Search

Aim: Flower traits are critical to the mutualistic networks that underpin ecosystem function. However, the broad‐scale drivers of flower traits are unclear. Using the megadiverse islands of Malesia, we test three hypotheses: (1) Flower size, openness and colourfulness (i.e. the trend from white to colourful flowers) will decrease with increasing temperature, but not with increasing precipitation seasonality. (2) Flower size, openness and colourfulness will increase with island area, and decrease with isolation. (3) Models parameterised by climate, rather than non‐climatic island characteristics will have the greatest predictive capacity as climate affects both pollinator communities and energetic/physiological constraints upon flower traits. Location: Fourteen Malesian islands. Taxon: Angiosperms. Methods: We applied Bayesian phylogenetic models of occurrence for >2500 species in 400 m elevation bands, across islands, as a function of flower trait interactions with either climatic variables or islands characteristics. We compare predictive capacity of models based on climate versus island characteristics using Leave One Out‐Cross Validation. Results: All six flower traits examined varied with at least temperature, precipitation seasonality, island area and isolation. Flowers are larger in cold environments. The lowland tropics are mostly inhabited by white flowered species. At cold high elevations, red and pink flowered species are more frequent whereas green and purple flowered species increase in the drought‐prone seasonally dry tropics. Flower openness declined with precipitation seasonality and increased with isolation. Models parameterised by climate performed best for perianth length, red and white flowers, whereas pink flowers and flower openness were better predicted using island characteristics. Main Conclusions: There are relationships between flower traits and climatic gradients within Malesia. However, island characteristics have also left a legacy upon current flower trait distributions. These island biogeographical impacts are likely key for the eco‐evolutionary drivers of flower traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calyx cavity is a common physiological disorder in many persimmon cultivars. It is characterised by a separation between the calyx and the surrounding flesh. The presence of calyx cavity in export fruit can lead to phytosanitary risks and reduced storage potential due to more rapid softening and increased chilling injury. Manual detection of calyx cavity at packing is very time-consuming and uneconomic. This work investigated the ability of non-destructive evaluation, combined with modelling, to identify calyx cavity in 'Fuyu' persimmons. Fruit were evaluated at harvest, followed by a period of nine-week storage in modified atmosphere packaging at 0°C. The presence and severity of calyx cavity was related with higher red colouration and fresh weight before storage. Using colour index data and weight data, binary classification of calyx cavity by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) resulted 74.1% correct segregation. The model correctly identified 70.5% of calyx cavity fruit (29.5% false negatives) and 77.4% of no cavity fruit (22.6% false positives). The use of non-destructive calyx cavity classification based on the evaluation of quality parameters is a starting point in providing the ability to segregate healthy fruit before packaging and storage. Further work is necessary to improve model performance before implementation is viable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To gain a deeper understanding of the flowering pattern and reproductive characteristics of Epimedium sagittatum, to enrich the research on the flower development of E. sagittatum and its reproductive regulation, and to screen the methods suitable for the rapid detection of pollen viability of E. sagittatum and to promote its cross-breeding. The characteristics of its flower parts were observed, recorded and measured, and the pollen viability of E. sagittatumwas determined by five methods, including TTC staining, I2-KI staining, red ink staining, peroxidase method and in vitro germination method. The flowering process of E. sagittatum can be divided into five stages: calyx dehiscence, bract spathe, petal outgrowth, pollen dispersal, and pollination and withering. The results of I2-KI staining and peroxidase method were significantly higher than those of other methods; the in vitro germination method was intuitive and accurate, but the operation was complicated and time-consuming; the red ink staining method was easy to operate and had obvious staining effect, and the results were the closest to those of the in vitro germination method; and it was found that the pollen of E. sagittatum was not as effective as the in vitro germination method at the bud stamen stage, the flower stigma and the flower bud. It was also found that the pollen viability and germination rate of E. sagittatum pollen were higher in the three periods of bud spitting, petal adductor and pollen dispersal. Comparing the five methods, the red ink staining method was found to be a better method for the rapid detection of pollen viability; the best pollination periods of E. sagittatum were the bud stamen stage, petal adductor stage, and pollen dispersal stage of flowers at the peak of bloom. This study on the flowering and fruiting pattern of E. sagittatum, and the related mechanism of sexual reproduction, can be used as a reference for the next step of research on the breeding of E. sagittatum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Boesenbergia kalakadensis (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Kalakad‐Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR), Tirunelveli District of Tamil Nadu, India is described and illustrated. Boesenbergia kalakadensis is closely allied to B. rotunda Mansf., and B. tiliifolia (Baker) Kuntze, but differs from them in its rhizome, leaves, inflorescence, length of flowers, glabrous nature of bract and bracteoles, length of calyx and corolla tube, size and shape of the corolla lobes, size, colour and margins of lateral staminodes, broader, orbicular, flat labellum, sessile, glandular hairy, crested anther, and length of style. A key to species of Boesenbergia in Peninsular India is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primulina guarouba, a new species from the limestone area of northern Guangxi, China, is described and illustrated. According to the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analysis, it nests in a strongly supported clade (BP = 99%) that includes P. cordifolia, P. repanda and P. huangii. Of these, P. guarouba is similar to the P. cordifolia in morphology, but it is easily distinguished from the latter by some of the distinct characters in leaf blade, peduncles, bracts, calyx, corolla, pistil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pitaya flower, a medicinal and edible plant commonly used in tropical and subtropical regions, was the focus of this study, which compared the effects of hot-air drying (HAD) and vacuum drying (VD) on phytochemical profiles and biological activities of its four parts: calyx, petals, stamens, and pistils. Both drying methods significantly increased the total phenolic content (TPC) of pitaya flowers, with values ranging from 1.86 to 3.24 times higher than those of fresh samples. Twelve flavonoid compounds were identified in pitaya flowers, with the glycoside derivatives of three flavonols (kaempferol, isorhamnetin, and quercetin) being the most abundant. VD resulted in 1.15 times higher total flavonoid glycoside content than HAD, whereas in petals, HAD yielded a total flavonoid glycoside content 1.21 times higher than VD. Both HAD and VD effectively increased the antioxidant capacities of pitaya flowers, though the difference between the two methods was not significant. Additionally, both drying methods enhanced the antiproliferative activity of pitaya flowers, with HAD showing a more significant effect than VD. The present study emphasized the efficacy of drying methods for enhancing flavonoids in pitaya flowers and provided insights for functional products' innovation with different parts of pitaya flowers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Axon projection is a spatial- and temporal-specific process in which the growth cone receives environmental signals guiding axons to their final destination. However, the mechanisms underlying changes in axonal projection direction without well-defined landmarks remain elusive. Here, we present evidence showcasing the dynamic nature of axonal projections in Drosophila’s small ventral lateral clock neurons (s-LNvs). Our findings reveal that these axons undergo an initial vertical projection in the early larval stage, followed by a subsequent transition to a horizontal projection in the early-to-mid third instar larvae. The vertical projection of s-LNv axons correlates with mushroom body calyx expansion, while the s-LNv-expressed Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam1) interacts with Netrins to regulate the horizontal projection. During a specific temporal window, locally newborn dorsal clock neurons secrete Netrins, facilitating the transition of axonal projection direction in s-LNvs. Our study establishes a compelling in vivo model to probe the mechanisms of axonal projection direction switching in the absence of clear landmarks. These findings underscore the significance of dynamic local microenvironments in the complementary regulation of axonal projection direction transitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Domestic production of pepper (Capsicum spp.) is shrinking while demand within the US is growing. Lack of availability and cost of labor often present an obstacle for domestic producers both practically and economically. As a result, switching to harvesting peppers mechanically is anticipated as a key strategy to help domestic producers compete in the international market. Mechanical harvest efficiency can be improved through breeding. One important trait that mechanical harvest compatible material should have is an easy destemming trait: low force separation of the pedicel and calyx fromthe fruit. Methods: To detect the genetic sources underlying a novel easy destemming trait for the purpose of future breeding efforts in New Mexico pod-type green chile, we performed QTL analysis on three F2:F3 populations, coming from three New Mexico pod-type varieties: 'NuMex Odyssey,' 'NuMex Iliad,' and 'NuMex Joe E. Parker,' each crossed with a parent with an easy destemming trait: MUC14. Genotyping was done through genotyping by sequencing (GBS) and phenotyping was done for destemming and fruit trait measurements. Correlations between measurements were found through the R package hmisc and QTL analysis was done through R/qtl. Results: A strong relationship was seen between destemming and aspects of fruit morphology, particularly, destemming force and fruit width (Pearson's correlation coefficient r=0.75). Major QTLs for destemming and fruit size were discovered. Of these, the largest destemming force QTLs for all populations (PVE=34.5-69.9%) were on chromosome 10, and in two populations QTLs for destemming force were found on chromosome 3 (Percent Variance Explained (PVE)=10.7-18.8%). Fruit size-related QTLs in all populations colocalized in these same areas on chromosomes 3 and 10. Discussion: This suggests that fruit shape may be genetically linked to destemming, and breeders interested in selecting for easy destemming pepper will also have to pay attention to fruit size and shape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bitter pit is a disorder affecting the appearance of apples. Susceptibility is genetically controlled by both the cultivar and rootstock, with both environmental and horticultural factors affecting its severity and proportional incidence. Symptoms appear more frequently at the calyx end of the fruit and consist of circular necrotic spots, which take on a "corky" appearance visible through the peel. Bitter pit may develop before harvest, or after harvest, reducing the proportions of marketable fruit. In this review, current knowledge of the factors associated with the occurrence of bitter pit in apples is summarized and discussed along with their interactions with Ca uptake and distribution to fruit. This disorder has been previously linked with localized Ca deficiencies in fruit during its development. However, these relationships are not always clear. Even with over a century of research, the precise mechanisms involved in its development are still not fully understood. Additional factors also contribute to bitter pit development, like imbalances of mineral nutrients, low concentration of auxins, high concentration of gibberellins, changes in xylem functionality, or physiological responses to abiotic stress. Bitter pit remains a complex disorder with multiple factors contributing to its development including changes at whole plant and cellular scales. Apple growers must carefully navigate these complex interactions between genetics, environment, and management decisions to minimize bitter pit in susceptible cultivars. Accordingly, management of plant nutrition, fruit crop load, and tree vigor still stands as the most important contribution to reducing bitter pit development. Even so, there will be situations where the occurrence of bitter pit will be inevitable due to cultivar and/or abiotic stress conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe high dependence on chemical fertilizers in the farming systems especially in the arid regions has become a serious challenge that threatens the stability and sustainability of crop production. Therefore, determining alternative nutrition systems based on the organic and biological sources is a critical issue of crops management. The objective of this study is to assess the response of the roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) to chemical, organic and biological nutrient systems. A two-year field experiment was conducted with a split-plot based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The main plots consisted of control (CL), vermicompost (VP), poultry manure (PM), and chemical fertilizer (NPK) (CF), while the sub-plots involved control (AM0), application of Glomus mosseae (AM1), and Rhizophagus intraradices arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM2). The results showed that PM and CF treatments led to the highest increase in fresh calyx yield (58.6%) compared to the control. While PM treatment showed the highest increase in dry calyx yield (23.9%) and seed yield (32.0%). AM inoculation resulted in a 27.3, 26.8, and 22.3% increase in mentioned traits, respectively compared to the control. PM treatment showed the highest values of dry calyx and seed water productivity (13.5 and 15.5 kg m−3, respectively). Also, AM2 treatment showed the highest values for these indices (13.5 and 14.5 kg m−3, respectively). The highest increase in calyx ascorbic acid (20.1%) was obtained from PM treatment, while the highest value of calyx anthocyanin content (0.307 and 0.292 µmol g−1) in the first and the second year was found in PM and CF treatment, respectively. VC treatment resulted in the highest increase in seed oil content (12.8%), while the highest increase in seed protein content (22.8%) belonged to the CF treatment. The average improvements in the calyx ascorbic acid, calyx anthocyanin content, seed oil content, and seed protein content due to AM inoculation were 11.2, 5.0, 9.2, and 7.8%, respectively. According to our findings, the use of mycorrhiza (especially Rhizophagus intraradices) in combination with poultry manure is recommended to achieve proper economic yields and improve water productivity and quality indices of the roselle in order to replace the chemical fertilizers in the cultivation of this plant in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study describes Siphoneugena carolynae (Myrtaceae), a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The species inhabits inselberg forests and differs from all other species of Siphoneugena by the following exclusive combination of morphological characters: relatively long petioles, leaf blades chartaceous with midvein canaliculate adaxially, inflorescences in racemes with a markedly compressed and indistinguishable main axis, hypanthium markedly constricted above the ovary, calyx calyptrate, ovaries with two locules, each with four ovules, and cotyledons densely covered with foveolate glands. We herein provide taxonomic notes, morphological plates (derived from both fresh and dried material), and a distribution map. Regarding the conservation status, the new species is preliminarily assessed as Data Deficient (DD), but comments on population size and possible threats to the habitat are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grias lucindoae, a new species from the Western Andean slopes of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia (Serranía de Las Quinchas), is described and illustrated, and its morphological similarities with comparable species are discussed. This new species is a tree between 10 and 15 m tall from montane forest remnants (900–1200 m). Grias lucindoae shares several features with G. angustipetala and G. cauliflora. It differs in the size and pubescence of the leaf blade, pedicels, the number of secondary veins and stamens, calyx dehiscence, size, shape, and color of the petals, and the 4-lobed stigma, which is truncated when mature. Additionally, a table comparing morphological characters of G. lucindoae to the other Grias species that occur in Colombia is presented, as well as an identification key of the Neotropical species. With this new species, there are now nine species of Grias in the flora of Colombia, which, along with Ecuador, are countries with the highest diversity of the genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diversified studies on smart agriculture adopting various approaches have been conducted. Many of these targets large-scale agriculture. However, only a few studies have focused on small-scale agriculture. In large-scale agriculture, single-function agricultural robots are highly demanded, whereas in small-scale agriculture, agricultural robots with multiple functions are required. This study aims at developing an agricultural robot with multiple functions. Moreover, the study focuses on the functions of fruit harvesting and truss pruning and proposes a method for detecting the cutting points to achieve these functions. This method comprises three processes. First, the input image was classified into five classes (fruit, flower, calyx, truss, and other including leaf and background etc.) using semantic segmentation via deep learning. Post-processing was performed based on strawberry characteristics to remove false recognitions from the semantic segmentation results. Next, the properties of the fruit, calyx, and truss were determined. Finally, based on these properties, the cutting points for fruit harvesting and truss pruning were identified. This method detects cutting points based on plant features (size, shape, and position) of strawberries. Additionally, the unworkable area of the agricultural robot was estimated, and the possibility of cutting was determined by considering the unworkable area. The proposed method was evaluated using 1 000 images acquired from a strawberry greenhouse. The F-measure for harvesting and pruning were 0.93 and 0.86 in the cutting point detection and 0.96 and 0.88 in the mature and immature fruits detection, respectively. This study discusses the practical issues for implementing the proposed method in the agricultural robot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quality of yellow peaches was severely reduced due to bruising. Detection of bruised areas in yellow peach is easily disturbed by the calyx and stem ends. Therefore, it is proposed to utilize hyperspectral imaging in conjunction with I-Otsu in the detection of bruise detection in yellow peach after distinguishing between calyx and stem end using curvature-assisted Hough transform circle detection. The band ratio was used to improve the contrast of the images, and the improved Otsu method was used to improve the segmentation accuracy. Noise in the image is eliminated by adaptive median filtering. The effects of the calyx and stem ends are eliminated by curvature-assisted Hough transform circle detection. Spectral bands with valid feature information were selected by principal component analysis and key single-wavelength images (452.8 nm, 608.9 nm, 671.8 nm, 689.4 nm, 825.7 nm, and 966.2 nm) were selected from the loading curves of the spectral regions to create PC images and band ratio images. Band ratio (Q608.9/689.4) images with I-Otsu were used to segment the bruise region. Ultimately, 96% of the bruised yellow peaches were correctly identified. This study demonstrates that hyperspectral imaging combined curvature-assisted Hough transform circle detection and I-Otsu can accurately identify bruised areas as well as calyx and stem ends in yellow peach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Programmed cell death (PCD) is common in plant growth and development, such as xylem development, organ senescence, and abscission. Calyx abscission in Korla fragrant pear contributes to fruit quality, while it was not clear whether PCD occurred during calyx abscission and which signals regulated the process. Therefore, it is imperative to clarify the process of PCD in the process of calyx abscission in Korla fragrant pear under natural conditions to enrich the mechanism of calyx abscission. The results showed that the total time of calyx abscission of Korla fragrant pear began from 6 days after pollination (DAP) to 13 DAP, and the peak of calyx abscission occurred 10 DAP. During the whole process of calyx abscission, PCD started 6 DAP. At 9 DAP, the degree of PCD deepened. At 12 DAP, the cells in the abscission zone showed asymmetry on both sides, the organelles in the distal cells of the abscission zone degraded into apoptotic fragments, and the protective layer of the normal development of cells located at the proximal end of the abscission zone region ended the PCD process. ETH concentrations in the abscission zone of the decalyx fruit were significantly higher than those of the persistent calyx fruits in each period during calyx abscission, and high levels of ethylene and hydrogen peroxide and low contents of the GA3, ZT, and hydroxyl radicals promoted calyx abscission before the formation of the abscission zone. At 3 DAP, the ethylene concentration (43.97 ppm) and H2O2 content (8.49 μmol/g) of decalyx fruit in the abscission zone were significantly higher than those of persistent calyx fruit by 67.69% and 27.86%, respectively; however, the GA3, ZT, and hydroxyl radicals showed the opposite. Overall, PCD in the abscission zone of decalyx fruits did occur during the calyx abscission of Korla fragrant pear, and ethylene and H2O2 might play major roles in initiating the PCD process during Korla fragrant pear calyx abscission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) stands out among fruit in terms of three open physiological questions about its climacteric character, CO2 uptake, and the absence or presence of stomata on its floral organs. The objective of the present study was to examine the structures of blueberry flowers and fruit to explain their contribution to CO2 exchange and transpiration in order to clarify these discrepancies. Blueberries were dewaxed and the sepals/corolla removed for stomata counts, and their micromorphology was studied via LT-SEM. The fruit has stomata, contrary to beliefs in the literature, possibly because the stomata are occluded by the dense wax cover or 'bloom' and hidden on the distal part of the ovary in between and underneath the corolla. However, stomata were located on the distal part of the fruit surrounded by the sepals (calyx) and found predominantly on the abaxial sepals, while the adaxial side of the sepals and the proximal part of the ovary lacked stomata. The petals were devoid of stomata, trichomes, and chlorophyll and abscised after anthesis. In contrast, the sepals remained until maturity, contributing 5–7% to the berry surface but contributing to the majority of fruit stomata and chlorophyll. With 59–71% of the fruit's chlorophyll, sepals were a significant source of the CO2 uptake. Similarly, with 95% of the berry stomata, sepals were a significant source of water loss, measured via porometry of fruit with and without sepals. Overall, this study identified the ovary as a minor source and sepals as the dominant source of CO2 and H2O exchange in blueberries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New suction endoscopes, ureteral access sheaths (UAS) and catheters aim to improve the efficacy of flexible ureteroscopy and optimize its safety. Suction UAS with non-flexible tips have shown promising results, especially in maintaining low intrarenal pressure, but also in removing small debris and reducing the "snow globe" effect. In addition, suctioning UAS with a flexible tip offers the advantage of being able to be navigated through the pyelocaliceal system to where the laser lithotripsy is performed. It can also remove small stone fragments when the flexible ureteroscope is retracted, using the Venturi effect. Direct in-scope suction (DISS) involves aspirating dust and small stone debris through the working channel of a flexible ureteroscope, thus regulating intrarenal pressure and improving visibility. Steerable aspiration catheters are other devices designed to increase stone clearance of the pyelocaliceal system. They are inserted under fluoroscopic guidance into every calyx after retraction of the flexible ureteroscope, alternating irrigation and aspiration to remove dust and small gravels. Combining flexible-tip suction UAS and the DISS technique may offer some advantages worth evaluating. The advantage of using these instruments to achieve a low intrarenal pressure was demonstrated. The true practical impact on the long-term stone-free status is a matter requiring further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Türk Radyoloji Seminerleri is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Flora Montibérica is the property of Flora Montiberica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A new species, Astragalus liuaiminii Z. Z. Yang & Q. R. Liu (Fabaceae), is described and illustrated from Xinjiang Province, China. The new species is close to A. wenquanensis S. B. Ho, but differs from the latter by leaves having a single leaflet (vs. 3-5 leaflets), and inflorescences with 1-2 flowers (vs. inflorescences with 5-7 flowers). It is also similar to A. monophyllus Maxim in leaf shape, but differs by its calyx expanding to become saccate and totally enveloping the pod (vs. calyx tubular, and ruptured by pod after flowering). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aeschynanthus wangii Y.H.Tan & H.B.Ding, a new species of Gesneriaceae from Yunnan Province, China, is described and illustrated here. The new species morphologically resembles A. angustioblongus W.T. Wang and A. stenosepalus J.Anthony, but is significantly different from them by having lanceolate leaves with long caudate apex, brownish yellow corolla with five dark red lines from the middle of corolla tube to the top of the lobes, and calyx lobes slightly fused into calyx tube (2-4 mm) at the base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we describe and illustrate a new species, Primula weiliei L.S.Yang, Z.K.Wu & G.W.Hu, from the Shennongjia Forestry District, Hubei Province in Central China. It is morphologically assigned to Primula sect. Aleuritia based on its dwarf and hairless habit, long petiole, fruits longer than calyx and covered by farina on the scape. This new species is similar to P. gemmifera and P. munroi subsp. yargongensis in the same section, but it can be distinguished by its smaller calyxes, homostylous flowers, corolla tube throat without annular appendage and only 1--2 flowers in each inflorescence. Based on the assessment conducted according to the IUCN Red List criteria, we propose that P. weiliei be classified as a Critically Endangered (CR) species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe a small population of remarkable plants found in Shuangjiang County, SW Yunnan, as Tuberowithania pengiana gen. & sp. nov., a unique genus within the subtribe Withaninae, tribe Physalideae of the Solanaceae family. The new genus and species feature a distinctive combination of morphological traits, including a large clumped tuberous root, urceolate and densely pubescent dark purplish flowers, densely pubescent purplish filaments, and yellowish‐white, ovoid berries snugly covered by 10‐ribbed accrescent calyx. Molecular phylogenetic analysis, based on a combined matrix of four DNA markers (nrITS, trnL‐F, waxy, LFY), revealed that T. pengiana is deeply nested within the subtribe Withaninae. It forms a sister relationship with Archiphysalis chamaesarachoides, although with weak support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Roselle, also known as Hibiscus sabdariffa L., is a plant that is quite easy to grow, making it a viable option for developing nations. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds such as organic acids, phytosterols, and polyphenols. Research suggests that the extract from roselle calyx shows promise as a potential agent for bone tissue engineering and regeneration. Osteoblasts are cells that play an important role in bone tissue engineering. However, the potential toxicity effect of roselle extract on osteoblasts is yet to be determined. The dried roselle calyx was extracted using 96% ethanol as the solvent. The extract was then divided into four concentrations: 15 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml, 25 mg/ml, and 30 mg/ml. Phytochemical screening was carried out to identify the secondary metabolites of the extract. The cytotoxicity activity against osteoblast cells was evaluated using the MTT Assay. Roselle calyx extract has alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins. The results show that all four concentrations had non-toxic effects, with viabilities exceeding 70%. The highest viability was at 30 mg/ml (241%), followed by 25 mg/ml (134%), 20 mg/ml (99%), and the lowest at 15 mg/ml (77%). Roselle calyx extract shows potential as an agent for bone tissue engineering and regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydroxyapatite-gelatine is commonly used as scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. Hydroxyapatite and gelatine can also be modified to improve the physicochemical and clinical properties of biomaterial by the addition of phenolic bioactive compounds from roselle calyx extract. Roselle has anti-inflammatory properties that make it beneficial for bone regeneration. Roselle calyx extract with concentrations of 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% respectively were added to the BHA-GEL-HPMC. To evaluate the impact of the composite content and processing parameters on the material's properties, the following tests were conducted: MTT Assay for the cytotoxicity, FTIR test to determine the absence of interactions between the materials and to identify functional groups, and XRD test to determine the content of the hydroxyapatite crystal phase in the scaffold. Cytotoxicity test showed more osteoblast cell viability 30% concentration at 242.623 ± 31.145. The FTIR test showed that the functional groups of hydroxyl ions were present in the control scaffold material and the scaffold material with variations of roselle calyx extract (15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%). The XRD test showed that the intensity of the crystal phase in all samples was the same, and the sample with the addition of 15% roselle extract had suitable crystallinity for use as a bone substitute. This study indicates that hydroxyapatite-gelatine composite with roselle calyx extract has a high potential as a scaffold for bone tissue engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The hot-water extraction method has been employed to enhance the diffusion rate of heteroglycans, thereby augmenting the extraction efficiency. This study investigates the antioxidant activities and immunological properties of water-soluble polysaccharides derived from the Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx (HWPF and LWPF). These polysaccharides were isolated through two distinct extraction methods involving hot water followed by ethanol precipitation. The physicochemical characterization was conducted through a series of experiments encompassing monosaccharide composition, ultravioletvisible spectrum analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The evaluation of antioxidative properties employed various techniques, including DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power, ferrous chelating power, total reducing power, and protection against DNA damage. The assessment of anti-inflammatory potential involved the inhibition of hemolytic activity induced by a hypotonic solution and heat. Furthermore, the impact of the polysaccharides on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines was analyzed through Luminex assay and RTPCR assay in PBMCs and LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, respectively. The findings revealed that heteroglycans (LWPF and HWPF) exhibit a content of Ara-Man-Rha-GluA-GalA (41.2:17.2:15.7:9.2:8.8) and Ara-Glu-Rha-Xyl-GluA-Man (31.5:23.8:12.16:10.4:7:6) with molecular weights of approximately 4.5 KDa and 41.3 KDa, respectively. HWPF demonstrated robust metal chelating and scavenging activities. Additionally, each fraction exhibited substantial protection of DNA against damage induced by H2O2. LWPF was observed to significantly down-regulate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and COX-2 at both transcriptional and translational levels, along with inhibiting NO production. In summary, these results indicate that the choice of extraction methods influences both the structure and biological activities of heteroglycans, providing valuable insights into the structure-activity relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rich in fiber and bioactive compounds, roselle calyx decoction residues offer opportunities in food processing. This study sought to develop a directly expanded snack with a mixture of corn and roselle calyx decoction residues, optimizing its physical qualities. It was conducted in 2023, using the response surface methodology with three factors and three responses. The directly expanded snack showed expansion index values between 1.75 to 2.64, bulk density of 0.15 to 0.38 g cm-3 and firmness of 6.8 to 19.6 N, with attractive purple-lilac shades. The regression models were adequate and using the desirability method, optimal conditions (OT= 132.3 °C, SS= 240 rpm) and roselle inclusion level (J= 12.4%) were determined for an optimized directly expanded snack. It was concluded that the inclusion of up to 12.4% of roselle calyx allowed obtaining snacks with excellent physical characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The vestibular hair cell receptors of anamniotes, designated Type II, are presynaptic to bouton endings of vestibular nerve distal neurites. An additional flask-shaped hair cell receptor, Type I, is present in amniotes, and communicates with a chalice-shaped afferent neuritic ending that surrounds the entire hair cell except its apical neck. Since the full repertoire of afferent fiber dynamics and sensitivities observed throughout the vertebrate phyla can be accomplished through Type II hair cell-bouton synapses, the functional contribution(s) of Type I hair cells and their calyces to vestibular performance remains a topic of great interest. The goal of the present study was to investigate electrical coupling between the Type I hair cell and its enveloping calyx in the mouse semicircular canal crista ampullaris. Since there are no gap junctions between these two cells, evidence for electrical communication would necessarily involve other mechanisms. Simultaneous recordings from the two cells of the synaptic pair were used initially to verify the presence of orthodromic quantal synaptic transmission from the hair cell to the calyx, and then to demonstrate bi-directional communication due to the slow accumulation of potassium ions in the synaptic cleft. As a result of this potassium ion accretion, the equilibrium potentials of hair cell conductances facing the synaptic cleft become depolarized to an extent that is adequate for calcium influx into the hair cell, and the calyx inner face becomes depolarized to a level that is near the threshold for spike initiation. Following this, paired recordings were again employed to characterize fast bi-directional electrical coupling between the two cells. In this form of signaling, cleft-facing conductances in both the hair cell and calyx increase, which strengthens their coupling. Because this mechanism relies on the cleft resistance, we refer to it as resistive coupling. We conclude that the same three forms of hair cell-calyceal transmission previously demonstrated in the turtle are present in the mammalian periphery, providing a biophysical basis for the exceptional temporal fidelity of the vestibular system.

A 39-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with kidney stones after kidney transplantation. Kidney, ureter, and bladder radiographs showed multiple stones in the transplanted and orthotopic kidneys, which had not been reported previously. Owing to the larger size of the stones in the transplanted kidney, they needed to be removed. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ureteroscopy were performed under B-mode ultrasound guidance. The stone measured 1.9 × 1.6 cm and was located under the calyx of the kidney. A titanium laser fiber was used to dissolve the stones, which were subsequently removed. No adverse reactions occurred during or after the surgery. The causes of stone formation included dietary factors, related drugs, improper fluid intake, and urinary tract infections. As neither the donor nor the recipient had a history of kidney stones, we hypothesized that the stones were a new entity that either developed following transplantation or a long-term complication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indigofera jintongpenensis, a new species of the subfamily Papilionoideae of Fabaceae, is described and illustrated from Yunnan, southwest China. The new species is characterised by having a prostrate habit, flexible stems and branches, as well as spreading, sub-basifixed, asymmetrically 2-branched trichomes covering the entire plant, discoid calyx, and racemose inflorescences 6–8-flowered, short, 1–2 (–3.5) cm in length, apparently shorter than the leaf. A distribution map and comparison of morphological diagnostic characters with its morphologically similar species are provided. Additionally, a preliminary conservation assessment of I. jintongpenensis is proposed following IUCN criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crotalaria andamanica F. Saleem, L.J. Singh, & A. K. Pandey is described and illustrated as a new species from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. The habitat, ecology, distribution and conservation status are briefly discussed. The new species closely resembles with the species of the section Calycinae Wight & Arnott (1834), C. acicularis Buch.-Ham. ex Benth. and C. prostrata Rottler ex Willd. but differs in morphological characters like habit up to 150 cm, densely hairy, leaf 10-20 mm long, acute at apex, obtuse at base, ensiform stipule, 4-8 number of flowers per inflorescence, calyx equal, hairy, attenuate, standard obovate, apex retuse, pod elliptic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apples are highly susceptible to bruising during picking, packing, and transportation, and early detection of apple bruises allows timely screening and treatment to reduce food safety risks. However, early bruises on apples, especially bruises of 30 min or less, with similar appearance to sound tissue, making manual sorting difficult. To address this problem, a near‐infrared (NIR) camera imaging technology combined with adaptive threshold segmentation algorithm for early apple bruise detection is proposed in this article. First, a NIR camera imaging system is built to acquire full‐band images of fruit face, fruit stem face and calyx face of sound apples and apples with single bruise and multiple bruises at 30 min of occurrence. Then, an adaptive threshold segmentation algorithm is proposed and an image processing algorithm, which includes high‐pass filtering, feature extraction, adaptive threshold segmentation and Hough circle detection, is developed and applied to full‐band images in response to the interference of apple stem and calyx on early bruising detection in this article. The results show that the proposed algorithm has an accuracy of 95.56% for the detection of sound apple samples and an F1‐score of 94.70% for the detection of early bruised samples, which is better than the commonly used image segmentation algorithms such as Otsu and fixed thresholding. This study shows that the combination of NIR camera imaging and the adaptive threshold segmentation algorithm proposed in this article can effectively detect early bruises on apples, providing a new idea for rapid and nondestructive detection of agricultural product quality. Practical applications: Detecting early bruises on apples can achieve effective monitoring and control of apple supply chain, and guarantee the quality and safety of agricultural products. Most studies are based on conventional machine vision with RGB camera or hyperspectral imaging technology, while conventional machine vision based on RGB camera is difficult to detect apple early bruises that are not visible to the naked eye, and hyperspectral imaging has a large amount of data and redundant image data among wavelengths. Compared with previous studies, apple early bruise detection method proposed in this article combining NIR camera imaging technology and adaptive threshold segmentation algorithm can avoid the interference of bright spots, fruit stem and calyx on bruise segmentation while capturing a single channel image, providing a new method for accurate and rapid detection of early bruises on apples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal connections between the renal arteries and venous system. Arteriovenous fistulas account for 70%–80% of renal arteriovenous abnormalities, often resulting from iatrogenic injuries. While most renal AVMs are asymptomatic, hematuria is a common symptom caused by AVM rupture into the renal calyces. Angiography is the gold standard for diagnosis, but noninvasive imaging techniques like ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging are commonly used for initial evaluation. Most renal AVMs are managed conservatively. Symptomatic patients typically undergo endovascular embolization, the preferred treatment, while surgery is reserved for unstable patients or those with complex vascular anatomy. We present a case of a 32-year-old man with renal AVMs following a motor vehicle accident. The patient initially received unsuccessful endovascular embolization but achieved successful treatment through open fistula ligation. This case highlights the challenges in managing renal AVMs and the importance of considering alternative interventions when initial treatments prove ineffective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study interprets two novels by Kafka (Metamorphosis and Disciplinary Camp), and shows that one of the motives both novels share is the “ahypnotic experience”, i.e., the state in which the character of the story is frightened by sleep, since in sleep he loses control over himself, and is given up to the forces which rid him of of his human form (Metamorphosis). Based on the analysis of the apparatus of torture, interpreted here as “apparatus for producing justice”, the paper argues that for Kafka, the law means not freedom, but inhumanity (Disciplinary Camp). The following part of the paper explains that a similar process is uncovered in Donnarumma’s Amygdala art installation, and poses the question as to whether the increasing autonomy of modern technology intensifies Kafka’s fears of dehumanisation of the world. The final part of the paper offers an alternative conclusion to the problem building on Nietzsche’s understanding of the sense of the sublime.

Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx and seeds are underutilized, whose utilisation can be widened with the design and development of proper post-harvest systems. For this purpose, a detailed study on its engineering properties is necessary. Hence, the main goals of this study were to investigate the physical, biochemical, thermal, and textural properties of Roselle and to select the most precise models for calculating the mass from its physical properties. Roselle calyx has an average weight of 3.106 g, actual density of 1.04 g/cm3 and bulk density of 0.89 g/cm3. Similarly, Roselle seeds has an average weight of 1.427 g, actual density of 1.37 g/cm3 and bulk density of 0.65 g/cm3. Moreover both the calyx and seeds were found to be rich in protein, phenols and minerals. Finally, the FTIR analysis identified the presence of esters, ethers and carboxylic acids in Calyx and alkyne, alkane, hydroxyl and amide groups in the seeds. In addition, the mass was conducted using four different empirical models, and the power model was found to be the most suitable. The present research will considerably broaden our understanding and be instrumental in creating post-harvest machinery that will increase its value and enable its commercial production.

Cylicins are testis-specific proteins, which are exclusively expressed during spermiogenesis. In mice and humans, two Cylicins, the gonosomal X-linked Cylicin 1 (Cylc1/CYLC1) and the autosomal Cylicin 2 (Cylc2/CYLC2) genes, have been identified. Cylicins are cytoskeletal proteins with an overall positive charge due to lysine-rich repeats. While Cylicins have been localized in the acrosomal region of round spermatids, they resemble a major component of the calyx within the perinuclear theca at the posterior part of mature sperm nuclei. However, the role of Cylicins during spermiogenesis has not yet been investigated. Here, we applied CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in zygotes to establish Cylc1- and Cylc2-deficient mouse lines as a model to study the function of these proteins. Cylc1 deficiency resulted in male subfertility, whereas Cylc2-/-, Cylc1-/yCylc2+/-, and Cylc1-/yCylc2-/- males were infertile. Phenotypical characterization revealed that loss of Cylicins prevents proper calyx assembly during spermiogenesis. This results in decreased epididymal sperm counts, impaired shedding of excess cytoplasm, and severe structural malformations, ultimately resulting in impaired sperm motility. Furthermore, exome sequencing identified an infertile man with a hemizygous variant in CYLC1 and a heterozygous variant in CYLC2, displaying morphological abnormalities of the sperm including the absence of the acrosome. Thus, our study highlights the relevance and importance of Cylicins for spermiogenic remodeling and male fertility in human and mouse, and provides the basis for further studies on unraveling the complex molecular interactions between perinuclear theca proteins required during spermiogenesis.

The effect of the field applications of three bioproducts (based on Trichoderma koningiopsis, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens), the alternation of the biostimulant Kendal® and the Swinglea glutinosa extract and the rotations of two fungicides (based on Azoxystrobin-Difenoconazole and Thiram-Pyrimethanol), on the incidence of gray mold in cape gooseberry postharvest was evaluated. For this purpose, the fruit was harvested weekly in the field, arranged in wet chambers with fruits with and without calyx, and incubated for seven days at 20 °C in laboratory conditions to promote the development of B. cinerea and determine the efficacy in its control. In addition, the populations of the microbial antagonists were monitored between applications by collecting the leaflets and washing them in 0.1% Tween 80 and sowing aliquots in specific culture media. In fruits with calyx, the lowest incidence of the gray mold, with averages of 48 and 51%, occurred with the applications of the bioproducts based on T. koningiopsis and R. mucilaginosa, respectively. In contrast, the incidence did not exceed 1.4% in fruits without calyx in all treatments. Furthermore, the population of microbial antagonists in the phyllosphere remained constant between applications, with counts of 1x103 CFU g-1 for T. koningiopsis and 1x105 CFU g-1 for R. mucilaginosa and B. amyloliquefaciens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food & Machinery is the property of Food & Machinery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To describe a concept of ideal 'puncture zone' as against any single ideal 'puncture tract' for percutaneous nephro-lithotomy (PCNL) and present our results. Through this narrative, we aim to reduce the gaps in inter-understanding of an erstwhile description of ideal tract and real-life puncture making. The puncture zone principle was applied for our novel puncture making technique during PCNL. The largest imaginary cone that can fit into a respective calyx, with its tip in the pelvis defines the 'puncture zone' for that calyx. This concept allows fine-tuning of the ideal puncture tract based upon the desired corresponding manipulation zone and also shifts the focus of puncture making to infundibulum anatomy from the tip of calyx. The surgical technique and retrospective review of 136 cases done between 2015 and 2021 using this concept are presented. Primary outcome included stone-free rate, pseudo-aneurysm and blood transfusion at 3 months of follow-up. 33 cases had multiple (> 3) stones, 21 only calyceal/infundibular stones, eight partial staghorn and 12 were complete staghorn stones. Mean stone size was 29 ± 15 (Range: 5–53) mm. Complete clearance was achieved in 127 cases, four of which required two tracts. Blood transfusion was required in one case. No pseudo-aneurysms were encountered. The puncture zone concept has provided good results in our hands. It may help easier understanding of PCN puncture making and provides a background for reconciliation between description of an ideal tract and practical puncturing techniques used by different surgeons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In order to solve the problem of inaccurate defect extraction caused by complex and variable color and irregular texture changes of tomato surface defects, the defect segmentation method based on image local variance with brightness correction was proposed. Methods: On the basis of using histogram threshold segmentation method to segment calyx and stem scar and the method of domain pixel weighted sum to replace the original pixel to complete the brightness correction, the gray image of tomato surface was divided into several image blocks, and the color of each block was characterized by image pixel variance, and then the defect and healthy area were separated. SVM model was used to detect the proportion of tomato surface defect area in the original tomato area. Results: Considering the brightness correction, the accuracy of tomato defect area extraction could be improved by 27.74%. On this basis, compared with the global threshold, dynamic threshold and regional growth algorithm, the defect extraction method based on image local variance could accurately achieve the quasi-deterministic and complete extraction of tomato surface defects, and the accuracy of the Gauss-SVM model with the defect area ratio as the input for tomato surface defect detection reached 96%. Conclusion: Considering brightness correction, the SVM defect extraction method based on image local variance is suitable for tomato surface defect detection.

This study determined the effect of polyherbal tea blend (PTB) from Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) Calyx, Soursop (Annona. Muricata), and Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leave on fasting blood glucose level (FBGL), glycated hemoglobin, insulin, and enzymes [arginase, angiotensin-I converting enzyme, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5), and purinergic and antioxidant enzymes] related to erectile dysfunction (ED) in the penile homogenate of diabetes mellitus (DM) rats’ model. The samples were prepared and blended in the ratio of 2:2:6 and bagged to contain 1 gram. The sweetening/sweetening (S/US- PTB) teabags, were infused with 20 ml of boiled water for 5 (S/US-PTB-5) and 10 (S/US-PTB-10) min, respectively. The animals were made diabetic [except the normal control (NC) group] with streptozotocin intraperitoneally, and grouped into NC, DM, DM+Acarbose (ACA), DM+S-PTB-5, DM+S-PTB-10, DM+US-PTB-5, and DM+US-PTB-10. The result revealed that the PTB decreased FBGL and related enzymes, but improved insulin level and antioxidant status in the diabetes-induced ED (DMED), while the S/US-PTB-10 appeared better. Since the formulated PTB is in line with the therapeutic effect, the tea can be used as a therapeutic agent for managing not only diabetes but also DMED. However, sexual behavior, clinical trials, and phytochemical screening of the PTB should be carried out.

The potential of extract from roselle calyx on quality attributes of chicken patties marinated without extracts [plain (P1) and prepared with 0.01% butyl hydroxyl anisole; BHA (P2)] and with extract [soaked in roselle calyx extracts concentrations at 0.005% (P3), 0.01% (P4), 0.015% (P5) and 0.02% (P6)] were evaluated. Sensory qualities, cooking loss, product yield and colour [lightness (L*), redness (a*) and yellowness (b*)] were determined on freshly prepared patties and the production cost was evaluated. Total bacterial count, TBC (log10 CFU/g), water holding capacity; WHC (%), pH and lipid oxidation (mg MDA/kg) were determined on days 0, 7, 14 and 21 of cold (4 °C) storage. Patties flavour of 5.65±0.01 (P6) was higher (p<0.05) than in other treatments and the least in P1 (3.96±0.23). Cooking loss ranged from 20.24± 0.11% (P6) to 26.55± 0.01% (P1). Product yield of 79.8±0.7% (P6) was the highest, which varied significantly from other treatments. Lightness in P1 - P6 was darker than normal, with the highest L* = 42± 2.43 (P1) and the least L* = 36.44± 0.15 (P6). Redness was the least in P1 (a* = 16.85± 1.32), which varied significantly (p<0.05) from other treatments. Yellowness in P2 (b* = 54.14±1.35) was the highest, which differs significantly (p<0.05) from other treatments. Production cost varied insignificantly (p>0.05) among the treatments, with (P2 - P6) being significantly (p<0.05) higher than P1, with increasing percentage gain ranging from 0.02% (P2) to 0.78% (P6) relative to P1. On day 21, there were variations (p<0.05) in range for TBC [0.30±0.03 (P6) to 0.48±0.03 (P1)], and WHC [68.78±0.27 (P1) to 80.96±0.37 (P6)], pH [5.21±0.13 (P6) to 5.70±0.18 (P1)]. Lipid oxidation of 0.39±0.04 (P2) and 0.41±0.04 (P6) was similar, but significantly lower than 0.61±0.01 (P3), 0.59±0.04 (P4) and 0.46±0.01 (P5). Thus, among all patties marinated with extracts, those with 0.02% roselle calyx extract maintained better quality, inhibited lipid oxidation and bacteria during storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Calyceal fistula is a rare complication of a renal transplantation. This complication can lead to postoperative graft failure. The treatment approaches range from a partial nephrectomy to a routine nephrostomy.Objective. To present the successful application of the retrograde endoscopic-assisted percutaneous treatment of transplanted kidney calyceal fistula.Clinical case. A patient after kidney allotransplantation is under our care. Control postoperative ultrasound examination revealed a pararenal fluid mass in the left iliac region. Its percutaneous drainage was performed. Biochemical analysis revealed high levels of creatinine and urea in the drainage discharge. Despite ureteral stent and urethral catheter drainage, about 500 to 600 ml of urine per day was excreted by the drainage. Percutaneous puncture nephrostomy could not be performed due to the absence of dilatation of the renal cavity system. In the lithotomic position, the damaged calyx was identified by performing flexible ureteropyeloscopy. Then we percutaneously targeted the injured calyx and the distal end of the ureteroscope inserted transurethrally, so that the needle tip appeared in the paranephral cavity opposite the injured calyx. Under the control of a flexible ureteroscope the needle was inserted into the kidney pelvis, a nephrostomy tube 12 Ch was placed along the string. The discharge through the drain stopped within a week and it was removed. Follow-up examination nine weeks after surgery revealed that the patient had no complaints and renal ultrasound showed no features, so the nephrostomy tube was removed.Conclusion. The described method is the minimally invasive, affordable, and efficient method for the treatment of transplanted kidney calyceal fistula.