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Çalışmada bazı mikro yapıların simetri durumları belirlenerek geometrik modellemeleri yapılmıştır.Simetri geometrisine sahip bir çok örnekleri doğada çıplak gözle kolaylıkla görmek mümkündür.Ağaçlarda dalların yerleşimi, çiçek kısımlarının dizaynı ve yapıları, suda oluşan dalgalar gibi doğalyapılarda geometri simetrileri bulunur. Bir kaçını saymaya çalıştığımız bu örnekler geometrik olarakmodellenip, matematik formüller ile ifade edilebilirler. Bilinen anlamı ile simetri, uyumlu ve güzel birorantı ve denge hissini ifade eder. Geometride ise simetri daha kesin bir tanıma sahiptir ve genellikle bazıdönüşümler altında değişmez olan bir nesneyi ifade etmek için kullanılır. Simetrinin geometrideki tanımlarıyapılırken bu tanımlar öteleme, yansıtma, döndürme veya ölçekleme gibi kavramlar ile ifade edilir. Buçalışmada materyal olarak bazı bitki dokularına ait mikro yapılar kullanılmıştır. Mikro yapıları elde etmekiçin bitki dokularından alınan enine kesitler ile hazırlanan preparatlar kullanıldı. Çalışmamızda ancakmikroskopla görebildiğimiz bazı bitki mikro yapılarında simetri yapıları belirnenip, matematikselformülleri ve geometrik modelleri gösterilmiştir. İncelediğimiz mikro yapıların geometrik sarmal simetriyapısına sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Literatürde makro yapılara ilişkin simetrik özellikler ile ilgiliçalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Ancak mikroskopla gözleyebileceğimiz mikro yapıların simetrisi ile ilgiliçalışmalar oldukça sınırlı sayıdadır. Makro yapılarda olduğu gibi materyalin mikro yapılarındaki geometrikmodelleri de kullanılabilirlik açışından oldukça önemlidir. Sonuç olarak, bazı mikro yapılarda simetrininolduğu ve bunların geometrik olarak modellenip matematik formüller ile tanımlanabilir oldukları tespitedilmiştir.

Bu çalışmamızda bazı bitki dokularının ancak mikroskop ile görebildiğimiz mikro yapılarındagözlemlediğimiz simetri özelliklerini inceleyip matematiksel tanımlarını gösterdik. Genel tanımı ilesimetri, bir nesnenin parçalarının farklı yönlerde veya konumlarda tekrarlanmasından kaynaklanır.Geometride simetri farklı özelliklerine göre gruplandırılır. Yansıma (reflectional symmetry) simetrisi busimetri gruplarından biridir. Ayna ya da bilateral simetri; yansıma simetri grubuna dahil olan bizim de buçalışmada incelediğimiz mikro yapılarda olduğu gibi çoğu organizmanın vücut planlarında görülengeometrik simetri çeşitlerinden biridir. Bilateral simetri iki yönlüdür ve nesneyi ikiye bölen bir dikeysimetri eksenine sahiptir. Çalışmada materyal olarak kullandığımız mikro yapıları elde etmek için bitkidokularından alınan enine kesitler ile hazırlanan preparatlar kullanıldı. Çalışmamızda ancak mikroskoplagörebildiğimiz bazı bitki yaprak sapı mikro yapılarında yansıma simetri yapıları belirnenip, matematikselformülleri ve geometrik özellikleri literatür ışığı doğrultusunda gösterilmiştir. Örneklerine çevremizdekibir çok organizmada, makro yapılarda kolaylıkla rastlayabileceğimiz yansıma simetrisi ile ilgili literatürdepek çok çalışma bulunmaktadır. Literatür taramamızda, çalışma materyali olarak kullandığımız ve mikroyapılarındaki geometrik simetrilerini incelediğimiz örnekler ile ilgili bir çalışmaya rastlamadık. Bunun yanısıra ancak mikroskopla gözleyebileceğimiz mikro yapıların simetrisi ile ilgili çalışmalar da literatürdeoldukça sınırlı sayıdadır. Çalışmada örneklerden alınan enine kesitler mikroskopta daha iyi gözlenebilmesiiçin safranin ve fast green boyaları ile renklendirilmiştir. Bu preparatlar farklı büyütmelerde incelenipmikroskop fotoğrafları elde edilmiştir.

Purpose: Invasive fungal infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children with febrile neutropenia. Although liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) is used safely due to its broad antifungal activity, it causes important side effects such as nephrotoxicity and hypokalemia. Methods: Medical records of 45 children with hematological malignancies who were given empirical L-AMB for febrile neutropenia between November 2011 and December 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum creatinine and potassium levels were compared before and after 7th day of L-AMB treatment. Results: 62 febrile neutropenic attacks of 45 children were evaluated. The median age of the patients was 8.25 (3.5-13) years, and the number of attacks per patient was between 1-5. The median duration of treatment with L-AMB was 14 (range 9-21) days. Nephrotoxicity developed in 16 attacks (26%), and hypokalemia developed in 26 attacks (42%). In those who developed nephrotoxicity, eGFR was lower and creatinine level was higher after 7th day of L-AMB treatment, compared to their values before treatment. The frequency of hypokalemia was low in attacks where nephrotoxicity has been developed. High eGFR, and low creatinine level were risk factors with borderline significance from the point of development of nephrotoxicity. Conclusion: Potassium level should be carefully monitored and appropriate replacement therapy should be administered in febrile neutropenic children with hematological malignancy receiving L-AMB therapy. Parenteral hydration before L-AMB administration does not prevent nephrotoxicity, however it positively affects the frequency of nephrotoxicity.

Background In childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), relapse is most commonly seen in the bone marrow (10–20%), followed by the central nervous system (3–8%). Isolated skin relapse is very rare in ALL. We report an 8-year-old child presented with isolated skin relapse. Case presentation An eight-year-old female patient presented with swelling on the scalp 3 months after the completion of the ALLIC-BFM 2009 chemotherapy protocol administered due to the diagnosis of precursor B-cell (pre-B) ALL. Physical examination revealed a hard, painless, hyperemic, nodule-shaped lesion measuring 2 × 1 cm on the right parietal bone. Atypical hematopoietic cells with the prominent nucleolus, narrow cytoplasm, and immunohistochemically stained with CD 10, 19, 22, 79-a, and TdT were observed in the histopathological examination of the skin lesion. There was no blast in the bone marrow aspiration smear and cerebrospinal fluid. The patient was diagnosed with aleukemic leukemia cutis (LC) and pre-B ALL, presenting as an isolated relapse. Conclusion Aleukemic LC is a very rare finding after leukemia treatment. It may present with various cutaneous lesions, such as a papule, macule, plaque, nodule, palpable purpura, and ulcerative lesions. Leukemia cutis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of skin lesions developing during or after treatment in children with leukemia.

In this study, oxidative stress marker (malondialdehyde, MDA) and antioxidant enzymes (glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT)) levels in the liver and pancreas tissue and the histopathological effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) were investigated in l-asparaginase (l-ASP) induced liver and pancreatic damage in rats. Forty male albino rats were divided into four groups. The control group was intraperitoneally injected physiological saline (0.02 mL/g); NAC group was injected NAC (200 mg/kg, five days); l-ASP group was injected single-dose l-ASP (10,000 U/kg), and l-ASP + NAC group was injected NAC for five days following single-dose l-ASP (10,000 U/kg). The surgical operation was performed on all animals on the fifth day. There was no difference between the groups regarding tissue MDA, GSH, and CAT levels (

Bu araştırmada birleştirilmiş sınıflarda öğretmen olmanın zorluklarını açığa çıkartmak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma grubunda, 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında Anadolu’da bir ilçede bulunan birleştirilmiş sınıflı okullarda görev yapmakta olan sekiz müdür yetkili öğretmen yer almıştır. Nitel araştırma türünde tasarlanan bu çalışmada fenomenolojik desen kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama tekniği olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesi sonucunda katılımcıların birleştirilmiş sınıfta öğretmenlik yapmaya ilişkin yeterli deneyimlerinin olmaması ve çoklu rolleri dolayısıyla zorlandıkları ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu öğretmenler öğretim programını planlama ve uygulama, zamanı yönetme, materyale erişme ve kullanma, ölçme-değerlendirme konularında çeşitli problemler yaşadıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Katılımcılar, resmi makamlardan gelen yazılı isteklere cevap vermek ile ilgili sıkıntılar yaşadıklarını, okul binalarının yapısal sorunlarını çözmek amacıyla kaynak ve destek bulmak için çabaladıklarını, iş yükü nedeniyle baş ağrısı ve ses yorgunluğu gibi fiziksel sorunların yanı sıra çaresizlik, karamsarlık, mahcubiyet gibi olumsuz duygular hissettiklerini bu yüzden motivasyon düşüşü, meslekten uzaklaşma, kendilerini yetersiz hissetme gibi sorunlar yaşadıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Uzaktan eğitim sürecinde öğretmenler, velilerin teknoloji kullanımında yetersiz kaldıklarını ve çocuğu ev ortamında eğitim-öğretime hazır hale getiremediklerini belirtmişlerdir. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin, öğrenci grupları ile ayrı ayrı ders yapmak zorunda kalması onlarla etkileşim sürelerini sınırlandırmıştır. Bu bağlamda, aday öğretmenler için birleştirilmiş sınıflara özgü sınıf yönetimi, zaman kullanımı, materyal geliştirme, ölçme-değerlendirme, yönetim gibi görev ve sorumluluklar açısından zengin deneyimler kazandırılması; birleştirilmiş sınıfta görev yapan öğretmenler için ortak sorunlar ve bilgi paylaşımına olanak sağlayacak iletişim ağlarının oluşturulması şeklinde öneriler sunulmuştur.

Objective This study aims to compare the frequency of respiratory viruses using real-time and multiplex polymerase chain reaction technology and nasopharyngeal swabs taken during exacerbation of patients aged 0-18 years followed for febrile neutropenia (FN) with non-FN children. Methods This prospective study included a total of 40 patients with FN and malignancies followed at Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology. The control group (n=76) consisted of age-matched patients with upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) or lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) who were admitted to the emergency service due to fever. Results Viral agents were detected in 16 of 53 FN attacks (30.1%). The most commonly isolated viruses were coronavirus (23.7%, n=9), influenza B (18.4%, n=7), and adenovirus (18.4%, n=7). Of 76 children diagnosed with URTI with fever (52.6%) had viral agents, and only 28 of them had a single agent. The most commonly isolated virus was adenovirus (28.6%, n=14). Viral factors were found in 32 of 42 patients (76.1%) patients diagnosed with LRTI, while respiratory syncytial virus was the most common virus in 27 patients (21.7%, n=5). Conclusion Our study results show that viral agents play an important role in the etiology of FN. This is the first study to show that viral agents play an important role in the etiology of this disease and viral factors in non-neutropenic febrile children at the same time period by detecting respiratory viruses in 30% of FN cases. More similar studies provide antiviral therapy in selected patients, as well as these studies lead to reduce the use of antimicrobial agents or allow more selective use of antibiotics and/or the earlier discontinuation of these antibiotics in febrile neutropenic children who have been shown to have viral cause of respiratory tract infection based on clinical and microbiological/molecular diagnostic criteria.

Intensive chemotherapy can cause long-lasting immunosuppression in children who survived cancer. The immunosuppression varies according to the type of cancer, intensity of chemotherapy and age of the patient. A sufficient immune reconstruction when has been completed in childhood cancer survivors, the re-vaccination program can achieve sufficient antibody levels for some of the life-threatening vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. This study evaluates the serological status of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases before and after the intensive chemotherapy treatment. Antibodies against measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, hepatitis A and B were tested with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Antibody titers were measured firstly at the leukemia diagnosis time when the chemotherapy was not started. The second evaluation of antibody titers was studied at 6 months after the cessation of chemotherapy for all patients. Forty-six patients with the mean age of 6.1 ± 4.5 years were participated in this study. Changing to seronegative after treatment was significantly different in measles, rubella, hepatitis A and hepatitis B (p

When the treatment of dental trauma cases is late, success decreases and complicated approaches are needed. This case report aims to present the problems encountered in the late intervention of the uncomplicated crown fracture, treatments applications and results of 1-year follow-up. In the intraoral examination of an eight-year-old male patient who applied to our clinic there was an uncomplicated crown fracture in the permanent left upper incisor. Radiological examination showed that the root development of the tooth is incomplete and there was a lesion in the apical region. Root canal treatment was started immediately and calcium hydroxide was placed in the root canal. 2 weeks later a triple antibiotic paste was placed for 2 weeks for disinfection of the root canal. At the next appointment, it was taken a culture sample after placing a drain in the root canal due to recurrent infection and drainage. Following the discontinuation drainage, the drain was removed, calcium hydroxide was placed for 2 more weeks, and the permanent filling was completed by Mineral Trioxide Aggregate. In the dental volumetric tomography taken due to the mobility of the relevant tooth, severe hard tissue loss was observed and then apical resection procedure was applied by applying splint. No pathological condition was observed in the follow-up periods of 3, 6 and 12 months, and hard tissue formation was observed on the received radiography. It is very important to inform patients and their families about post-traumatic treatment approaches.

In this study Cytotoxic effects of radioiodine (I131) which is a radionuclide used for the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancers and hyperthyroidism on mitotic chromosomes of root tips meristematic cells of fava bean [Vicia faba L. (Fabaceae)] were investigated. Seeds treated with radioiodine (I131) for 24, 48, 96 hours and 16 days were germinated. The root tips were taken and prepared for microscopic studies. Radioiodine (I131) caused chromosomal abnormalities as chromosome adherence, chromosome breaks, ring chromosome, chromatin bridge in V. faba L. root tip cells. The most common type of observed abnormalities was fish bone chromosome adherence, ring and C chromosome and chromosome dispersion. As a result of this study, it was determined that radioiodine (I131) had a mitodepressive effect on mitosis and harmful effects on V. faba L. root tip cells. The data obtained were evaluated numerically and statistical analysis was performed., Bu çalışmada tiroid kanserlerinin ve hipertiroidizmin tanı ve tedavisinde kullanılan bir radyonüklid olan radyoiodinin (I131), baklanın [Vicia faba L. (Fabaceae)] kök uçlarındaki meristematik hücrelerinin mitotik kromozomları üzerindeki sitotoksik etkileri incelendi. Tohumlar radyoiodin ile 24, 48, 96 saat ve 16 gün sürelerle muamele edildi ve çimlendirildi. Çimlenen kök uçları alındı ve mikroskobik çalışmalar için hazırlandı. Radyoiodine (I131) V. faba L. kök ucu hücrelerinde kromozom yapışması, kromozom kopması, halka kromozom yapışması, köprü kromozom gibi kromozom anormalliklerine neden oldu. En çok görülen anormallikler balık kılçığı kromozom yapışması, halka ve C kromozom, kromozom dağılmasıdır. Bu çalışmanın sonucu olarak, radyoiyodinin mitoz üzerinde mitodepresif bir etkisi olduğu ve V. faba L. kök ucu hücreleri üzerinde zararlı etkileri olduğu tespit edildi. Elde edilen veriler sayısal olarak değerlendirilip istatistiksel analizleri yapıldı.

In the study, Puschkinia scilloides Adams, P. bilgineri Yıldırım, and P. peshmenii Rix et B. Mathew were compared anatomically. Although the stem vascular bundles were arranged in two rows in P. peshmenii, they can observed in three rows in P. scilloides and P. bilgineri. In addition, some differences were found, such as the metaxylem number in the root, number of vascular bundles in the scape, presence of raphide crystals, and number of protruding epidermis cells at the tip of the leaf. These differences have been found to be taxonomically useful for distinguishing these species. Moreover, similarities and differences between Puschkinia Adams and the taxonomically closely related Scilla L. section Chionodoxa Boiss. and Scilla bifolia L. taxa were also discussed.

Background. Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT) in children is a rare and life-threatening cerebrovascular disease. Hence, we evaluated its clinical presentations, inherited and acquired prothrombotic risk factors along with the accompanying diseases, the thrombosis locations as well as the outcomes of anticoagulant therapy in children with CSVT. Methods. The medical records of pediatric CSVT patients treated between January 2011 and September 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Results. The study included 29 children, 15 boys (51.7%) and 14 girls (48.3%), with the median age being 11 years (range:3 days-17 years). The most commonly presented complaint in neonates was seizures and in the non-neonatal age groups was a headache. Also, at least one acquired and/or inherited thrombophilic risk factor was identified in 89.7% of the patients. The most commonly acquired prothrombotic risk factors along with the accompanying diseases included infections, central venous catheter, and dehydration, while the most commonly inherited thrombophilic risk factors included heterozygous factor-V Leiden mutation and elevated lipoprotein (a). The most common thrombosis location was found to be the transverse sinus. Also, none of the patients died due to the thrombotic episode. Complications included epilepsy in five patients, hydrocephalus in one patient, and intracranial hypertension in another patient. Conclusions. Clinicians need to be well aware of the inherited and acquired prothrombotic risk factors in CSVT. It should also be kept in mind that at-risk patients may also present with nonspecific signs and symptoms with no apparent neurological manifestation. The risk of acute complications and long-term sequelae can be substantially reduced if diagnosed early and initiated with appropriate treatment at the early stages.

Giriş: Yenidoğan tromboembolileri nadir olmakla birlikte sıklıkla yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde izlenen hastalarda santral kateter ilişkili olarak görülmektedir. Daha nadir olmak üzere intrauterin dönemde gelişen tromboembolik olaylar literatürde mevcuttur. Olgu Sunumu: Hastamız zamanında doğan ikiz eşi olup doğumdan hemen sonra intrauterin başlangıçlı sağ ulnar arter tromboembolisi tanısı konulmuştur. Bebeğe düşük molekül ağırlıklı heparin tedavisi verilmiş ancak izlemde ekstremite koruyucu amputasyon yapılması gerekmiştir. Bebeğin trombofili panelinde heterozigot MHTFR677C>T ve FII20210G>A mutasyonları saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Burada heterozigot mutasyonların zemininde ikiz gebelik önemli bir risk faktörü olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Literatür eşliğinde sunulan bu olgunun klinisyenlerin deneyimini arttıracağını düşünmekteyiz. Introduction: While neonatal thromboembolism is uncommon, it is frequently seen in newborn infants with central catheters who are monitored in the neonatal intensive care unit. There is several case reports on rare thromboembolic events that occur during the intrauterine period. Case Report: Our patient was a term twin infant who was diagnosed with intrauterine onset right ulnar artery thromboembolism shortly after birth. The baby was given low molecular weight heparin treatment, but limb-sparing amputation was required during follow-up. The analysis of thrombophilic genetic mutations of the infant revealed heterozygous MHTFR677C> T and FII20210G> A mutations. Conclusion: On the basis of heterozygous mutations, twin pregnancy has been assessed as a significant risk factor. We believe that the case presented with the literature will help clinicians gain more experience.

Background: Chronic disease of children can cause changes in the health-related quality of life (HrQoL) of the family members. Aims: To evaluate the HrQoL of healthy siblings of children with chronic disease. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The study included healthy sibling of children with chronic disease (cerebral palsy, epilepsy, diabetes, celiac disease, hematologic/oncologic disease, or asthma) and healthy sibling of healthy children to evaluate the quality of life. We used the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory questionnaire; the physical health and psychosocial health scores were calculated using the responses of the sibling and parent. The primary endpoint was the comparison of HrQoL scores of healthy siblings of children with chronic disease and that of healthy siblings of healthy children. Results: This study included a respective healthy sibling of 191 children with chronic disease and healthy sibling of 100 healthy children. The physical health, psychosocial health, and total health scores of healthy siblings of children with chronic disease were significantly lower than that of healthy siblings of healthy children (p

Introduction The most common causes of microcytic anemia are iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and thalassemia trait (TT). This study investigated the reliability of erythrocyte indices and formulas as screening tests in the differential diagnosis of IDA and TT before performing detailed tests for definitive diagnosis. Materials and methods In total, 50 children with β-TT, 31 with α-TT, 50 with IDA were included. For the 8 erythrocyte indices and formulas (red blood cells [RBC], red blood cell distribution width [RDW], red blood cell distribution width index [RDWI], Mentzer index [MI], Shine and Lal index [S&L], England and Fraser [E&F], Green and King index [G&K], Srivastava index) the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPVs and NPVs, respectively) were calculated according to the cutoff values in the literature and recalculated revised cutoff values. Results According to the cutoff values in the literature for the differential diagnosis of IDA and TT, the ranking of sensitivity, specificity, PPVs, and NPVs from the highest to the lowest was RDWI, RBC, E&F, G&K, MI, Srivastava, RDW, S&L. The sensitivity, specificity, PPVs, and NPVs of all the indices according to the revised cutoff values were higher than those according to the cutoff values in the literature. Conclusions According to both the cutoff values in the literature and revised cutoff values, the most reliable indices were RBC and RDWI.

Henoch-Schönlein purpura is the most common vasculitis of childhood. This study investigated the values of hematologic indices that can help predict internal organ involvement. The study included 112 patients followed up between January 2007 and May 2017 and 81 healthy children. Leukocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte and platelet counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were compared between patients with and without internal organ involvement. Overall, 57 (50.8%) patients had internal organ involvement. Leukocyte, neutrophil, and monocyte counts, NLR, and CRP levels were significantly higher in patients with internal organ involvement than in patients without internal organ involvement. There was no difference between the groups in terms of lymphocyte count, platelet count, and PLR. The cutoff values were found to be ≥10.8×10/L [area under the curve (AUC), 0.734] for leukocyte, ≥6.0×10/L (AUC, 0.665) for neutrophil, ≥0.710×10/L (AUC, 0.681) for monocyte, ≥3.95×10/L (AUC, 0.609) for NLR, and 2.41 mg/dL (AUC, 0.635) for CRP. Logistic regression analysis revealed that leukocyte count is a risk factor for internal organ involvement. Leukocyte, neutrophil, monocyte counts, NLR, and CRP levels are useful in predicting internal organ involvement in the acute phase of Henoch-Schönlein purpura. Leukocyte count is an important risk factor for internal organ involvement and its predictive value is more reliable than the other hematologic indices.

The root, trunk and leaf anatomy of four taxa of Scutellaria albida namely, S. albida subsp. albida, S. albida subsp. velenovskyi, S. albida subsp. colchica and S. albida subsp. condensata were examined. The aim is to determine whether these characters can be used for systematic purposes. The roots displays a typical stele structure in all studied taxa. But their number of pith rays are different in each taxa. The stems of S. albida taxa have square like transection, collateral vascular bundles, parenchymatous pith and show 1-2 layered epidermis coated with thick cuticle. S. albida subsp. condensata has papillate epicuticular wax on its stem cuticle layer. In all taxa angular collenchyma, and cambium forming phloem outward and xylem inward are observed. The leaves are hypostomatic, have single rowed epidermis coated with thick cuticle and show dorsiventral mesophyll in all studied taxa. S. albida subsp. velenovskyi has echinate epicuticular wax on its leaf cuticle layer, but the others have smooth cuticle layer. The midrib shows one collateral bundles in all taxa but the shape of median veins of the leaf blade show variation in each taxa. Some of the anatomical characters viz. the number of pith rays of roots, the number of palisade parenchyma layer, plant cuticles covered by wax, the shape of median veins of the leaf blade and stomata index, provide information of taxonomical significance for these taxa., C1 [Minareci, Ersin; Pekonur, Sinem; Ozdemir, Canan; Cicek, Mehmet; Kocabas, Okan] Manisa Celal Bayar Univ, Fac Sci & Letters, Dept Biol, Muradiye, Manisa, Turkey., [Kocabas, Okan] Pamukkale Univ, Fac Sci & Letters, Dept Biol, Denizli, Turkey.

WOS: 000486506600001, PubMed: 31183888, The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetic interaction between ivermectin (0.4 mg/kg) and praziquantel (10 mg/kg) administered either alone or co-administered to dogs after oral treatment. Twelve healthy cross-bred dogs (weighing 18-21 kg, aged 1-3 years) were allocated randomly into two groups of six dogs (four females, two males) each. In first group, the tablet forms of praziquantel and ivermectin were administered using a crossover design with a 15-day washout period, respectively. Second group received tablet form of ivermectin plus praziquantel. The plasma concentrations of ivermectin and praziquantel were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography using a fluorescence and ultraviolet detector, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters of ivermectin following oral alone-administration were as follows: elimination half-life (t(1/2 lambda z)) 110 +/- 11.06 hr, area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC(0-infinity)) 7,805 +/- 1,768 hr(.)ng/ml, maximum concentration (C-max) 137 +/- 48.09 ng/ml, and time to reach C-max (T-max) 14.0 +/- 4.90 hr. The pharmacokinetic parameters of praziquantel following oral alone-administration were as follows: t(1/2 lambda z) 7.39 +/- 3.86 hr, AUC(0-infinity) 4,301 +/- 1,253 hr(.)ng/ml, C-max 897 +/- 245 ng/ml, and T-max 5.33 +/- 0.82 hr. The pharmacokinetics of ivermectin and praziquantel were not changed, except T-max of praziquantel in the combined group. In conclusion, the combined formulation of ivermectin and praziquantel can be preferred in the treatment and prevention of diseases caused by susceptible parasites in dogs because no pharmacokinetic interaction was determined between them.

Background Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common form of benign childhood vascular tumor. Most resolve spontaneously, but treatment is recommended in patients who develop complication. Propranolol is recommended as the first-line therapy, while the treatment in the case of non-response to first-line therapy depends on the clinical experiences of each center. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of low-dose propranolol in the treatment of IH, and the outcomes of percutaneous intralesional bleomycin injection (IBI) in patients unresponsive to propranolol. Methods Medical records of 104 children diagnosed with IH between June 2014 and June 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. Results Median patient age was 6 months (range, 3-12 months). Forty-five patients (43.3%) received therapy: 18 (40%) for cosmetic problems and 27 (60%) for lesion-related complications. The most common complications were hemorrhage (15.6%) and impairment in visual function (15.6%). All of the patients received propranolol 1 mg/kg/day as the first-line therapy. Response to treatment was excellent in 35 patients, good in four and poor in one, while five patients did not respond to therapy. The five unresponsive patients received percutaneous IBI at 0.3-0.5 mg/kg/dose as second-line therapy. The response to treatment was excellent in four patients, good in one. Conclusions The majority of IH resolved spontaneously. In the patients who required treatment, low-dose propranolol was successful in most, and IBI was effective and safe in the remaining five patients who did not respond to propranolol.

33 aylık kızhasta solukluk ve halsizlik şikayeti ile başvurdu. Fizik muayenede mikrosefali,auricula displazisi, büyüme geriliği, dismorfik görünümü, iskelet anomalilerivardı. Laboratuar incelemesinde trombositopeni ve anemi saptandı. Mitomisinleuyarılmış kromozom kırılma testinde kromozomal insitabilite gösterildi. Gensekans analizi ile FA-C mutasyonu belirlendi. Klinik ve laboratuar bulgular ileFankoni anemisi tanısı konuldu FA-A en yaygın görülen komplementasyon grubudur.FA-C komplementasyon grubu nispeten nadir görülür. Bu makalede nadir görülmesinedeni ile FA-C mutasyonu olan çocuk hastanın fenotipik özelliklerinibildirmeyi amaçladık., Athirty-three months old girl presented with palor and fatigue. On clininalexamination she had microcephaly, auricular dysplasia, growth retardation,dysmorphic apperance, and skelatal deformities. Laboratory investigationrevealed thrombocytopenia and anemia. Mitomycin induced chromosome breakage wasdetected showing chromosomal instability. FA-C mutation was identified by genesequencing analysis. Fanconi anemia (FA) was diagnosed with clinical andlaboratory findings. FA-A is the most prevalent complementation group. The FA-Ccomplementation group is observed rarely. In this article, we aimed atreporting the phenotypical features of a pediatric patient with FA-C mutation whichis relatively rare.&nbsp

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'nin Spil Dağı’nda yayılış gösteren Lamiaceae’ye ait bazı taksonların (Origanum sipyleum, Satureja parnassica subsp. sipylea, Sideritis sipylea, Thymus sipyleus subsp. sipyleus var. sipyleus) anatomik özellikleri istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı. Çalışmada incelenen taksonların da ait olduğu Lamiaceae familyası, antioksidan potansiyelleri ve halk hekimliğinde çoklu farmasötik kullanımları nedeniyle büyük önem taşımaktadır. İncelenen taksonların bazı anatomik gövde özellikleri seçilerek bunlardan anatomik ölçümler alındı. Anatomik özelliklerden elde edilen veriler istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi. Bu çalışma ile korteks uzunluğu ve öz çapının, varyasyonları temsil eden en iyi karakter çiftleri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Böylece, korteks uzunluğu ve öz çapı, türlerin sınıflandırılması için taksonomik karakterler olarak görülebilir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, incelenen taksonların sadece morfolojik özellikleriyle değil, sayısal anatomik karakterleri ile de birbirlerinden ayırt edilebildiğini göstermiştir., In this study, the anatomical features of some taxa (Origanum sipyleum, Satureja parnassica subsp. sipylea, Sideritis sipylea, Thymus sipyleus subsp. sipyleus var. sipyleus) belonging to the Lamiaceae distributed on the Spil Mountain of Turkey were compared statistically. Lamiaceae family to which the investigated taxa belong are of high importance for their antioxidant potential, multiple pharmaceuticaluses in folk medicine. The some anatomical features of the stem were selected and measurements were taken. The data obtained from the anatomical features were evaluated statistically. By this study it has been determined that cortex length and diameter of pith are the best character pairs which represent the variations in them. Thus, the cortex length and diameter of pith can be viewed as a taxonomic character for classification of species. The results showed that investigated taxa also could be distinguished from each other not only by their morphological features but numerical anatomical characters as well.

Oxidative stress is a potential mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). Although a tendency for hypercoagulability has been reported in IDA, its underlying mechanism is yet to be elucidated. This study investigated the probable relationship between oxidative stress and hypercoagulability in children with IDA. This study included 57 children diagnosed with IDA (IDA group) between October 2016 and October 2017 in addition to 48 healthy children (control group). The maximum clot firmness (MCF) index, and clot formation time (CFT) index, which are indicators of hypercoagulability in rotational thromboelastometry assays [intrinsic TEM (INTEM) and extrinsic TEM (EXTEM)] derived from our previous study, were recorded. Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and oxidative stress index (OSI) were analysed from serum samples of the individuals. In IDA group, OSI and TOS levels were higher and TAC level was lower compared to the control group (P

Cocukluk cagi kanser sag kalanlarinin kardiyovaskuler morbidite ve mortalite riski onemli olcude artmistir. Kardiyovaskuler toksisitenin erken tespiti icin gelismis tarama yontemlerine ihtiyac vardir. Calismanin amaci, cocukluk cagi kanseri sag kalanlarinda osilometrik nabiz dalga analizi ile vaskuler hasarin bir gostergesi olan arteriyel sertligi degerlendirmektir. Bu kesitsel, tek merkezli calismaya toplam 38 hasta ve 25 yas ve cinsiyet uyumlu saglikli gonullu calismaya dahil edildi. Tum katilimcilar Mobil-O-Graph® marka nabiz dalga analizi cihazi ile nabiz dalga hizi (PWV) ve merkezi sistolik kan basinci (c-SBP) gibi hemodinamik parametrelerin invazif olmayan olcumu yoluyla arteriyel sertligin degerlendirmesine tabi tutuldu. Sol ventrikul ejeksiyon fraksiyonu (LVEF) ve sol ventrikul kitle indeksi (LVMI) M-mod ekokardiyografi ile olculdu. Cocukluk cagi kanseri sag kalanlarinin medyan yasi 12,5 (4,25-18) ve kemoterapi bitiminden sonraki medyan suresi 36 (12-116) aydi. Her iki grup da yas, vucut kitle indeksi, LVEF ve LVMI acisindan istatistiksel olarak benzerdi. Cocukluk cagi kanseri sag kalanlari, kontrollere kiyasla daha dusuk periferik sistolik kan basincina sahipti. Ortalama c-SBP ve PWV gruplar arasinda benzerdi. Onbes yasindan buyuk cocukluk cagi kanseri sag kalanlari, 15 yasindan kucuklerle benzer PWV degerine sahipti. Ambulatuar osilometrik PWA ile cocukluk cagi kanseri sag kalanlarinda kronik donemde subklinik arteriyel sertlik bulgusu tespit edilmedi. Subklinik vaskuler hasarin tespiti icin daha uzun takip suresi gerekli olabilir.

Objective: The diagnostic criteria set for HLH may look like symptoms of cancer or a severe bacterial infection common occurring when patients are immunosuppressed due to ongoing chemotherapy. Features similar to immune dysregulation in HLH also occur during pediatric acute leukemias. This immune dysregulation results unexpected cytopenias, fever, and splenomegaly in children with acute leukemia. We aim to analysis the pediatric acute leukemia pateints who had unexpected, prolonged cytopenias, and did not full-fill the HLH-2004 criteria set and received pulse methylprednisolone therapy up to three days Methodology: Data was analyzed retrospectively. The diagnosis of HLH was defined according to the HLH-2004 criteria set but two criterias (NK cell activity and sCD25 level) of HLH diagnosis were not studied due to lack of necessary equipment. Treatment response was defined as increasing neutrophil count above 500/mm3 in patients within the first seven days. Results: 12 patients received steroid for unexpected, prolonged cytopenias. Five or six of six criteria was not found. Four criteria in four, three criteria in five and two criteria in three patients was determined. All patients had cytopenia at least two of three lineages in peripheral blood, one of which was neutropenia. Hemophagocytosis in bone marrow sample was detected in eight patients. Ten patients (87%) recovered within the first seven days. Seven of nine thrombocytopenic patients recovered. Conclusion: In this report, the efficiency of short-term steroid treatment was demostrated in patients with unusual cytopenias who did not full-fill HLH criteria.

Complications and toxicities of chemotherapy are the significant causes of morbidity and mortality during the treatment of childhood leukemias. Respiratory viral infections are the most common cause of febrile neutropenia episodes and rarely spread to the salivary glands. We submitted 4 patients with acute leukemia who got diagnosed with acute sialadenitis during their chemotherapy period.

Background: In this study, it was aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of impacted deciduous molar teeth according to age, gender, dentition type, jaw, impaction type and the presence of permanent teeth.Materials and Methods: Panoramic radiographs of a total of 19.000 patients aged 4-14 were retrospectively evaluated. The patient's age, gender, dentition type, number and location of the impacted decidious molar tooth, impaction type and condition of permanent tooth were recorded. Descriptive statistics and Kolmogorov-Simirnov test were used for statistical evaluation of the data.Results: In the study, the prevalence of impacted deciduous molar teeth was found to be 0.17% (n = 32 patients). Half of the patients with impacted deciduous molar teeth were in the deciduous dentition and half were in the mixed dentition period. A total of 38 impacted deciduous molar teeth were found in 32 patients, 6 of these teeth were primary impacted and 32 were secondary impacted. Impacted deciduous molar teeth were more common in the lower jaw than in the upper jaw.Conclusions: Impaction, which is a rare problem in deciduous dentition, is often overlooked in routine clinical and radiographic examination. Early diagnosis and treatment of these teeth will prevent possible dental and orthodontic problems., Amaç: Bu çalışmada, gömülü süt azı dişlerin prevalansını ve yaş, cinsiyet, dentisyon tipi, bulunduğu çene, gömülülük tipi ve altındaki daimi dişin varlığına göre dağılımını belirlemek amaçlandı.Materyal ve metod: Çalışmada, Ocak 2016-Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında 4-14 yaş aralığındaki toplam 19.000 hastanın panoramik radyografileri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastanın yaşı, cinsiyeti, dentisyon tipi, gömülü süt azı dişinin numarası ve lokasyonu, gömülülük tipi ve gömülü süt azıların altında daimi diş olup/olmadığı kaydedildi. Verilerin istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve Kolmogorov-Simirnov testi kullanıldı.Bulgular: Çalışmada gömülü süt azı dişi görülme oranı %0.17 (n=32 hasta) olarak tespit edildi. Gömülü süt azı dişi tespit edilen hastaların yarısının süt dişlenme döneminde, yarısının karışık dişlenme döneminde olduğu belirlendi. 32 hastada toplam 38 gömülü süt azı dişi olduğu ve bu dişlerin 6 tanesinin primer gömülü, 32 tanesinin ise sekonder gömülü olduğu gözlendi. Alt çenede, üst çeneye göre daha fazla gömülü süt azı dişine rastlanıldı.Sonuç: Süt dentistonda nadir görülen bir sürme problemi olan gömülü kalma durumu, rutin klinik ve radyografik muayenede sıklıkla gözden kaçmaktadır. Bu dişlerin erken teşhisi ve tedavisi olası dental ve ortodontik sorunların önüne geçecektir.

Metamizole, which has antipyretic and pain-relieving properties, is generally used to treat fever in children who do not respond to paracetamol treatment. The most remarkable side effect of metamizole is that it causes myelotoxicity independently of dose. In this study, we aimed to present the clinical features of paediatric patients who developed agranulocytosis after the use of metamizole and draw attention to this side effect. The patients who were admitted to Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Hematology Service, between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2018, with a diagnosis of secondary agranulocytosis to metamizole use were examined retrospectively. In all, 12 patients were included in the study; oral metamizole was used in these patients for fever reduction. The mean absolute neutrophil count was 225/mm3 ± 226 (0–600/mm3) at admission, and the neutrophil value of 11 patients was < 500/mm3. The mean length of hospitalisation of the patients was 9.92 ± 8 (3–28) days. Eight patients received intravenous antibiotic therapy and four patients received at least one of the following treatments: intravenous immunoglobulin, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and methylprednisolone. Bone marrow aspiration examination showed neutrophil/band maturation delaying in the myeloid series with normocellular bone marrow in three patients. Hypocellularity in the bone marrow and decrease in myeloid precursors were observed in three patients. There were no fatal cases. The development of agranulocytosis after the use of metamizole causes long-term hospitalisation and may require the use of medications in treatment management. Considering the availability of alternative options to treat fever and pain, and given the side-effect profile of metamizole, it should not be the preferred, first-line antipyretic treatment in children.