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Hypothermia is highly common in patients undergoing gynecological surgeries under general anesthesia, so the length of hospitalization and even the risk of mortality are substantially increased. Our aim was to develop a simple and practical model to preoperatively identify gynecological surgery patients at risk of intraoperative hypothermia. In this retrospective study, we collected data from 802 patients who underwent gynecological surgery at three medical centers from June 2022 to August 2023. We further allocated the patients to a training group, an internal validation group, or an external validation group. The preliminary predictive factors for intraoperative hypothermia in gynecological patients were determined using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method. The final predictive factors were subsequently identified through multivariate logistic regression analysis, and a nomogram for predicting the occurrence of hypothermia was established. A total of 802 patients were included, with 314 patients in the training cohort (mean age 48.5 ± 12.6 years), 130 patients in the internal validation cohort (mean age 49.9 ± 12.5 years), and 358 patients in the external validation cohort (mean age 47.6 ± 14.0 years). LASSO regression and multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that body mass index, minimally invasive surgery, baseline heart rate, baseline body temperature, history of previous surgery, and aspartate aminotransferase level were associated with intraoperative hypothermia in gynecological surgery patients. This nomogram was constructed based on these six variables, with a C-index of 0.712 for the training cohort. We established a practical predictive model that can be used to preoperatively predict the occurrence of hypothermia in gynecological surgery patients. Clinical trial registration: chictr.org.cn , identifier ChiCTR2300071859. • How can the occurrence of intraoperative hypothermia be predicted before surgery in gynecological surgery patients? • To address this issue, we conducted a multicenter cohort study of 802 patients who underwent gynecological surgery. • A powerful model was established for the early identification of patients prone to intraoperative hypothermia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel and stable magnetic mesoporous silica micro‐nano catalyst immobilized with palladium complex of N‐heterocyclic carbene were readily synthesized with a well‐designed process, which exhibited extremely high catalytic activity in Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions in ethanol. The double‐template micelle system was used to prepare the mesoporous silica coating layer, which has the characteristics of a large specific surface area and adjustable pore size. Remarkably, the catalyst could be recycled 14 times without significant decrease in activity. It reflects the effectiveness of our strategy of combining the activity of N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) with specificity of the mesoporous silica to improve the catalyst catalytic activity and load stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we investigate pricing policy and coordination conditions in an online-to-offline supply chain considering corporate environmental responsibility and lateral inventory transshipment. First, we provide demand functions to capture effects of price, corporate environmental responsibility level, and preference degree of the consumer to online channel. Then, we build profit functions and develop three joint pricing and corporate environmental responsibility-level decision models for centralized decision (Scenario CD), retailer Stackelberg game (Scenario RS), and manufacturer Stackelberg game (Scenario MS). Furthermore, we determine the optimal decision policies by solving developed models, and conduct sensitivity analysis of significant factors. Finally, we use a revenue-sharing contract to realize supply chain coordination and find coordination conditions for Scenario RS and MS, and further show the impacts of revenue-sharing rate and investment cost sensitivity on the conditions using numerical studies. We find that optimal joint decision policies can be affected by significant factors to a varying degree. In certain conditions, the revenue-sharing contract can coordinate online-to-offline supply chains considering corporate environmental responsibility and lateral inventory transshipment. Our study proposes a new decision problem, constructs new joint decision models, determines new optimal joint policies, conducts new coordination analysis, and thus contributes to the research on supply chain operations considering corporate environmental responsibility and lateral inventory transshipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep fertilization is a beneficial approach for reducing nitrogen losses. However, the effects of various fertilization depths on maize (Zea mays L.) productivity and environmental footprints have not been thoroughly understood. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different fertilization depths of 5 cm (D5), 15 cm (D15), 25 cm (D25), and 35 cm (D35) on maize productivity and environmental footprints. Reactive nitrogen (Nr) losses and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were assessed using life cycle analysis. We hypothesized that deep fertilization can obtain lower carbon and nitrogen footprint. The results indicated that deep fertilization decreased the N2O and NH3 emissions while increasing the CH4 uptake. Compared with D5, D15 resulted in an increase in total GHG emissions and carbon footprint (CF), whereas D25 decreased by 13.0% and 23.6%, respectively. Compared with D5, the Nr losses under D15, D25, and D35 conditions was reduced by 11.3%, 17.3%, and 21.0%, respectively, and the nitrogen footprint (NF) was reduced by 16.0%, 27.4%, and 19.0%, respectively. The maize yield under D15 and D25 increased by 5.7% and 13.8%, respectively, compared with the D5 treatment, and the net economic benefits of the ecosystem increased by 7.1% and 17.1%, respectively. In summary, applying fertilizer at a depth of 25 cm can significantly reduce the environmental footprints and increase maize productivity, making it an effective fertilization strategy in the Loess Plateau region of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Previous studies have examined anesthetics to improve postoperative prognosis after knee arthroscopic surgery. However, it is currently unknown whether perioperative anesthetics can influence postoperative hospital stay. We investigated the impact of esketamine after knee arthroscopic surgery on post-operative length of stay, fever and surgical site infection. Methods: This study included 455 patients who underwent knee surgery between January2020 and August 2021at a tertiary hospital in China. Patient characteristics, preoperative laboratory values, intra-operative anesthetic data, and postoperative outcomes were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses with or without propensity score matching were performed to identify factors related to post-operative discharge within 3 days(PD3). Results: A total of 297 cases met our inclusion criteria. The mean age of patients was 42 ± 14 years, mean body mass index, 24.1 ± 3.5 kg/m2, 157(53%) patients were male. Meniscus-related procedures accounted for the most part of all the procedures with a percentage of 40.4%, followed by combined procedures of 35.4%. After we adjusted for demographic and intraoperative characteristics with propensity score matching, esketamine use was significantly associated with PD3 with the highest odds ratio of 2.28 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18–4.41, p = 0.014). Conclusion: Esketamine use was associated with PD3 in patients underwent knee arthroscopic surgery. The findings of this study will be useful to anesthesiologists in making informed decisions regarding the choice of anesthetics for knee joint diseases. Trial registration: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee (Approval No.:2023-041-01) of the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University and retrospectively registered. Key message: This study explored the relationship between perioperative anesthetics and postoperative discharge within 3 days(PD3) in patients underwent knee arthroscopic surgery. Esketamine use is an independent factor influencing PD3 in patients underwent knee arthroscopic surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reef-building coral species of the order Scleractinia play an important role in shallow tropical seas by providing an environmental base for the ecosystem. The molecular data of complete mitochondrial genome have become an important source for evaluating phylogenetic and evolutionary studies of Scleractinia. Here, the complete mitogenome of Homophyllia bowerbanki (Milne Edwards and Haime, 1857), collected from Nansha Islands of the South China Sea, was sequenced for the first time through a next-generation sequencing method. H. bowerbanki is the first species of its genus for which the mitogenome was sequenced. This mitogenome was 18,154 bp in size and included two transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs). It showed a similar gene structure and gene order to the other typical scleractinians. All 17 genes were encoded on the H strand and the total GC content was 33.86% in mitogenome. Phylogenetic analysis (maximum likelihood tree method) showed that H. bowerbanki belonged to the "Robust" clade and clustered together with other two species in the family Lobophylliidae based on 13 PCGs. The mitogenome can provide significant molecular information to clarify the evolutionary and phylogenetic relationships between stony corals and to facilitate their taxonomic classification; it can also support coral species monitoring and conservation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A corallivorous nudibranch from the South China Sea reproduced explosively and caused extensive damage to Porites in our aquarium. In this study, morphological and molecular analyses of the nudibranch were conducted and described. Morphologically, this nudibranch was nearly consistent with Pinufius rebus in its characteristics intermediate between arminids and aeolids. The only detected difference was that the hook-like denticles on the masticatory border of P. rebus were absent in this nudibranch. In a molecular analysis, phylogenetic results based on the cytochrome oxidase subunit-I, 16S rRNA, and histone H3 gene sequences showed that this nudibranch and P. rebus form a well-supported sister clade under the superfamily Fionoidea, with significant interspecific divergence (0.18). Thus, we presumed that this nudibranch is a new species of Pinufius. Our results extend the distribution of Pinufius to the South China Sea, support the current taxonomic status of Pinufius under the superfamily Fionoidea, and imply that the species composition of Pinufius is more complex than previous records. Moreover, as a corallivorous nudibranch, the potential threat of Pinufius to coral health cannot be neglected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increased sympathetic nerve excitability has been reported to aggravate a variety of chronic pain conditions, and an increase in the number of sympathetic nerve fibers in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) has been found in neuropathic pain (NP) models. However, the mechanism of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) released by sympathetic nerve fiber endings on the excitability of DRG neurons is still controversial, and the adrenergic receptor subtypes involved in this biological process are also controversial. In our study, we have two objectives: (1) To determine the effect of the neurotransmitter NE on the excitability of different neurons in DRG; (2) To determine which adrenergic receptors are involved in the excitability of DRG neurons by NE released by sprouting sympathetic fibers. In this experiment, a unique field potential recording method of spinal cord dorsal horn was innovatively adopted, which can be used for electrophysiological study in vivo. The results showed that： Forty days after SNI, patch clamp and field potential recording methods confirmed that NE enhanced the excitability of ipsilateral DRG large neurons, and then our in vivo electrophysiological results showed that the α 2 receptor blocker Yohimbine could block the excitatory effect of NE on A-fiber and the inhibitory effect on C-fiber, while the α 2A -adrenergic receptor agonist guanfacine (100 μM) had the same biological effect as NE. Finally, we concluded that NE from sympathetic fiber endings is involved in the regulation of pain signaling by acting on α 2A -adrenergic receptors in DRG. • After nerve injury, sympathetic nerve fibers sprouted in DRG mainly surrounded large diameter neurons. • The number of sympathetic nerve buds in DRG 14 days after SNI was small, and the cell excitability did not change after norepinephrine (NE) administration. • Our electrophysiological study demonstrated that NE is involved in the regulation of neuralgia through α2A adrenergic receptors in large diameter neurons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lead (Pb) contamination is a worldwide public health threaten. Besides close restraint of lead exposure, it's emergency to discover compounds that could help to cue toxicities caused by lead. Zebrafish embryos and early larvae can serve as valuable screening tools in early pre-clinical phase of drug screening and research. In order to establish a zebrafish lead poisoning model that could be used for drug screening and research, zebrafish embryos at 6 h post-fertilization (hpf) were treated with lead at different concentrations by soaking intermittently, raised in lead work solution at night while in fish water during the day. After treated for 90 h, death and severe trunk curvature were observed on zebrafish in 640 μM group, obvious dysplasia, blood toxicity, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), severe neurotoxicity, such as shorter length of peripheral motor neurons, neuronal apoptosis, and axonal injury, and neurobehavior impairment were induced by lead at 80, 160 and 320 μM, similar to phenotypes reported in rodent. Moreover, the mRNA level of genes related to neurodevelopment, memory, and antioxidation were significantly down regulated, and apoptosis-related genes were up regulated, consistent to zebrafish phenotypic change. Finally, zebrafish were intermittently exposed to 80 μM lead solution to establish the lead poisoning model, and the efficacy of a safe chelating agent Meso-2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) was tested at a series of concentrations to validate the zebrafish model. The result showed concentration-dependent decrease of lead content in zebrafish in DMSA treated groups compared with model group. The above data fully demonstrated a zebrafish model of lead poisoning suitable for drug screening was successfully developed, which was expected to provide a rapid and economic tools for discovering antidotes of lead and drugs of neuroprotection. [Display omitted] • Exposed zebrafish to high concentrations of lead intermittently in acid condition. • Validated lead neurotoxicity in zebrafish. • Revealed the blood toxicity of lead in larval zebrafish. • Developed a acute neurobehavior impairment model for rapid drug screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supported by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, for the first time, a fluorinated aromatic cation, 2‐(4‐fluorophenyl)ethyl ammonium iodide (FPEAI), is introduced to grow in situ a low dimensional perovskite layer atop 3D perovskite film with excess PbI2. The resulted (p‐FC6H4C2H4NH3)2[PbI4] perovskite functions as a protective capping layer to protect the 3D perovskite from moisture. In the meantime, the thin layer facilitates charge transfer at the interfaces, thereby reducing the nonradiative recombination pathways. Laser scanning confocal microscopy unveils visually the distribution of the 2D perovskite layer on top of the 3D perovskite. When employing the 3D–2D perovskite as the absorbing layer in the photovoltaic cells, a high power conversion efficiency of 20.54% is realized. Superior device performance and moisture stability are observed with the modified perovskite over the whole stability test period. Fluorinated aromatic cations (FPEAI) can react with the excess PbI2 in a 3D perovskite film to form a capping 2D perovskite layer. Compared to the control device, the resulting multidimensional perovskite shows enhanced environmental stability with equally superior device performances. Judicious optimization of the perovskite precursor recipe realizes a power conversion efficiency of 20.54% for mesoporous perovskite solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]