Peanut continuous cropping led to a reduction in peanut yield, while green manure-peanut rotation and wheat-maize-peanut rotation increased peanut yield by 40.59 and 81.95%, respectively. A combination of quicklime application increased yield by a further 28.76 and 24.34%. Alterations in cultivation management also strongly affected the soil pH, nutrient content, and composition and function of the microbial community. The fungal community was more sensitive than the bacterial community to cultivation pattern shift. Variation in bacterial community was mainly attributed to soil organic carbon, pH and calcium content, while variation in fungal community was more closely related to soil phosphorus content. Wheat-maize-peanut rotation combined with quicklime application effectively modifies the soil acidification environment, improves the soil fertility, reshapes the composition of beneficial and harmful microbial communities, thereby improving soil health, promoting peanut development, and alleviating peanut continuous cropping obstacles. We concluded that wheat-maize-peanut rotation in combination with quicklime application was the effective practice to improve the soil fertility and change the composition of potentially beneficial and pathogenic microbial communities in the soil, which is strongly beneficial for building a healthy soil micro-ecology, promoting the growth and development of peanut, and reducing the harm caused by continuous cropping obstacles to peanut.

When the PMSM motor rotates at high speed, the motor winding current contains a lot of harmonics, and the harmonic current will increase the heat of the motor, thereby reducing the operating efficiency and service life of the motor. In view of the above problems, in the EV motor control, a rotor speed observer based on model reference adaptation was designed. This method was taken the stator current equation containing rotor position parameters as adjustable model, and the stator current equation of the motor itself as adjustable model. The reference model was designed the adaptive rate based on the Popov superstability theory; at the same time, the feed-forward compensation based on the sliding mode observer was designed to suppress harmonics. The simulation and experimental results have shown that the method can effectively reduce the current harmonics, speed error and torque ripple content of the EV motor compared with the MRAS speed sensorless control.

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oilseed and leguminous crop. The effect of various forms of nitrogen (N) fertilizer on peanut N acquisition needs to be evaluated by clarifying the N sources from root system absorption and from root nodule fixation. In this study, four kinds of N fertilizers (CONH2–N, NH4+-N, NO3−-N, NH4++NO3−-N, labeled by 15N isotope) were used to quantify N absorption and N fixation of peanut, as well as, their relationships with peanut root morphological characteristics and root nodule properties. Results demonstrated that peanut of CONH2–N treatment held the highest N absorption and N fixation amounts, followed by NH4+-N, NH4++NO3−-N and NO3−-N treatments. Detailly, CONH2–N treatment significantly increased total root length/surface area (especially for fine root of 0–1.0 mm) and N absorption/fixation amounts, suggested that significant correlations were exist between root length/surface area and N absorption, as well as, between root nodule number/weight and N fixation. In addition, with the increase of total root length of 100 cm/plant and root surface area of 10 cm2/plant, N absorption amount of peanut was separately increased by 10.0 and 8.1 mg/plant. With the root nodule number and weight increased by 1.0 unit/plant and 10 mg/plant, N fixation amount of peanut was increased by 13.0 and 17.2 mg/plant during root nodule development. In general, CONH2–N is the optimal N fertilizer for peanut growth and development with the highest root N absorption and root nodule N fixation, and was suitable for the rational N management of peanut planting.

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a curative modality for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who are not suitable for resection. It remains controversial whether a surgical or percutaneous approach is more appropriate for HCC.Method: A search was performed on the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from the date of database inception until April 17, 2021. Studies reporting outcomes of comparisons between surgical RFA (SRFA) and percutaneous RFA (PRFA) were included in this study. The meta-analysis was performed using the Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 12.0 software.Result: A total of 10 retrospective studies containing 12 cohorts, involving 740 patients in the PRFA group and 512 patients in the SRFA group, were selected. Although the tumor size in PRFA group was smaller than the SRFA group (p = 0.007), there was no significant difference in complete ablation rate between the SRFA and PRFA groups (95.63% and 97.33%, respectively; Odds ratio [OR], 0.56; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.26–1.24; p = 0.15). However, the SRFA group showed a significantly lower local tumor recurrence than the PRFA group in the sensitivity analysis (28.7% in the PRFA group and 21.79% in the SRFA group, respectively; OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.14–2.95; p = 0.01). Pooled analysis data showed that the rate of severe perioperative complications did not differ significantly between the PRFA and SRFA groups (14.28% and 12.11%, respectively; OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.67-2.53; p = 0.44). There was no significant difference in the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates, as well as the 1- and 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) between the PRFA and SRFA groups. The 5-year DFS of the PRFA group was significantly lower than the SRFA group (hazard ratio 0.73; 95% CI 0.54–0.99).Conclusion: Based on our meta-analysis, the surgical route was superior to PRFA in terms of local control rate. Furthermore, the surgical approach did not increase the risk of major complications.

Abstract Background Dysregulation of fatty acid (FA) metabolism is involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. Non-POU domain-containing octamer binding protein (NONO), known as the component of nuclear paraspeckles, has recently been found to promote HCC progression. In this study, we investigated the functions of NONO in regulating de novo FA synthesis and its underling mechanism during HCC development. Methods The roles of NONO in HCC development by applying gene function loss analysis in HCC cells were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, cell proliferation, and cell invasion assays. The underlying mechanism of NONO in HCC development was examined by western blotting, subcellular fractionation, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation-sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation, co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. The effect of NONO on tumorigenesis in vivo was performed with a subcutaneous xenograft mouse model of HCC. Results NONO promotes HCC progression by interacting with and increasing ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) mRNA to enhance FA biosynthesis. Furthermore, NONO promotes ACLY expression through enhancing nuclear ACLY mRNA stability in Diethylnitrosamine-stimulated HCC cells, not related to nuclear paraspeckles. Moreover, we find that NONO/SFPQ (Splicing factor proline and glutamine rich) heterodimer is essential for NONO interacting with ACLY mRNA in DEN stimulated HCC cells. In addition, NONO, Insulin like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) and ACLY expressions contribute HCC development in mice and are related to poor survival. Conclusion NONO promotes HCC progression by enhancing FA biosynthesis through interacting with ACLY mRNA and provide a novel potential target for HCC therapy.

Through wheat interplanting with peanuts, it is able to make full use of the light and heat resources in the growing season to achieve high yield of both wheat and peanuts in two seasons of one year. Wheat interplanting with peanuts is one of the main cultivation methods of wheat and oil crop double cropping system, and has very broad development prospects in the Huang - Huai - Hai region. This paper summarized high-yield the high-efficiency and standardized cultivation techniques for wheat interplanting with peanuts, including crop rotation, proper deep ploughing, balanced fertilization, rational matching of fine varieties, interplanting at suitable time, sowing according to cenain specification, and enhancing the field management. This can be used as reference for high-yield and high-efficiency standardized cultivation technique for wheat interplanting with peanuts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper mainly studied the effects of different sowing dates and densities on the man agronomic traits and yield of Huayu 22 peanut under field conditions. The sowing date experiment obtained following results. ( i) From April 25 to May 25, with the delay of the sowing date, the main stem height, the number of branches per plant, the number of pods per plant, full-seed pod rate and the yield decreased in Dongming test site, while the sowing date had little effect on the double-seed pod rate, and the best sowing date was April 25 ; in Wendeng test site, with the delay of the sowing date, the main agronomic traits and yield were firstly increased and then decreased, the yield was highest on May 10, flowed by May 5 and April 30, the difference between the three treatments was not significant, and the appropriate sowing date was from April 30 to May 10, and the best sowing data was May 5. (ii) In the range of 90 000 - 210 000 holes/ha, with the increase of the density, the main stem height, lateral branch length and the number of pods per plant showed a decline trend, the density had little effect on the number of branches per plant, and the double-seed pod rate was the highest at 120 000 holes/ha, the yield and full-seed pod rate were the highest at 150 000 holes/ha, so the optimum density was 150 000 holes/ha. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single-seed sowing is a new, simple and efficient cultivation mode for peanut that realized from cultivation of healthy individual and construction of high-yielding population. The cultivation mode has the obvious advantages in uniform seedling, strong sprouting, seed saving and cost saving, thus it is considered as one of the effective ways for high-yield and high-efficient peanut cultivation in China in the future. Through integrating with other high-efficiency and simple cultivation measures, the single-seed sowing technology system has made conforming to Chinas national standardization cultivations of peanut and the technology was already applied in the main producing areas of peanut and gained the significant efficiency and abroad application prospects. Based on many years of researches in single-seed sowing technology, high-efficiency fertilization and scientific chemical control in the research team, by combining with the latest research results in plant protection and machinery, this paper described the key points and matters needing attentions from variety selection, planting mode, rational fertilization, planting specifications and field management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mechanization level of peanut production is the botdeneck restricting the development of peanut production in China, while integration of agronomy and agricultural machinery is an essential approach for improving mechanization level of peanut production. This paper elaborated requirements of peanut agronomy for agricultural machinery from peanut planting modes, land cultivation, sowing, harvesting, picking, and shelling, etc. Besides, it discussed requirements of agricultural machinery for agronomy frompeanut seed quality, variety characteristics, planting modes, and soil condition. In addition, it analyzed existing problems and restricting factors of integration of peanut agronomy and agricultural machinery. Finally, it came up with recommendations for development strategies including increasing government fund input, optimizing industrial distribution, and multidisciplinary joint research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Huayu 22 Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) belongs to ordinary large variety of peanut with high quality, high yield potential and high stress resistance. Study on nutrition characteristics, stress physiology and supporting techniques of Huayu 22 Peanut is conducive to further developing its application value in breeding and exploiting its high yield potential. Compared with Baisha 1016 Peanut, Huayu 22 Peanut has greater shade tolerance. In weak light, both the leaf area and rate of photosynthesis of Huayu 22 Peanut decline slightly, and damage of chloroplast ultramicrostructure is less, light compensation point and chloroplast ab are lower, and capturing and utilization efficiency of weak light are higher; after removal of shade, Huayu 22 Peanut plant gets recovered quickly with higher growth compensation effect but slight dropping of yield. Characteristics of N supply for Huayu 22 Peanut at different growth stages are as follows: N supply intensity of root nodule takes on unimodal curve with peak at pod bearing stage. The N supply intensity of soil takes on N shape with higher value at pegging stage and pod fiiling stage; N supply intensity takes on unimodal curve with peak at pegging stage. At seedling stage and pod fiiling stage, N is mainly supplied by soil; at pegging stage and pod bearing stage, N is supplied by root nodule. At whole growth stage, root nodule has the largest contribution to N supply, accounting for 50. 0%, foUowed by soil and fertilizer, and the proportion is about 5:3:2. The study established standardized supporting technique for simple cultivation of Huayu 22 Peanut with "single-seed planting, high effective fertilizer application, and three sprays and multi-prevention". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]