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The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been affecting our lives since December 19. Naturally, during the COVID-19 outbreak, it has become a point of interest whether severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection might affect oocyte, and sperm and influence the implantation during the assisted reproductive technology cycles. In the current narrative review, we aimed to scrutinize articles about SARS-CoV-2 infection and infertility concerning the safety of gametes and the endometrium. Whereas the available data suggest that SARS-CoV-2 interferes with various types of molecular pathways in the oocyte, spermatozoa, and endometrium, the lack of co-expression in angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine 2 in those cell lines theoretically avoid concerns by patients and reproductive endocrinologists. However, one should consider that those observations were based on a few case series and should be confirmed with further observational studies including a larger sample size with various clinic spectrums. Alternative pathways that can be utilized by the virus to invade gametes and individual differences in molecular expression are other potential limitations that should be considered.

Objectives: To analyze intraoperative and postoperative complications according to Clavian-Dindo Classification (CDC) and evaluate the influence of clinicopathological features on the feasibility and safety of total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) in patients that underwent surgery in a tertiary center. Material and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the database of 469 patients that underwent surgery for patients who underwent extra facial TLH from 2013 to 2020. Results: A total of 86 (18.3%) peri-postoperative complications were observed. The incidence of intraoperative complications was 2% (n = 10). The overall conversion rate to open surgery was 1.9% (n = 9). A total of 76 postoperative complications were observed in 61 patients (14.3%). The incidence of minor (Grade I [n = 16, 3.4%] and II [n = 42, 8.9%]) and major complications (Grade III [n = 15, 3.2%], IV [n = 2, 0.4%] and V [n = 1, 0.2 %]) were 12.3% and 3.8%, respectively. A higher BMI and performing surgery at the first step of learning are found to be associated with intraoperative and postoperative complications (p < 0.05). Postoperative complications related to having a history of the cesarean section, additional comorbidities, and uterine weight ≥ 300 g (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The implementation of TLH by experienced surgeons appears to have remarkable advantages over open surgery. However, the risk factor for complications should be taken into account by surgeons in the learning curve in selecting the appropriate patient for surgery.

Cardiac manifestations of hydatid cysts are rare and occur in 0.5% to 2% of all cases of human hydatidosis. Behçet's disease is a vasculitis which is often associated with venous thrombosis. An intra-cardiac mass in a patient with Behçet's disease should raise the suspicion of thrombosis. However, we report a 32-year-old gentleman with Behçet's disease and history of multiple episodes of venous thrombosis who was first diagnosed with having an intra-cardiac thrombus on echocardiogram. Five months later, his echocardiogram revealed a hydatid cyst in the right ventricular apex which was also confirmed by cardiac magnetic resonance.

Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the association between uterine weight and surgical outcomes of vaginal hysterectomies (VHs). Materials and Methods: This retrospective...

To share our experience with the management of pregnancies in women with myasthenia gravis (MG) in a tertiary center. The study retrospectively evaluated 27 pregnancies in 12 patients. The pregnancies were divided into 3 groups on the basis of the clinical course of MG during pregnancy: improvement (n = 7), disease-stable (n = 9), and deterioration (n = 11). The groups were compared with respect to patient characteristics, clinical features, and obstetric outcomes. There were 4 miscarriages (14.8%), 3 preterm births (11.1%), and 4 cases of preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) (14.8%). Exacerbation was observed in 25.9% of the cases; the remission rate during the postpartum period and after miscarriage was 37%. The cesarean section (CS) rate was 78.3%. Pregnancies with deterioration of MG were statistically more likely to have higher miscarriage, preterm birth, PPROM, CS, and transient neonatal MG rates, in addition to a lower gestational age at birth, birth weight, and 5-min Apgar score than pregnancies with improved or stable disease (p values

Intrauterine device is one of the most preferred contraceptive methods. Rare complications such as uterine perforation were getting more common due to increased use of intrauterine device and could be seen either with mild manifestations or serious cases like bladder or intestinal damage. A 48-year-old patient who is consulted to our clinic because of a missed copper intrauterine device was presented. The intrauterine device was inserted 28 years ago, detected in pelvis incidentally by x-ray and extracted via laparotomy. Although device has been in abdomen for nearly three decades, we did not see any serious reaction or adhesion during surgery.Management of a patient with intrauterine device should be done carefully and following the instructions before insertion, regular examination at every visit are important.

Objective To evaluate the clinicopathological features and outcomes of patients undergone surgery for benign and metastatic adnexal masses during the surveillance of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods A single institute retrospective study involving 90 patients diagnosed with CRC that undergone surgery at Hacettepe University Hospital between 2000−2018. Clinicopathological and survival data was obtained from hospital records. Results Elevated blood levels of CEA (HR, 1.23; 95 % CI: 1.03–1.24; p = 0.01), adnexal masses larger than 5 cm (HR, 3.296; 95 % CI: 1.527–7.076; p = 0.002), bilaterality of adnexal mass (HR, 2.200; 95 % CI: 2.464–11.969; p = 0.001) and high PCI score (HR, 0.150; 95 % CI: 0.044−0.479; p = 0.01) were found to be significantly associated with ovarian metastasis. There was a significant difference in overall survival (OS), with respect to complete and incomplete resection in adnexal surgery of ovarian metastasis (46.6 vs. 29.6 months; p = 0.004). The median survival time was 32.8 months for patients with ≤ 24 months interval time to adnexal metastasis surgery, and 48.5 months for patients with >24 months interval time to adnexal metastasis surgery (p = 0.001). Conclusion This study showed that numerous clinicopathological variables such as bilaterality and size of adnexal mass, serum blood levels of CEA and PCI score may have a significant impact on the prediction and management of ovarian masses diagnosed during CRC surveillance. Complete resection and interval time to adnexal surgery is significantly associated with OS.

Piezo-actuated common rail injectors are often utilized in today’s automobile engines’ fuel systems. This high-tech instrument decreases fuel consumption, thereby harmful exhaust emissions are also lowered especially in diesel ignition engines. Owing to ultra-high pressure in piezo-injection systems, fuel droplets are scaled down into a smaller particle form and thus provided more efficient combustion. Pulverized fuel droplets are evaporated and oxidized in a very short time and they provide exact combustion inside the combustion chamber. In this study, numerical simulation of a piezo-actuated common rail injector fluid-mechanical model with detail is demonstrated. The hydraulic and mechanical component interaction is modeled through the fluid-mechanical components. Thus, the piezo injector dynamics are predicted based on the geometry and the physical quantities describing the equipment. Input voltage in the entrance is used to describe the piezo actuator force for piezo-electric material. In model, fuel flows from the common rail to a tee that separates the flow into two paths: fuel gallery and valve with the inlet orifice. Using this detailed model, behavior of the piezo injector, effects of the injector parameters on the fuel flow were investigated numerically and results were represented.