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Objective To explore the clinical significance of "Olive ⁃ Tipped" technique during cerebral venous sinus stenosis stenting. Methods A total of 79 patients (including 57 patients with intracranial hypertension and 22 patients with pulsatile tinnitus) who were diagnosed with cerebral venous sinus stenosis (VSS) and underwent stenting in Department of the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2017 to May 2021 were retrospectively collected. The characteristics of Labbe vein in patients with "Olive⁃Tipped" technique, the changes of pressure difference at both ends of stenosis before and after surgery in patients with intracranial hypertension were analyzed. The improvement of postoperative stenosis and venous reflux, the improvement of postoperative intracranial hypertension and pulsatile tinnitus, the success rate of stenting and the utilization rate of "Olive ⁃ Tipped" technique were observed. Results All the stents were successfully placed (79/79). Immediate DSA after procedure showed no venous stasis in all patients, and residual stenosis was < 30%. "Olive⁃Tipped" technique was used in 23 patients (29.11%) to assist the stent in place due to the guiding catheter and stent could not reach the predetermined position smoothly. The diameter of the confluence of Labbe vein and venous sinus in the "Olive⁃Tipped" technique group was significantly larger than that in the conventional technique group (t = 7.041, P = 0.000). The pressure difference between the two ends of venous sinus stenosis in patients with intracranial hypertension was 15.00 (11.00, 21.50) mm Hg before surgery and 1 (0, 2) mm Hg immediately after surgery, the difference was statistically significant (Z = ⁃ 6.573, P = 0.000). The tinnitus sympoms of 22 patients with pulsatile tinnitus caused by cerebral venous sinus stenosis disappeared immediately or visibly lightened. Conclusions The diameter of the confluence of Labbe vein and venous sinus can be used as an index to evaluate whether the stent is easy to implant before the surgery. The dilated Labbe vein confluence is easy to cause the guiding catheter and stent to get stuck, and the stent is difficult to be in place. The use of "Olive⁃Tipped" technique can significantly improve the success rate of the surgery.

Due to its large specific surface area, excellent penetration resistance and a large number of functional groups distributed on the surface, graphene oxide(GO) has become a research hotspot in the fields of anticorrosion, permeation separation and coating mechanical properties. The research progress of GO application on metal surface in recent years was reviewed. On the basis of domestic and foreign literature, the research progress of GO applied on metal surface for anticorrosion, permeation separation, mechanical properties of coating and other aspects was described, and the mechanism was summarized and analyzed. The anticorrosion mechanism is mainly the physical barrier effect of GO and its chemical inertness to the electroactive medium. The mechanism of osmotic separation is mainly the multi-layer pore structure and functional groups of GO. The main mechanism of mechanical properties of the coating is the good compatibility between GO and coating and the formation of chemical bond between surface functional groups and metal matrix. It was pointed out that there is still a lack of GO composite preparation technology that meets the requirements of environmental protection, low cost and large-scale industrialization, the technological parameters involved, the design of composite phase system and other aspects still need further study. It was also proposed to be applied to metal anticorrosion, oil-water separation and mechanical properties of coating, so as to solve the key problems such as corrosion resistance of metal surface, oil-water permeability and separation performance, bonding force between coating and metal substrate.

This study aimed to investigate the binding mechanism of shikonin with α-glucosidase by multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking technologies. These data suggested that shikonin spontaneously interacted with α-glucosidase primarily through hydrogen bonds (H-bond) and van der Waals forces (vdW), the quenching mechanism was static quenching. At 298 K, the quenching rate constant and binding constant were (1.00 ± 0.06) × 1012 L mol−1 s−1 and (2.32 ± 0.04) × 104 L mol−1, respectively. Molecular docking analysis also confirmed the results of the spectroscopic method. These results are helpful in understanding the interaction mechanism between shikonin and α-glucosidase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]