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4. Loss of gut barrier integrity triggers activation of islet-reactive T cells and autoimmune diabetes

Author

Sorini, C, Cosorich, I, Lo Conte, M, De Giorgi, L, Facciotti, F, Lucianò, R, Rocchi, M, Ferrarese, R, Sanvito, F, Canducci, F, Falcone, M, Sorini C, Cosorich I, Lo Conte M, De Giorgi L, Facciotti F, Lucianò R, Rocchi M, Ferrarese R, Sanvito F, Canducci F, Falcone M, Sorini, C, Cosorich, I, Lo Conte, M, De Giorgi, L, Facciotti, F, Lucianò, R, Rocchi, M, Ferrarese, R, Sanvito, F, Canducci, F, Falcone, M, Sorini C, Cosorich I, Lo Conte M, De Giorgi L, Facciotti F, Lucianò R, Rocchi M, Ferrarese R, Sanvito F, Canducci F, and Falcone M

Abstract

Low-grade intestinal inflammation and alterations of gut barrier integrity are found in patients affected by extraintestinal autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes (T1D), but a direct causal link between enteropathy and triggering of autoimmunity is yet to be established. Here, we found that onset of autoimmunity in preclinical models of T1D is associated with alterations of the mucus layer structure and loss of gut barrier integrity. Importantly, we showed that breakage of the gut barrier integrity in BDC2.5XNOD mice carrying a transgenic T cell receptor (TCR) specific for a beta cell autoantigen leads to activation of islet-reactive T cells within the gut mucosa and onset of T1D. The intestinal activation of islet-reactive T cells requires the presence of gut microbiota and is abolished when mice are depleted of endogenous commensal microbiota by antibiotic treatment. Our results indicate that loss of gut barrier continuity can lead to activation of islet-specific T cells within the intestinal mucosa and to autoimmune diabetes and provide a strong rationale to design innovative therapeutic interventions in “at-risk” individuals aimed at restoring gut barrier integrity to prevent T1D occurrence.

Published
2019

5. Fecal Clostridiales distribution and short-chain fatty acids reflect bowel habits in irritable bowel syndrome

Author

Gargari, G, Taverniti, V, Gardana, C, Cremon, C, Canducci, F, Pagano, I, Barbaro, M, Bellacosa, L, Castellazzi, A, Valsecchi, C, Tagliacarne, S, Bellini, M, Bertani, L, Gambaccini, D, Marchi, S, Cicala, M, Germana, B, Dal Pont, E, Vecchi, M, Ogliari, C, Fiore, W, Stanghellini, V, Barbara, G, Guglielmetti, S, Gargari G., Taverniti V., Gardana C., Cremon C., Canducci F., Pagano I., Barbaro M. R., Bellacosa L., Castellazzi A. M., Valsecchi C., Tagliacarne S. C., Bellini M., Bertani L., Gambaccini D., Marchi S., Cicala M., Germana B., Dal Pont E., Vecchi M., Ogliari C., Fiore W., Stanghellini V., Barbara G., Guglielmetti S., Gargari, G, Taverniti, V, Gardana, C, Cremon, C, Canducci, F, Pagano, I, Barbaro, M, Bellacosa, L, Castellazzi, A, Valsecchi, C, Tagliacarne, S, Bellini, M, Bertani, L, Gambaccini, D, Marchi, S, Cicala, M, Germana, B, Dal Pont, E, Vecchi, M, Ogliari, C, Fiore, W, Stanghellini, V, Barbara, G, Guglielmetti, S, Gargari G., Taverniti V., Gardana C., Cremon C., Canducci F., Pagano I., Barbaro M. R., Bellacosa L., Castellazzi A. M., Valsecchi C., Tagliacarne S. C., Bellini M., Bertani L., Gambaccini D., Marchi S., Cicala M., Germana B., Dal Pont E., Vecchi M., Ogliari C., Fiore W., Stanghellini V., Barbara G., and Guglielmetti S.

Abstract

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a common functional gastrointestinal disorder, is classified according to bowel habits as IBS with constipation (IBS-C), with diarrhea (IBS-D), with alternating constipation and diarrhea (IBS-M), and unsubtyped (IBS-U). The mechanisms leading to the different IBS forms are mostly unknown. This study aims to evaluate whether specific fecal bacterial taxa and/or short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can be used to distinguish IBS subtypes and are relevant for explaining the clinical differences between IBS subcategories. We characterized five fecal samples collected at 4-weeks intervals from 40 IBS patients by 16S rRNA gene profiling and SCFA quantification. Finally, we investigated the potential correlations in IBS subtypes between the fecal microbial signatures and host physiological and clinical parameters. We found significant differences in the distribution of Clostridiales OTUs among IBS subtypes and reduced levels of SCFAs in IBS-C compared to IBS-U and IBS-D patients. Correlation analyses showed that the diverse representation of Clostridiales OTUs between IBS subtypes was associated with altered levels of SCFAs; furthermore, the same OTUs and SCFAs were associated with the fecal cytokine levels and stool consistency. Our results suggest that intestinal Clostridiales and SCFAs might serve as potential mechanistic biomarkers of IBS subtypes and represent therapeutic targets.

Published
2018

6. Revealing enterovirus infection in chronic human disorders: An integrated diagnostic approach.

Author

Genoni, A, Canducci, F, Rossi, A, Broccolo, F, Chumakov, K, Bono, G, Salerno-Uriarte, J, Salvatoni, A, Pugliese, A, Toniolo, A, Genoni A, Canducci F, Rossi A, Broccolo F, Chumakov K, Bono G, Salerno-Uriarte J, Salvatoni A, Pugliese A, Toniolo A., Genoni, A, Canducci, F, Rossi, A, Broccolo, F, Chumakov, K, Bono, G, Salerno-Uriarte, J, Salvatoni, A, Pugliese, A, Toniolo, A, Genoni A, Canducci F, Rossi A, Broccolo F, Chumakov K, Bono G, Salerno-Uriarte J, Salvatoni A, Pugliese A, and Toniolo A.

Abstract

Enteroviruses (EVs) causing persisting infection are characterized by minimal replication and genetic changes. Typing of these agents may complement disease assessment and shed light on pathogenesis. Here we report an integrated approach for EV detection in human samples that is based on pre-enrichment of virus in cell culture before search for the viral genome and viral antigens. Cases of post-polio syndrome, type 1 diabetes, and chronic cardiomyopathy were investigated. As tissue-based approaches require invasive procedures, information was mainly gleaned from virus in blood. Molecular assays targeting conserved genome regions of all EV types (5′UTR, 2 C, 3Dpol) were employed. As compared to direct assays of plasma or leukocytes, the EV detection rate was significantly enhanced by co-culture of leukocytes with cell lines prior to molecular and immunologic tests. Results of RT-PCR and sequencing were confirmed by staining cell cultures with a panel of EV-specific antibodies. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed that EVs of the C species (polioviruses) were associated with the post-polio syndrome, while members of the B species were found in type 1 diabetes and cardiomyopathy. The procedure may be used for investigating the possible association of different EVs with a variety of chronic neurologic, endocrine, and cardiac disorders.

Published
2017

13. H. PYLORI GASTRIC INFECTION IN RHEUMATIC DISEASES

Author

Danese, S., Gasbarrini, A., Zoli, A., Candelli, M., Franceschi, F., Ojetti, V., Armuzzi, A., Cammarota, G., Carloni, E., Cremonini, F., Gabrielli, M., Torre, E. Sanz, Zocca, M. A., Canducci, F., Magaro, M., and Gasbarrini, G.

Published
1999

15. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF REVIEWERS

Author

Adams, NG, Adekambi, T, Afeltra, J, Aguado, J, Aires de Sousa, M, Akiyoshi, K, Al Hasan, M, Ala-Kokko, T, Albert, M, Alfandari, S, Allen, D, Allerberger, F, Almyroudis, N, Alp, E, Amin, R, Anderson-Berry, A, Andes, DR, Andremont, A, Andreu, A, Angelakis, M, Antachopoulos, C, Antoniadou, A, Arabatzis, M, Arlet, G, Arnez, M, Arnold, C, Asensio, A, Asseray, N, Ausiello, C, Avni, T, Ayling, R, Baddour, L, Baguelin, M, Bányai, K, Barbour, A, Basco, LK, Bauer, D, Bayston, R, Beall, B, Becker, K, Behr, M, Bejon, P, Belliot, G, Benito-Fernandez, J, Benjamin, D, Benschop, K, Berencsi, G, Bergeron, MG, Bernard, K, Berner, R, Beyersmann, J, Bille, J, Bizzini, A, Bjarnsholt, T, Blanc, D, Blanco, J, Blot, S, Bohnert, J, Boillat, N, Bonomo, R, Bonten, M, Bordon, JM, Borel, N, Boschiroli, ML, Bosilkovski, M, Bosso, JA, Botelho-Nevers, E, Bou, G, Bretagne, S, Brouqui, P, Brun-Buisson, C, Brunetto, M, Bucher, H, Buchheidt, D, Buckling, A, Bulpa, P, Cambau, E, Canducci, F, Cantón, R, Capobianchi, M, Carattoli, A, Carcopino, X, Cardona-Castro, N, Carling, PC, Carrat, F, Castilla, J, Castilletti, C, Cavaco, L, Cavallo, R, Ceccherini-Silberstein, F, Centrón, D, Chappuis, F, Charrel, R, Chen, M, Chevaliez, S, Chezzi, C, Chomel, B, Chowers, M, Chryssanthou, E, Ciammaruconi, A, Ciccozzi, M, Cid, J, Ciofu, O, Cisneros, D, Ciufolini, MG, Clark, C, Clarke, SC, Clayton, R, Clementi, M, Clemons, K, Cloeckaert, Ael, Cloud, J, Coenye, T, Cohen Bacri, S, Cohen, R, Coia, J, Colombo, A, Colson, P, Concerse, P, Cordonnier, C, Cormican, M, Cornaglia, G, Cornely, O, Costa, S, Cots, F, Craxi, A, Creti, R, Crnich, C, Cuenca Estrella, M, Cusi, MG, d'Ettorre, G, da Cruz Lamas, C, Daikos, G, Dannaoui, E, De Barbeyrac, B, De Grazia, S, de Jager, C, de Lamballerie, X, de Marco, F, del Palacio, A, Delpeyroux, F, Denamur, E, Denis, O, Depaquit, J, Deplano, A, Desenclos, J-C, Desjeux, P, Deutch, S, Di Luca, D, Dianzani, F, Diep, B, Diestra, K, Dignani, C, Dimopoulos, G, Divizia, M, Doi, Y, Dornbusch, HJ, Dotis, J, Drancourt, M, Drevinek, P, Dromer, F, Dryden, M, Dubreuil, L, Dubus, J-C, Dumitrescu, O, Dumke, R, DuPont, H, Edelstein, M, Eggimann, P, Eis-Huebinger, A-M, El Atrouni, WI, Entenza, J, Ergonul, O, Espinel-Ingroff, A, Esteban, J, Etienne, J, Fan, X-G, Fenollar, F, Ferrante, P, Ferrieri, P, Ferry, T, Feuchtinger, T, Finegold, S, Fingerle, V, Fitch, M, Fitzgerald, R, Flori, P, Fluit, A, Fontana, R, Fournier, PE, François, M, Francois, P, Freedman, DO, Friedrich, A, Gallego, L, Gallinella, G, Gangneux, J-P, Gannon, V, Garbarg-Chenon, A, Garbino, J, Garnacho-Montero, J, Gatermann, Soeren, Gautret, P, Gentile, G, Gerlich, W, Ghannoum, M, Ghebremedhin, B, Ghigo, E, Giamarellos-Bourboulis, E, Girgis, R, Giske, C, Glupczynski, Y, Gnarpe, J, Gomez-Barrena, E, Gorwitz, RJ, Gosselin, R, Goubau, P, Gould, E, Gradel, K, Gray, J, Gregson, D, Greub, G, Grijalva, CG, Groll, A, Groschup, M, Gutiérrez, J, Hackam, DG, Hall, WA, Hallett, R, Hansen, S, Harbarth, S, Harf-Monteil, C, Hasanjani, Roushan MR, Hasler, P, Hatchette, T, Hauser, P, He, Q, Hedges, A, Helbig, J, Hennequin, C, Herrmann, B, Hezode, C, Higgins, P, Hoesli, I, Hoiby, N, Hope, W, Houvinen, P, Hsu, LY, Huard, R, Humphreys, H, Icardi, M, Imoehl, M, Ivanova, K, Iwamoto, T, Izopet, J, Jackson, Y, Jacobsen, K, Jang, TN, Jasir, A, Jaulhac, B, Jaureguy, F, Jefferies, JM, Jehl, F, Johnstone, J, Joly-Guillou, M-L, Jonas, M, Jones, M, Joukhadar, C, Kahl, B, Kaier, K, Kaiser, L, Kato, H, Katragkou, A, Kearns, A, Kern, W, Kerr, K, Kessin, R, Kibbler, C, Kimberlin, D, Kittang, B, Klaassen, C, Kluytmans, J, Ko, W-C, Koh, W-J, Kostrzewa, M, Kourbeti, I, Krause, R, Krcmery, V, Krizova, P, Kuijper, E, Kullberg, B-J, Kumar, G, Kunin, CM, La Scola, B, Lagging, M, Lagrou, K, Lamagni, T, Landini, P, Landman, D, Larsen, A, Lass-Floerl, C, Laupland, K, Lavigne, JP, Leblebicioglu, H, Lee, B, Lee, CH, Leggat, P, Lehours, P, Leibovici, Lonard, Leon, L, Leonard, N, Leone, M, Lescure, X, Lesprit, P, Levy, PY, Lew, D, Lexau, CA, Li, S-Y, Li, W, Lieberman, D, Lina, B, Lina, G, Lindsay, JA, Livermore, D, Lorente, L, Lortholary, O, Lucet, J-C, Lund, B, Lütticken, R, MacLeod, C, Madhi, S, Maertens, J, Maggi, F, Maiden, M, Maillard, J-Y, Maira-Litran, T, Maltezou, H, Manian, FA, Mantadakis, E, Maragakis, L, Marcelin, A-G, Marchaim, D, Marchetti, O, Marcos, M, Markotic, A, Martina, B, Martínez, J, Martinez, J-L, Marty, F, Maurin, M, McGee, L, Mediannikov, O, Meersseman, W, Megraud, F, Meletiadis, J, Mellmann, A, Meyer, E, Meyer, W, Meylan, P, Michalopoulos, A, Micol, R, Midulla, F, Mikami, Y, Miller, RF, Miragaia, M, Miriagou, V, Mitchell, TJ, Miyakis, S, Mokrousov, I, Monecke, S, Mönkemüller, K, Monno, L, Monod, M, Morales, G, Moriarty, F, Morosini, I, Mortensen, E, Mubarak, K, Mueller, B, Mühlemann, K, Muñoz Bellido, JL, Murray, P, Muscillo, M, Mylotte, J, Naessens, A, Nagy, E, Nahm, MH, Nassif, X, Navarro, D, Navarro, F, Neofytos, D, Nes, I, Ní Eidhin, D, Nicolle, L, Niederman, MS, Nigro, G, Nimmo, G, Nordmann, P, Nougairède, A, Novais, A, Nygard, K, Oliveira, D, Orth, D, Ortiz, JR, Osherov, N, Österblad, M, Ostrosky-Zeichner, L, Pagano, L, Palamara, AT, Pallares, R, Panagopoulou, P, Pandey, P, Panepinto, J, Pappas, G, Parkins, M, Parola, P, Pasqualotto, A, Pasteran, F, Paul, M, Pawlotsky, J-M, Peeters, M, Peixe, L, Pepin, J, Peralta, G, Pereyre, S, Perfect, JR, Petinaki, E, Petric, M, Pettigrew, M, Pfaller, M, Philipp, M, Phillips, G, Pichichero, M, Pierangeli, A, Pierard, D, Pigrau, C, Pilishvili, T, Pinto, F, Pistello, M, Pitout, J, Poirel, L, Poli, G, Poppert, S, Posfay-Barbe, K, Pothier, P, Poxton, I, Poyart, C, Pozzetto, B, Pujol, M, Pulcini, C, Punyadeera, C, Ramirez, M, Ranque, S, Raoult, D, Rasigade, J-P, Re, MC, Reilly, JS, Reinert, R, Renaud, B, Rice, L, Rich, S, Richet, H, Rigouts, L, Riva, E, Rizzo, C, Robotham, J, Rodicio, MR, Rodriguez, J, Rodriguez-Bano, J, Rogier, C, Roilides, E, Rolain, J-M, Rooijakkers, S, Rooney, P, Rossi, F, Rotimi, V, Rottman, M, Roux, V, Ruhe, J, Russo, G, Sadowy, E, Sagel, U, Said, SI, Saijo, M, Sak, B, Sa-Leao, R, Sanders, EAM, Sanguinetti, M, Sarrazin, C, Savelkoul, P, Scheifele, D, Schmidt, W-P, Schønheyder, H, Schönrich, G, Schrenzel, J, Schubert, S, Schwarz, K, Schwarz, S, Sefton, A, Segondy, M, Seifert, H, Seng, P, Senneville, E, Sexton, D, Shafer, RW, Shalit, I, Shankar, N, Shata, TM, Shields, J, Sibley, C, Sicinschi, L, Siljander, T, Simitsopoulou, M, Simoons-Smit, AM, Sissoko, D, Sjögren, J, Skiada, A, Skoczynska, A, Skov, R, Slack, M, Sogaard, M, Sola, C, Soriano, A, Sotto, A, Sougakoff, W, Souli, M, Spelberg, B, Spelman, D, Spiliopoulou, I, Springer, B, Stefani, S, Stein, A, Steinbach, WJ, Steinbakk, M, Strakova, L, Strenger, V, Sturm, P, Sullivan, P, Sutton, D, Symmons, D, Tacconelli, E, Tamalet, C, Tang, JW, Tang, Y-W, Tattevin, P, Thibault, V, Thomsen, RW, Thuny, F, Tong, S, Torres, C, Townsend, R, Tristan, A, Trouillet, J-L, Tsai, H-C, Tsitsopoulos, P, Tuerlinckx, D, Tulkens, P, Tumbarello, M, Tureen, J, Turnidge, JD, Turriziani, O, Tutuian, R, Uçkay, I, Upton, M, Vabret, A, Vamvakas, EC, van den Boom, D, Van Eldere, J, van Leeuwen, W, van Strijp, J, Van Veen, S, Vandamme, P, Vandenesch, F, Vayssier, M, Velin, D, Venditti, M, Venter, M, Venuti, A, Vergnaud, G, Verheij, T, Verhofstede, C, Viscoli, C, Vizza, CD, Vogel, U, Waller, A, Wang, YF, Warn, P, Warris, A, Wauters, G, Weidmann, M, Weill, F-X, Weinberger, M, Welch, D, Wellinghausen, N, Wheat, J, Widmer, A, Wild, F, Willems, R, Willinger, B, Winstanley, C, Witte, W, Wolff, M, Wong, F, Wootton, M, Wyllie, D, Xu, W, Yamamoto, S, Yaron, S, Yildirim, I, Zaoutis, T, Zazzi, M, Zbinden, R, Zehender, Gianguglielmo G, Zemlickova, H, Zerbini, ML, Zhang, L, Zhang, Y, Zhao, Y-D, Zhu, Z, and Zimmerli, W

Published
2011
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17. Quantitative HIV-1 proviral DNA detection: a multicentre analysis

Author

De Rossi A, Zanchetta M, Vitone F, Antonelli G, Bagnarelli P, Luigi Buonaguro, Capobianchi MR, Clementi M, Abbate I, Canducci F, Monachetti A, Riva E, Rozera G, Scagnolari C, Tagliamonte M, Mc, Re, Sivim, Group, De Rossi, A, Zanchetta, M, Vitone, F, Antonelli, G, Bagnarelli, P, Buonaguro, L, Capobianchi, Mr, Clementi, Massimo, Abbate, I, Canducci, F, Monachetti, A, Riva, E, Rozera, G, Scagnolari, C, Tagliamonte, M, Re, Mc, De Rossi A, Zanchetta M, Vitone F, Antonelli G, Bagnarelli P, Buonaguro L, Capobianchi MR, Clementi M, Abbate I, Canducci F, Monachetti A, Riva E, Rozera G, Scagnolari C, Tagliamonte M, and Re MC

Subjects
DNA detection, HIV, HIV Infections, Viral Load, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, dna detection, hiv, standardization, Standardization, Cell Line, Italy, Proviruses, HIV, DNA detection, Standardization, DNA, Viral, HIV-1, Humans, Telomerase
Abstract

Despite the widespread use of molecular biology techniques, standardized methods for the measurement of HIV-1 proviral DNA are currently lacking and several discordant results are still present in different studies. To assess the clinical meaning of the proviral DNA load, a study group comprising seven different laboratories was set up to standardize a HIV-1 proviral DNA quantification method able to assess the DNA proviral load of the most relevant circulating HIV-1 subtypes. Reference samples (24 cellular samples infected with HIV-1 clade B, and 40 samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells containing different concentrations of plasmids expressing different HIV-1 clades) were distributed and tested blindly. All laboratories employed hTERT gene as housekeeping gene and primers within the gag gene to quantify different HIV-1 clades. Inter-laboratory results did not differ statistically but showed only minor variations concerning HIV-1 DNA amounts and different HIV clades, with a good agreement among the laboratories participating in the study. Since test standardization represents a key step for future application in clinical practice, further studies of the patients' samples are in progress to establish the real meaning and utility of the proviral DNA load for clinical management of HIV-1 infected patients.

Published
2010

20. Characterization of GBV-C infection in HIV-1 infected patients

Author

Canducci, F., Foppa, C. U., Boeri, E., Racca, S., Gallotta, G., Grasso, M. A., Calori, G., Adriano LAZZARIN, Clementi, M., Canducci, F, UBERTI FOPPA, Caterina, Boeri, E, Racca, S, Gallotta, G, Grasso, Ma, Calori, G, Lazzarin, A, and Clementi, Massimo

Subjects
Adult, Male, Genotype, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, GB virus C, HIV Infections, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Flaviviridae Infections, Middle Aged, Viral Load, Blotting, Northern, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, HIV Long-Term Survivors, Italy, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, HIV-1, Humans, RNA, Viral, Female, Databases, Nucleic Acid, Sequence Alignment, Phylogeny
Abstract

Background. GB virus C, a positive-stranded RNA virus, is classified in the family Flaviviridae. It is currently believed that persistent infection occurs in 25-50% of infected individuals, however, it still remains an "orphan" virus in search of a role in human pathology. Molecular epidemiological studies have demonstrated that GBV-C infection is present in about 1-1.4% of the healthy population in developed countries, that it shares routes of transmission with HIV and HCV and that the prevalence of GBV-C in these populations is higher than in blood donors. On the basis of the sequence variation among the isolates, GBV-C is classified into at least four major genotypes. Preliminary evidence has suggested that GBV-C is a lymphotropic virus that replicates mainly in the spleen and bone marrow. Recently, several reports have investigated the possible beneficial effect of GBV-C co-infection on HIV disease progression to AIDS, reduced mortality in HIV infected individuals and lower HIV viral loads, not leading to a definitive conclusion yet. Aim. To investigate the role of GBV virus C co-infection in two different subsets of HIV-infected patients, and to evaluate the prevalence of GBV-C genotypes in Northern Italy. Methods. A total of 86 HIV positive patients were examined for GBV-C viremia (years after HIV sera conversion: 12 +/- 5). Control population (Group A): 46 patients (mean age 42 years) with 500 CD4/ml for at least 8 years and never treated with HAART. After extraction of viral RNA from plasma samples, amplification of a highly conserved region of 5'UTR was performed by nested RT-PCR. All positive samples were genotyped by sequencing, alignment with published sequences and phylogenetic analysis. CD4 cell count, HIV plasma levels were also evaluated. Results. 9 out of 46 (19.56%) in Group A and 15 out of 40 (37.5%) in Group B had detectable GBV-C viremia (p=0.064, OR 2.47, percent confidence interval 0.94 to 6.51). No statistical difference was observed when disease stage was evaluated between the two groups. In Group B, after regression analysis for CD4 cell count decrease over the period observed, no significant difference was detected between GBV-C positive and negative patients. No significant difference was observed in Group B in HIV viremia and CD4 cell count at time of GBV-C detection between GBV-C infected patients and GBV-C negative patients. All Italian patients were genotype 2, the only African patient carried GBV-C genotype 1. Conclusions. Although previous results suggest that GBV-C virus may be a favorable marker for long term non progression of HIV disease, whether it plays a direct anti-HIV role or just takes advantage of non progessors' higher CD4 cell count to replicate more efficiently, still remains to be answered. Follow up of untreated patients and further evaluation of virological interactions, between the viruses and the host immune system, will be helpful to shed some light on these observations, offering new prognostic and eventually therapeutical tools for the management of HIV patients.

Published
2003

21. Heterogeneity of the humoral anti-HCV/E2 response in persistently infected patients as demonstrated by divergent patterns of inhibition of the binding of anti-HCV/E2 human monoclonal antibodies

Author

Mancini, N., Canducci, F., Carletti, S., Berardinelli, E., Serafini, G., Grieco, A., Perotti, M., Malcangi, G., Danieli, M. G., Pietro VARALDO, Clementi, M., Burioni, R., Mancini, Nicasio, Canducci, F, Carletti, S, Berardinelli, E, Serafini, G, Grieco, A, Perotti, M, Malcangi, G, Danieli, Mg, Varaldo, Pe, Clementi, Massimo, and Burioni, Roberto

Subjects
Genotype, Models, Immunological, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Hepacivirus, Hepatitis C Antibodies, Viral Load, Binding, Competitive, Hepatitis C, Recombinant Proteins, Epitopes, Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments, Viral Envelope Proteins, Antibody Formation, Humans, Hepatitis C Antigens, Peptides, Oligopeptides
Abstract

A complete understanding of the molecular features of humoral immune response could be of pivotal importance in the management of persistent viruses as HCV. In this study, 24 HCV-positive samples, characterized by classical virological parameters, are evaluated using a new assay for the quantitation of antibody subpopulations directed against discrete epitopes on surface glycoprotein E2, a key viral protein. The results, besides confirming the usefulness of this new approach, highlight the extreme heterogeneity of anti-HCV/E2 response as far as single epitopes are concerned. The specific epitopes under study are also demonstrated to be widely shared among different genotypes.

Published
2003

22. Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics for weight loss and metabolic syndrome in the microbiome era.

Author

FERRARESE, R., CERESOLA, E. R., PRETI, A., and CANDUCCI, F.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Excessive body fat and the associated dysmetabolic consequences affect both developed and emerging countries. An altered gut microbiota composition is an important environmental cause of these conditions. Clinical trials targeting gut microbiome composition or functions with pro or prebiotics to promote a healthier profile are considered a promising tool for excessive body weight treatment and prevention of dysmetabolic complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched PubMed and Cochrane Library using combinations of probiotics/prebiotics and synbiotics with obesity/ weight loss/metabolic syndrome as the search terms. Clinical studies and significant pre-clinical results showing molecular mechanisms supporting clinical results were also discussed. RESULTS: Several studies in humans and in animal models have elucidated biological mechanisms supporting the observed clinical efficacy of selected probiotic and prebiotic compounds for weight management. Efficacy appears to be species or strain-specific. Fibers such as inulin or galactomannan promote independent and synergistic beneficial effects. CONCLUSIONS: Diet supplementation with synbiotics prepared using selected strains (such as Lactobacillus gasseri strains) showed to exert weight-reduction and anti-inflammatory activity in large independent studies. Their administration, together with galactomannan and/or inulin fibers, may increase weight management effects due to synergistic effect on short chain fatty acid production and microbiota 're-configuration'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

23. Targeting patients' microbiota with probiotics and natural fibers in adults and children with constipation.

Author

CERESOLA, E. R., FERRARESE, R., PRETI, A., and CANDUCCI, F.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Functional constipation (FC) is a common condition in which the gut microbiota composition plays a fundamental role. The increasing knowledge on the role of gut microbes in the regulation of gut motility and stool consistency has allowed reconsidering, with a new scientific-based approach, the possibility to target the composition of intestinal bacterial populations for FC treatment. In this review, we evaluate recent attempts that used prebiotics, natural fibers or probiotics to treat FC, with a deep microbiome-based focus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a literature review of articles published in Medline, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Studies on FC in adults and children were identified using the following terms: constipation AND probiotics OR prebiotics OR synbiotics PR fibers OR microbiome OR microbiota. Selected animal studies were also considered if showing mechanistic observations. RESULTS: FC is associated with alteration in microbiome composition. Motility and fecal consistency are affected with different efficacy by the type of fiber, prebiotic or probiotic strain used in patients. CONCLUSIONS: Selected bacterial strains, mainly belonging to the Bifidobacterium genus, and some poorly or non-fermented natural fibers, such as Psyllium, may significantly improve FC and may represent the basis for an effective supplementation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

24. Viral tropism by geno2pheno as a tool for predicting CD4 decrease in HIV-1-infected naive patients with high CD4 counts

Author

Nozza, S, Canducci, F, Galli, L, Cozzi Lepri, A, Capobianchi, Mr, Ceresola, Er, Narciso, P, Libertone, R, Castelli, P, Moioli, M, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Castagna, A, Collaborators: Moroni M, ICONA F. o. u. n. d. a. t. i. o. n., Carosi, Giampiero, Cauda, R, Chiodo, F, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Di Perri, G, Galli, M, Iardino, R, Ippolito, G, Lazzarin, A, Panebianco, R, Pastore, G, Perno, C, Ammassari, A, Antinori, A, Arici, C, Balotta, C, Bonfanti, P, Capobianchi, M, Ceccherini Silberstein, F, De Luca, A, Gervasoni, C, Girardi, E, Lo Caputo, S, Murri, R, Mussini, C, Puoti, M, Torti, Carlo, Montroni, M, Scalise, G, Braschi, M, Riva, A, Tirelli, U, Martellotta, F, Ladisa, N, Suter, F, Colangeli, V, Fiorini, C, Coronado, O, Carosi, G, Cristini, G, Torti, C, Minardi, C, Bertelli, D, Quirino, T, Manconi, P, Piano, P, Pizzigallo, E, D'Alessandro, M, Ghinelli, F, Sighinolfi, L, Leoncini, F, Mazzotta, F, Pozzi, M, Grisorio, B, Ferrara, S, Pagano, G, Cassola, G, Alessandrini, A, Piscopo, R, Soscia, F, Tacconi, L, Orani, A, Perini, P, Chiodera, F, Moroni, M, Rizzardini, G, Caggese, L, Galli, A, Merli, S, Pastecchia, C, Esposito, R, Abrescia, N, Chirianni, A, De Marco, M, Viglietti, R, Ferrari, C, Pizzaferri, P, Filice, G, Bruno, R, Magnani, G, Ursitti, M, Arlotti, M, Ortolani, P, Antonucci, G, Vullo, V, Zaccarelli, M, Acinapura, R, De Longis, P, Trotta, M, Lichtner, M, Carletti, F, Mura, M, Mannazzu, M, Caramello, P, Orofino, G, Sciandra, M, Raise, E, Ebo, F, Pellizzer, G, and Buonfrate, D.

Published
2012

27. Correlation between delta(CO2)-C-13 excretion and prevalence of dyspeptic symptoms in subjects evaluated for H. pylori infection by C-13-urea breath test

Author

Franceschi, F., Armuzzi, A., Maniccia, E., Ojetti, V., Torre, Es, Marcello Candelli, Gabrielli, M., Danese, S., Canducci, F., Cremonini, F., Carloni, E., Anti, M., Gasbarrini, G., Gasbarrini, A., Franceschi, F, Armuzzi, A, Maniccia, E, Ojetti, V, Torre, E, Candelli, M, Gabrielli, M, Danese, S, Canducci, F, Cremonini, F, Carloni, E, Anti, M, Gasbarrini, G, and Gasbarrini, A

Published
1999

28. HIV DNA loads, plasma residual viraemia and risk of virological rebound in heavily treated, virologically suppressed HIV-infected patients

Author

Gianotti, N., primary, Canducci, F., additional, Galli, L., additional, Cossarini, F., additional, Salpietro, S., additional, Poli, A., additional, Nozza, S., additional, Spagnuolo, V., additional, Clementi, M., additional, Sampaolo, M., additional, Ceresola, E.R., additional, Racca, S., additional, Lazzarin, A., additional, and Castagna, A., additional

Published
2015
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29. The CUE (Catholic University Epidemiological) study: Prevalence of H-pylori infection in a population working at a university hospital

Author

Gasbarrini, G., Gasbarrini, A., Anti, M., Armuzzi, A., Franceschi, F., Lippi, Me, Marcello Candelli, Paolucci, M., Cicconi, V., Danese, S., Canducci, F., Cammarota, G., Pretolani, S., Stroffolini, T., Gasbarrini, G, Gasbarrini, A, Anti, M, Armuzzi, A, Franceschi, F, Lippi, Me, Candelli, M, Paolucci, M, Cicconi, V, Danese, S, Canducci, F, Cammarota, G, Pretolani, S, and Stroffolini, T

Published
1998

31. GB virus C and survival in persons with HIV infection

Author

Björkman, P., Flamholc, L., Widell, A., Canducci, F., Lazzarin, A., Clementi, M., Stapleton, J. T., Williams, C. F., and Xiang, J.

Subjects
biology, business.industry, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), medicine, General Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, biology.organism_classification, business, Virology, GB virus C
Published
2004

34. Relationship between stage, site and morphological characteristics of pelvic endometriosis and pain

Author

Parazzini, F., Cipriani, S., Moroni, S., Crosignani, P. G., Ciavattini, A., Garzetti, G., Dolcetta, G., Scollo, M., Vicino, M., Loverro, G., Sabatelli, S., Decca, L., Falsetti, L., Giacomucci, E., Flamigni, C., Mais, V., Guerriero, S., Boscia, F., Sangiorgio, G., Scollo, P., Muriana, A., La Greca, M., Distefano, C., Belloni, C., Spolaor, L., Bianchi, A., Aretini, Franchini, M., Bracco, M., Coccia, G. L., Scarselli, M. E., Ciuffreda, G. F., Fiscella, F., Tinelli, C., Demarzi, F., Bianco, C. A., Iannelli, B., Radaelli, A., Meroni, U., Federici, N., Calia, D., Vercellini, C., Bertulessi, P., Hanozet, C., Busacca, F., Dal Pozzo, M., Pieroni, G., Lita, A., Bracciante, P., Baiocchi, R., Congiu, G., Fanfani, M. A., Sesti, R., Bonifacio, F., Porpora, Maria Grazia, Pittino, M. G., Del Frate, M., Dessole, G., Capobianco, S., Montanino Oliva, G., Primilerio, M., Micalef, M., Ansaldi, S., Massobrio, E. A., Guidetti, M., Aj, D., Rosati, M., Dionisio, Di, Bracalente, A., Guaschino, G., Troiano, S., De Seta, L., Santuz, F., Petraglia, M., Canducci, F., Beretta, E., and De Santo, P.

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Vaginal Diseases, Endometriosis, Ovary, Pelvic Pain, Peritoneal Diseases, Menstruation, Dysmenorrhea, Surveys and Questionnaires, site, Medicine, Humans, pain, Ovarian Diseases, Stage (cooking), Gynecology, Pelvic endometriosis, business.industry, Obstetrics, Pelvic pain, Rehabilitation, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, stage, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dyspareunia, Rectal Diseases, Reproductive Medicine, Ovarian Endometriosis, Female, endometriosis, Atypical Endometriosis, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND The relationship between frequency and severity of pain symptoms and site, stage and morphological characteristics of endometriotic lesions was analysed in a multicentre cross-sectional observational study. METHODS A total of 469 women (median age 31 years, range 18-45) who met the following criteria were consecutively observed in the participating centres during the study period: age 18-45 years, first laparoscopic or laparotomic diagnosis of endometriosis, pain symptoms lasting > or = 6 months, pain as the main or only complaint of the condition, absence of pelvic anomalies and no previous pelvic surgery. Dysmenorrhoea and non-menstrual pain were evaluated using a multidimensional verbal rating scale. The women were requested to grade the severity of dysmenorrhoea, non-menstrual pelvic pain and deep dyspareunia using a 10-point linear analogue scale. RESULTS Dysmenorrhoea was present in 77% of subjects with ovarian endometriosis, 88% of those with endometriosis of the peritoneum, 92% of subjects with endometriosis of both ovary and peritoneum and in all the subjects with endometriosis of rectovaginal septum. These differences were not statistically significant after Bonferroni's correction. No marked difference emerged between the severity of dysmenorrhoea and site of endometriosis, but women with ovarian endometriosis tended to have lower scores (not significant). No clear association emerged between frequency and severity of non-menstrual pain, dyspareunia and site of endometriosis and the presence and severity of dysmenorrhoea, non-menstrual pain and dyspareunia. Dyspareunia was more frequently reported in women with only atypical endometriosis (56.8%) versus 47.7% in women with typical endometriosis, but with borderline significance (P = 0.05). Dyspareunia occurred in 68.2% of patients with both typical and atypical lesions. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study find no clear-cut association between stage, site or morphological characteristics of pelvic endometriosis and pain.

Published
2001

35. Helicobacter pylori: a culprit in extraintestinal diseases?

Author

Cremonini, Filippo, Canducci, F, Gabrielli, Maurizio, Di Caro, Simona, Santarelli, Luca, Nista, Ec, Lupascu, Andrea, Gasbarrini, Giovanni Battista, and Gasbarrini, Antonio

Subjects
Settore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIA, extraintestinal disease, helicobacter pylori
Published
2001

36. Performance of genotypic tropism testing in clinical practice using the enhanced sensitivity version of Trofile as reference assay: results from the OSCAR Study Group

Author

Svicher, V, D'Arrigo, R, Alteri, C, Andreoni, M, Angarano, G, Antinori, A, Antonelli, G, Bagnarelli, P, Baldanti, F, Bertoli, A, Borderi, M, Boeri, E, Bonn, I, Bruzzone, B, Callegaro, Ap, Cammarota, R, Canducci, F, Ceccherini Silberstein, F, Clementi, M, Monforte, Ad, De Luca, Andrea, Di Biagio, A, Di Giambenedetto, Simona, Di Perri, G, Di Pietro, M, Fabeni, L, Fadda, Giovanni, Galli, M, Gennari, W, Ghisetti, V, Giacometti, A, Gori, A, Leoncini, F, Maggiolo, F, Maserati, R, Mazzotta, F, Micheli, V, Meini, G, Monno, L, Mussini, C, Nozza, S, Paolucci, S, Parisi, S, Pecorari, M, Pizzi, D, Quirino, T, Re, Mc, Rizzardini, G, Santangelo, Rosaria, Soria, A, Stazi, F, Sterrantino, G, Turriziani, O, Viscoli, C, Vullo, V, Lazzarin, A, Perno, Cf, Oscar, Study Group, De Luca, Andrea (ORCID:0000-0002-8311-6935), Di Giambenedetto, Simona (ORCID:0000-0001-6990-5076), Santangelo, Rosaria (ORCID:0000-0002-8056-218X), Svicher, V, D'Arrigo, R, Alteri, C, Andreoni, M, Angarano, G, Antinori, A, Antonelli, G, Bagnarelli, P, Baldanti, F, Bertoli, A, Borderi, M, Boeri, E, Bonn, I, Bruzzone, B, Callegaro, Ap, Cammarota, R, Canducci, F, Ceccherini Silberstein, F, Clementi, M, Monforte, Ad, De Luca, Andrea, Di Biagio, A, Di Giambenedetto, Simona, Di Perri, G, Di Pietro, M, Fabeni, L, Fadda, Giovanni, Galli, M, Gennari, W, Ghisetti, V, Giacometti, A, Gori, A, Leoncini, F, Maggiolo, F, Maserati, R, Mazzotta, F, Micheli, V, Meini, G, Monno, L, Mussini, C, Nozza, S, Paolucci, S, Parisi, S, Pecorari, M, Pizzi, D, Quirino, T, Re, Mc, Rizzardini, G, Santangelo, Rosaria, Soria, A, Stazi, F, Sterrantino, G, Turriziani, O, Viscoli, C, Vullo, V, Lazzarin, A, Perno, Cf, Oscar, Study Group, De Luca, Andrea (ORCID:0000-0002-8311-6935), Di Giambenedetto, Simona (ORCID:0000-0001-6990-5076), and Santangelo, Rosaria (ORCID:0000-0002-8056-218X)

Published
2010

38. Efficacy and safety of an NRTI-sparing regimen in antiretroviral-naïve HIV-infected patients: once-daily maraviroc plus lopinavir/ritonavir

Author

Nozza, S., Galli, L., Di Pietro, M., Mazzotta, F., Canducci, F., Pogliaghi, M., Chiappetta, S., Galli, A., Rusconi, V., Salpietro, S., Tambussi, G., and Lazzarin, A.

Subjects
Maraviroc -- Dosage and administration -- Testing, Practice guidelines (Medicine) -- Evaluation, Lopinavir -- Dosage and administration -- Testing, Ritonavir -- Dosage and administration -- Testing, HIV infection -- Drug therapy, Health
Abstract

7‐11 November 2010, Tenth International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection, Glasgow, UK, Current guidelines recommend three drug combinations to treat antiretroviral naïve HIV‐infected patients; some data of novel strategies with NRTI‐sparing regimen in this setting are now available [1,2]. The study compares [...]

Published
2010
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41. A) Onset of Berger disease after Staphylococcus aureus infection: septic arthritis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Author

Pola, Enrico, Logroscino, Giandomenico, De Santis, Vincenzo, Canducci, F, Delcogliano, Antonio, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Pola, Enrico (ORCID:0000-0001-5350-3910), Logroscino, Giandomenico (ORCID:0000-0003-1301-5343), De Santis, Vincenzo (ORCID:0000-0002-4713-2305), Gasbarrini, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), Pola, Enrico, Logroscino, Giandomenico, De Santis, Vincenzo, Canducci, F, Delcogliano, Antonio, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Pola, Enrico (ORCID:0000-0001-5350-3910), Logroscino, Giandomenico (ORCID:0000-0003-1301-5343), De Santis, Vincenzo (ORCID:0000-0002-4713-2305), and Gasbarrini, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823)

Published
2003

42. Probiotics and Helicobacter pylori eradication

Author

Canducci, F, Cremonini, Filippo, Armuzzi, Alessandro, Di Caro, Simona, Gabrielli, M, Santarelli, L, Nista, Enrico Celestino, Lupascu, Andrea, De Martini, Demetrio, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Armuzzi, Alessandro (ORCID:0000-0003-1572-0118), Gasbarrini, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), Canducci, F, Cremonini, Filippo, Armuzzi, Alessandro, Di Caro, Simona, Gabrielli, M, Santarelli, L, Nista, Enrico Celestino, Lupascu, Andrea, De Martini, Demetrio, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Armuzzi, Alessandro (ORCID:0000-0003-1572-0118), and Gasbarrini, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823)

Abstract

The need for new strategies for Helicobacter pylori eradication, alternative or complementary to antibiotic therapy, has recently claimed the attention of many investigators. Pre-clinical studies have shown the inhibition of Helicobacter pylori growth by Lactobacilli and the anti-Helicobacter pylori action of Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei subspecies rhamnosus strains, possibly due to the production of lactic acid or to the secretion of an autolysin. Clinical studies have demonstrated a persistent reduction in delta over baseline values at the 13C urea breath test independently of omeprazole administration with Lactobacillus acidophilus La1, the eradication in 6 out of 14 patients with Lactobacillus acidophilus alone, positive results in patients in which a standard Helicobacter pylori triple therapy was randomly supplemented with Lactobacillus acidophilus.

Published
2002

43. Helicobacter pylori treatment: a role for probiotics?

Author

Cremonini, Filippo, Canducci, F, Di Caro, Simona, Santarelli, Luca, Armuzzi, Alessandro, Gasbarrini, Giovanni Battista, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Armuzzi, Alessandro (ORCID:0000-0003-1572-0118), Gasbarrini, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), Cremonini, Filippo, Canducci, F, Di Caro, Simona, Santarelli, Luca, Armuzzi, Alessandro, Gasbarrini, Giovanni Battista, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Armuzzi, Alessandro (ORCID:0000-0003-1572-0118), and Gasbarrini, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823)

Abstract

Many new therapeutic strategies are studied to improve Helicobacter pylori eradication rate. Probiotics are live microorganisms which, upon administration, may interact with the human microflora and positively affect the health status. The use of probiotics in the field of H. pylori infection has been proposed for improving eradication rate and tolerability and for compliance of multiple antibiotic regimens used for the infection. Results from laboratory studies and from clinical trials seem to confirm the expectancies, but there is lack of standardization in terms of type of probiotic strain used, dosage and timing of supplementation. Before further ongoing trials and future studies will clarify these points, probiotics could remain a useful adjunct to standard anti-H. pylori therapies, but cannot take the place of other validated options.

Published
2001

44. Effect of Lactobacillus GG supplementation on antibiotic-associated gastrointestinal side effects during Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: a pilot study

Author

Armuzzi, Alessandro, Cremonini, Filippo, Ojetti, Veronica, Bartolozzi, F, Canducci, F, Candelli, Marcello, Santarelli, Luca, Cammarota, Giovanni, De Lorenzo, A, Pola, Paolo, Gasbarrini, Giovanni Battista, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Armuzzi, Alessandro (ORCID:0000-0003-1572-0118), Ojetti, Veronica (ORCID:0000-0002-8953-0707), Candelli, Marcello (ORCID:0000-0001-8443-7880), Cammarota, Giovanni (ORCID:0000-0002-3626-6148), Gasbarrini, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), Armuzzi, Alessandro, Cremonini, Filippo, Ojetti, Veronica, Bartolozzi, F, Canducci, F, Candelli, Marcello, Santarelli, Luca, Cammarota, Giovanni, De Lorenzo, A, Pola, Paolo, Gasbarrini, Giovanni Battista, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Armuzzi, Alessandro (ORCID:0000-0003-1572-0118), Ojetti, Veronica (ORCID:0000-0002-8953-0707), Candelli, Marcello (ORCID:0000-0001-8443-7880), Cammarota, Giovanni (ORCID:0000-0002-3626-6148), and Gasbarrini, Antonio (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823)

Abstract

One-week triple therapy is currently regarded as the reference of anti-Helicobacter pylori treatment. However, antibiotic-associated gastrointestinal side effects are among the major pitfalls of such regimens. Probiotic supplementation may be regarded as a therapeutic tool to prevent or reduce these troublesome drug-related manifestations.

Published
2001

47. Effect of Lactobacillus GG Supplementation on Antibiotic-Associated Gastrointestinal Side Effects during Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy: A Pilot Study

Author

Armuzzi, A., primary, Cremonini, F., additional, Ojetti, V., additional, Bartolozzi, F., additional, Canducci, F., additional, Candelli, M., additional, Santarelli, L., additional, Cammarota, G., additional, De Lorenzo, A., additional, Pola, P., additional, Gasbarrini, G., additional, and Gasbarrini, A., additional

Published
2001
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