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In order to solve the current problems of electronic invoices, such as anti-counterfeiting, privacy leakage and low verification efficiency, an electronic invoice public verification architecture based on the national signature algorithm was proposed.Electronic invoice documents have complex data sources, sensitive user information on the ticket surface, frequent data flow and other characteristics as well as the demand for efficient public verification.Based on these motivations, the e-invoice generation and verification protocol was designed.Besides, a signature code generation scheme for invoice anti-counterfeiting was proposed based on certificate-free joint signature.Then multiple data verification and signatures of the invoicing party and the taxation authority can be realized.All kinds of invoice holders can not only verify the authenticity and data integrity of electronic invoices, but also publicly check the authenticity and data integrity of electronic invoices.The integration of data encryption algorithms protects user privacy data in electronic invoices, and at the same time can fulfill the requirements for authenticity or status verification under various invoice application scenarios.The checking party only needs to verify one signature to confirm the authenticity of the electronic invoice signed by both parties.Scyther security simulation tools were used to analyze the security of the proposed solution, which can verify the integrity and authenticity of the data source and check the confidentiality of the privacy data under various types of attacks.Compared with a typical overseas e-invoice checking scheme and a similar digital signature-based e-invoice checking scheme, the proposed scheme has obvious advantages in terms of checking efficiency and invoice file size.

Integrity is an important index for GNSS-based navigation and positioning, and the receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) algorithm has been presented for integrity applications. In the integrated navigation systems of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and inertial navigation system (INS),the conventional RAIM algorithm has been developed to extended receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (ERAIM). However, the ERAIM algorithm may fail and a false alarm may generate once the measurements are contaminated by significant outliers, and this problem is rarely discussed in the existing literatures. In this paper, a robust fault detection and the corresponding data processing algorithm are proposed based on the ERAIM algorithm and the robust estimation. In the proposed algorithm, weights of the measurements are adjusted with the equivalent weight function, and the efficiency of the outlier detection and identification is improved, therefore, the estimates become more reliable, and the probability of the false alarm is decreased. Experiments with the data collected under actual environments are implemented, and results indicate that the proposed algorithm is more efficient than the conventional ERAIM algorithm for multiple outliers and a better filtering performance is achieved.

Little is known about the influence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on coronary artery calcification (CAC) in China. In this article, we aimed to explore the distribution of CAC in populations with and without MetS, and estimate the influence of MetS and its components on CAC in a community-based population of Beijing.A total of 1647 local residents of Beijing, age 40-77 years, were recruited for a cardiovascular risk factors survey and were determined fasting plasma glucose (FPG), blood lipids, and 64 multi-detector computed tomography (64-MDCT) coronary artery calcium score (CACS) measurement (Agatston scoring). The distribution of CAC was described, and the influence of MetS components on CAC was evaluated.In this population, the prevalence and extent of CAC increased with increasing age and both were higher in MetS subjects compared to nonMetS subjects (all P < 0.05), with the exception of those older than 65 years old. The risk of CAC increased with increasing numbers of MetS components, and the odds ratios for predicting positive CAC in subjects with 1, 2, 3, and = 4 MetS components were 1.60, 1.84, 2.12, and 3.12, respectively (all P < 0.05). Elevated blood pressure, elevated FPG, elevated triglycerides, and overweight increased the risk of CAC, yielding odds ratios of 2.64, 1.67, 1.32, and 1.37, respectively (all P < 0.05).In the Beijing community-based population, MetS increases the risk of CAC. The risk of CAC increases with increasing numbers of MetS components. Not only the number, but also the variety of risk factors for MetS is correlated with the risk of CAC. Elevated blood pressure, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia and overweight increase the risk of CAC.

Purpose: To compare coronary plaque burden, composition, distribution and the degree of coronary artery stenosis in invasive coronary angiography (ICA) diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with or without metabolic syndrome (MetS)., Methods: From January 2008 to June 2011, consecutive patients underwent both coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and ICA within three months were enrolled. Patients with history of previous percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were excluded. Plaque characteristics and maximal luminal diameter stenosis were analyzed on a 16-segment basis as suggested by the American Heart Association classification., Results: The study population consisted of 872 patients [age (60.2 ± 10.0) years, 72.70% males] including 377 patients with MetS and 495 patients without MetS. The median coronary artery calcium score (CACS) was higher in MetS patients than in non-MetS patients [102 (10, 410) vs. 58 (0, 274) , P < 0.01]. Percentage of patients with no coronary artery calcium was significantly lower in MetS group than in non-MetS group [19.63% (74/377) vs. 30.71% (152/495) , P < 0.01], while percentage of patients with severe coronary calcium (CACS ≥ 1000) were significantly higher in MetS than non-MetS group [8.22% (31/377) vs. 4.65% (23/495) , P = 0.03]. The proportion of patients with 1-vessel disease was lower [23.61% (89/377) vs. 36.77% (182/495), P < 0.01], 2-vessel [29.71% (112/377) vs. 22.83% (113/495), P < 0.05] and 3-vessel disease [35.54% (134/377) vs. 24.44% (121/495) , P < 0.01] were higher in MetS group than in non-MetS group. Calcified plaque of LM and the middle and distal coronary artery were significantly higher in MetS group than in non-MetS group (all P < 0.05) ., Conclusions: CAD patients with MetS are associated with severer coronary artery calcium deposition and higher percentage of calcified plaque in the middle and distal coronary arteries and severer obstructive coronary vessels.

Objective: To investigate the influence of uric acid on coronary artery calcification in the natural population in Beijing., Methods: From April to July 2012, 903 subjects from the natural population(aged 37-76 years for men, aged 42-76 years for women)in Xishan community, Beijing, were selected to accept a survey on the risk factors of cardiovascular. Blood tests and CT coronary artery calcium scans were carried out., Results: At the 1 Quartile(1 Q), 2 to 3 Quartile(2-3 Q)and 4 Quartile(4 Q)of uric acid levels, the prevalence rates of coronary artery calcium were 37.2% , 45.5% , 60.6% (P<0.001) and the coronary artery calcium scores were (109.7±333.1)AU, (133.9±356.9)AU, (200.8±459.4) AU (P < 0.001)respectively. Data from the univariate logistic regression analysis showed that with the increase of uric acid, the prevalence rates of coronary artery calcium also increased(OR2-3Q = 1.41, 95% CI:1.02-1.95, P = 0.040; OR4Q = 2.60, 95% CI:1.78-3.80, P < 0.001). However, the relationship between uric acid and coronary artery calcium disappeared when using the multivariate logistic regression analysis(OR2-3Q = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.60-1.43, P = 0.713;OR4Q = 1.38, 95% CI:0.80-2.39, P = 0.247)., Conclusion: Uric acid did not seem to be an independent risk factor for coronary artery calcium, although the prevalence and extent of coronary artery calcium increased along with the increasing trend of uric acid.

Objective: To investigate pesticide abuse on fruits and vegetables in Tianjin Area, to detect pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables, to study the methods for reducing pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables., Methods: (1) A questionnaire on the pesticide application during growing fruit and vegetable was administered to 185 farmers in Tianjin Area. (2) According to the information from the questionnaire survey, fruit and vegetable samples were collected in four seasons around the year and measured for organophosphorus pesticide residues by gas chromatography. (3) Fruit and vegetable samples contained pesticide residue were treated by scald, immersion in 0.15% and 0.30% detergent solution, immersion in pure water, peeling and cutting root and pesticide residues were measured before and after the treatment., Results: The percentage of pesticide abuse in growing fruit and vegetable was 65.00% in Tianjin area, and 31.60% of the fruits and vegetable samples collected in summer were positive for high toxic organophosphorus pesticides. Significant decrease of pesticide residue in fruit and vegetable was found by scald, immersion in 0.15% and 0.30% detergent solution, as well as peeling and cutting root, and over 80.00% pesticide residue in the samples could be reduced by scald., Conclusions: It is necessary to strengthen pesticide abuse control and market surveillance and inspection, in order to reduce the harmful effects of pesticide residue in fruit and vegetables to human health.