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Background: In a society increasingly committed to promoting an active life in the community, new resources are needed to respond to the needs of citizens with Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia. The potential of several individual cognitive interventions to be provided by caregivers has been explored in the literature. Objective: To synthesize the best available evidence on the effectiveness of caregiver-provided individual cognitive interventions in older adults with dementia. Methods: Systematic review of experimental studies on individual cognitive interventions for older adults with dementia. An initial search of MEDLINE and CINAHL was undertaken. Another search for published and unpublished studies was performed on major healthcare-related online databases in March 2018 and updated in August 2022. This review considered studies that included older adults with dementia, aged 60 years and over. All studies that met the inclusion criteria were assessed for methodological quality using a JBI standardized critical appraisal checklist. Data were extracted using a JBI data extraction form for experimental studies. Results: Eleven studies were included: eight randomized controlled trials and three quasi-experimental studies. Caregiver-provided individual cognitive interventions had several beneficial effects in cognitive domains, including memory, verbal fluency, attention, problem-solving, and autonomy in activities of daily living. Conclusion: These interventions were associated with moderate improvements in cognitive performance and benefits in activities of daily living. The findings highlight the potential of caregiver-provided individual cognitive interventions for older adults with dementia info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The main objective of FIBRE4YARDS project is to maintain European global leadership in ship building and ship maintenance, through implementation of the Shipyard 4.0 concept in which advanced and innovative FRP manufacturing technologies are successfully introduced. This project has received funding from European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement n°101006860.

The main objective of FIBRE4YARDS project is to maintain European global leadership in ship building and ship maintenance, through implementation of the Shipyard 4.0 concept in which advanced and innovative FRP manufacturing technologies are successfully introduced. This project has received funding from European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement n°101006860.

Fraga, C. N., Shimizu, G. H., Cardoso, D. B. O. S. (2022): Ouratea yamamotoana (Ochnaceae), a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 79: 1-9, DOI: 10.24823/EJB.2022.406

Ouratea yamamotoana Fraga, G.H.Shimizu & D.B.O.S.Cardoso, sp. nov. Similar to Ouratea camposportoi Sleumer but differs by its persistent stipules (vs caducous in O. camposportoi); chartaceous leaves with cordate or slightly auriculate base and slightly revolute (vs leaves rigid chartaceous or coriaceous, with obtuse, truncated or rounded base, and distinctly revolute); flowers with pedicel measuring 6–8 mm long but reaching 7–11 mm long when in fruit, the petals spathulate or elliptic, and gynophore 1.2–1.8 mm long (vs pedicel 9–15 mm long when in flower and 14–16 mm long when in fruit, the petals obovate, and gynophore 0.9–1 mm long); and fruit with a subterete to clavate carpophore of 7–16 × 1.8–4 mm (vs carpophore elongate, piriform, 12–14 × 3.3–6.5 mm). – Type: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Paraty, Fazenda Santa Maria, estrada para Praia do Sono, 27 ix 1989, fl., Freitas, M.F. & Silva, L.C.S. 116 (holotype RB; isotypes NY, SP). Figures 1, 2. Shrub 1.3–2 m tall, virgate. Stems erect to reclining at the apex, branched, glabrous, rugose, light brown; leaf internodes short, 6–24 mm long. Stipules 4–6 × 2.5–3.5 mm, 2 per leaf node, persistent, triangular, rigid, with slightly revolute margins, apex acute or mucronulate. Leaves 14.8–30.2 × 3–7.4 cm, congested at the terminal branches, petiolate, alternate; petiole 4.5–8.5 mm, canaliculated on adaxial surface, thick; leaf blade chartaceous, lanceolate or falcate, base cordate or slightly auriculate, margin entire at the base and serrulate at the apex, slightly revolute, apex acute-acuminate, venation eucamptodromous, midvein sulcate at the base and raised at the apex on adaxial surface and strongly raised abaxially, secondary veins curving strongly near the margin and continuing almost as submarginal veins impressed on adaxial surface and raised on adaxial surface, tertiary veins inconspicuous on both surfaces. Inflorescence terminal or rarely subterminal at the distal leaf axils, 16.4–32.5 cm long, panicle, erect to reclining, glabrous, basal bracts similar to the stipules, 4–6 × 2.5–3.5 mm, isolated, distichous and imbricate, generally followed by a pair of smaller bracteoles, 2.5–5 × 1.6–2.5 mm, triangular, rigid, revolute margins, persistent, chestnut brown; lateral branchlets 0.5–18 cm long, simple or compound, terete, bracts shallowly triangular to lanceolate, chartaceous 3–5 mm long, chestnut brown; bracteoles 0.8–1.5 mm long, shallowly triangular to linear, isolated, chestnut brown; flower pedicels 6–8 mm long, reaching 7–11 mm when in fruit, straight to curved, glabrous, regularly slender in bud and flower. Flowers pentamerous, radially symmetrical; sepals 4.3–6 × 2.1–3 mm, green-yellowish, glabrous, imbricate, elliptical, concave, internally smooth, externally thick in the middle, hyaline in the margin, acute at the apex; petals 5.8–8.1 × 2.6–3.4 mm, yellow, glabrous, spathulate or elliptic, reflexed, a few somewhat thick at the base and along the central vein, attenuate to unguiculate base, rounded apex; stamens 10, arranged in a circle around the ovary, the anthers 4.8–6.2 mm long, yellow, erect, sessile, transversely rugulose, dehiscing by a terminal pore; ovary superior, 5-carpellate; gynophore 1.2–1.8 × 0.5–0.9 mm, cylindrical, columnar, thickening near apex; fertile gynoecium units 5, 0.5–0.9 × 0.4–0.7 mm, oblong, cream; style 2.8–3.2 mm long, single, erect or genuflected at apex, filiform, gynobasic, stigma punctiform, light green. Fruit with carpophore 7–16 × 1.8–4 mm, subterete to clavate, straight or slightly curved, rugose near base, red wine-coloured in ripe fruit; mericarps 1–3, 6–11 × 5–8 mm, greenish to chestnut brown, suborbicular, erect or obliquely disposed on carpophore head, inflated, pericarp thin. Distribution and habitat. Restricted to the Brazilian Atlantic coastal rain forest of southern Rio de Janeiro and northern São Paulo states (Figure 3). Most specimens are collected outside forest reserves, but the species is recorded from the relatively well-preserved forest reserve of Área de Proteção Ambiental Cairuçu, Rio de Janeiro, and in the municipality of Caraguatatuba and Ubatuba, São Paulo. In São Paulo, this new species is recorded from Núcleo Picinguaba in the northeast region of the Parque Estadual Serra do Mar in São Paulo, one of the most biodiverse and largest preserved portions of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and a hotspot of biodiversity (Murray-Smith et al., 2009; Colli-Silva et al., 2020). It is also recorded from Pontal de Toninha in the Parque Estadual da Ilha Anchieta, the second largest island of the northern coast of São Paulo. Phenology. Flowering has been recorded from January to May, and fruiting in July. Etymology. The name pays homage to Professor Kikyo Yamamoto, who has made important taxonomic contributions to neotropical Ochnaceae, and especially Ouratea. She carried out an in-depth study of morphological traits to untangle the complex taxonomy of this genus and studied the Ouratea parviflora (A.DC.) Baill. species complex in her graduate studies. Kikyo has also played an important role training and guiding generations of plant systematists at Unicamp in São Paulo, Brazil, for over 30 years. Proposed IUCN conservation category. Ouratea yamamotoana is known from nine specimens and seven locations (sensu IUCN). Using GeoCAT (Bachman et al., 2011) and a 2 km 2 grid, it has an estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) of 570.85 km 2 and minimal area of occupancy (AOO) of 28 km 2. Although these figures fall within the limits for Endangered (EN) status under criteria B1 (EOO Ouratea yamamotoana is assessed as Vulnerable: VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii). Additional specimens examined. BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Paraty, Área de Proteção Ambiental Cairuçu, Morro do Córrego dos Micos, 100–150 m alt., 26 xi 1994, fr., Bovini, M.G. & Giordano, L.C. 646 (RB). São Paulo: Caraguatatuba, Captação da SABESP, Alto Rio Claro, margem do rio na estrada de acesso a captação, 25 iv 2020, fl., Miranda, M.R. 214 (SPSF); Ubatuba, BR 101, Km 23, 17 iv 1979, fr., Ferreira, V.F. 617 (RB); ibid., 17 iv 1979, fl., Jouvin, P.P. 494 (CEN, RB); Ubatuba, Ilha Anchieta, Trilha do Guilherme, 15 xii 1994, fl., Santin, D.A. & Moreira, J.L.A. 32442 (CEN, UEC); Ubatuba, Estação Experimental de Ubatuba (IAC), 29 i 1980, fl., Shepherd, G.J. et al. 10969 (CEN); Ubatuba, Rodovia Rio-Santos, Enseada da Lagoinha ao lado das ruínas da Igreja de Pedra, 6 v 2000, fl., Amorim, A.M. & Forzza, R.C. 3387 (CEPEC); Ubatuba, Rodovia Rio Santos, prox. da praia de Prumirim, 3 v 2005, fl., Campos-Rocha, A. & Volet, D.P. 1616 (UEC).

This study investigates the Phyllostachys aurea bamboo mesostructure through optical microscopy and digital image processing. Specimens were produced using a bamboo full-culm with cross-sections sliced from 1, 4, and 6 meters distant from the ground. Digital images captured through light microscopy with the magnification of 200x were digitally processed for the segmentation of sclerenchyma, vessels, parenchyma, and epidermis phases, allowing for the extraction of the material’s anatomical features. Binary images obtained from each phase were produced and, then, measured, showing portions of the constituent phases of P. aurea cross-sections at the bottom, middle, and top parts of the culm, respectively.

This paper investigates the lifecycle behavior of the longhorn beetle Chlorophorus annularis, one of the main insects that damage dried bamboo culms in Brazil. Damaged culms infected by the beetle and healthy culms were investigated for comparison of their physical and mechanical properties. Mechanical tests were realized on samples of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) under compression forces using Controls 50-C46Z00/MCC8 Multitest equipment. The tests demonstrated the loss of resistance of the infected bamboo culms according to the degree of infection of the analyzed samples in comparison with the healthy bamboo culms.