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Describes the process of developing the national standards for the health science career cluster. Describes a pilot test sponsored by Health Occupations Students of America and addresses the process of standards-based instruction. (JOW)

This study, with three mildly handicapped nine-year olds, investigated the effects on capitalization skills of a peer teaching procedure combined with student letter-writing activities. Findings indicated acquisition of the skills, with mixed results for generalization. Two of the 3 mildly handicapped peer teachers (ages 10-11) also improved their skills. (Author/DB)

In 1992, a unique partnership was formed between the U.S. Department of Education, the U.S. Department of Labor and the newly formed National Skills Standards Board to fund 22 pilot [...]

The National Consortium on Health Science and Technology Education, founded in 1991, promotes the interests of health care professionals by responding to national-level decisions pertaining to this field. The consortium tries to contain the splitting of the health care industry into various specialized areas. It also works toward creating partnership among health care workers, supporting research studies on health care providers, devising a more suitable curriculum and establishing an effective information system on health care.

To complement and strengthen its educational leadership program, East Tennessee State University, along with Brigham Young University, Florida State University, and Virginia Tech, formed a liaison with NASSP to help expand and refine administrative skills in decision making, leadership, sensitivity, problem solving, communication, judgment, and organization. Participating principals benefited from simulation workshops and networking activities. (MLH)

Educational institutions should develop environment conducive to expanding and refining administrative skills in decision making, leadership, sensitivity, problem solving, judgment, communication and organization. Observation skills, communication skills and co-operative ability are important. This makes students more effective and focussed academically, while the expectation from professors increases. The professors strive to maintain high student ratings and, consequently, set very high personal standards.

An analysis of components of attitudes toward cost containment indicate a need for health care economic education to begin in nursing school and continue throughout a nurse's career. Orientation to the work place would be an excellent point from which to teach new employees health care finance and assist them in developing an awareness of the institution's and patients' need for them to develop cost-effective practices. Education would positively influence attitudes toward cost containment and cost-effective nursing practice.

Examines literacy as a relative concept. Ranking literacy ability; Development of literacy ability appropriate to the demands of life and work; Expectations about becoming literate.

In 1980, the Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Health Protection Branch, Department of National Health and Welfare Canada, established the Bureau of Infection Control in response to a growing need for an infection control resource at the national level. Until that time, there had been no federal programs in Canada for surveillance and control of infections in health care facilities. Initial efforts in the development of infection control programs focused on acute care facilities. In 1985, a specific need was identified to develop better surveillance and control of infections in long-term care facilities. Several national initiatives have been undertaken to meet this need, including the preparation and publication of an infection control guideline specifically for long-term care facilities, a national survey of Canadian long-term facilities, and the stimulation of research to evaluate new criteria for nosocomial infections in a selected number of Canadian long-term care facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) before heart transplantation was previously associated with worse post-transplant outcomes than when MCS was not required. Given the changes in technology, expertise, patient selection, and timing of subsequent transplantation, we hypothesized that patients who require MCS before heart transplantation have similar outcomes after transplantation as those not requiring pre-transplant MCS. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 278 patients who underwent cardiac transplantation from 1993 to 2002. MCS was required in 72 patients (HeartMate LVAS in 66, CardioWest Total Artificial Heart in 6) and was not required in 206 patients. The influence of pre-transplant MCS on post-transplant outcomes was assessed in the 2 groups. Results: Baseline clinical characteristics (age, gender, etiology of heart failure, history of diabetes mellitus, and donor age and gender) were similar in the 2 groups. One-month and 1-year survival after transplantation did not differ between the groups (MCS, 92% and 85%, respectively vs no MCS, 97% and 92%, respectively). Similar proportions of patients were free from rejection (International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation score ≥3A) at 1 year of follow-up (MCS, 56% vs no MCS, 52%, p = 0.60). No difference was observed between MCS and no MCS patients in other post-transplant events such as hospital stay, intensive care unit stay, extubation time, acute allograft dysfunction, reoperation rates, acute renal dysfunction, acute hepatic dysfunction, infections, arrhythmias, thromboembolic complications, neurologic complications, gastrointestinal complications and the development of cardiac allograft vasculopathy. The incidence of chronic renal insufficiency was actually lower in the MCS Group (15.3% vs 37.9%, p = .001). Conclusion: Post-transplant outcomes after pre-transplant use of MCS are similar to those when MCS is not required. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]