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The following work is a poetic attempt to find the limit of verse, and compose, in shattered prose, a landscape. La siguiente obra es un intento poético de encontrar el límite del verso y componer, en prosa fragmentada, una paisaje. O seguinte trabalho é um intento poético de encontrar o limite do verso e compor, em prosa fragmentada, uma paisagem. Presentation The following work is a poetic attempt to find the limit of verse, and compose, in shattered prose, a landscape. Presentación La siguiente obra es un intento poético de encontrar el límite del verso y componer, en prosa fragmentada, una paisaje.

Aves e plantas apresentam uma ampla variedade de interações ecológicas. Neste contexto, no presente livro procuramos ilustrar algumas dessas relações por meio de fotografias originais obtidas na Estação Ecológica de Itirapina, SP. Esta unidade de conservação, situada na região central do estado de São Paulo e sob o Domínio do Cerrado, abriga cerca de 270 espécies de aves e pelo menos 589 espécies de plantas vasculares (angiospermas, gimnospermas e pteridófitas). Constitui-se também como um dos últimos remanescentes naturais de campos e cerrados no estado de São Paulo. Nesta 1ª edição do fotolivro apresentamos quase três centenas de fotografias originais em alta resolução envolvendo flagrantes de interações ecológicas entre espécies de aves e plantas. Como esta obra caracteriza-se por ser mais um fotolivro do que um livro comum baseado em texto, procuramos, para os entusiastas da fotografia, incluir detalhes técnicos na legenda de cada foto, além do título descritivo e do habitat geral onde cada imagem foi obtida. Nosso objetivo foi o de divulgar a grande variedade de interações entre aves e plantas nesta unidade de conservação, procurando estimular o interesse, curiosidade e valorização das pessoas pelo cerrado e algumas das interações ecológicas existentes nele. Importa ainda destacar que o conjunto de imagens aqui mostradas revela apenas uma amostra da enorme quantidade de espécies de aves e plantas que se relacionam ecologicamente na Estação Ecológica de Itirapina. Esperamos sinceramente que este fotolivro possa estimular professores e alunos (nos diversos níveis educacionais), além de pessoas em geral, para a curiosidade, a observação e o questionamentos sobre as interações entre aves e plantas, não só do Cerrado, mas também nos pátios das escolas, nos jardins das casas, e até em áreas urbanas. A observação da natureza é e sempre será um caminho de esperança para a construção do conhecimento e sensibilização da humanidade para a preservação do meio ambiente.

O Professor Carlos Motta da Fapcom apresenta a Resenha da tese “Cosmopolíticas da Terra: Modos de existência e resistência no Antropoceno” de Alyne de Castro Costa da PUC-RJ, vencedora do prêmio Capes de Tese na área de Filosofia.

Cenit Transporte y Logística de Hidrocarburos (CENIT), operator of about 7000 km of hydrocarbon transport systems, which constitutes it the largest operator in Colombia, has developed a strategic alliance to structure an adaptive geotechnical susceptibility zoning using supervised learning algorithms. Through this exercise, has been implemented operational decision inferences with simple linguistic values. The difficulties proposed by the method considers the hydroclimatology of Colombia, which is conditioned by several phenomena of Climate Variability that affect the atmosphere at different scales such as the Oscillation of the Intertropical Convergence Zone - ITCZ (seasonal scale) and the occurrence of macroclimatic phenomena such as El Niño-La Niña Southern Oscillation (ENSO) (interannual scale). Likewise, it considers the geotechnical complexity derived from the different geological formation environments, the extension and geographical dispersion of the infrastructure, and its interaction with the climatic regimes, to differentiate areas of interest based on the geohazards of hydrometeorological origin, when grouped into five clusters. The results of this exercise stand out the importance of keep a robust record of the events that affect the infrastructure of hydrocarbon transportation systems and using data-guided intelligence techniques to improve the tools that support decision-making in asset management.

A obra é o resultado de duas décadas de pesquisas sobre a avifauna desenvolvidas na Estação Ecológica de Itirapina (EEcI), SP. Trata-se de um livro de divulgação científica, amplamente ilustrado com mais de 1.000 fotografias, especialmente das aves (213 das 270 espécies listadas são ilustradas), mas também dos ambientes, além de plantas e outros animais que interagem com as aves. As imagens são apresentadas em alta resolução para facultar aos leitores visualização ampliada (zoom) das mesmas, sem perda de qualidade. Embora não seja propriamente um guia de campo, o livro pode ser um complemento para identificar aves dos cerrados do interior paulista e mesmo do centro-sul brasileiro, pois as espécies da EEcI também ocorrem nessas regiões. Além disso, são inseridos textos resumidos ou “fichas” para cada espécie ilustrada, para fornecer algumas informações básicas da Biologia e Ecologia de cada ave. Por fim, são apresentados alguns tópicos selecionados de História Natural das aves - no formato de “boxes” de textos explicativos de cada tema - também com amplo suporte de imagens. Nosso intuito é o de divulgar, para o público em geral, a grande diversidade da avifauna e seus ambientes ou habitats nessa unidade de conservação, procurando estimular o interesse, curiosidade e valorização das pessoas pelo Domínio do Cerrado e sua fauna e flora.

The “capuchinos” form a monophyletic group within the Neotropical seedeaters of the genus Sporophila and are typically smaller than the other congeners. Many of the 12 species of this group are endangered, but reproductive information is scarce for most of them. Here we present the descriptions of nests, eggs, nestlings, and nesting habitats for the Pearly-bellied Seedeater (Sporophila pileata). From 2012 to 2017 we found 83 nests constructed in herbaceous plants present in open marshlands, 15–73 cm above water or humid ground. Nests were deep cups built of grass stems, inflorescences, and rootlets, attached with spider web. Nests measured 59.3 ± 4.7 mm outside diameter, 50.7 ± 6.5 mm outside height, 41.6 ± 3.2 mm internal diameter, and 35.7 ± 3.3 mm internal depth. Eggs were oval with white, grayish, or greenish background color with black and brown spots mainly in the obtuse pole. They weighed 1.2 ± 0.1 g and measured 16.3 ± 0.8 per 12.2 ± 0.3 mm. Clutches consisted of 1–3 eggs. Our study sites...

Prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites and the effect of associated factors were evaluated in household dogs from an urban area of Córdoba, Argentina. A total of fecal samples were collected during 2010 and 2013, and processed with Willis´ salt, Sheaters´ sugar flotation and formol-ether concentration techniques. Overall prevalence of GI parasites was 45.23% (95% C.I.: 40.83; 49.62), Ancylostoma caninum (30.83%) was the most frequent parasite, followed by Trichuris vulpis (9.94%), Cystoisospora spp. (7.71%), Toxocara canis (6.90%) and Giardia spp. (5.88%). Independent variables werepresence of at least one parasite element, named all parasites, and GI parasites more frequently present as separate outcomes. Logistic regression results showed an increased risk related to age (P = 0.0343)for all parasites and for T. canis, Cystoisospora spp. and Giardia spp. Statistically significant and protective variables were no ingestion of small animals, daily feces removal and absence of shadow in house yards. Use of anthelmintics and daily feces removal for A. caninum, female gender and absence of shadow for T. canis resulted in protective factors. Effective actions for prevention, control and treatment are required in the research area, being the role played by veterinarians and owners commitment key aspects. Fil: Motta, Carlos Eugenio. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; Argentina Fil: Rivero, Maria Romina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Ministerio de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical; Argentina Fil: de Angelo, Carlos Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; Argentina Fil: Sbaffo, Ana María. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; Argentina Fil: Tiranti, Karina Ivana. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; Argentina

Usually, the definition of geotechnically homogeneous zones is established through the analysis of information on a regional (and even national) scale of those characteristics that define the topographic, geological, climatic, and land use conditions by categorizing them and applying algorithms of interaction between these variables. However, in technical literature and in technical reports of state entities that manage natural hazards, new advances are being made in the determination of other aspects or variables that detail the condition of geotechnical susceptibility; at the same time, nowadays there are technological tools for the massive analysis of information and its spatialization. This article presents a new approach to the definition of geotechnically homogeneous zones using these technological tools. A comparison is made against the conventional definition.

In recent years, the Colombian government has strengthened its legislation moving towards a disaster risk management system (Law 1523 in 2012) and has established guidelines on the role of public and private entities (decree 2157 in 2017) when defining the structure of disaster risk management plans. This paper presents the advancements on Natech risk management implementation in Cenit (major Colombian pipeline operator of hydrocarbons transport), to identify areas of potential disaster based on the application of its geohazards assessment model that considers prevention specific elements and consequence analysis.

About 20% of Cenit’s hydrocarbon transport infrastructure are located on mountainous terrain susceptible to effect of geohazards. There is an integrity management plan based on inspection, monitoring and mitigation activities; however, the occurrence of accidents triggered by geohazards has caused emergencies with effects on environment receiver and on operation of transport systems This paper presents, through management some of these accidents, good practices identified, learning in terms of prevention, preparation and response to emergencies and identification of priorities and gaps, in order to strengthen continuous improvement of the geohazards integrity management strategy.

Heather Love interviews Carlos Motta about his recent show Deviations (April 21–May 21, 2016, PPOW Gallery, New York City). They discuss LGBTQ politics, ephemeral and fugitive evidence, the violence of the archive, and unexpected intimacies with the queer past. Motta discusses his working methods, his relation to art institutions, and his efforts to link histories of exclusion and stigma to a critique of LGBTQ assimilation in the present.

As LGBTI issues become visible within society there is a growing belief that society is ready to confront prejudices around sexuality and gender. But who is represented in these processes of visualization? The LGBTI agenda has focused on the defense of marriage, Don’t Ask Don’t Tell, federal hate crime statutes and the Employment Non-discrimination Act. The political strategy around these issues has been defined by a moderate approach based on demanding inclusion into existing institutions. A look at the normalization of sexual politics reveals that minorities remain at the margins. I approached activists from QUEEROCRACY and immigration activist Felipe Baeza to discuss: What are the social issues young people care about ? What forms of activism do young people favor and what motivates them to organize? What forms of visuality do young queer activists use and how do these relate to the strategies of the previous generations?

The degree of habitat specificity determines the distinctive ways that birds respond to land-use and climate change. Information on habitat-use, movement potential and sensitivity to human disturbance can promote reliable predictions on species response to spatial and temporal global changes. Here, we made an extensive review about habitat-use of 52 birds with distribution mainly in the Cerrado domain, a world hotspot with alarming climate change and land-use projections. We described habitat-use, classified habitats into three categories (grasslands, savannahs, and forests), inferred movement potential and sensitivity to human disturbance from records in anthropogenic matrices and identified knowledge gaps. More than one-half of the species surveyed predominantly use only one major natural habitat category, mostly forests, or are highly associated to microhabitats or to specific habitat features (62%, n = 32). Grasslands were the most used habitat (n = 32). Most species apparently will encounter difficulties to move through the landscape (27% and 36% of the species have low and medium movement potential, respectively) and are highly sensitive to human disturbance (48%). Furthermore, a considerable low number of species was frequently recorded in non-natural habitats and considered of low sensitivity (n = 6). Our results offer a wide understanding of relevant habitats and microhabitats for Cerrado birds and can add more reality to future model estimates, enhancing success of current and future conservation initiatives.

Contents: N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) decreases the vasodilator effect of nitric oxide (NO) and induces pre-eclampsia in mouse. Sildenafil inhibits the degradation of nitric oxide and increases vasodilation. This study aimed to determine the effects of sildenafil citrate on angiogenesis and oxidative stress at the maternal foetal interface on pre-eclampsia-like mouse model induced by L-NAME. Twenty pregnant mice were divided into four groups: (i) vehicle control; (ii) L-NAME; (iii) sildenafil; (4) L-NAME+sildenafil. L-NAME was administered from day 7 of pregnancy and sildenafil from day 8 until day 16; animals were euthanized on day 17. Placental and foetal sizes and weights were measured; lipid peroxide levels and catalase activity in placental homogenates were determined, and placental vascular endothelia were identified by lectin-histochemistry using BSA-I lectin. Western blot analysis was used to determine VEGF expression in placental homogenates. No changes were seen in placental and foetal development in mice with normal pregnancies treated with sildenafil. Treatments with L-NAME reduced significantly the placental weight and average height and decreased the percentage of the endothelial surface. These alterations may be mediated by the reduction of NO levels in trophoblastic cells, due to the inhibitory effect of L-NAME on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) synthesis. This effect was offset by the treatment with sildenafil, with an increase in the percentage of the endothelial surface. In conclusion, our results indicate that treatment with sildenafil on pre-eclampsia mouse model can be used without adverse effects on the concept and its use in the treatment of pre-eclampsia is promising. Fil: Motta, Carlos. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; Argentina Fil: Grosso, Maria Carolina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal. Cátedra de Histologia; Argentina Fil: Zanuzzi, Carolina Natalia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentina Fil: Molinero, Daniela Paola. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal; Argentina Fil: Picco, Natalia Yanina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal; Argentina Fil: Bellingeri, Romina Valeria. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal; Argentina Fil: Alustiza, Fabrisio Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal. Laboratorio de Biología Cecular y Embriologia; Argentina Fil: Barbeito, Carlos G.. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas. Cátedra de Histología y Embriología; Argentina Fil: Vivas, Adriana. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal. Laboratorio de Biología Cecular y Embriologia; Argentina Fil: Romanini, María Cristina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal. Laboratorio de Biología Cecular y Embriologia; Argentina

Background Intestinal parasitoses are a major concern for public health, especially in children from middle and low-income populations of tropical and subtropical areas. We examined the presence and co-infection of parasites in humans as well as parasitic environmental contamination in Puerto Iguazú, Argentina. We explored the environmental and socio-demographic characteristics of the persistence of parasites in children and their environment. Methodology/Principal findings This cross-section survey was conducted among children population comprised into the area of the public health care centers of Iguazú during June 2013 to May 2016. Copro-parasitological status of 483 asymptomatic children was assessed. Simultaneously, a design-based sampling of 744 soil samples and 530 dog feces was used for characterize the environmental contamination. The 71.5% of these sites were contaminated. Sixteen genera were detected in the environment being hookworms (62.0%) the main pathogens group detected followed by Toxocara spp (16.3%), Trichuris spp (15.2%) and Giardia (6.5%). Total children prevalence raised 58.8%, detecting twelve genera of parasite with Giardia intestinalis as the most prevalent pathogen (29.0%) followed by Enterobius vermicularis (23.0%), Hymenolepis nana (12.4%) and hookworms (4.4%). Through questionnaires and census data, we characterized the socio-demographics conditions at an individual, family and neighborhood levels. A multi-level analysis including environmental contamination data showed that the ´presence of parasites´ was mostly determined by individual (e.g. age, playing habits, previous treatment) and household level (e.g. UBN, WASH, mother's literacy) determinants. Remarkably, to define the level of ‘parasite co-infection’, besides individual and household characteristics, environmental factors at a neighborhood level were important. Conclusion/Significance Our work represents the major survey of intestinal parasites in human and environmental samples developed in the region. High prevalence was detected in the children population as well as in their environment. This work shows the importance of considering and promoting multi-level actions over the identified determinants to face this public health problem from integrative approaches., Author summary Enteroparasites are among the main issues in public health arena, especially in children of vulnerable communities from developing countries. We performed a combined analysis of the factors that describe parasite prevalence in children and their environment. Our result evidenced a combined effect of socio-demographic and environmental factors acting at different scales (individual, family, and neighborhood) to determine the parasitic infections patterns and health risk of children at Iguazú Municipality in Argentina. Therefore, this work shed light on the multiple and multilevel factors involved in parasitic diseases, emphasizing the need for action in socio-health and environmental structural issues, not only from the decision-making authorities but also from the individuals, families and communities in favor of promoting healthy environments and healthy individuals.

Although birds belong to the best known animal groups, their systematics has not been fully resolved yet. Among the approximately 80 Neotropical owl species, there are monotypic genera such as Lophostrix, complex and diverse genera such as Megascops or Glaucidium, as well as widespread and variable taxa such as Bubo virginianus and Tyto furcata. Based on a literature review, we provide here an overview of the current taxonomy and nomenclature of Neotropical owls, and indicate knowledge gaps as focus points for future research.

Os metodos de observacao direta do comportamento animal podem ser classificados em metodos de unico ponto ou sequencial. Aqui discutimos as vantagens e desvantagens da utilizacao desses metodos em estudos sobre o comportamento de forrageamento das aves e sugerimos ferramentas estatisticas apropriadas para a analise de dadosdependentes, como aqueles oriundos de observacoes sequenciais. O metodo de unico ponto e apropriado para estudos com aves que sejam facilmente encontradas em campo e possui o beneficio de evitar a dependencia entre as amostras. O metodo de observacoes sequenciais e recomendado para estudos feitos com especies raras, dificeis de serem visualizadas entre a vegetacao ou quando taxas e transicoes de comportamentos sao importantes para a pesquisa, alem de possibilitar amostras comportamentais mais completas. Entretanto, a escolha de observacoes sequenciais implica em problemas com a dependencia entre os registros, pois estes possuem erros correlacionados que promovem uma estimativa subestimada da variância da amostra. Ferramentas estatisticas que permitam ajustes para autocorrelacao entre as amostras devem ser utilizadas nestes casos. As cadeias de Markov sao apropriadas para estudos sobre transicoes de comportamentos e reconhecem a interdependencia entre as amostras sequenciais. A Analise de Variância para medidas repetidas e a Analise de Variância Multivariada podem ser utilizadas nas analises de dados dependentes, mas e preciso ter atencao aos pressupostos dos testes. Os modelos lineares generalizados mistos contribuem com as analises de registros sequenciais (dependentes) por modelar a parte aleatoria com a inclusao de uma matriz de variâncias-covariâncias. A escolha do metodo de observacao direta deve ser feita com consideracoes sobre o contexto que envolve a pesquisa e atencao deve ser dada aos pressupostos das ferramentas estatisticas que serao aplicadas. ABSTRACT - METHODS OF DIRECT OBSERVATION IN STUDIES ON FORAGING BEHAVIOR OF BIRDS The methods of direct observation of animal behavior can be classified into single-point or sequential methods. We intend to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using each of these methods in studies on the foraging behavior of birds and to suggest appropriate statistical tools for the analysis of dependent data, such as those derived from sequential observations. Single-point methods are appropriate for studies with birds that are easily found in the field and have the benefit of avoiding dependence between samples. The sequential observation are suitable for surveys of rare species and those difficult to see among vegetation or when rates and transitions are important for research, in addition to enabling more complete behavioral samples. However, the selection of sequential observations denotes problems related to the dependency between records, since these have correlated errors that promote an underestimated value of the sample variance. Statistical tools that allow statistical adjustment for auto-correlation should be used in these cases. Markov chains are appropriate for behavioral transitions studies and recognize the interdependence between sequential samples. Repeated-measure Analysis of Variance and Multivariate Analysis of Variance can be used for dependent data analyzes, but attention must be paid to the assumptions of the tests. The generalized linear mixed models can contribute to the analysis of continuous records by modeling the random part including a variance-covariance matrix. The choice of the method of direct observation should be madewith considerations about the context that involves the research and attention must be given to the assumptions of the statistical tools that will be applied.

Complex frugivory networks are common in heterogeneous environments, but how the structure of those networks varies due to seasonality and other environmental factors remains unclear. For example, seasonal variation in rainfall can influence fruit production and diaspore characteristics, which could alter the quantity and quality of resources available to different animals in the network and, hence, network structure. We investigated how a frugivory network varied seasonally in Brazilian savanna (Cerrado), where there are well-defined dry and wet seasons and fructification mainly during the rainy season for most tree species. We recorded fruit consumption by animals during the dry and wet seasons in two different gallery forests and used these data to test the hypotheses that connectance, links per species and nestedness would be higher in the dry season than rainy season due to low available food in the former that would be consumed by various species of frugivores. Concomitantly, we also measured seed width and lipid content from diaspores of the fruiting trees to determine if these characteristics influenced interaction properties between fruiting trees and frugivores. Among the measured network parameters, connectance, links per species and specialization varied between seasons in one site but not in the other, indicating that seasonal variation in networks is not necessarily consistent over time or space. The number of tree species with small diaspores with high lipid content differed between seasons, and those characteristics were key factors increasing the interaction parameter of fruiting trees. We suggest that network stability between seasons may be related to local frugivore diversity, resource availability, and fruit quality.

In this chapter, we have compiled the literature for the 23 Brazilian owl species, which represent almost one-third of all Neotropical owls. Our main objective here was to review the taxonomy, distribution, ecology, and conservation of each species, both revealing gaps in our knowledge and supplying directions to promote more research on Brazilian owls. Even though in the last 15 years there was an impressive increasing number of specific publications on owls in Brazil, particularly on food habits, we have detected that other essential data about distribution, taxonomy, population density, habitat requirements, reproductive biology, and anthropogenic effect on owl populations are needed for most owl species. Probably the lack of basic biological information on most species is responsible for the relative absence of owls in the Brazilian official lists of threatened fauna in regional and national scales.

Aim: To evaluate the physical activity level of HiperDia users in a Family Health Unit (FHU) in Recife, as well as its association with different factors. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study, performed with hypertensive and/or diabetic users registered and accompanied by the FHU. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) – in its short version – was applied in order to estimate physical activity level. Descriptive and inferential statistical procedures were used for presenting data and verifying associations. Results: Great part of the sample comprised women (75.9%), retirees or pensioners (55.6%), and individuals who reported negative perception of health (51.9%). The percentage of users showing low physical activity levels was found to be 29.6%. Statistical tests employed did not find association between physical activity level and sociodemographic, economical, behavioral and health variables. Conclusion: The physical inactivity prevalence found was lower than that verified in other literature studies performed with HiperDia users. It is important that physical activity performance remains being stimulated in the health promotion actions conducted by the FHU, as well as maintenance of intersectoral actions by means of the City Gym Program. DESCRIPTORS: Motor Activity. Primary Health Care. Hypertension.

Although most raptor species are found mainly in the tropics, information on their home range and spatial requirements in the Neotropics is still scarce. In this study, we used radio telemetry to evaluate the home range and the habitat use and selection of five Roadside hawks, Rupornis magnirostris (Gmelin, 1788) in a heterogeneous landscape in southeastern Brazil. The average home range size calculated using the adaptive kernel method (95% isopleth) was 126.1 ha (47.4–266.7 ha), but using the minimum convex polygon method (95% isopleth) it was 143.54 ha (32.6–382.3 ha). The roadside hawk explored a wide variety of habitats, most of them opportunistically, as suggested in the literature. Despite this, habitat quality could influence home range size and promote habitat selection. The observation of habitat use as expected, as well as the relatively small home range size, could be related to the generalist/opportunistic behaviour of the roadside hawk.

Sixteen opportunistic field observations of eight species of Brazilian raptors (Falconiformes and Strigiformes) are reported here as a contribution to the knowledge of the natural history of these poorly studied birds in Brazil. The observations are related to the food habits (Buteo albicaudatus, Herpetotheres cachinnans, Milvago chimachima, Falco femoralis), reproduction (Asio stygius, Megascops choliba), mobbing behaviour elicited in other birds (Geranospiza caerulescens, H. cachinnans, F. femoralis, A. stygius, Athene cunicularia) and a rare case of leucism in owls (A. cunicularia).

The Collared Crescentchest (Melanopareia torquata) is endemic to the Cerrado Biome, and distributed mainly in Brazil, but extending to Bolivia and Paraguay. Although considered of least concern globally, it is threatened in the state of Sao Paulo in south-eastern Brazil. In this study we examined the morphology and some aspects of behaviour of the Collared Crescentchest. Birds were captured with mist-nets using playback in September–December 2006 and October–November 2007. For each captured bird, we took a range of morphological measurements, looked for brood-patches and moult, and took a blood sample for genetic determination of sex. Of the 35 individuals captured, only five were female, probably as a result of behavioural differences between sexes, with males apparently responding more readily to the playback. Furthermore, birds with white dorsal patches exhibited more aggression or risk taking behaviour than birds without patches. However, there was no sexual dimorphism in any of the morphological or colour traits measured (although the female sample was small). Brood-patches were present mainly in October and November, but we did not detect any cloacal protuberance. Among the four species that comprise the family Melanopareiidae, this is the first record of brood-patches in males.

Sampling owls in a reliable and standardized way is not easy given their nocturnal habits. Playback is a widely employed technique to survey owls. We assessed the influence of wind speed, temperature, air humidity, and moon phase on the response rate of the Tropical Screech Owl Megascops choliba and the Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia in southeast Brazil. Tropical Screech Owl occurs in scrubland and wooded habitats, whereas the Burrowing Owl inhabits open grasslands to grassland savannah. Sixteen survey points were systematically distributed in four different landscape types, ranging from open grassland to woodland savannah. Field work was conducted in 2004 from June to December, the reproductive season of the two owl species. Our study design consisted of eight field expeditions of five nights each; four expeditions occurred under full moon and four under new moon conditions. At each survey station, we performed a broadcast/listening sequence involving several calls and vocalizations from each species, starting with Tropical Screech Owl (the smaller species). From 112 sample periods for each species within their respective preferred habitats, we obtained 54 responses from Tropical Screech Owl (48% response rate) and 30 responses (27% response rate) from Burrowing Owl. We found that the response rate of Tropical Screech Owl increased under conditions of higher temperature and air humidity, while the response rate of Burrowing Owl was higher during full moon nights.

The feeding habits of the maned wolf were studied in southeast Brazil to understand its response towards changes in the environment and in relation to its prey. By occurrence, miscellaneous fruits, small mammals and wolf's fruit were the most consumed items. Armadillos, small mammals and wolf's fruit (Solanum lycocarpum) provided most of the ingested biomass. While wolf's fruit and small mammals were mainly consumed in the dry season, other miscellaneous fruits were taken mostly in the wet season. There was selectivity in the predation on some small mammal species. The maned wolf's diet followed patterns similar to those found in more pristine areas. O habito alimentar do lobo guara foi estudado no sudeste do Brasil para descrever suas respostas as alteracoes do ambiente e em relacao as suas presas. Por frequencia de ocorrencia, as frutas silvestres, os pequenos mamiferos e a fruta-do-lobo foram os itens mais consumidos. Tatus, pequenos mamiferos e a frutas-do-lobo (Solanum lycocarpum) constituiram os ite...

A variety of factors influence prey selection by predators. Because Barn Owls (Tyto alba) and Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia) differ in size and foraging tactics, we expected differential predation on small mammal prey. We hypothesized that the Barn Owl, an active predator, would prey on smaller and younger individuals than the Burrowing Owl, a sit-and-wait predator. We used pellet analyses to evaluate selection of small mammals by the two owls in relation to prey species, age, and size at the Ecological Station of Itirapina, state of Sao Paulo, in southeastern Brazil. Small mammals constituted most of the prey individuals and biomass in the diet of Barn Owls. Although Burrowing Owls consumed a wider range of taxa, small mammals represented one-third of all biomass consumed. With respect to small mammals, Barn Owls foraged selectively relative to prey species, size, and age. Burrowing Owls foraged opportunistically relative to prey species, but selectively relative to prey size and age. Barn Owls selected smaller and younger (juvenile and subadult) individuals of the delicate vesper mouse (Calomys tener) and Burrowing Owls preyed more on larger and older (subadult only) individuals. Morphology and behavior of both prey and predators may explain this differential predation. Our data suggest that the active predator feeds on smaller and younger prey and the sit-and-wait predator took relatively larger and older prey.

O cerrado é um dos biomas mais ameaçados no mundo, apresentando algumas das maiores taxas de destruição causadas principalmente pela agropecuária. Poucos estudos têm avaliado a diversidade local de aves no cerrado, especialmente em áreas marginais desse bioma. A Estação Ecológica de Itirapina (EEI) contém um dos últimos remanescentes de campos naturais e cerrados do estado de São Paulo. Um levantamento das aves desta unidade de conservação, feito tanto por observações casuais como sistemáticas entre 1998 e 2007, e complementado por revisão de literatura, revelou que 231 espécies apresentaram ocorrência recente na área. Desse total, 38 espécies (16,4%) encontram-se na lista de espécies ameaçadas para o estado de São Paulo e/ou são endêmicas do Cerrado, um alto número quando comparado com outras áreas de cerrados paulistas ou mesmo em relação ao Brasil Central. Tal fato reforça a importância da EEI em relação à conservação da avifauna e demonstra que a mesma está mantendo sua função de conservar a biodiversidade. Adicionalmente, ao longo dos 10 anos de estudo foram detectadas várias ameaças à EEI, e neste sentido são recomendadas aqui algumas sugestões de manejo que consideramos essenciais para essa unidade de conservação manter ou mesmo aumentar sua diversidade de aves. Currently the Cerrado biome is one of the most threatened in the world because high taxes of destruction, mostly by agriculture and cattle. Few assessments of local bird diversity have been made in this biome, particularly in non core areas. The Estação Ecológica de Itirapina (EEI) maintains one of the last natural grassland savannah remnants of state of São Paulo, south-east Brazil. We conducted casual and systematic observations of birds in this reserve between 1998 and 2007, which altogether with additional literature revision yielded 231 species with recent occurrence. We report 38 species (16.4%) threatened with extinction in São Paulo and/or endemic to the Cerrado Region, an impressive result in comparison to other cerrado areas in São Paulo and even in Central Brazil. These results reinforce the importance of EEI for bird conservation and mean EEI is maintaining its function as a conservation unity. However, as a result of several menaces observed to this reserve during our ten years study, we suggest some management practices for the maintenance or even increasing of bird diversity in this reserve.

The feeding ecology of the White-tailed Hawk (Buteo albicaudatus albicaudatus) was studied in south-eastern Brazil. The aims of this study were to: (1) quantify the diet of the White-tailed Hawk, including the number of prey species eaten and their biomass; (2) investigate the influence of season on diet; and (3) describe the breadth of the diet. Pellets found beneath seven White-tailed Hawk nests and several roosting sites around the nesting sites were collected from September 2000 to September 2001. The analysis of 259 pellets revealed 31 prey species or morphospecies, 3296 individuals and 7.2 kg of estimated consumed biomass. Five insect orders (Hymenoptera, Heteroptera, Odonata, Isoptera and Lepidoptera) and one vertebrate order (Chiroptera) were reported as prey for the first time for this species. By number, invertebrates made up 88% of all prey items, 63% of which belonged to a single orthopteran family (Acrididae). Among vertebrates, rodents were the group most consumed by number and represented 73% of all vertebrate prey items. However, in terms of estimated biomass consumed, the most represented groups were rodents (50%), orthopterans (21%), birds (11%) and lizards (7%). Vertebrates alone yielded 77% of the total biomass consumed. Whereas the White-tailed Hawk may be classified as insectivorous by number of prey, it is carnivorous with respect to biomass ingestion. According to the Levin’s diet-breadth index, this raptor could be considered to be a specialist predator of grasshoppers (Acrididae) by prey number and of rodents by prey biomass. Food eaten was dependent on season, with more mammals taken during the dry (breeding) season and a broader range of prey during the wet season.

In previous studies, the applicability of polymeric hydrogels for the protection of egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) against simulated gastric conditions was established. Thereafter, the performance of the hydrogels was improved with the addition of chitosan wrapped carbon nanotubes and the in vitro toxicity for porcine intestinal cells of these nanocomposites was assessed. The objective of the present study was to evaluate in vivo the protective efficacy of the nanocomoposite matrix for IgY when the immunoglobulin is used against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) in challenged piglets. Groups of piglets orally challenged with 10(11)CFU/mL of ETEC were treated with non-protected and protected IgY. The clinical response of each group was monitored and evaluated in terms of dehydration, rectal temperature, faecal consistency score and body weight gain. Blood parameters and histological aspects were also studied. The results showed that treatment of infected piglets with protected IgY reduced significantly the severity of diarrhea. Non-protected IgY group show a lower recovery rate. Blood parameters and histological aspects were normal in both groups. Collectively, these results support previous in vitro studies showing that the nanocomposites can be an effective method of IgY protection against gastric inactivation.

We analyzed diet and prey selection of the relatively unknown albicaudatus subspecies of the White-tailed Hawk (Buteo albicaudatus). Our study was based on an analysis of 259 pellets collected from September 2000 to September 2001 in the municipality of Juiz de Fora in southeastern Brazil. We also assessed the abundance of small mammals with pitfall traps (2,160 trap-nights). Small mammals composed 52.5% of the estimated biomass consumed by the hawks, and selection appeared to be mediated by abundance. The Bonferroni confidence intervals procedure revealed that when abundance of small mammals was higher, the hawks were selective, preying on Calomys tener more than would be expected by chance (P < 0.05); other rodents were consumed less than expected. Oligoryzomys nigripes, Oxymycterus sp., and Gracilinanus spp. were taken in the same proportion as they were found in the field. During reduced prey abundance (October–March), White-tailed Hawks preyed opportunistically on small mammals. Differences ...

Le tamarin lion dore (Leontopithecus rosalia) s'alimente comme d'autres Callitrichidae, d'insectes, de petits vertebres, d'oeufs d'oiseaux et de fruits. Ses fruits preferes sont charnus, doux et tendres. Deux groupes de tamarins lion dores on ete etudies pendant 24 mois (decembre 1998 - decembre 2000), sur un total de 871,9 h. Les objectifs de cet article sont de detailler les especes de fruits manges par le tamarin lion dore, et de decrire les caracteristiques morphologiques des fruits exploites. Les tamarins commencent leurs activites du lever jusqu'au coucher du soleil, avec un taux d'activite journaliere moyen de 10,45 h. Les fruits et branches des arbres des especes utilisees ont ete recueillis et identifies. Pendant l'etude, les deux groupes de tamarins ont mange 57 especes de fruits, et ont avale et defeque les semences de 39 especes. Les donnees montrent l'importance des fruits dans le regime du tamarin lion dore. Cette espece est une des plus menacees au monde, et les etudes sur son ecologie et son comportement contribueront a la conservation de l'espece, de son habitat et d'un des derniers domaines de la Foret Atlantique de l'Etat de Rio de Janeiro.

The study focused on vulnerability of small savannah mammals in relation to hearing, locomotion and activity on full moon nights in a continuum from more bushy to more open Cerrado physiognomies in order to understand predator selection in a southeast Brazilian savannah preserve. Diet preference of three nocturnal/crepuscular predators, a canid (maned wolf – Chrysocyon brachyurus) and two raptors (barn owl – Tyto alba and burrowing owl – Athene cunicularia), were assessed, simultaneously to measurement of rodent tympanic bulla volume, calculation of a prey bipedalism index (ratio between length of fore and hind limbs) and small mammal sampling in three different Cerrado physiognomies and on different moon phases. High bulla volume, low bipedalism index (bipedal locomotion) and high abundance/activity on darker nights and in bushy habitats are assumed as less vulnerability to predation. Although the Echymyidae Clyomys bishopi was the least vulnerable prey to aerial attack, possibly due to its good hearing (highest bulla volume), its predominantly quadrupedal locomotion (high bidepalism index) seemed not to be so efficient against the maned wolf, as it was preyed upon more than expected by chance by this canid. The Cricetidae Olygoryzomys nigripes and Calomys tener were either consumed opportunistically by the two owls or they were preyed upon at a frequency lower than expected by chance by the maned wolf. However, as the dominant species in the study area, C. tener was always consumed in large proportions. Olygoryzomys nigripes was the least vulnerable prey to the analysed predators, possibly due to its efficient locomotion (low bipedalism index) and scansorial habits, even though its bulla volume suggests a low hearing capability and the level of activity is the same during both lunar phases. As a vulnerable prey relative to hearing, locomotion and predominantly terrestrial habits, Calomys tener's strategy against predators is to decrease its activity on nights with a full moon and to inhabit physiognomies with more dense vegetation cover. The Cricetidae Necromys lasiurus seems to be especially vulnerable to the barn owl as it was consumed more than expected by chance. Its bulla relative volume was low, the bipedalism index and short tail indicate poor locomotion efficiency, and body size as well as terrestrial habits suit the barn owl's size and aerial hunting strategy. Mechanisms such as inflated bullae seem to play a secondary role in a more wooded environment, such as the savannah; locomotion mode, use of refuges and the exhibition of a more secretive behaviour (such as avoidance of moonlight) seem more effective in these neotropical landscapes.

Composite materials based on carbon nanotubes (CNT) and polymeric hydrogels have become the subject matter of major interest for use as carriers in drug delivery research. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of the hydrogel–carbon nanotube–chitosan (hydrogel–CNT–CH) composites on intestinal cells. Oxidized CNT were wrapped with chitosan (CH), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis suggest that oxidized CNT interact with CH. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show a CH layer lying around CNT. Chitosan wrapped CNT were incorporated to poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogels. Swelling behavior in buffers at different pH were evaluated and revealed a significantly lower swelling when it is exposed to a acid buffer solution (pH 2.2). Mechanical properties were evaluated by measurements of elasticity and the material with CNT showed better mechanical properties. The incorporation and liberation of Egg Yolk Immunoglobulin from hydrogel–CNT–CH were also assessed and it revealed an improved performance. To evaluate the effect of these nanocomposites on cellular redox balance, intestinal cells were exposed to hydrogel–CNT–CH composites and antioxidant enzymes were assessed. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis were also evaluated. Hydrogel–CNT–CH composites induce no oxidative stress and there were no evidence of cytotoxicity or cell death. These preliminary findings suggest that hydrogel–CNT–CH composites show improved properties and good biocompatibility in vitro making these biomaterials promising systems for drug delivery purposes. Fil: Bellingeri, Romina Valeria. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal. Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Alustiza, Fabrisio Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal. Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Picco, Natalia Yanina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal. Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Acevedo, Diego Fernando. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Molina, María Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; Argentina. Freie Universitat Berlin,; Alemania. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Rivero, Rebeca Edith. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Grosso, Maria Carolina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal. Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Motta, Carlos. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal. Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal; Argentina Fil: Barbero, César Alfredo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Vivas, Adriana. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal. Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal; Argentina

Early pregnancy factor (EPF) is an immunosuppressant that promotes maternal immune system tolerance of the allogenic fetus. Little is known about localization of this factor in different tissues and nothing has been reported about localization in swine reproductive and placental tissues. We determined the concentration of EPF in serum of gilts and porcine placenta conditioned medium (PPCM). We also analyzed the expression of EPF in different reproductive tissues of pregnant gilts at 10, 30, 60 and 90 days of pregnancy. EPF concentration in serum and PPCM was determined by western blot and densitometry. EPF expression in reproductive tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The highest concentration of EPF was observed at 30 days in serum and PPCM; the concentration was higher in PPCM than in serum at the stages we evaluated. All reproductive tissues from the gestational stages analyzed showed specific labeling of EPF, but this labeling did not appear in non-pregnant gilts. At 30 days pregnancy, the EPF expression in the ovary was predominantly in follicular lutein cells, probably owing to its function as a luteotrophic factor. In the oviduct, EPF was expressed in unciliated secretory epithelial cells and in the cilia of ciliated cells. In the placenta, EPF was expressed in the fetal portion (mesoderm chorioallantois and epithelium of endoderm). EPF acts as an autocrine and paracrine growth factor for the trophoblast during the peri-implantation period. Fil: Grosso, Maria Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal; Argentina Fil: Bellingeri, Romina Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal; Argentina Fil: Motta, C. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal; Argentina Fil: Alustiza, Fabrisio Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal; Argentina Fil: Picco, Natalia Yanina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal; Argentina Fil: Vivas, Adriana Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria. Departamento de Anatomia Animal; Argentina

The Tropical Screech-Owl (Megascops choliba) is a small nocturnal raptor that uses a large range of habitats throughout Brazil. Although it is one of the most abundant owls in the Neotropics, nothing has been published on its spatial ecology, and information on basic natural history is scarce. We followed four radio-tagged males to estimate home-range size and habitat selection in a savanna (cerrado) patch in southeastern Brazil. The mean (±SD) home-range size was 51.2 (26.9) ha using the 95% minimum convex polygon (MCP) method and 80.8 (40.2) ha using the 95% fixed kernel (FK) method. The mean (±SD) core area was 22.4 (8.8) ha (65% FK). During nocturnal activities, owls preferred semi-open (campo cerrado) and semi-closed (cerrado sensu stricto) habitats and avoided open habitats (campo sujo). Gallery forests and patches of invasive pines were preferred for roosting during the day. The variation in size of individual home ranges may be explained by individual's breeding status and habitat structu...

Analysis of 105 scats of the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) collected in central Brazil yielded 304 occurrences of food items of which fruits of Solanum lycocarpum, rodents, and birds accounted for 61.5%. By analysis of minimum number of individual animals, rodents and birds were 75% of a total of 156 prey. On the other hand, fruits of S. lycocarpum and armadillos (Dasypus spp.) were the bulk of the total estimated biomass consumption, yielding 63.7% in a total of 73.5 kg. Rodents were mostly captured during the dry season, while miscellaneous fruits were consumed mostly in the wet season. The consumption of S. lycocarpum fruits and armadillos was aseasonal. Small rodents were taken in about the ranks of abundance in the study area, but S. lycocarpum fruits were actively searched by maned wolves, for its occurrence is limited to secondary savanna. Prey and fruits typical of savanna (‘cerrado’) and grassland (‘campo’) were the bulk of species, occurrences, prey numbers, and biomass consumed. These findings reinforce the importance of conservation of cerrado and campo in central Brazil. Despite maned wolf being a vulnerable species, its feeding habits are opportunistic, and the main reasons for its decline are likely to be habitat destruction and human disturbance.

Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection is common in calves. Egg yolk antibodies (IgY) have been used to treat gastrointestinal infectious diseases. This study aimed to characterize IgY against bovine ETEC and to evaluate its effects on bovine intestinal cell culture challenged with a bovine ETEC strain. IgY was isolated from the egg yolks of hens immunized with ETEC. The characteristics of IgY were determined by Bradford, ELISA, gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. Significant differences in anti-ETEC activity between anti-ETEC IgY and non-specific IgY were found in lyophilized fractions. In the bacterial growth assay, anti-ETEC IgY (40 mg/mL) showed growth inhibition of ETEC after 2 h of incubation (p

Submitted by Boris Flegr (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-01-06T14:11:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Carlos Motta Matheus.pdf: 2041061 bytes, checksum: 2ca9bb37ff8376c441a8f61a9e2f307a (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-06T14:11:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Carlos Motta Matheus.pdf: 2041061 bytes, checksum: 2ca9bb37ff8376c441a8f61a9e2f307a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-12 Construction and Demolition Waste Management System could be referred as a management tool, in which a hypothesis of developing a model according to the Balanced Scorecard concepts could be verified. Concepts and understandings have been searched in the theoretical reference on the enterprise responsibility in dispose their waste, especially C&D waste, involving the evolution, concepts and basis of the environmental and social responsibility, citizenship and enterprise support, social balance, inductors and indicators of social and environmental responsibility, strategic attitude and the social and environmental responsibility as an intangible asset. Thus, the Scorecard Balanced of Kaplan and Norton have been detailed in four perspectives: financial, customers, internal processes e learning and improvement, related to the enterprise waste management responsibility. In order to evaluate the adjustment of the indicators and respective metrics, it has been indicated the application of the ten tests of Performance Prism. The waste management responsibility is, this way, analyzed in four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard. The main characteristic of the model is the introduction of environmental and social responsibility into the company strategies, aligning the social actions to beliefs and values of the company. After model implementation in a civil engineering organization, recycled gob used as raw materials for aggregates has achieved 52% of total generated gob, proving the feasibility of use of indicators, integrating waste management actions on other critical issues and the company's strategic. O gerenciamento dos resíduos de construção civil configura-se ferramenta sistêmica, no qual se verifica a possibilidade do uso de um modelo de Sistema de Gerenciamento com a utilização de indicadores. O referencial teórico abordado, com conceitos e entendimentos sobre a responsabilidade socioambiental das organizações na disposição correta de seus resíduos, particularmente aqueles oriundos de construção civil como indutores e indicadores de responsabilidade social e ambiental, posicionamento estratégico e a responsabilidade socioambiental, delimitam a esfera financeira como um ativo intangível da empresa. Assim, o Balanced Scorecard, apresentado em suas quatro perspectivas: a financeira, a do cliente, a dos processos internos e a do aprendizado e crescimento, relacionam-se com a responsabilidade na gestão dos seus resíduos. Para avaliar a adequação dos indicadores e respectivas métricas, torna-se plausível a aplicação dos dez testes do Performance Prism. A gestão por indicadores é assim analisada na ótica das diferentes, porém integradas, perspectivas do Balanced Scorecard. A principal característica do modelo em estudo é a inserção da responsabilidade pelos resíduos às estratégias empresariais, conduzindo linearmente tais ações aos princípios da empresa. Os resultados apresentados após sua implementação em uma empresa de engenharia civil proporcionaram um reaproveitamento do entulho gerado da ordem de aproximados 52% como matéria-prima para agregados, comprovando a viabilidade de uso dos indicadores, integrando as ações de gerenciamento de resíduos às demais questões críticas e estratégicas da empresa.

Barros, Fábio Monteiro de, Granzinolli, Marco Antonio Monteiro, Pereira, Ricardo José Garcia, 45, José Carlos Motta-Junior Vol., 1-4, Nos., 2011, January, 65-75 (2011): CORRIGENDUM Home range and habitat use by the roadside hawk, Rupornis magnirostris (Gmelin, 1788) (Aves: Falcaniformes) in southeastern Brazil. Journal of Natural History 45 (11-12): 749-750, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.563138, URL: https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/460b1e02-aa6d-3831-83d2-cfddef33e589/

Birds are known to be important dispersers of plants, since the passage of seeds through the digestive tract often has a positive influence on germination percentage and speed. In this study, proportions of germination in different substrates were compared between Myrsine (Myrsinaceae) seeds collected manually and those ingested by birds. The guilds of birds that fed on M. umbellata and M. lancifolia were identified and comprise 24 and 12 species, respectively. A higher germination proportion was found among seeds defecated by birds and sowed in the study area. The study also found differences between the guilds of frugivores in both synchronopatric species. Therefore, we suggest that M. umbellata and M. lancifolia are important food sources by birds that play a positive influence for enhance germination of Myrsine. As aves são reconhecidamente importantes agentes dispersores de plantas, uma vez que a passagem da semente pelo trato digestório muitas vezes interfere positivamente na porcentagem e velocidade de germinação de sementes. No presente estudo, as porcentagens de germinação, em diferentes substratos, foram comparadas entre sementes ingeridas por aves e sementes não-ingeridas (coletadas manualmente) de Myrsine (Myrsinaceae). A guilda de aves que se alimentou de M. umbellata e M. lancifolia foi identificada com 24 e 12 espécies, respectivamente. Verificou-se maior porcentagem de germinação nas sementes defecadas por aves, que foram semeadas em solo da área de estudo. Além disso, constataram-se diferenças nas guildas de frugívoros entre as duas espécies sincronopátricas. Portanto, nós sugerimos que M. umbellata e M. lancifolia são importantes fontes alimentares para aves que têm uma influência positiva para o aumento na germinação de Myrsine.

Na natação, atualmente, a avaliação do desempenho dos nadadores, apóiam-se em diversas metodologias de observação da competição. As variáveis biomecânicas representam um importante recurso para análise da performance esportiva por serem indicadores da eficiência do nado, com aplicação simples e objetiva. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise descritiva do desempenho na prova de 100 metros nado Livre feminino, baseada nas variáveis: comprimento de braçada (CB), frequência de braçada (FB), velocidade de nado (VN), índice de nado (IN), velocidade média escalar (Vm), tempo de saída (Ts) e tempo de virada (Tv), a fim de observar o comportamento e influências na performance. Foram capturadas imagens por uma câmera mini-DV, analisadas por um "software" editor de vídeo. As variáveis CB, VN e IN foram encontradas indiretamente, sem considerar as fases de saída e virada. Ts e Tv foram obtidos através da linha do tempo do software. A análise de dados mostra para atleta 1: CB 2,00 m, FB 0,89 Hz, VN 1,78 m/s e IN 3,56 m²/s; atleta 2: CB 1,82 m, FB 0,97 Hz, VN 1,76 m/s, IN 3,20 m²/s; atleta 3: CB 1,91 m, FB 0,92 Hz, VN 1,75 m/s, IN 3,32 m²/s. Conclui-se que: o desempenho final apresentou comportamentos similares nos três primeiros trechos da prova indicando uma influência semelhante dessas variáveis sobre o desempenho das atletas. No último quarto da prova as variáveis apresentam maior interferência na performance final, sendo este decorrente de uma possível diminuição da eficiência mecânica do nado devido ao aumento do arrasto e redução da força propulsiva. The performance evaluation of swimmers is based on many methodologies of watching the competition. Biomechanical variables represent an important resource for analyzing the performance of swimmers because they are simple and objective indicators of swimming efficiency. The objective of this research was to observe how biomechanical variables affect swimmers' performance in of the female 100 meters freestyle in order to observe the behavior and influence stroke length (SL), stroke frequency (SF), swimming velocity (SV), swimming index (SI), average speed (AS), time of departure (Td), time of turning (Tt). On swimming performance images were captured using a mini-DV camera, which were subsequently analyzed with the help of a software video editor. The variables SL, SV and SI were indirectly measured, without considering start and turning phases. Td and Tt were obtained through the timeline of the software. Data analysis shows for athlete 1: SL = 2.00 m, SF = 0.89 hz, SV = 1.78 m/s, SI = 3.56 m²/s, athlete 2: SL = 1.82 m, SF = 0,97Hz, SV = 1.76 m/s, SI = 3.20 m²/s, athlete 3: SL = 1.91 m, SF = 0.92 Hz, SV = 1.75 m/s, SI = 3.32 m²/s. We concluded that the final performance presented similar behavior in the first three parts of the race, indicating a similar influence of these variables on the performance of athletes. In the last quarter of the race showed that variables have greater interference in the final performance, this probably due to a possible decrease in mechanical efficiency of swimming due to increase in drag and reduction in propulsive force.

Na natação, atualmente, a avaliação do desempenho dos nadadores, apóiam-se em diversas metodologias de observação da competição. As variáveis biomecânicas representam um importante recurso para análise da performance esportiva por serem indicadores da eficiência do nado, com aplicação simples e objetiva. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise descritiva do desempenho na prova de 100 metros nado Livre feminino, baseada nas variáveis: comprimento de braçada (CB), frequência de braçada (FB), velocidade de nado (VN), índice de nado (IN), velocidade média escalar (Vm), tempo de saída (Ts) e tempo de virada (Tv), a fim de observar o comportamento e influências na performance. Foram capturadas imagens por uma câmera mini-DV, analisadas por um "software" editor de vídeo. As variáveis CB, VN e IN foram encontradas indiretamente, sem considerar as fases de saída e virada. Ts e Tv foram obtidos através da linha do tempo do software. A análise de dados mostra para atleta 1: CB 2,00 m, FB 0,89 Hz, VN 1,78 m/s e IN 3,56 m²/s; atleta 2: CB 1,82 m, FB 0,97 Hz, VN 1,76 m/s, IN 3,20 m²/s; atleta 3: CB 1,91 m, FB 0,92 Hz, VN 1,75 m/s, IN 3,32 m²/s. Conclui-se que: o desempenho final apresentou comportamentos similares nos três primeiros trechos da prova indicando uma influência semelhante dessas variáveis sobre o desempenho das atletas. No último quarto da prova as variáveis apresentam maior interferência na performance final, sendo este decorrente de uma possível diminuição da eficiência mecânica do nado devido ao aumento do arrasto e redução da força propulsiva. The performance evaluation of swimmers is based on many methodologies of watching the competition. Biomechanical variables represent an important resource for analyzing the performance of swimmers because they are simple and objective indicators of swimming efficiency. The objective of this research was to observe how biomechanical variables affect swimmers' performance in of the female 100 meters freestyle in order to observe the behavior and influence stroke length (SL), stroke frequency (SF), swimming velocity (SV), swimming index (SI), average speed (AS), time of departure (Td), time of turning (Tt). On swimming performance images were captured using a mini-DV camera, which were subsequently analyzed with the help of a software video editor. The variables SL, SV and SI were indirectly measured, without considering start and turning phases. Td and Tt were obtained through the timeline of the software. Data analysis shows for athlete 1: SL = 2.00 m, SF = 0.89 hz, SV = 1.78 m/s, SI = 3.56 m²/s, athlete 2: SL = 1.82 m, SF = 0,97Hz, SV = 1.76 m/s, SI = 3.20 m²/s, athlete 3: SL = 1.91 m, SF = 0.92 Hz, SV = 1.75 m/s, SI = 3.32 m²/s. We concluded that the final performance presented similar behavior in the first three parts of the race, indicating a similar influence of these variables on the performance of athletes. In the last quarter of the race showed that variables have greater interference in the final performance, this probably due to a possible decrease in mechanical efficiency of swimming due to increase in drag and reduction in propulsive force.