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2. Clinical and Immunological Features of SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Individuals Requiring Hospitalization

Author

Lamacchia, Giulia, Mazzoni, Alessio, Spinicci, Michele, Vanni, Anna, Salvati, Lorenzo, Peruzzi, Benedetta, Bencini, Sara, Capone, Manuela, Carnasciali, Alberto, Farahvachi, Parham, Rocca, Arianna, Kiros, Seble Tekle, Graziani, Lucia, Zammarchi, Lorenzo, Mencarini, Jessica, Colao, Maria Grazia, Caporale, Roberto, Liotta, Francesco, Cosmi, Lorenzo, Rossolini, Gian Maria, Bartoloni, Alessandro, Maggi, Laura, and Annunziato, Francesco

Published
2022
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5. SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination trigger long-lived B and [CD4.sup.+] T lymphocytes with implications for booster strategies

Author

Mazzoni, Alessio, Vanni, Anna, Spinicci, Michele, Lamacchia, Giulia, Kiros, Seble Tekle, Rocca, Arianna, Capone, Manuela, Lauria, Nicoletta Di, Salvati, Lorenzo, Carnasciali, Alberto, Mantengoli, Elisabetta, Farahvachi, Parham, Zammarchi, Lorenzo, Lagi, Filippo, Colao, Maria Grazia, Liotta, Francesco, Cosmi, Lorenzo, Maggi, Laura, Bartoloni, Alessandro, Rossolini, Gian Maria, and Annunziato, Francesco

Subjects
Immunologic memory -- Research, Immunological research, B cells -- Health aspects -- Physiological aspects, CD4 lymphocytes -- Health aspects -- Physiological aspects, Health care industry
Abstract

BACKGROUND. Immunization against SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, occurs via natural infection or vaccination. However, it is currently unknown how long infection- or vaccination-induced immunological memory will last. METHODS. We performed a longitudinal evaluation of immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 up to 1 year after infection and following mRNA vaccination in naive individuals and individuals recovered from COVID-19 infection. RESULTS. We found that memory cells are still detectable 8 months after vaccination, while antibody levels decline significantly, especially in naive individuals. We also found that a booster injection is efficacious in reactivating immunological memory to spike protein in naive individuals, whereas it was ineffective in previously SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals. Finally, we observed a similar kinetics of decay of humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 up to 1 year following natural infection in a cohort of unvaccinated individuals. CONCLUSION. Short-term persistence of humoral immunity, together with the reduced neutralization capacity versus the currently prevailing SARS-CoV-2 variants, may account for reinfections and breakthrough infections. Long-lived memory B and CD4* T cells may protect from severe disease development. In naive individuals, a booster dose restored optimal antispike immunity, whereas the needs for vaccinated individuals who have recovered from COVID-19 have yet to be defined. FUNDING. This study was supported by funds to the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence (Project Excellence Departments 2018-2022), the University of Florence (project RICTD2122), the Italian Ministry of Health (COVID-2020-12371849), and the region of Tuscany (TagSARS CoV 2)., Introduction Immunization against SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19 occurs via natural infection or vaccination. As of December 20, 2021, more than 273 million people have been infected worldwide, with [...]

Published
2022
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6. Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Reduce Astrocyte Reactivity to Inflammation and Ameliorate Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis [Dataset]

Author

Ballerini, Clara [clara.ballerini@unifi.it], Cellot, Giada [cellot@sissa.it], Ballerini, Laura [laura.ballerini@sissa.it], Di Mauro, Giuseppe, Amoriello, Roberta, Lozano, Neus, Carnasciali, Alberto, Guasti, Daniele, Becucci, Maurizio, Cellot, Giada, Kostarelos, Kostas, Ballerini, Clara, Ballerini, Laura, Ballerini, Clara [clara.ballerini@unifi.it], Cellot, Giada [cellot@sissa.it], Ballerini, Laura [laura.ballerini@sissa.it], Di Mauro, Giuseppe, Amoriello, Roberta, Lozano, Neus, Carnasciali, Alberto, Guasti, Daniele, Becucci, Maurizio, Cellot, Giada, Kostarelos, Kostas, Ballerini, Clara, and Ballerini, Laura

Abstract

In neuroinflammation, astrocytes play multifaceted roles that regulate the neuronal environment. Astrocytes sense and respond to pro-inflammatory cytokines (CKs) and, by a repertoire of intracellular Ca2+ signaling, contribute to disease progression. Therapeutic approaches wish to reduce the overactivation in Ca2+ signaling in inflammatory-reactive astrocytes to restore dysregulated cellular changes. Cell-targeting therapeutics might take advantage by the use of nanomaterial-multifunctional platforms such as graphene oxide (GO). GO biomedical applications in the nervous system involve therapeutic delivery and sensing, and GO flakes were shown to enable interfacing of neuronal and glial membrane dynamics. We exploit organotypic spinal cord cultures and optical imaging to explore Ca2+ changes in astrocytes, and we report, when spinal tissue is exposed to CKs, neuroinflammatory-associated modulation of resident glia. We show the efficacy of GO to revert these dynamic changes in astrocytic reactivity to CKs, and we translate this potential in an animal model of immune-mediated neuroinflammatory disease.

Published
2023

7. Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Reduce Astrocyte Reactivity to Inflammation and Ameliorate Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Author

European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Lozano, Neus [0000-0002-9026-1743], Cellot, Giada [0000-0001-9198-8402], Kostarelos, Kostas [0000-0002-2224-6672], Ballerini, Laura [0000-0001-8420-0787], Di Mauro, Giuseppe, Amoriello, Roberta, Lozano, Neus, Carnasciali, Alberto, Guasti, Daniele, Becucci, Maurizio, Cellot, Giada, Kostarelos, Kostas, Ballerini, Clara, Ballerini, Laura, European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Lozano, Neus [0000-0002-9026-1743], Cellot, Giada [0000-0001-9198-8402], Kostarelos, Kostas [0000-0002-2224-6672], Ballerini, Laura [0000-0001-8420-0787], Di Mauro, Giuseppe, Amoriello, Roberta, Lozano, Neus, Carnasciali, Alberto, Guasti, Daniele, Becucci, Maurizio, Cellot, Giada, Kostarelos, Kostas, Ballerini, Clara, and Ballerini, Laura

Abstract

In neuroinflammation, astrocytes play multifaceted roles that regulate the neuronal environment. Astrocytes sense and respond to pro-inflammatory cytokines (CKs) and, by a repertoire of intracellular Ca2+ signaling, contribute to disease progression. Therapeutic approaches wish to reduce the overactivation in Ca2+ signaling in inflammatory-reactive astrocytes to restore dysregulated cellular changes. Cell-targeting therapeutics might take advantage by the use of nanomaterial-multifunctional platforms such as graphene oxide (GO). GO biomedical applications in the nervous system involve therapeutic delivery and sensing, and GO flakes were shown to enable interfacing of neuronal and glial membrane dynamics. We exploit organotypic spinal cord cultures and optical imaging to explore Ca2+ changes in astrocytes, and we report, when spinal tissue is exposed to CKs, neuroinflammatory-associated modulation of resident glia. We show the efficacy of GO to revert these dynamic changes in astrocytic reactivity to CKs, and we translate this potential in an animal model of immune-mediated neuroinflammatory disease.

Published
2023

8. Clonally expanded PD‐1‐expressing T cells are enriched in synovial fluid of juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients

Author

Vanni, Anna, primary, Mazzoni, Alessio, additional, Semeraro, Roberto, additional, Capone, Manuela, additional, Maschmeyer, Patrick, additional, Lamacchia, Giulia, additional, Salvati, Lorenzo, additional, Carnasciali, Alberto, additional, Farahvachi, Parham, additional, Giani, Teresa, additional, Simonini, Gabriele, additional, Filocamo, Giovanni, additional, Romano, Micol, additional, Liotta, Francesco, additional, Mashreghi, Mir‐Farzin, additional, Cosmi, Lorenzo, additional, Cimaz, Rolando, additional, Magi, Alberto, additional, Maggi, Laura, additional, and Annunziato, Francesco, additional

Published
2023
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10. Fourth Dose of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Transiently Reactivates Spike-Specific Immunological Memory in People Living with HIV (PLWH)

Author

Lamacchia, Giulia, primary, Salvati, Lorenzo, additional, Kiros, Seble Tekle, additional, Mazzoni, Alessio, additional, Vanni, Anna, additional, Capone, Manuela, additional, Carnasciali, Alberto, additional, Farahvachi, Parham, additional, Lagi, Filippo, additional, Di Lauria, Nicoletta, additional, Rocca, Arianna, additional, Colao, Maria Grazia, additional, Liotta, Francesco, additional, Cosmi, Lorenzo, additional, Rossolini, Gian Maria, additional, Bartoloni, Alessandro, additional, Maggi, Laura, additional, and Annunziato, Francesco, additional

Published
2022
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11. Investigating Serum sHLA-G Cooperation With MRI Activity and Disease-Modifying Treatment Outcome in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Author

Amoriello, Roberta, primary, Rizzo, Roberta, additional, Mariottini, Alice, additional, Bortolotti, Daria, additional, Gentili, Valentina, additional, Bonechi, Elena, additional, Aldinucci, Alessandra, additional, Carnasciali, Alberto, additional, Peruzzi, Benedetta, additional, Repice, Anna Maria, additional, Massacesi, Luca, additional, Fainardi, Enrico, additional, and Ballerini, Clara, additional

Published
2022
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12. Clinical and immunological features of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals requiring hospitalization

Author

Lamacchia, Giulia, primary, Mazzoni, Alessio, additional, Spinicci, Michele, additional, Vanni, Anna, additional, Salvati, Lorenzo, additional, Peruzzi, Benedetta, additional, Bencini, Sara, additional, Capone, Manuela, additional, Carnasciali, Alberto, additional, Farahvachi, Parham, additional, Rocca, Arianna, additional, Kiros, Seble Tekle, additional, Graziani, Lucia, additional, Zammarchi, Lorenzo, additional, Mencarini, Jessica, additional, Colao, Maria Grazia, additional, Caporale, Roberto, additional, Liotta, Francesco, additional, Cosmi, Lorenzo, additional, Rossolini, Gian Maria, additional, Bartoloni, Alessandro, additional, Maggi, Laura, additional, and Annunziato, Francesco, additional

Published
2022
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13. SARS-CoV-2 Spike-Specific CD4+ T Cell Response Is Conserved Against Variants of Concern, Including Omicron

Author

Mazzoni, Alessio, primary, Vanni, Anna, additional, Spinicci, Michele, additional, Capone, Manuela, additional, Lamacchia, Giulia, additional, Salvati, Lorenzo, additional, Coppi, Marco, additional, Antonelli, Alberto, additional, Carnasciali, Alberto, additional, Farahvachi, Parham, additional, Giovacchini, Nicla, additional, Aiezza, Noemi, additional, Malentacchi, Francesca, additional, Zammarchi, Lorenzo, additional, Liotta, Francesco, additional, Rossolini, Gian Maria, additional, Bartoloni, Alessandro, additional, Cosmi, Lorenzo, additional, Maggi, Laura, additional, and Annunziato, Francesco, additional

Published
2022
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14. Long-lasting cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following infection or vaccination and implications for booster strategies

Author

Mazzoni, Alessio, primary, Vanni, Anna, additional, Spinicci, Michele, additional, Lamacchia, Giulia, additional, Kiros, Seble Tekle, additional, Rocca, Arianna, additional, Capone, Manuela, additional, Di Lauria, Nicoletta, additional, Salvati, Lorenzo, additional, Carnasciali, Alberto, additional, Mantengoli, Elisabetta, additional, Farahvachi, Parham, additional, Zammarchi, Lorenzo, additional, Lagi, Filippo, additional, Colao, Maria Grazia, additional, Liotta, Francesco, additional, Cosmi, Lorenzo, additional, Maggi, Laura, additional, Bartoloni, Alessandro, additional, Rossolini, Gian Maria, additional, and Annunziato, Francesco, additional

Published
2021
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15. T Cell Delivery of Nanoparticles-Bound Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody: Successful B Cell Depletion in the Spinal Cord during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Author

Carnasciali, Alberto, primary, Amoriello, Roberta, additional, Bonechi, Elena, additional, Mazzoni, Alessio, additional, Ravagli, Costanza, additional, Doumett, Saer, additional, Cappiello, Laura, additional, D’Elios, Mario Milco, additional, Baldi, Giovanni, additional, and Ballerini, Clara, additional

Published
2020
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16. The TCR Repertoire Reconstitution in Multiple Sclerosis: Comparing One-Shot and Continuous Immunosuppressive Therapies

Author

Amoriello, Roberta, primary, Greiff, Victor, additional, Aldinucci, Alessandra, additional, Bonechi, Elena, additional, Carnasciali, Alberto, additional, Peruzzi, Benedetta, additional, Repice, Anna Maria, additional, Mariottini, Alice, additional, Saccardi, Riccardo, additional, Mazzanti, Benedetta, additional, Massacesi, Luca, additional, and Ballerini, Clara, additional

Published
2020
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