Impairment to the skeleton provides tangible traces that bioarchaeologists can study to understand disease and disability in the past. However, conceptions of disease and disability are more difficult to assess in bioarchaeological contexts. Here, we use the bioarchaeology of care approach to both understand disease and assess the presence of care in a Chilean woman with facial disfigurement from the Solcor 3 cemetery in northern Chile. Changes in the skull include separation of the mandible, destructive lesions at the maxilla and parietal bones, and morphological alterations to the rhinomaxillary region. Based on skeletal alterations, we consider clinical effects, including probable pain, changes to circulation, nerve damage, and functional impacts, including food consumption and communication. Drawing on early ethnic Andean ethnographic material, we contextualize the bony changes observed here with conceptions of disease and disability in prehistoric Chile to understand the influence these had for her social identities. We argue that because early ethnic Andean culture understands social offenses as the cause of sickness, healers and healing rituals afforded this woman a socially "healthy" identity, as reflected in her normative mortuary practices. Through combining the observed physical alterations to this woman's skull and her mortuary practices and goods, we conclude that while clinical and functional effects are evident, her lived experience was not necessarily defined or altered by impairment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]