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Only few studies have investigated microplastic pollution at a few meters from shore, mainly due to methodological limitations such as limited access to bathing areas with motorized vessels. Land-sourced plastics first encounter the nearshore, where they effectively breakdown into smaller pieces such as microplastics ( Also see: https://micro2022.sciencesconf.org/427235/document, In MICRO 2022, Online Atlas Edition: Plastic Pollution from MACRO to nano

There is an ongoing critical need to gather scientifically robust datasets on floating plastic abundances and characteristics making use of the citizen science, as it provides clear advantages over conventional science by operating at long and wide spatiotemporal scales, reducing project costs and raising awareness. In 2019 we designed a low-cost, lightweight manta trawl to collect samples in the nearshore from recreational sports floating gear like SUP boards, kayaks, rowing boats, and others. Starting from 2020, several social, environmental and sports associations along the NW Mediterranean coast have been acquiring scientific samples. The project has represented a paradigm shift in microplastic research, allowing to fill the gap in knowledge of this transition coastal area, and actively involving citizens in the generation of genuine scientific outcomes. Starting from September 2022 the project has broadened horizons and new associations are collecting samples in the Cantabrian Sea, in the Atlantic. Our findings show considerable microplastic pollution in nearshore waters specially in Barcelona, and a high spatial and temporal variability. Furthermore, we have found that communication and dissemination are fundamental to the success of a citizen science project. We have designed some tools to reach and keep participants actively engaged and increase project's visibility and project's scientific results and outcomes. Samples obtained and data generated in the project have been deposited following the FAIR principles and can be viewed in the social media (Instagram account @SufringforSciencelab) and in a t-shirt to test non-verbal communication, and can be graphed and mapped (App https://litter.shinyapps.io/surfingforscience/), and downloaded (de Haan et al., 2022 Environ. Res. Lett. 17 045018). However, we still face some limitations and challenges, specially regarding the difficulties in engaging with policy makers and the low access to national research resources for citizen science projects. Also see: https://micro2022.sciencesconf.org/426982/document, In MICRO 2022, Online Atlas Edition: Plastic Pollution from MACRO to nano

Here we present results from sediment traps that separate particles as a function of their settling velocity, which were moored in the Canary Current region over a 1.5-year period. This study represents the longest time series using "in situ" particle settling velocity traps to date and are unique in providing year-round estimates. We find that, at least during half of the year in subtropical waters (the largest ocean domain), more than 60% of total particulate organic carbon is contained in slowly settling particles (0.7-11 m d⁻¹). Analyses of organic biomarkers reveal that these particles have the same degradation state, or are even fresher than rapidly sinking particles. Thus, if slowly settling particles dominate the exportable carbon pool, most organic matter would be respired in surface waters, acting as a biological source of CO₂ susceptible to exchange with the atmosphere. In the context of climate change, if the predicted changes in phytoplankton community structure occur, slowly settling particles would be favored, affecting the strength of the biological pump in the ocean.

Treball Final de Grau en Mestre o Mestra d'Educació Primària. Codi: MP1040. Curs acadèmic: 2019/2020 En este trabajo se realiza un estudio sobre los hábitos saludables en los niños y niñas de un centro educativo. En este caso, nuestro estudio se ha basado en el alumnado de 6º de primaria del CEIP Novenes de Calatrava. La propuesta de intervención de este Trabajo de Fin de Grado se ha realizado considerando la importancia que tienen los hábitos saludables en los jóvenes. Se intentará guiar a los alumnos/as hacia un estilo de vida saludable mediante la actividad física y una buena alimentación. En la actualidad, existe multitud de nuevas tecnologías que con su buen uso aportan muchos aspectos positivos en los jóvenes, pero, al contrario, también ha creado un gran impacto sobre ellos debido al excesivo tiempo que usan estas tecnologías fomentando, así, el sedentarismo. Estos, a menudo, hacen un mal uso de ellas pasando horas y horas frente a una pantalla utilizando las redes sociales, juegos virtuales, la televisión, etc. Todo ello está perjudicando a la actividad física necesaria en los niños/as. Por otro lado, la obesidad infantil es un tópico cada vez más desarrollado en muchos jóvenes que, debido a su mala alimentación, obtienen una acumulación excesiva de grasa en el cuerpo. Debido a esto, en nuestro trabajo se realizará un cuestionario sobre la alimentación que tiene cada alumnado, el tiempo dedicado a la actividad física y, finalmente, a las nuevas tecnologías. Una vez sabido todo esto, realizaremos propuestas de intervención para promover en ellos hábitos saludables.

[cat] Els fons marins del Parc Nacional de l’Arxipèlag de Cabrera presenten una notable diversitat pel que fa al seu relleu, amb una marcada asimetria tant est-oest com nord-sud. Així, els fons situats a l’est dels illots septentrionals configuren una extensa planassa delimitada per la isòbata de 55 m, damunt la qual s’hi desenvolupen un seguit de barres i crestes cimentades, amb ones de sediment gegants intercalades. En canvi, cap a l’oest, es guanya profunditat ràpidament. Al nord de l’arxipèlag les fondàries són sensiblement menors que no pas al sud, on a molt poca distància de la costa s’assoleixen els 100 m. Els fons situats al sud de Cabrera Gran presenten un extens camp d’ones de sediment pregones orientades de nord a sud, és a dir transversalment a les isòbates. A l’extrem sud-oriental del Parc s’observen unes grans barres cimentades d’orientació mitjana oest-est que semblen tenir continuïtat en direcció a llevant, fora de l’àrea cartografiada. A més, hom descriu i interpreta per primer cop altres elements singulars del relleu submarí, com ara un camp de dunes en mitja lluna, monticles i agrupacions de protuberàncies que localment donen un aspecte granellut al fons, terrasses i esglaons a la plataforma interna, esteles de sediments als freus, un canal submarí al llarg del tàlveg d’Es Port, el rebliment sedimentari de cales i badies, i fins i tot un possible dipòsit d’esllavissament submarí enfora del cap de Llebeig. Alguns elements del relleu submarí semblen tenir una relació directa amb l’estructura geològica observable a Cabrera Gran i als illots menors. El cas aparentment més obvi és el de la vall submarina d’Es Port, associada a un front d’encavalcament de direcció sud-est a nord-oest que a terra determina el traçat del canal de ses Figueres, que vertebra el principal subsistema de drenatge de tot l’arxipèlag. La continuació dels forts desnivells i penya-segats costaners cap als fons marins també es palesa en nombrosos indrets. Per últim, la fisiografia i el relleu submarí, així com la naturalesa dels materials que a cada indret el formen i l’acció dels processos oceanogràfics, tenen un paper determinant en la composició i distribució dels hàbitats bentònics propis del Parc Nacional., [eng] The seafloor relief of the Cabrera Archipelago National Park displays a noticeable diversity, with a pronounced asymmetry both east-west and north-south. East of the northern islets there is a wide platform bounded by the 55 m isobath, on top of which a number of cemented sandbars and sand ridges occur, together with interspersed giant sediment waves. In contrast, water depth increases rapidly westward. To the north of the archipelago depths are markedly shallower than in the south, where 100 m depth are reached at short distance from shore. The seabed southward of Great Cabrera Island shows a large field of north-south oriented deep sediment waves, i.e. normal to the local isobaths. At the southeastern corner of the Park there are some large cemented sandbars with a west-east mean orientation that seem to continue eastward, beyond the mapped area. Other outstanding submarine landforms that appear locally include a barchan dune field, mounds and bumps clusters, terraces and steps on the inner shelf, sediment tails in the straits between islets, a submarine channel following the thalweg of Es Port, the sediment infill of some small coves and bays, and even a possible submarine landslide deposit off Llebeig cape. All these elements are described and interpreted for the first time in this contribution. Some of the seafloor landforms seem to relate directly with the geological structure of Great Cabrera and the smaller islets. The submarine valley along the axis of Es Port is the best example, as it seems to be associated to a south-east to north-west oriented thrustfront that also controls the path of ses Figueres channel inshore, which is the main course of the principal subaerial watershed in the entire archipelago. The continuation of the pronounced slopes and coastal cliffs into the sea becomes also obvious in numerous places. Finally, the overall physiography and the seafloor relief, together with variations in its constitution from place to place and the action of oceanographic processes, play a key role on the composition and distribution of benthic habitats occurring across the National Park.

La evolución reciente del hemidelta Sur del Llobregat (Barcelona) es un claro ejemplo de sistema natural dominado por la acción del hombre. Las necesidades de ocupación de la llanura y frente deltaico junto con la regulación del caudal del río han generado un fuerte desequilibrio sedimentario. El ascenso del nivel del mar a largo plazo inducido por el calentamiento global no hará más que agravar esta situación. El artículo presenta las disfunciones generadas y la difícil coexistencia entre la geomorfología y la actividad humana en 4 puntos representativos de la costa objeto de la visita de campo organizada en el marco de las “Xª Jornadas de Geomorfología Litoral”. En la primera parada, al sur de la unidad se observa el impacto causado por el puerto deportivo de Port Ginesta, responsable del cierre del sistema en términos sedimentarios. La segunda parada, en la zona central, es un ejemplo de evolución costera inducida por la acción del oleaje y la orientación de la costa. En la parada 3 se describen los trabajos de restauración de un sistema dunar. Finalmente, al norte de la unidad se observan los efectos de la divergencia en el transporte longitudinal generados por la ampliación del puerto de Barcelona.

2018 Ocean Sciences Meeting, 11-16 February, in Portland, Oregon, A comprehensive study of 15 sediment cores from the Blanes Canyon area was conducted to understand natural sedimentary processes and alterations caused by bottom trawling. Canyon axis and flanks, as well as adjacent open slope areas were sampled at depths ranging from 300 m to 2200 m. Grain size, dry bulk density and 210Pb concentration profiles were analyzed to obtain sediment properties and to study possible changes on sedimentation rates over the last century attributed to bottom trawling. The passage of trawling gear lead to eroded and disturbed surface sediments, altering the natural sedimentation rates within the canyon axis. Thus, shallower depths at the canyon axis (900-1200 m) presented considerably high sedimentation rates (0.9-2.1 cm·yr-1) accumulated after the 1970s. Further downcanyon, sedimentation rates increased two- to fourfold after this decade, from 0.1-0.2 cm·yr-1 to 0.2-0.8 cm·yr-1. This enhanced sedimentation is attributed to the resuspension and subsequent transport of sediments caused by the expansion of the operating trawling fleets at that time. These impacts are localized downslope from fishing grounds, and the anthropogenically-enhanced sedimentation rates decreased downcanyon at a greater distance from trawling grounds. On the lower continental slope (900-1500 m) and in the canyon axis (1500-2200 m), natural sedimentation rates (pre-1970s) were similar in both environments, indicating that sediment deposition at those depths is governed by the offshore distance from the continental sediment inputs. These results are a manifest of the capacity of trawling activities to erode flanks and rims of the Blanes Canyon and remobilize large amounts of sediments towards its interior, ultimately enhancing sedimentation rates along the canyon axis. While submarine canyons have been regarded as preferential conduits of particulate matter, they should also be considered depocenters of trawling-induced resuspended sediments

V Encuentro de la Oceanografía Física (EOF 2018) - V Physical Oceanography Meeting, VI Simposio Internacional de Ciencias del Mar - VI International Symposium of Marine Sciences (ISMS 2018), 20- 22 June 2018, Vigo.-- 1 page, The deep water thermohaline anomaly, named Western Mediterranean Transition (WMT) (CIESM, 2009) was first observed in winter 2005 (López-Jurado et al. 2005) NE of Menorca, at a deep station (2500 m water depth) sampled on a seasonal basis since 2001, within the RADMED Program (López-Jurado et al. 2015). To improve the knowledge of the evolution of this thermohaline anomaly, an instrumented mooring was deployed in 2015 at the same station during the ATHAPOC Project. This mooring is composed of 5 current meters, 8 CTDs, 8 thermistors and covers most of the water column, allowing for a continuous record of salinity, temperature and currents that characterize the different water masses present in the region, including those that contribute to the anomaly. The mooring also includes 1 turbidity sensor and 2 sediment traps to evaluate the sediment dynamics and the associated particle fluxes. Designed to be operative at least during two years, this contribution presents the preliminary results of the first 9 months of deployment, when 40 days period oscillations are observed from the sea bottom to 400 m below the surface, This work is supported by the ATHAPOC Project (CTM2014-54374-R), funded by Plan Nacional I+D+I and by the RADMED Program, funded by the IEO

International audience

EGU General Assembly 2013, 7-12 April, 2013, Vienna, Austria, The offshore displacement of bottom trawling fleets has raised concerns over the impact of this human activity on deep-sea ecosystems and associated living resources, which are characterized by a lower resilience than shallow water correlatives. However, the effects of bottom trawling on sediment remobilization across continental margins and on the alteration of seafloor morphology still remain largely unaddressed. We present a compilation of results from studies conducted during the last decade in the La Fonera (Palamós) submarine canyon (NW Mediterranean Sea), where a bottom trawling fishing fleet is active on a daily basis at depths from 400 to 800 m. Deployments of mooring lines equipped with punctual and profiling current-meters, turbidimeters and sediment traps have documented that trawling gears passing along the canyon flanks generate daily sediment gravity flows, implying a periodic sediment removal from fishing grounds. These sediment-laden flows are able to reach the main canyon axis and progress to a minimum depth of 1200 m. Also, sediment accumulation rates in the lower canyon have increased since the industrialization of the local trawling fleet (1970s), suggesting a human-induced enhancement of along-canyon transfer of sediments from the fishing grounds to greater depths. Sedimentological and 210Pb analysis of interface sediment cores collected from the canyon flanks confirm that widespread erosion and stirring of surface sediments is notable on trawled areas when compared to control (untrawled) sites at similar depths. This chronic reworking and removal of surface sediments from trawling grounds has ultimately led to modifications of the seafloor morphology over large spatial scales, as revealed by high-resolution multibeam bathymetry and Vessel Monitoring Systems (VMS) data sets. Untrawled canyon flank segments are dominated by a dense network of tributary valleys that progress upslope from the main canyon axis, reaching up to five orders of bifurcation. Such complex morphology is missing in the trawled depth range and slightly below, where the sea floor becomes smoother and only the main branches of the tributary valley networks are preserved. Given the global dimension of commercial bottom trawling, our findings suggest that this human activity may have become a significant driver of sediment dynamics and seascape evolution over substantial parts of the world's upper continental slopes