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Colorectal carcinoma represents a major cause of mortality and 0.2-12% of resected colonic polyps have malignant cells inside. We performed a retrospective study of patients with resected polyps during a period of 13 years. A total of 905 patients had 2033 polyps removed; 122 polyps (109 patients) had malignant cells. Prevalence of malignant polyps with submucosal invasion was 1.23% and for all polyps with malignant cells was 6%; malignant polyps had a larger size (23.44 mm mean diameter) vs benign polyps (9.63 mm); the risk of malignancy was increased in polyps larger than 10 mm, in lateral spreading lesions and in Paris types 0-Ip, 0-Isp, in sigmoid, descending colon and rectum, in sessile serrated adenoma and traditional serrate adenoma subtypes of serrated lesions and in tubulovillous and villous adenoma. In 18 cases surgery was performed, in 62 patients only colonoscopic follow-up was made and in 35 patients no colonoscopic follow-up was recorded. From initially endoscopic resected polyps, recurrence was noted in seven (11.3%) cases; there was a trend toward association with depth of invasion, piecemeal resection, right and rectum location, sessile and lateral spreading type and pathological subtype. In surgical group, post-therapeutic staging was available in 11 cases; nodal involvement was noted in three (27.27%) cases; none had lymphatic or vascular invasion in endoscopically resected polyps. Four patients with no macroscopic local recurrence underwent surgery with no residual tumor. The rate of metastasis was 16.67% in surgical group and 1.61% in endoscopic group. Evaluation of lymph node (LN) invasion was available for 11 operated patients, with LN invasion (N1) in three patients, local residual tumoral tissue in one patient with incomplete resection and no residual tumor (R0 resection) in four patients with endoscopic resection before surgery.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main primary liver malignancy, being associated with both health and economic burden worldwide. Recently, novel molecular markers and possible therapeutic targets were identified. Different adhesion molecules, as well as possible angiogenesis-associated targets can be prime candidates when investigating novel therapies. Considering these premises, our goal was to study the co-existence of E-cadherin and aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in a series of HCC diagnosed patients. Utilizing archived tissue fragments from 17 patients diagnosed with well-to-moderate and poorly differentiated HCC, as well as four samples of normal liver tissue and using a highly specific biotin-free tyramide amplification technique, we have assessed here the expression of E-cadherin and AQP1 during HCC carcinogenesis. Moreover, as we have observed that some of the AQP1 expression seems membrane-bound, we have sought to evaluate their co-localization. Our data showed, as expected, that E-cadherin decreases from control tissue to low-grade and respectively, high-grade HCC. AQP1 was expressed, also as already known, at the level of endothelial blood vessels and bile ducts epithelia, however, we have showed here for the first time that this water pore is also expressed in the cytoplasm and membranes of hepatocytes, both in control and HCC tissue. Moreover, AQP1 expression parallels the decrease of E-cadherin expression during carcinogenesis, but together with this downregulation, we have also found a spatial decrease in the colocalization of the two proteins. Altogether, utilizing a biotin-free tyramide signal amplification technique, this study shows for the first time that AQP1 is expressed at the level of liver epithelia, in both control and HCC tissue.

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are the inflammatory bowel diseases with a continuously increasing of prevalence. Their exact causes are still not well known and, more than that, they are raising up serious issues of diagnosis. The same difficulties of diagnosis are encountered in the case of the colonic angiodysplasia or ischemic colitis (IC). Colonic angiodysplasia is a common vascular abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract, being diagnosed mostly in the elderly persons, in a similar manner to the IC. For all these diseases comorbidities plays their important role both as causes of the onset and aggravating factors during the evolution. The differential diagnosis between these three conditions needs a complex and multidisciplinary approach, involving at least clinical evaluation, endoscopic and imaging assessments, and histopathological exam.

Introduction: Performing a colonoscopy allows the examination of the entire colon and the assessment of polyps., Patients, Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from January 2018 until February 2020 (two years), in which we enrolled a number of 210 patients performing colonoscopy in the Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania. We performed 326 polypectomies., Results: We classified the polyps into diminutive (n=169), small (n=103) and large polyps (n=54). Regarding the polypectomy technique, our results indicated that 40 out of 48 (83.3%) polypectomies with the biopsy forceps were complete, as well as 27 out of 31 (87.1%) cold snare polypectomies and 12 out of 14 (85.7%) hot snare polypectomies. The differences were not statistically significant (p=0.116). Regarding the number of incomplete polypectomies, our data suggests that the high expertise endoscopist had two incomplete resections (5.1% of total), the medium expertise endoscopist 1 had also two incomplete resections (11.1% of total), the medium expertise endoscopist 2 had three incomplete resections (15% of total), the limited expertise endoscopist 1 had three incomplete resections (27.27% of total) and the limited expertise endoscopist 2 had four incomplete resections (30.76% of total). Analyzing the data, the differences were statistically significant (p=0.006)., Conclusions: Our study is able to suggest that high-definition white-light endoscopy (HD-WLE) macroscopic visualization of the polyp resection site is not enough to assess complete polyp resection and follow-up colonoscopy should be performed for cases with incomplete margins of resection.