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1. The Ni isotopic composition of Ryugu reveals a common accretion region for carbonaceous chondrites

Author

Spitzer, Fridolin, Kleine, Thorsten, Burkhardt, Christoph, Hopp, Timo, Yokoyama, Tetsuya, Abe, Yoshinari, Aléon, Jérôme, Alexander, Conel M. O'D., Amari, Sachiko, Amelin, Yuri, Bajo, Ken-ichi, Bizzarro, Martin, Bouvier, Audrey, Carlson, Richard W., Chaussidon, Marc, Choi, Byeon-Gak, Dauphas, Nicolas, Davis, Andrew M., Di Rocco, Tommaso, Fujiya, Wataru, Fukai, Ryota, Gautam, Ikshu, Haba, Makiko K., Hibiya, Yuki, Hidaka, Hiroshi, Homma, Hisashi, Hoppe, Peter, Huss, Gary R., Ichida, Kiyohiro, Iizuka, Tsuyoshi, Ireland, Trevor R., Ishikawa, Akira, Itoh, Shoichi, Kawasaki, Noriyuki, Kita, Noriko T., Kitajima, Kouki, Komatani, Shintaro, Krot, Alexander N., Liu, Ming-Chang, Masuda, Yuki, Morita, Mayu, Moynier, Fréderic, Motomura, Kazuko, Nakai, Izumi, Nagashima, Kazuhide, Nguyen, Ann, Nittler, Larry, Onose, Morihiko, Pack, Andreas, Park, Changkun, Piani, Laurette, Qin, Liping, Russell, Sara S., Sakamoto, Naoya, Schönbächler, Maria, Tafla, Lauren, Tang, Haolan, Terada, Kentaro, Terada, Yasuko, Usui, Tomohiro, Wada, Sohei, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Walker, Richard J., Yamashita, Katsuyuki, Yin, Qing-Zhu, Yoneda, Shigekazu, Young, Edward D., Yui, Hiroharu, Zhang, Ai-Cheng, Nakamura, Tomoki, Naraoka, Hiroshi, Noguchi, Takaaki, Okazaki, Ryuji, Sakamoto, Kanako, Yabuta, Hikaru, Abe, Masanao, Miyazaki, Akiko, Nakato, Aiko, Nishimura, Masahiro, Okada, Tatsuaki, Yada, Toru, Yogata, Kasumi, Nakazawa, Satoru, Saiki, Takanao, Tanaka, Satoshi, Terui, Fuyuto, Tsuda, Yuichi, Watanabe, Sei-ichiro, Yoshikawa, Makoto, Tachibana, Shogo, and Yurimoto, Hisayoshi

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

The isotopic compositions of samples returned from Cb-type asteroid Ryugu and Ivuna-type (CI) chondrites are distinct from other carbonaceous chondrites, which has led to the suggestion that Ryugu and CI chondrites formed in a different region of the accretion disk, possibly around the orbits of Uranus and Neptune. We show that, like for Fe, Ryugu and CI chondrites also have indistinguishable Ni isotope anomalies, which differ from those of other carbonaceous chondrites. We propose that this unique Fe and Ni isotopic composition reflects different accretion efficiencies of small FeNi metal grains among the carbonaceous chondrite parent bodies. The CI chondrites incorporated these grains more efficiently, possibly because they formed at the end of the disk's lifetime, when planetesimal formation was also triggered by photoevaporation of the disk. Isotopic variations among carbonaceous chondrites may thus reflect fractionation of distinct dust components from a common reservoir, implying CI chondrites and Ryugu may have formed in the same region of the accretion disk as other carbonaceous chondrites., Comment: Published open access in Science Advances

Published
2024
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2. Water circulation in Ryugu asteroid affected the distribution of nucleosynthetic isotope anomalies in returned sample.

Author

Yokoyama, Tetsuya, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Iizuka, Tsuyoshi, Rai, Vinai, Gautam, Ikshu, Hibiya, Yuki, Masuda, Yuki, Haba, Makiko, Fukai, Ryota, Hines, Rebekah, Phelan, Nicole, Abe, Yoshinari, Aléon, Jérôme, Alexander, Conel, Amari, Sachiko, Amelin, Yuri, Bajo, Ken-Ichi, Bizzarro, Martin, Bouvier, Audrey, Carlson, Richard, Chaussidon, Marc, Choi, Byeon-Gak, Dauphas, Nicolas, Davis, Andrew, Di Rocco, Tommaso, Fujiya, Wataru, Hidaka, Hiroshi, Homma, Hisashi, Hoppe, Peter, Huss, Gary, Ichida, Kiyohiro, Ireland, Trevor, Ishikawa, Akira, Itoh, Shoichi, Kawasaki, Noriyuki, Kita, Noriko, Kitajima, Koki, Kleine, Thorsten, Komatani, Shintaro, Krot, Alexander, Liu, Ming-Chang, McKeegan, Kevin, Morita, Mayu, Motomura, Kazuko, Moynier, Frédéric, Nakai, Izumi, Nagashima, Kazuhide, Nguyen, Ann, Nittler, Larry, Onose, Morihiko, Pack, Andreas, Park, Changkun, Piani, Laurette, Qin, Liping, Russell, Sara, Sakamoto, Naoya, Schönbächler, Maria, Tafla, Lauren, Tang, Haolan, Terada, Kentaro, Terada, Yasuko, Usui, Tomohiro, Wada, Sohei, Walker, Richard, Yamashita, Katsuyuki, Yoneda, Shigekazu, Young, Edward, Yui, Hiroharu, Zhang, Ai-Cheng, Nakamura, Tomoki, Naraoka, Hiroshi, Noguchi, Takaaki, Okazaki, Ryuji, Sakamoto, Kanako, Yabuta, Hikaru, Abe, Masanao, Miyazaki, Akiko, Nakato, Aiko, Nishimura, Masahiro, Okada, Tatsuaki, Yada, Toru, Yogata, Kasumi, Nakazawa, Satoru, Saiki, Takanao, Tanaka, Satoshi, Terui, Fuyuto, Tsuda, Yuichi, Watanabe, Sei-Ichiro, Yoshikawa, Makoto, Tachibana, Shogo, Yurimoto, Hisayoshi, and Yin, Qing-Zhu

Abstract

Studies of material returned from Cb asteroid Ryugu have revealed considerable mineralogical and chemical heterogeneity, stemming primarily from brecciation and aqueous alteration. Isotopic anomalies could have also been affected by delivery of exogenous clasts and aqueous mobilization of soluble elements. Here, we show that isotopic anomalies for mildly soluble Cr are highly variable in Ryugu and CI chondrites, whereas those of Ti are relatively uniform. This variation in Cr isotope ratios is most likely due to physicochemical fractionation between 54Cr-rich presolar nanoparticles and Cr-bearing secondary minerals at the millimeter-scale in the bulk samples, likely due to extensive aqueous alteration in their parent bodies that occurred [Formula: see text] after Solar System birth. In contrast, Ti isotopes were marginally affected by this process. Our results show that isotopic heterogeneities in asteroids are not all nebular or accretionary in nature but can also reflect element redistribution by water.

Published
2023

3. Abundant presolar grains and primordial organics preserved in carbon-rich exogenous clasts in asteroid Ryugu.

Author

Nguyen, Ann, Mane, Prajkta, Keller, Lindsay, Piani, Laurette, Abe, Yoshinari, Aléon, Jérôme, Alexander, Conel, Amari, Sachiko, Amelin, Yuri, Bajo, Ken-Ichi, Bizzarro, Martin, Bouvier, Audrey, Carlson, Richard, Chaussidon, Marc, Choi, Byeon-Gak, Dauphas, Nicolas, Davis, Andrew, Di Rocco, Tommaso, Fujiya, Wataru, Fukai, Ryota, Gautam, Ikshu, Haba, Makiko, Hibiya, Yuki, Hidaka, Hiroshi, Homma, Hisashi, Hoppe, Peter, Huss, Gary, Ichida, Kiyohiro, Iizuka, Tsuyoshi, Ireland, Trevor, Ishikawa, Akira, Itoh, Shoichi, Kawasaki, Noriyuki, Kita, Noriko, Kitajima, Kouki, Kleine, Thorsten, Komatani, Shintaro, Krot, Alexander, Liu, Ming-Chang, Masuda, Yuki, McKeegan, Kevin, Morita, Mayu, Motomura, Kazuko, Moynier, Frédéric, Nakai, Izumi, Nagashima, Kazuhide, Nesvorný, David, Nittler, Larry, Onose, Morihiko, Pack, Andreas, Park, Changkun, Qin, Liping, Russell, Sara, Sakamoto, Naoya, Schönbächler, Maria, Tafla, Lauren, Tang, Haolan, Terada, Kentaro, Terada, Yasuko, Usui, Tomohiro, Wada, Sohei, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Walker, Richard, Yamashita, Katsuyuki, Yokoyama, Tetsuya, Yoneda, Shigekazu, Young, Edward, Yui, Hiroharu, Zhang, Ai-Cheng, Nakamura, Tomoki, Naraoka, Hiroshi, Noguchi, Takaaki, Okazaki, Ryuji, Sakamoto, Kanako, Yabuta, Hikaru, Abe, Masanao, Miyazaki, Akiko, Nakato, Aiko, Nishimura, Masahiro, Okada, Tatsuaki, Yada, Toru, Yogata, Kasumi, Nakazawa, Satoru, Saiki, Takanao, Tanaka, Satoshi, Terui, Fuyuto, Tsuda, Yuichi, Watanabe, Sei-Ichiro, Yoshikawa, Makoto, Tachibana, Shogo, Yurimoto, Hisayoshi, and Yin, Qing-Zhu

Subjects
Carbon, Solar System, Meteoroids, Silicates
Abstract

Preliminary analyses of asteroid Ryugu samples show kinship to aqueously altered CI (Ivuna-type) chondrites, suggesting similar origins. We report identification of C-rich, particularly primitive clasts in Ryugu samples that contain preserved presolar silicate grains and exceptional abundances of presolar SiC and isotopically anomalous organic matter. The high presolar silicate abundance (104 ppm) indicates that the clast escaped extensive alteration. The 5 to 10 times higher abundances of presolar SiC (~235 ppm), N-rich organic matter, organics with N isotopic anomalies (1.2%), and organics with C isotopic anomalies (0.2%) in the primitive clasts compared to bulk Ryugu suggest that the clasts formed in a unique part of the protoplanetary disk enriched in presolar materials. These clasts likely represent previously unsampled outer solar system material that accreted onto Ryugu after aqueous alteration ceased, consistent with Ryugus rubble pile origin.

Published
2023

4. Presolar stardust in asteroid Ryugu

Author

Barosch, Jens, Nittler, Larry R., Wang, Jianhua, Alexander, Conel M. O'D., De Gregorio, Bradley T., Engrand, Cécile, Kebukawa, Yoko, Nagashima, Kazuhide, Stroud, Rhonda M., Yabuta, Hikaru, Abe, Yoshinari, Aléon, Jérôme, Amari, Sachiko, Amelin, Yuri, Bajo, Ken-ichi, Bejach, Laure, Bizzarro, Martin, Bonal, Lydie, Bouvier, Audrey, Carlson, Richard W., Chaussidon, Marc, Choi, Byeon-Gak, Cody, George D., Dartois, Emmanuel, Dauphas, Nicolas, Davis, Andrew M., Dazzi, Alexandre, Deniset-Besseau, Ariane, Di Rocco, Tommaso, Duprat, Jean, Fujiya, Wataru, Fukai, Ryota, Gautam, Ikshu, Haba, Makiko K., Hashiguchi, Minako, Hibiya, Yuki, Hidaka, Hiroshi, Homma, Hisashi, Hoppe, Peter, Huss, Gary R., Ichida, Kiyohiro, Iizuka, Tsuyoshi, Ireland, Trevor R., Ishikawa, Akira, Ito, Motoo, Itoh, Shoichi, Kamide, Kanami, Kawasaki, Noriyuki, Kilcoyne, A. L. David, Kita, Noriko T., Kitajima, Kouki, Kleine, Thorsten, Komatani, Shintaro, Komatsu, Mutsumi, Krot, Alexander N., Liu, Ming-Chang, Martins, Zita, Masuda, Yuki, Mathurin, Jérémie, McKeegan, Kevin D., Montagnac, Gilles, Morita, Mayu, Mostefaoui, Smail, Motomura, Kazuko, Moynier, Frédéric, Nakai, Izumi, Nguyen, Ann N., Ohigashi, Takuji, Okumura, Taiga, Onose, Morihiko, Pack, Andreas, Park, Changkun, Piani, Laurette, Qin, Liping, Quirico, Eric, Remusat, Laurent, Russell, Sara S., Sakamoto, Naoya, Sandford, Scott A., Schönbächler, Maria, Shigenaka, Miho, Suga, Hiroki, Tafla, Lauren, Takahashi, Yoshio, Takeichi, Yasuo, Tamenori, Yusuke, Tang, Haolan, Terada, Kentaro, Terada, Yasuko, Usui, Tomohiro, Verdier-Paoletti, Maximilien, Wada, Sohei, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Wakabayashi, Daisuke, Walker, Richard J., Yamashita, Katsuyuki, Yamashita, Shohei, Yin, Qing-Zhu, Yokoyama, Tetsuya, Yoneda, Shigekazu, Young, Edward D., Yui, Hiroharu, Zhang, Ai-Cheng, Abe, Masanao, Miyazaki, Akiko, Nakato, Aiko, Nakazawa, Satoru, Nishimura, Masahiro, Okada, Tatsuaki, Saiki, Takanao, Tanaka, Satoshi, Terui, Fuyuto, Tsuda, Yuichi, Watanabe, Sei-ichiro, Yada, Toru, Yogata, Kasumi, Yoshikawa, Makoto, Nakamura, Tomoki, Naraoka, Hiroshi, Noguchi, Takaaki, Okazaki, Ryuji, Sakamoto, Kanako, Tachibana, Shogo, and Yurimoto, Hisayoshi

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We have conducted a NanoSIMS-based search for presolar material in samples recently returned from C-type asteroid Ryugu as part of JAXA's Hayabusa2 mission. We report the detection of all major presolar grain types with O- and C-anomalous isotopic compositions typically identified in carbonaceous chondrite meteorites: 1 silicate, 1 oxide, 1 O-anomalous supernova grain of ambiguous phase, 38 SiC, and 16 carbonaceous grains. At least two of the carbonaceous grains are presolar graphites, whereas several grains with moderate C isotopic anomalies are probably organics. The presolar silicate was located in a clast with a less altered lithology than the typical extensively aqueously altered Ryugu matrix. The matrix-normalized presolar grain abundances in Ryugu are 4.8$^{+4.7}_{-2.6}$ ppm for O-anomalous grains, 25$^{+6}_{-5}$ ppm for SiC grains and 11$^{+5}_{-3}$ ppm for carbonaceous grains. Ryugu is isotopically and petrologically similar to carbonaceous Ivuna-type (CI) chondrites. To compare the in situ presolar grain abundances of Ryugu with CI chondrites, we also mapped Ivuna and Orgueil samples and found a total of SiC grains and 6 carbonaceous grains. No O-anomalous grains were detected. The matrix-normalized presolar grain abundances in the CI chondrites are similar to those in Ryugu: 23 $^{+7}_{-6}$ ppm SiC and 9.0$^{+5.3}_{-4.6}$ ppm carbonaceous grains. Thus, our results provide further evidence in support of the Ryugu-CI connection. They also reveal intriguing hints of small-scale heterogeneities in the Ryugu samples, such as locally distinct degrees of alteration that allowed the preservation of delicate presolar material., Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. Published in ApJL

Published
2022
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5. Oxygen isotopes of anhydrous primary minerals show kinship between asteroid Ryugu and comet 81P/Wild2

Author

Kawasaki, Noriyuki, Nagashima, Kazuhide, Sakamoto, Naoya, Matsumoto, Toru, Bajo, Ken-ichi, Wada, Sohei, Igami, Yohei, Miyake, Akira, Noguchi, Takaaki, Yamamoto, Daiki, Russell, Sara S, Abe, Yoshinari, Aléon, Jérôme, Alexander, Conel M O’D, Amari, Sachiko, Amelin, Yuri, Bizzarro, Martin, Bouvier, Audrey, Carlson, Richard W, Chaussidon, Marc, Choi, Byeon-Gak, Dauphas, Nicolas, Davis, Andrew M, Di Rocco, Tommaso, Fujiya, Wataru, Fukai, Ryota, Gautam, Ikshu, Haba, Makiko K, Hibiya, Yuki, Hidaka, Hiroshi, Homma, Hisashi, Hoppe, Peter, Huss, Gary R, Ichida, Kiyohiro, Iizuka, Tsuyoshi, Ireland, Trevor R, Ishikawa, Akira, Ito, Motoo, Itoh, Shoichi, Kita, Noriko T, Kitajima, Kouki, Kleine, Thorsten, Komatani, Shintaro, Krot, Alexander N, Liu, Ming-Chang, Masuda, Yuki, McKeegan, Kevin D, Morita, Mayu, Motomura, Kazuko, Moynier, Frédéric, Nakai, Izumi, Nguyen, Ann, Nittler, Larry, Onose, Morihiko, Pack, Andreas, Park, Changkun, Piani, Laurette, Qin, Liping, Schönbächler, Maria, Tafla, Lauren, Tang, Haolan, Terada, Kentaro, Terada, Yasuko, Usui, Tomohiro, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Walker, Richard J, Yamashita, Katsuyuki, Yin, Qing-Zhu, Yokoyama, Tetsuya, Yoneda, Shigekazu, Young, Edward D, Yui, Hiroharu, Zhang, Ai-Cheng, Nakamura, Tomoki, Naraoka, Hiroshi, Okazaki, Ryuji, Sakamoto, Kanako, Yabuta, Hikaru, Abe, Masanao, Miyazaki, Akiko, Nakato, Aiko, Nishimura, Masahiro, Okada, Tatsuaki, Yada, Toru, Yogata, Kasumi, Nakazawa, Satoru, Saiki, Takanao, Tanaka, Satoshi, Terui, Fuyuto, Tsuda, Yuichi, Watanabe, Sei-ichiro, Yoshikawa, Makoto, Tachibana, Shogo, and Yurimoto, Hisayoshi

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Physical Sciences, Space Sciences, Geology, Prevention
Abstract

The extraterrestrial materials returned from asteroid (162173) Ryugu consist predominantly of low-temperature aqueously formed secondary minerals and are chemically and mineralogically similar to CI (Ivuna-type) carbonaceous chondrites. Here, we show that high-temperature anhydrous primary minerals in Ryugu and CI chondrites exhibit a bimodal distribution of oxygen isotopic compositions: 16O-rich (associated with refractory inclusions) and 16O-poor (associated with chondrules). Both the 16O-rich and 16O-poor minerals probably formed in the inner solar protoplanetary disk and were subsequently transported outward. The abundance ratios of the 16O-rich to 16O-poor minerals in Ryugu and CI chondrites are higher than in other carbonaceous chondrite groups but are similar to that of comet 81P/Wild2, suggesting that Ryugu and CI chondrites accreted in the outer Solar System closer to the accretion region of comets.

Published
2022

8. Pyrrhotites in asteroid 162173 Ryugu: Records of the initial changes on their surfaces with aqueous alteration

Author

Yui, Hiroharu, Urashima, Shu-hei, Onose, Morihiko, Morita, Mayu, Komatani, Shintaro, Nakai, Izumi, Abe, Yoshinari, Terada, Yasuko, Homma, Hisashi, Motomura, Kazuko, Ichida, Kiyohiro, Yokoyama, Tetsuya, Nagashima, Kazuhide, Aléon, Jérôme, M. O’D. Alexander, Conel, Amari, Sachiko, Amelin, Yuri, Bajo, Ken-ichi, Bizzarro, Martin, Bouvier, Audrey, Carlson, Richard W., Chaussidon, Marc, Choi, Byeon-Gak, Dauphas, Nicolas, Davis, Andrew M., Fujiya, Wataru, Fukai, Ryota, Gautam, Ikshu, Haba, Makiko K., Hibiya, Yuki, Hidaka, Hiroshi, Hoppe, Peter, Huss, Gary R., Iizuka, Tsuyoshi, Ireland, Trevor R., Ishikawa, Akira, Itoh, Shoichi, Kawasaki, Noriyuki, Kita, Noriko T., Kitajima, Kouki, Kleine, Thorsten, Krot, Sasha, Liu, Ming-Chang, Masuda, Yuki, Moynier, Frédéric, Nguyen, Ann, Nittler, Larry, Pack, Andreas, Park, Changkun, Piani, Laurette, Qin, Liping, Di Rocco, Tommaso, Russell, Sara S., Sakamoto, Naoya, Schönbächler, Maria, Tafla, Lauren, Tang, Haolan, Terada, Kentaro, Usui, Tomohiro, Wada, Sohei, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Walker, Richard J., Yamashita, Katsuyuki, Yin, Qing-Zhu, Yoneda, Shigekazu, Young, Edward D., Zhang, Ai-Cheng, Nakamura, Tomoki, Naraoka, Hiroshi, Noguchi, Takaaki, Okazaki, Ryuji, Sakamoto, Kanako, Yabuta, Hikaru, Abe, Masanao, Miyazaki, Akiko, Nakato, Aiko, Nishimura, Masahiro, Okada, Tatsuaki, Yada, Toru, Yogata, Kasumi, Nakazawa, Satoru, Saiki, Takanao, Tanaka, Satoshi, Terui, Fuyuto, Tsuda, Yuichi, Watanabe, Sei-ichiro, Yoshikawa, Makoto, Tachibana, Shogo, and Yurimoto, Hisayoshi

Published
2024
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9. Pervasive aqueous alteration in the early Solar System revealed by potassium isotopic variations in Ryugu samples and carbonaceous chondrites

Author

Hu, Yan, Moynier, Frédéric, Dai, Wei, Paquet, Marine, Yokoyama, Tetsuya, Abe, Yoshinari, Aléon, Jérôme, Alexander, Conel M. O'D., Amari, Sachiko, Amelin, Yuri, Bajo, Ken-ichi, Bizzarro, Martin, Bouvier, Audrey, Carlson, Richard W., Chaussidon, Marc, Choi, Byeon-Gak, Dauphas, Nicolas, Davis, Andrew M., Di Rocco, Tommaso, Fujiya, Wataru, Fukai, Ryota, Gautam, Ikshu, Haba, Makiko K., Hibiya, Yuki, Hidaka, Hiroshi, Homma, Hisashi, Hoppe, Peter, Huss, Gary R., Ichida, Kiyohiro, Iizuka, Tsuyoshi, Ireland, Trevor R., Ishikawa, Akira, Itoh, Shoichi, Kawasaki, Noriyuki, Kita, Noriko T., Kitajima, Koki, Kleine, Thorsten, Komatani, Shintaro, Krot, Alexander N., Liu, Ming-Chang, Masuda, Yuki, Morita, Mayu, Motomura, Kazuko, Nakai, Izumi, Nagashima, Kazuhide, Nesvorný, David, Nguyen, Ann, Nittler, Larry, Onose, Morihiko, Pack, Andreas, Park, Changkun, Piani, Laurette, Qin, Liping, Russell, Sara S., Sakamoto, Naoya, Schönbächler, Maria, Tafla, Lauren, Tang, Haolan, Terada, Kentaro, Terada, Yasuko, Usui, Tomohiro, Wada, Sohei, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Walker, Richard J., Yamashita, Katsuyuki, Yin, Qing-Zhu, Yoneda, Shigekazu, Young, Edward D., Yui, Hiroharu, Zhang, Ai-Cheng, Nakamura, Tomoki, Naraoka, Hiroshi, Noguchi, Takaaki, Okazaki, Ryuji, Sakamoto, Kanako, Yabuta, Hikaru, Abe, Masanao, Miyazaki, Akiko, Nakato, Aiko, Nishimura, Masahiro, Okada, Tatsuaki, Yada, Toru, Yogata, Kasumi, Nakazawa, Satoru, Saiki, Takanao, Tanaka, Satoshi, Terui, Fuyuto, Tsuda, Yuichi, Watanabe, Sei-ichiro, Yoshikawa, Makoto, Tachibana, Shogo, and Yurimoto, Hisayoshi

Published
2024
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10. Nasal continuous positive pressure versus simple face mask oxygenation for adult obese and obstructive sleep apnea patients undergoing colonoscopy under propofol-based general anesthesia without tracheal intubation: A randomized controlled trial

Author

Cukierman, Daniel S., Perez, Manuel, Guerra-Londono, Juan J., Carlson, Richard, Hagan, Katherine, Ghebremichael, Semhar, Hagberg, Carin, Ge, Phillip S., Raju, Gottumukkala S., Rhim, Andrew, and Cata, Juan P.

Published
2023
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11. Contribution of Ryugu-like material to Earth’s volatile inventory by Cu and Zn isotopic analysis

Author

Paquet, Marine, Moynier, Frederic, Yokoyama, Tetsuya, Dai, Wei, Hu, Yan, Abe, Yoshinari, Aléon, Jérôme, O’D. Alexander, Conel M., Amari, Sachiko, Amelin, Yuri, Bajo, Ken-ichi, Bizzarro, Martin, Bouvier, Audrey, Carlson, Richard W., Chaussidon, Marc, Choi, Byeon-Gak, Dauphas, Nicolas, Davis, Andrew M., Di Rocco, Tommaso, Fujiya, Wataru, Fukai, Ryota, Gautam, Ikshu, Haba, Makiko K., Hibiya, Yuki, Hidaka, Hiroshi, Homma, Hisashi, Hoppe, Peter, Huss, Gary R., Ichida, Kiyohiro, Iizuka, Tsuyoshi, Ireland, Trevor R., Ishikawa, Akira, Ito, Motoo, Itoh, Shoichi, Kawasaki, Noriyuki, Kita, Noriko T., Kitajima, Kouki, Kleine, Thorsten, Komatani, Shintaro, Krot, Alexander N., Liu, Ming-Chang, Masuda, Yuki, McKeegan, Kevin D., Morita, Mayu, Motomura, Kazuko, Nakai, Izumi, Nagashima, Kazuhide, Nesvorný, David, Nguyen, Ann N., Nittler, Larry, Onose, Morihiko, Pack, Andreas, Park, Changkun, Piani, Laurette, Qin, Liping, Russell, Sara S., Sakamoto, Naoya, Schönbächler, Maria, Tafla, Lauren, Tang, Haolan, Terada, Kentaro, Terada, Yasuko, Usui, Tomohiro, Wada, Sohei, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Walker, Richard J., Yamashita, Katsuyuki, Yin, Qing-Zhu, Yoneda, Shigekazu, Young, Edward D., Yui, Hiroharu, Zhang, Ai-Cheng, Nakamura, Tomoki, Naraoka, Hiroshi, Noguchi, Takaaki, Okazaki, Ryuji, Sakamoto, Kanako, Yabuta, Hikaru, Abe, Masanao, Miyazaki, Akiko, Nakato, Aiko, Nishimura, Masahiro, Okada, Tatsuaki, Yada, Toru, Yogata, Kasumi, Nakazawa, Satoru, Saiki, Takanao, Tanaka, Satoshi, Terui, Fuyuto, Tsuda, Yuichi, Watanabe, Sei-ichiro, Yoshikawa, Makoto, Tachibana, Shogo, and Yurimoto, Hisayoshi

Published
2023
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14. Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Disease

Author

Peerapornratana, Sadudee, Priyanka, Priyanka, Wang, Shu, Smith, Ali, Singbartl, Kai, Palevsky, Paul M, Chawla, Lakhmir S, Yealy, Donald M, Angus, Derek C, Kellum, John A, Investigators, ProCESS and ProGReSS-AKI, Huang, David T, Keener, Christopher, Lucko, Nicole, Pike, Francis, Yende, Sachin, Barnato, Amber E, Eaton, Tammy L, Gimbel, Elizabeth, Landis, Kyle, Stapleton, Diana K, Weissfeld, Lisa A, Willochell, Michael, Wofford, Kourtney A, Kulstad, Erik, Watts, Hannah, Venkatv, Arvind, Hou, Peter C, Massaro, Anthony, Parmar, Siddharth, Limkakeng, Alexander T, Brewer, Kori, Delbridge, Theodore R, Mainhart, Allison, Miner, James R, Allen, Todd L, Grissom, Colin K, Swadron, Stuart, Conrad, Steven A, Carlson, Richard, LoVecchio, Frank, Bajwa, Ednan K, Filbin, Michael R, Parry, Blair A, Ellender, Timothy J, Sama, Andrew E, Fine, Jonathan, Nafeei, Soheil, Terndrup, Thomas, Wojnar, Margaret, Pearl, Ronald G, Wilber, Scott T, Sinert, Richard, Orban, David J, Wilson, Jason W, Ufberg, Jacob W, Albertson, Timothy, Panacek, Edward A, Parekh, Sohan, Gunn, Scott R, Rittenberger, Jon S, Wadas, Richard J, Edwards, Andrew R, Kelly, Matthew, Wang, Henry E, Holmes, Talmage M, McCurdy, Michael T, Weinert, Craig, Harris, Estelle S, Self, Wesley H, Dubinski, Diane, Phillips, Carolyn A, and Migues, Ronald M

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Kidney Disease, Hematology, Clinical Research, Sepsis, Infectious Diseases, Renal and urogenital, Good Health and Well Being, ProCESS and ProGReSS-AKI Investigators, acute kidney disease, acute kidney injury, biomarker, predict, recovery, sepsis, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

IntroductionAbout one-third of critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) develop persistently decreased kidney function, known as acute kidney disease (AKD), which may progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although sepsis is the most common cause of AKI, little is known about sepsis-associated AKD.MethodsUsing data from a large randomized trial including 1341 patients with septic shock, we studied patients with stage 2 or 3 AKI on day 1 of hospitalization. We defined AKD as a persistently reduced glomerular filtration rate for >7 days. In addition to clinical data, we measured several urinary biomarkers (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 [TIMP-2∗IGFBP7], neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL], kidney injury molecule-1 [KIM-1], liver-type fatty acid binding protein, and type 4 collagen) at 0, 6, and 24 hours, to predict AKD.ResultsOf 598 patients, 119 (19.9%) died within 7 days, 318 (53.2%) had early reversal of AKI within the first 7 days, whereas 161 (26.9%) developed AKD. In patients with early reversal, 45 (14.2%) had relapsed AKI after early reversal, and only about one-third of these recovered. Among patients developing AKD, only 15 (9.3%) recovered renal function prior to discharge. Male sex, African American race, and underlying CKD were more predominant in patients developing AKD. None of the biomarkers tested performed well for prediction of AKD, although NGAL modestly increased the performance of a clinical model.ConclusionsAKD is common in patients with septic shock, especially among African American males and those with underlying CKD. Existing AKI biomarkers have limited utility for predicting AKD but might be useful together with clinical variables. Novel predictive biomarkers for renal recovery are needed.

Published
2020

15. OSHA and Public Health in an Emergency and a Culture War

Author

Carlson, Richard R.

Subjects
United States. Occupational Safety and Health Administration -- Analysis -- Public opinion -- Powers and duties, Occupational diseases -- Laws, regulations and rules, Executive power -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Health aspects, Public health law -- Interpretation and construction, War and emergency powers -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Health aspects, Government regulation, Law, National Federation of Independent Business v. Department of Labor (142 S. Ct. 661 (2022))
Abstract

The approval of COVID-19 vaccinations for working age Americans in early 2021 offered a welcome release from oppressive non-vaccination safety measures. Group activities including normal employment operations became possible with a greatly reduced risk of serious illness and death. However, escape from the virus and non-vaccination measures was limited by widespread resistance to vaccination. OSHA became one of a handful of federal government offices that adopted rules to motivate more people to accept vaccination as the best way to protect themselves, protect their families, and escape the oppression of non-vaccination measures. OSHA, which regulates private sector 'occupational' health, issued an 'emergency' rule that applied only to private sector employers with at least 100 employees. The rule did not 'mandate' vaccinations. However, it strongly motivated employers to adopt their own vaccination requirements in order to avoid the alternative: burdensome non-vaccination requirements. OSHA's emergency rule did not last long. Within two months, the U.S. Supreme Court issued an emergency stay against the rule in National Federation of Independent Businesses v. Department of Labor ('NFIB'). The practical effect of the Court's emergency stay was the end of the emergency OSHA rule. The OSHA rule is dead, but NFIB lingers as a problem for future health crises. COVID-19 is not necessarily the last or most serious health crisis we will face as a nation. OSHA will probably be needed to contribute to a national response in the future. NFIB is a poorly reasoned but still significant obstacle for OSHA's participation in a public health crisis. This article examines the ways OSHA can act on an emergency basis in a crisis, the expanse and limits of its authority to regulate 'occupational' health, the meaning and flaws of the Court's decision in NFIB to block enforcement of OSHA's COVID-19 rule, and the possible strategies for OSHA in the next public-occupational health crisis., ABSTRACT 1001 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1003 I. INTRODUCTION 1004 II. OSHA'S PANDEMIC RESPONSE 1006 A. OSHA's Early Treatment of COVID-19 as an 'Occupational' Disease 1006 B. OSHA's Early Enforcement Strategy [...]

Published
2022

23. Disequilibrium oxygen isotope distribution among aqueously altered minerals in Ryugu asteroid returned samples

Author

Kita, Noriko T., primary, Kitajima, Kouki, additional, Nagashima, Kazuhide, additional, Kawasaki, Noriyuki, additional, Sakamoto, Naoya, additional, Fujiya, Wataru, additional, Abe, Yoshinari, additional, Aléon, Jérôme, additional, Alexander, Conel M. O'D., additional, Amari, Sachiko, additional, Amelin, Yuri, additional, Bajo, Ken‐ichi, additional, Bizzarro, Martin, additional, Bouvier, Audrey, additional, Carlson, Richard W., additional, Chaussidon, Marc, additional, Choi, Byeon‐Gak, additional, Dauphas, Nicolas, additional, Davis, Andrew M., additional, Di Rocco, Tommaso, additional, Fukai, Ryota, additional, Gautam, Ikshu, additional, Haba, Makiko K., additional, Hibiya, Yuki, additional, Hidaka, Hiroshi, additional, Homma, Hisashi, additional, Hoppe, Peter, additional, Huss, Gary R., additional, Ichida, Kiyohiro, additional, Iizuka, Tsuyoshi, additional, Ireland, Trevor R., additional, Ishikawa, Akira, additional, Itoh, Shoichi, additional, Kleine, Thorsten, additional, Komatani, Shintaro, additional, Krot, Alexander N., additional, Liu, Ming‐Chang, additional, Masuda, Yuki, additional, McKeegan, Kevin D., additional, Morita, Mayu, additional, Motomura, Kazuko, additional, Moynier, Frédéric, additional, Nakai, Izumi, additional, Nguyen, Ann, additional, Nittler, Larry, additional, Onose, Morihiko, additional, Pack, Andreas, additional, Park, Changkun, additional, Piani, Laurette, additional, Qin, Liping, additional, Russell, Sara S., additional, Schönbächler, Maria, additional, Tafla, Lauren, additional, Tang, Haolan, additional, Terada, Kentaro, additional, Terada, Yasuko, additional, Usui, Tomohiro, additional, Wada, Sohei, additional, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, additional, Walker, Richard J., additional, Yamashita, Katsuyuki, additional, Yin, Qing‐Zhu, additional, Yokoyama, Tetsuya, additional, Yoneda, Shigekazu, additional, Young, Edward D., additional, Yui, Hiroharu, additional, Zhang, Ai‐Cheng, additional, Nakamura, Tomoki, additional, Naraoka, Hiroshi, additional, Noguchi, Takaaki, additional, Okazaki, Ryuji, additional, Sakamoto, Kanako, additional, Yabuta, Hikaru, additional, Abe, Masanao, additional, Miyazaki, Akiko, additional, Nakato, Aiko, additional, Nishimura, Masahiro, additional, Okada, Tatsuaki, additional, Yada, Toru, additional, Yogata, Kasumi, additional, Nakazawa, Satoru, additional, Saiki, Takanao, additional, Tanaka, Satoshi, additional, Terui, Fuyuto, additional, Tsuda, Yuichi, additional, Watanabe, Sei‐ichiro, additional, Yoshikawa, Makoto, additional, Tachibana, Shogo, additional, and Yurimoto, Hisayoshi, additional

Published
2024
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25. Author Correction: Contribution of Ryugu-like material to Earth’s volatile inventory by Cu and Zn isotopic analysis

Author

Paquet, Marine, Moynier, Frederic, Yokoyama, Tetsuya, Dai, Wei, Hu, Yan, Abe, Yoshinari, Aléon, Jérôme, O’D. Alexander, Conel M., Amari, Sachiko, Amelin, Yuri, Bajo, Ken-ichi, Bizzarro, Martin, Bouvier, Audrey, Carlson, Richard W., Chaussidon, Marc, Choi, Byeon-Gak, Dauphas, Nicolas, Davis, Andrew M., Di Rocco, Tommaso, Fujiya, Wataru, Fukai, Ryota, Gautam, Ikshu, Haba, Makiko K., Hibiya, Yuki, Hidaka, Hiroshi, Homma, Hisashi, Hoppe, Peter, Huss, Gary R., Ichida, Kiyohiro, Iizuka, Tsuyoshi, Ireland, Trevor R., Ishikawa, Akira, Ito, Motoo, Itoh, Shoichi, Kawasaki, Noriyuki, Kita, Noriko T., Kitajima, Kouki, Kleine, Thorsten, Komatani, Shintaro, Krot, Alexander N., Liu, Ming-Chang, Masuda, Yuki, McKeegan, Kevin D., Morita, Mayu, Motomura, Kazuko, Nakai, Izumi, Nagashima, Kazuhide, Nesvorný, David, Nguyen, Ann N., Nittler, Larry, Onose, Morihiko, Pack, Andreas, Park, Changkun, Piani, Laurette, Qin, Liping, Russell, Sara S., Sakamoto, Naoya, Schönbächler, Maria, Tafla, Lauren, Tang, Haolan, Terada, Kentaro, Terada, Yasuko, Usui, Tomohiro, Wada, Sohei, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Walker, Richard J., Yamashita, Katsuyuki, Yin, Qing-Zhu, Yoneda, Shigekazu, Young, Edward D., Yui, Hiroharu, Zhang, Ai-Cheng, Nakamura, Tomoki, Naraoka, Hiroshi, Noguchi, Takaaki, Okazaki, Ryuji, Sakamoto, Kanako, Yabuta, Hikaru, Abe, Masanao, Miyazaki, Akiko, Nakato, Aiko, Nishimura, Masahiro, Okada, Tatsuaki, Yada, Toru, Yogata, Kasumi, Nakazawa, Satoru, Saiki, Takanao, Tanaka, Satoshi, Terui, Fuyuto, Tsuda, Yuichi, Watanabe, Sei-ichiro, Yoshikawa, Makoto, Tachibana, Shogo, and Yurimoto, Hisayoshi

Published
2023
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26. Analysis of Cation Composition in Dolomites on the Intact Particles Sampled from Asteroid Ryugu

Author

Morita, Mayu, Yui, Hiroharu, Urashima, Shu Hei, Onose, Morihiko, Komatani, Shintaro, Nakai, Izumi, Abe, Yoshinari, Terada, Yasuko, Homma, Hisashi, Motomura, Kazuko, Ichida, Kiyohiro, Yokoyama, Tetsuya, Nagashima, Kazuhide, Aléon, Jérôme, Conel, Conel M., Amari, Sachiko, Amelin, Yuri, Bajo, Ken-ichi, Bizzarro, Martin, Bouvier, Audrey, Carlson, Richard W., Chaussidon, Marc, Choi, Byeon-Gak, Dauphas, Nicolas, Davis, Andrew M., Fujiya, Wataru, Fukai, Ryota, Gautam, Ikshu, Haba, Makiko K., Hibiya, Yuki, Hidaka, Hiroshi, Hoppe, Peter, Huss, Gary R., Iizuka, Tsuyoshi, Ireland, Trevor R., Ishikawa, Akira, Itoh, Shoichi, Kawasaki, Noriyuki, Kita, Noriko T., Kitajima, Kouki, Kleine, Thorsten, Krot, Sasha, Liu, Ming-Chang, Masuda, Yuki, Moynier, Frédéric, Nguyen, Ann, Nittler, Larry, Pack, Andreas, Park, Changkun, Piani, Laurette, Qin, Liping, Rocco, Tommaso Di, Russell, Sara S., Sakamoto, Naoya, Schönbächler, Maria, Tafla, Lauren, Tang, Haolan, Terada, Kentaro, Usui, Tomohiro, Wada, Sohei, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Walker, Richard J., Yamashita, Katsuyuki, Yin, Qing-Zhu, Yoneda, Shigekazu, Young, Edward D., Zhang, Ai-Cheng, Nakamura, Tomoki, Naraoka, Hiroshi, Noguchi, Takaaki, Okazaki, Ryuji, Sakamoto, Kanako, Yabuta, Hikaru, Abe, Masanao, Miyazaki, Akiko, Nakato, Aiko, Nishimura, Masahiro, Okada, Tatsuaki, Yada, Toru, Yogata, Kasumi, Nakazawa, Satoru, Saiki, Takanao, Tanaka, Satoshi, Terui, Fuyuto, Tsuda, Yuichi, Watanabe, Sei-ichiro, Yoshikawa, Makoto, Tachibana, Shogo, Yurimoto, Hisayoshi, Morita, Mayu, Yui, Hiroharu, Urashima, Shu Hei, Onose, Morihiko, Komatani, Shintaro, Nakai, Izumi, Abe, Yoshinari, Terada, Yasuko, Homma, Hisashi, Motomura, Kazuko, Ichida, Kiyohiro, Yokoyama, Tetsuya, Nagashima, Kazuhide, Aléon, Jérôme, Conel, Conel M., Amari, Sachiko, Amelin, Yuri, Bajo, Ken-ichi, Bizzarro, Martin, Bouvier, Audrey, Carlson, Richard W., Chaussidon, Marc, Choi, Byeon-Gak, Dauphas, Nicolas, Davis, Andrew M., Fujiya, Wataru, Fukai, Ryota, Gautam, Ikshu, Haba, Makiko K., Hibiya, Yuki, Hidaka, Hiroshi, Hoppe, Peter, Huss, Gary R., Iizuka, Tsuyoshi, Ireland, Trevor R., Ishikawa, Akira, Itoh, Shoichi, Kawasaki, Noriyuki, Kita, Noriko T., Kitajima, Kouki, Kleine, Thorsten, Krot, Sasha, Liu, Ming-Chang, Masuda, Yuki, Moynier, Frédéric, Nguyen, Ann, Nittler, Larry, Pack, Andreas, Park, Changkun, Piani, Laurette, Qin, Liping, Rocco, Tommaso Di, Russell, Sara S., Sakamoto, Naoya, Schönbächler, Maria, Tafla, Lauren, Tang, Haolan, Terada, Kentaro, Usui, Tomohiro, Wada, Sohei, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, Walker, Richard J., Yamashita, Katsuyuki, Yin, Qing-Zhu, Yoneda, Shigekazu, Young, Edward D., Zhang, Ai-Cheng, Nakamura, Tomoki, Naraoka, Hiroshi, Noguchi, Takaaki, Okazaki, Ryuji, Sakamoto, Kanako, Yabuta, Hikaru, Abe, Masanao, Miyazaki, Akiko, Nakato, Aiko, Nishimura, Masahiro, Okada, Tatsuaki, Yada, Toru, Yogata, Kasumi, Nakazawa, Satoru, Saiki, Takanao, Tanaka, Satoshi, Terui, Fuyuto, Tsuda, Yuichi, Watanabe, Sei-ichiro, Yoshikawa, Makoto, Tachibana, Shogo, and Yurimoto, Hisayoshi

Abstract

Characterization of the elemental distribution of samples with rough surfaces has been strongly desired for the analysis of various natural and artificial materials. Particularly for pristine and rare analytes with micrometer sizes embedded on specimen surfaces, non-invasive and matrix effect-free analysis is required without surface polishing treatment. To satisfy these requirements, we proposed a new method employing the sequential combination of two imaging modalities, i.e., microenergy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) and Raman micro-spectroscopy. The applicability of the developed method is tested by the quantitative analysis of cation composition in micrometer-sized carbonate grains on the surfaces of intact particles sampled directly from the asteroid Ryugu. The first step of micro-XRF imaging enabled a quick search for the sparsely scattered and micrometer-sized carbonates by the codistributions of Ca2+ and Mn2+ on the Mg2+- and Fe2+-rich phyllosilicate matrix. The following step of Raman micro-spectroscopy probed the carbonate grains and analyzed their cation composition (Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe2+ + Mn2+) in a matrix effect-free manner via the systematic Raman shifts of the lattice modes. The carbonates were basically assigned to ferroan dolomite bearing a considerable amount of Fe2+ + Mn2+ at around 10 atom %. These results are in good accordance with the assignments reported by scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, where the thin-sectioned and surface-polished Ryugu particles were applicable. The proposed method requires neither sectioning nor surface polishing; hence, it can be applied to the remote sensing apparatus on spacecrafts and planetary rovers. Furthermore, the non-invasive and matrix effect-free characterization will provide a reliable analytical tool for quantitative analysis of the elemental distrib

Published
2024

27. Neodymium‐142 deficits and samarium neutron stratigraphy of C‐type asteroid (162173) Ryugu.

Author

Torrano, Zachary A., Jordan, Michelle K., Mock, Timothy D., Carlson, Richard W., Gautam, Ikshu, Haba, Makiko K., Yokoyama, Tetsuya, Abe, Yoshinari, Aléon, Jérôme, Alexander, Conel, Amari, Sachiko, Amelin, Yuri, Bajo, Ken‐ichi, Bizzarro, Martin, Bouvier, Audrey, Chaussidon, Marc, Choi, Byeon‐Gak, Dauphas, Nicolas, Davis, Andrew M., and Di Rocco, Tommaso

Subjects
GALACTIC cosmic rays, NEUTRON capture, MASS spectrometers, CHONDRITES, SAMARIUM
Abstract

We report Nd and Sm isotopic compositions of four samples of Ryugu returned by the Hayabusa2 mission, including "A" (first touchdown) and "C" (second touchdown) samples, and several carbonaceous chondrites to evaluate potential genetic relationships between Ryugu and known chondrite groups and track the cosmic ray exposure history of Ryugu. We resolved Nd and Sm isotopic anomalies in small (<20 ng Nd and Sm) sample sizes via thermal ionization mass spectrometer using 1013 Ω amplifiers. Ryugu samples exhibit resolvable negative μ142Nd values consistent with carbonaceous chondrite values, suggesting that Ryugu is related to the parent bodies of carbonaceous chondrites. Ryugu's negative μ149Sm values are the result of exposure to galactic cosmic rays, as demonstrated by the correlation between 150Sm/152Sm and 149Sm/152Sm ratios that fall along the expected neutron capture correlation line. The neutron fluence calculated in the "A" samples (2.75 ± 1.94 × 1015 n cm−2) is slightly higher compared to the "C" samples (0.95 ± 2.04 × 1015 n cm−2), though overlapping within measurement uncertainty. The Sm results for Ryugu, at this level of precision, thus are consistent with a well‐mixed surface layer at least to the depths from which the "A" and "C" samples derive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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28. Pollination and Seed Production of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (Lamiaceae).

Author

Ingram, Sam S., Wilson, Tyler M., Wilson, Joseph S., Ziebarth, Emma A., Johnson, MaKenna C., Young, Jacob G., and Carlson, Richard E.

Subjects
LAMIACEAE, SEED production (Botany), POLLINATION, SEED viability, LAVENDERS
Abstract

Lavandula angustifolia Mill., lavender, is an aromatic plant in the Lamiaceae family. Lavender is an important economic plant that is cultivated throughout the world. Previous studies have shown that the primary pollinators of lavender in Europe and North Africa are bee species, specifically Bombus spp. However, similar studies have not been previously performed in North America. The current study, on cultivated population lavender (grown from seed) in Utah (USA), found a diverse community of bees visiting lavender over a 4-week sequential and successive blooming period. The observed and identified bees were distinguished across 8 genera and 12 species, of which 3 were species not native to North America. The most observed bees were Apis mellifera (88.3%), Bombus fervidus (4.2%), and B. huntii (3.7%). To investigate seed production and viability, lavender plants were either caged off and their access withheld from pollinators, or selectively granted access to various pollinators, to determine (1) if lavender is capable of self-pollination, (2) if pollination increases both the seed production rates and seed viability of lavender, and (3) which bee species are the most efficient pollinators of lavender. The findings from this study demonstrate the ecological interactions between pollinators both native and non-native to North America on lavender, a plant native to the Mediterranean region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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30. Developing an intraoperative 3T MRI-guided brachytherapy program within a diagnostic imaging suite: Methods, process workflow, and value-based analysis

Author

Ning, Matthew S., Venkatesan, Aradhana M., Stafford, R. Jason, Bui, Thao P., Carlson, Richard, III, Bailard, Neil S., Vedam, Sastry, Davis, Rasheda, Olivieri, Nicholas D., Guzman, Alexis B., Incalcaterra, James R., McKelvey, Florence A., Thaker, Nikhil G., Rauch, Gaiane M., Tang, Chad, Frank, Steven J., Joyner, Melissa M., Lin, Lilie L., Jhingran, Anuja, Eifel, Patricia J., and Klopp, Ann H.

Published
2020
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35. Advanced Scientific Computing Research Network Requirements Review: Final Report 2015

Author

Dart, Eli D., Antypas, Katie A., Bell, Gregory R., Bethel, Edward W., Carlson, Richard, Dattoria, Vince, De, Kaushik, Foster, Ian T., Helland, Barbara, Hester, Mary C., Klasky, Scott A., Klimentov, Alexei, Lehman, Tom, Livny, Miron, Metzger, Joseph C., Milner, Ryan, Moreland, Ken, Nowell, Lucy, Pelfrey, Daniel, Pope, Adrian, Prabhat, Prabhat, Ross, Robert, Rotman, Lauren B., Tierney, Brian L., Wells, Jack, Wu, Kesheng J., Wu, Wenji, Yoo, Ben, Yu, Dantong, and Zurawski, Jason

Abstract

The Energy Sciences Network (ESnet) is the primary provider of network connectivity for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science (SC), the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States. In support of the Office of Science programs, ESnet regularly updates and refreshes its understanding of the networking requirements of the instruments, facilities, scientists, and science programs that it serves. This focus has helped ESnet to be a highly successful enabler of scientific discovery for over 25 years. In April 2015, ESnet and the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR), of the DOE Office of Science, organized a review to characterize the networking requirements of the programs funded by the ASCR program office. Several key findings resulted from the review - they are discussed in this report, along with the case studies presented at the review.

Published
2016

36. Neodymium‐142 deficits and samarium neutron stratigraphy of C‐type asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Author

Torrano, Zachary A., primary, Jordan, Michelle K., additional, Mock, Timothy D., additional, Carlson, Richard W., additional, Gautam, Ikshu, additional, Haba, Makiko K., additional, Yokoyama, Tetsuya, additional, Abe, Yoshinari, additional, Aléon, Jérôme, additional, Alexander, Conel, additional, Amari, Sachiko, additional, Amelin, Yuri, additional, Bajo, Ken‐ichi, additional, Bizzarro, Martin, additional, Bouvier, Audrey, additional, Chaussidon, Marc, additional, Choi, Byeon‐Gak, additional, Dauphas, Nicolas, additional, Davis, Andrew M., additional, Di Rocco, Tommaso, additional, Fujiya, Wataru, additional, Fukai, Ryota, additional, Hibiya, Yuki, additional, Hidaka, Hiroshi, additional, Homma, Hisashi, additional, Hoppe, Peter, additional, Huss, Gary R., additional, Ichida, Kiyohiro, additional, Iizuka, Tsuyoshi, additional, Ireland, Trevor, additional, Ishikawa, Akira, additional, Itoh, Shoichi, additional, Kawasaki, Noriyuki, additional, Kita, Noriko T., additional, Kitajima, Koki, additional, Kleine, Thorsten, additional, Komatani, Shintaro, additional, Krot, Alexander N., additional, Liu, Ming‐Chang, additional, Masuda, Yuki, additional, McKeegan, Kevin D., additional, Morita, Mayu, additional, Motomura, Kazuko, additional, Moynier, Frédéric, additional, Nakai, Izumi, additional, Nagashima, Kazuhide, additional, Nguyen, Ann, additional, Nittler, Larry, additional, Onose, Morihiko, additional, Pack, Andreas, additional, Park, Changkun, additional, Piani, Laurette, additional, Qin, Liping, additional, Russell, Sara, additional, Sakamoto, Naoya, additional, Schönbächler, Maria, additional, Tafla, Lauren, additional, Tang, Haolan, additional, Terada, Kentaro, additional, Terada, Yasuko, additional, Usui, Tomohiro, additional, Wada, Sohei, additional, Wadhwa, Meenakshi, additional, Walker, Richard J., additional, Yamashita, Katsuyuki, additional, Yin, Qing‐Zhu, additional, Yoneda, Shigekazu, additional, Young, Edward D., additional, Yui, Hiroharu, additional, Zhang, Ai‐Cheng, additional, Nakamura, Tomoki, additional, Naraoka, Hiroshi, additional, Noguchi, Takaaki, additional, Okazaki, Ryuji, additional, Sakamoto, Kanako, additional, Yabuta, Hikaru, additional, Abe, Masanao, additional, Miyazaki, Akiko, additional, Nakato, Aiko, additional, Nishimura, Masahiro, additional, Okada, Tatsuaki, additional, Yada, Toru, additional, Yogata, Kasumi, additional, Nakazawa, Satoru, additional, Saiki, Takanao, additional, Tanaka, Satoshi, additional, Terui, Fuyuto, additional, Tsuda, Yuichi, additional, Watanabe, Sei‐ichiro, additional, Yoshikawa, Makoto, additional, Tachibana, Shogo, additional, and Yurimoto, Hisayoshi, additional

Published
2023
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47. Extreme 54Cr-rich nano-oxides in the CI chondrite Orgueil -Implication for a late supernova injection into the Solar System

Author

Qin, Liping, Nittler, Larry R., Alexander, Conel M. O'D., Wang, Jianhua, Stadermann, Frank J., and Carlson, Richard W.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Systematic variations in 54Cr/52Cr ratios between meteorite classes (Qin et al., 2010a; Trinquier et al., 2007) point to large scale spatial and/or temporal isotopic heterogeneity in the solar protoplanetary disk. Two explanations for these variations have been proposed, with important implications for the formation of the Solar System: heterogeneous seeding of the disk with dust from a supernova, or energetic-particle irradiation of dust in the disk. The key to differentiating between them is identification of the carrier(s) of the 54Cr anomalies. Here we report the results of our recent NanoSIMS imaging search for the 54Cr-rich carrier in the acid-resistant residue of the CI chondrite Orgueil. A total of 10 regions with extreme 54Cr-excesses ({\delta}54Cr values up to 1500 %) were found. Comparison between SEM, Auger and NanoSIMS analyses showed that these 54Cr-rich regions are associated with one or more sub-micron (typically less than 200 nm) Cr oxide grains, most likely spinels. Because the size of the NanoSIMS primary O- ion beam is larger than the typical grain size on the sample mount, the measured anomalies are lower limits, and we estimate that the actual 54Cr enrichments in three grains are at least 11 times Solar and in one of these may be as high as 50 times Solar. Such compositions strongly favor a Type II supernova origin. The variability in bulk 54Cr/52Cr between meteorite classes argues for a heterogeneous distribution of the 54Cr carrier in the solar protoplanetary disk following a late supernova injection event. Such a scenario is also supported by the O-isotopic distribution and variable abundances in different planetary materials of other presolar oxide and silicate grains from supernovae.

Published
2011
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48. Make Research Data Public? -- Not Always so Simple: A Dialogue for Statisticians and Science Editors

Author

Sedransk, Nell, Cox, Lawrence H., Nolan, Deborah, Soper, Keith, Spiegelman, Cliff, Young, Linda J., Kelner, Katrina L., Moffitt, Robert A., Thakar, Ani, Raddick, Jordan, Ungvarsky, Edward J., Carlson, Richard W., and Apweiler, Rolf

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology, Computer Science - Digital Libraries, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract

Putting data into the public domain is not the same thing as making those data accessible for intelligent analysis. A distinguished group of editors and experts who were already engaged in one way or another with the issues inherent in making research data public came together with statisticians to initiate a dialogue about policies and practicalities of requiring published research to be accompanied by publication of the research data. This dialogue carried beyond the broad issues of the advisability, the intellectual integrity, the scientific exigencies to the relevance of these issues to statistics as a discipline and the relevance of statistics, from inference to modeling to data exploration, to science and social science policies on these issues., Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-STS320 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)

Published
2010
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49. Social Science Performance Descriptors, Grades 6-12.

Author

Illinois State Board of Education, Springfield., Best, Tom, Bettis, Norman, Carlson, Richard, Dempsey, Joanne, Greene, Matt, Gunn, Will, Kahl, Colleen, McBride, Lawrence W., Miller, Arlan, Schrand, Jim, and Walk, Fr

Abstract

The Illinois Learning Standards are state content standards that describe what students should know and be able to achieve in grades K-12. The challenge for the 2000-2001 school year was to produce performance standards that would indicate how well students should perform to meet the state standards. The performance standards describe how well students perform at various points on an educational development continuum. The continuum shows how students can demonstrate mastery of progressively more difficult content and cognitive skills over 10 incremental stages of development. Performance within each stage can be assessed by the extent to which students are meeting the standards (starting, approaching, meeting, exceeding). Performance standards include four essential elements: (1) performance descriptors, (2) performance levels, (3) assessment tasks, and (4) performance examples. The performance standards supplement the Illinois Learning Standards by providing sufficient detail and examples to enable teachers to establish appropriate grade level performance expectations for students. The Illinois social science performance descriptors described in this booklet are for grades 6-12. The booklet contains five sections: (1) "Introduction" (Design for Performance Standards; Vision for Social Science Performance; Intended Use and Interpretation); (2) "Social Science Performance Descriptors"; (3) "Glossary"; (4) "Relationship of Performance Descriptors to National and State Standards"; and (5) "References" (n=12). (BT)

Published
2002

50. Social Science Performance Descriptors, Grades 1-5.

Author

Illinois State Board of Education, Springfield., Best, Tom, Bettis, Norman, Carlson, Richard, Dempsey, Joanne, Greene, Matt, Gunn, Will, Kahl, Colleen, McBride, Lawrence W., Miller, Arlan, Schrand, Jim, and Walk, Fr

Abstract

The Illinois Learning Standards are state content standards that describe what students should know and be able to achieve in grades K-12. The challenge for the 2000-2001 school year was to produce performance standards that would indicate how well students should perform to meet the state standards. The performance standards describe how well students perform at various points on an educational development continuum. The continuum shows how students can demonstrate mastery of progressively more difficult content and cognitive skills over 10 incremental stages of development. Performance within each stage can be assessed by the extent to which students are meeting the standards (starting, approaching, meeting, exceeding). Performance standards include four essential elements: (1) performance descriptors, (2) performance levels, (3) assessment tasks, and (4) performance examples. The performance standards supplement the Illinois Learning Standards by providing sufficient detail and examples to enable teachers to establish appropriate grade-level performance expectations for students. The Illinois social science performance descriptors described in this booklet are for grades 1-5. The booklet consists of five sections: (1) "Introduction" (Design for Performance Standards; Vision for Social Science Performance; Intended Use and Interpretation); (2) "Social Science Performance Descriptors"; (3) "Glossary"; (4) "Relationship of Performance Descriptors to National and State Standards"; and (5) "References" (n=13). (BT)

Published
2002

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