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1. Periodic Gamma-ray Modulation of the blazar PG 1553+113 Confirmed by Fermi-LAT and Multi-wavelength Observations

Author

Abdollahi, S., Baldini, L., Barbiellini, G., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bonino, R., Bruel, P., Buson, S., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casaburo, F., Cavazzuti, E., Cheung, C. C., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Cozzolongo, G., Orestano, P. Cristarella, Cutini, S., D'Ammando, F., Di Lalla, N., Dirirsa, F., Di Venere, L., Domínguez, A., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Fiori, A., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Garrappa, S., Gasparrini, D., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Green, D., Grenier, I. A., Guiriec, S., Hays, E., Horan, D., Kuss, M., Larsson, S., Laurenti, M., Li, J., Liodakis, I., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Maldera, S., Malyshev, D., Manfreda, A., Marcotulli, L., Martí-Devesa, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mereu, I., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Negro, M., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Perri, M., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Porter, T. A., Principe, G., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Rani, B., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scotton, L., Serini, D., Sesana, A., Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M. N., Tak, D., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Torres, D. F., Valverde, J., Verrecchia, F., and Zaharijas, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

A 2.1-year periodic oscillation of the gamma-ray flux from the blazar PG 1553+113 has previously been tentatively identified in almost 7 year of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope. After 15 years of Fermi sky-survey observations, doubling the total time range, we report >7 cycle gamma-ray modulation with an estimated significance of 4 sigma against stochastic red noise. Independent determinations of oscillation period and phase in the earlier and the new data are in close agreement (chance probability <0.01). Pulse timing over the full light curve is also consistent with a coherent periodicity. Multiwavelength new data from Swift X-Ray Telescope, Burst Alert Telescope, and UVOT, and from KAIT, Catalina Sky Survey, All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae, and Owens Valley Radio Observatory ground-based observatories as well as archival Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer satellite-All Sky Monitor data, published optical data of Tuorla, and optical historical Harvard plates data are included in our work. Optical and radio light curves show clear correlations with the gamma-ray modulation, possibly with a nonconstant time lag for the radio flux. We interpret the gamma-ray periodicity as possibly arising from a pulsational accretion flow in a sub-parsec binary supermassive black hole system of elevated mass ratio, with orbital modulation of the supplied material and energy in the jet. Other astrophysical scenarios introduced include instabilities, disk and jet precession, rotation or nutation, and perturbations by massive stars or intermediate-mass black holes in polar orbit., Comment: 23 pages, 14 figures, 20 plots, 1 table, accepted and published by The Astrophysical Journal. Article produced by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) Collaboration

Published
2025
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2. First direct measurement of the 64.5 keV resonance strength in $^{17}$O(p,$\gamma$)$^{18}$F reaction

Author

Gesuè, R. M., Ciani, G. F., Piatti, D., Boeltzig, A., Rapagnani, D., Aliotta, M., Ananna, C., Barbieri, L., Barile, F., Bemmerer, D., Best, A., Broggini, C., Bruno, C. G., Caciolli, A., Campostrini, M., Casaburo, F., Cavanna, F., Colombetti, P., Compagnucci, A., Corvisiero, P., Csedreki, L., Davinson, T., De Gregorio, G. M., Dell'Aquila, D., Depalo, R., Di Leva, A., Elekes, Z., Ferraro, F., Formicola, A., Fülöp, Zs., Gervino, G., Guglielmetti, A., Gustavino, C., Gyürky, Gy., Imbriani, G., Junker, M., Lugaro, M., Marigo, P., Marsh, J., Masha, E., Menegazzo, R., Mercogliano, D., Paticchio, V., Perrino, R., Prati, P., Rigato, V., Robb, D., Schiavulli, L., Sidhu, R. S., Skowronski, J., Straniero, O., Szücs, T., and Zavatarelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The CNO cycle is one of the most important nuclear energy sources in stars. At temperatures of hydrostatic H-burning (20 MK $<$ T $<$ 80 MK) the $^{17}$O(p,$\gamma$)$^{18}$F reaction rate is dominated by the poorly constrained 64.5~keV resonance. Here we report on the first direct measurements of its resonance strength and of the direct capture contribution at 142 keV, performed with a new high sensitivity setup at LUNA. The present resonance strength of $\omega\gamma_{(p, \gamma)}$\textsuperscript{bare} = (30 $\pm$ 6\textsubscript{stat} $\pm$ 2\textsubscript{syst})~peV is about a factor of 2 higher than the values in literature, leading to a $\Gamma$\textsubscript{p}\textsuperscript{bare} = (34 $\pm$ 7\textsubscript{stat} $\pm$ 3\textsubscript{syst})~neV, in agreement with LUNA result from the (p,$\alpha$) channel. Such agreement strengthen our understanding of the oxygen isotopic ratios measured in red giant stars and in O-rich presolar grains.

Published
2024
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3. Interim report for the International Muon Collider Collaboration (IMCC)

Author

Accettura, C., Adrian, S., Agarwal, R., Ahdida, C., Aimé, C., Aksoy, A., Alberghi, G. L., Alden, S., Amapane, N., Amorim, D., Andreetto, P., Anulli, F., Appleby, R., Apresyan, A., Asadi, P., Mahmoud, M. Attia, Auchmann, B., Back, J., Badea, A., Bae, K. J., Bahng, E. J., Balconi, L., Balli, F., Bandiera, L., Barbagallo, C., Barlow, R., Bartoli, C., Bartosik, N., Barzi, E., Batsch, F., Bauce, M., Begel, M., Berg, J. S., Bersani, A., Bertarelli, A., Bertinelli, F., Bertolin, A., Bhat, P., Bianchi, C., Bianco, M., Bishop, W., Black, K., Boattini, F., Bogacz, A., Bonesini, M., Bordini, B., de Sousa, P. Borges, Bottaro, S., Bottura, L., Boyd, S., Breschi, M., Broggi, F., Brunoldi, M., Buffat, X., Buonincontri, L., Burrows, P. N., Burt, G. C., Buttazzo, D., Caiffi, B., Calatroni, S., Calviani, M., Calzaferri, S., Calzolari, D., Cantone, C., Capdevilla, R., Carli, C., Carrelli, C., Casaburo, F., Casarsa, M., Castelli, L., Catanesi, M. G., Cavallucci, L., Cavoto, G., Celiberto, F. G., Celona, L., Cemmi, A., Ceravolo, S., Cerri, A., Cerutti, F., Cesarini, G., Cesarotti, C., Chancé, A., Charitonidis, N., Chiesa, M., Chiggiato, P., Ciccarella, V. L., Puviani, P. Cioli, Colaleo, A., Colao, F., Collamati, F., Costa, M., Craig, N., Curtin, D., D'Angelo, L., Da Molin, G., Damerau, H., Dasu, S., de Blas, J., De Curtis, S., De Gersem, H., Del Moro, T., Delahaye, J. -P., Denisov, D., Denizli, H., Dermisek, R., Valdor, P. Desiré, Desponds, C., Di Luzio, L., Di Meco, E., Di Petrillo, K. F., Di Sarcina, I., Diociaiuti, E., Dorigo, T., Dreimanis, K., Pree, T. du, Edgecock, T., Fabbri, S., Fabbrichesi, M., Farinon, S., Ferrand, G., Somoza, J. A. Ferreira, Fieg, M., Filthaut, F., Fox, P., Franceschini, R., Ximenes, R. Franqueira, Gallinaro, M., Garcia-Sciveres, M., Garcia-Tabares, L., Gargiulo, R., Garion, C., Garzelli, M. V., Gast, M., Gerber, C. E., Giambastiani, L., Gianelle, A., Gianfelice-Wendt, E., Gibson, S., Gilardoni, S., Giove, D. A., Giovinco, V., Giraldin, C., Glioti, A., Gorzawski, A., Greco, M., Grojean, C., Grudiev, A., Gschwendtner, E., Gueli, E., Guilhaudin, N., Han, C., Han, T., Hauptman, J. M., Herndon, M., Hillier, A. D., Hillman, M., Holmes, T. R., Homiller, S., Jana, S., Jindariani, S., Johannesson, S., Johnson, B., Jones, O. R., Jurj, P. -B., Kahn, Y., Kamath, R., Kario, A., Karpov, I., Kelliher, D., Kilian, W., Kitano, R., Kling, F., Kolehmainen, A., Kong, K. C., Kosse, J., Krintiras, G., Krizka, K., Kumar, N., Kvikne, E., Kyle, R., Laface, E., Lane, K., Latina, A., Lechner, A., Lee, J., Lee, L., Lee, S. W., Lefevre, T., Leonardi, E., Lerner, G., Li, P., Li, Q., Li, T., Li, W., Voti, R. Li, Lindroos, M., Lipton, R., Liu, D., Liu, M., Liu, Z., Lombardi, A., Lomte, S., Long, K., Longo, L., Lorenzo, J., Losito, R., Low, I., Lu, X., Lucchesi, D., Luo, T., Lupato, A., Métral, E., Mękała, K., Ma, Y., Mańczak, J. M., Machida, S., Madlener, T., Magaletti, L., Maggi, M., Durand, H. Mainaud, Maltoni, F., Mandurrino, M., Marchand, C., Mariani, F., Marin, S., Mariotto, S., Martin-Haugh, S., Masullo, M. R., Mauro, G. S., Mazzolari, A., Mele, B., Meloni, F., Meng, X., Mentink, M., Miceli, R., Milas, N., Mohammadi, A., Moll, D., Montella, A., Morandin, M., Morrone, M., Mulder, T., Musenich, R., Nardecchia, M., Nardi, F., Neuffer, D., Newbold, D., Novelli, D., Olvegård, M., Onel, Y., Orestano, D., Osborne, J., Otten, S., Torres, Y. M. Oviedo, Paesani, D., Griso, S. Pagan, Pagani, D., Pal, K., Palmer, M., Pampaloni, A., Panci, P., Pani, P., Papaphilippou, Y., Paparella, R., Paradisi, P., Passeri, A., Pastrone, N., Pellecchia, A., Piccinini, F., Piekarz, H., Pieloni, T., Plouin, J., Portone, A., Potamianos, K., Potdevin, J., Prestemon, S., Puig, T., Qiang, J., Quettier, L., Rabemananjara, T. R., Radicioni, E., Radogna, R., Rago, I. C., Ratkus, A., Resseguie, E., Reuter, J., Ribani, P. L., Riccardi, C., Ricciardi, S., Robens, T., Robert, Y., Roger, C., Rojo, J., Romagnoni, M., Ronald, K., Rosser, B., Rossi, C., Rossi, L., Rozanov, L., Ruhdorfer, M., Ruiz, R., Queiroz, F. S., Saini, S., Sala, F., Salierno, C., Salmi, T., Salvini, P., Salvioni, E., Sammut, N., Santini, C., Saputi, A., Sarra, I., Scarantino, G., Schneider-Muntau, H., Schulte, D., Scifo, J., Sen, T., Senatore, C., Senol, A., Sertore, D., Sestini, L., Rêgo, R. C. Silva, Simone, F. M., Skoufaris, K., Sorbello, G., Sorbi, M., Sorti, S., Soubirou, L., Spataro, D., Stamerra, A., Stapnes, S., Stark, G., Statera, M., Stechauner, B. M., Su, S., Su, W., Sun, X., Sytov, A., Tang, J., Taylor, R., Kate, H. Ten, Testoni, P., Thiele, L. S., Garcia, R. Tomas, Mugglestone, M. Topp, Torims, T., Torre, R., Tortora, L. T., Trifinopoulos, S., Udongwo, S. -A., Vai, I., Valente, R. U., van Rienen, U., van Weelderen, R., Vanwelde, M., Velev, G., Venditti, R., Vendrasco, A., Verna, A., Verweij, A., Verwilligen, P., Villamzar, Y., Vittorio, L., Vitulo, P., Vojskovic, I., Wang, D., Wang, L. -T., Wang, X., Wendt, M., Widorski, M., Wozniak, M., Wu, Y., Wulzer, A., Xie, K., Yang, Y., Yap, Y. C., Yonehara, K., Yoo, H. D., You, Z., Zanetti, M., Zaza, A., Zhang, L., Zhu, R., Zlobin, A., Zuliani, D., and Zurita, J. F.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The International Muon Collider Collaboration (IMCC) [1] was established in 2020 following the recommendations of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) and the implementation of the European Strategy for Particle Physics-Accelerator R&D Roadmap by the Laboratory Directors Group [2], hereinafter referred to as the the European LDG roadmap. The Muon Collider Study (MuC) covers the accelerator complex, detectors and physics for a future muon collider. In 2023, European Commission support was obtained for a design study of a muon collider (MuCol) [3]. This project started on 1st March 2023, with work-packages aligned with the overall muon collider studies. In preparation of and during the 2021-22 U.S. Snowmass process, the muon collider project parameters, technical studies and physics performance studies were performed and presented in great detail. Recently, the P5 panel [4] in the U.S. recommended a muon collider R&D, proposed to join the IMCC and envisages that the U.S. should prepare to host a muon collider, calling this their "muon shot". In the past, the U.S. Muon Accelerator Programme (MAP) [5] has been instrumental in studies of concepts and technologies for a muon collider., Comment: This document summarises the International Muon Collider Collaboration (IMCC) progress and status of the Muon Collider R&D programme

Published
2024

4. First measurement of the low-energy direct capture in 20Ne(p, {\gamma})21Na and improved energy and strength of the Ecm = 368 keV resonance

Author

Masha, E., Barbieri, L., Skowronski, J., Aliotta, M., Ananna, C., Barile, F., Bemmerer, D., Best, A., Boeltzig, A., Broggini, C., Bruno, C. G., Caciolli, A., Campostrini, M., Casaburo, F., Cavanna, F., Ciani, G. F., Ciapponi, A., Colombetti, P., Compagnucci, A., Corvisiero, P., Csedreki, L., Davinson, T., Depalo, R., Di Leva, A., Elekes, Z., Ferraro, F., Fiore, E. M., Formicola, A., Fülöp, Zs., Gervino, G., Guglielmetti, A., Gustavino, C., Gyürky, Gy., Imbriani, G., José, J., Junker, M., Lugaro, M., Manoj, P., Marigo, P., Menegazzo, R., Paticchio, V., Piatti, D., Prati, P., Rapagnani, D., Rigato, V., Robb, D., Schiavulli, L., Sidhu, R. S., Straniero, O., Szücs, T., and Zavatarelli, S.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

The $\mathrm{^{20}Ne(p, \gamma)^{21}Na}$ reaction is the slowest in the NeNa cycle and directly affects the abundances of the Ne and Na isotopes in a variety of astrophysical sites. Here we report the measurement of its direct capture contribution, for the first time below $E\rm_{cm} = 352$~keV, and of the contribution from the $E^{\rm }_{cm} = 368$~keV resonance, which dominates the reaction rate at $T=0.03-1.00$~GK. The experiment was performed deep underground at the Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics, using a high-intensity proton beam and a windowless neon gas target. Prompt $\gamma$ rays from the reaction were detected with two high-purity germanium detectors. We obtain a resonance strength $\omega \gamma~=~(0.112 \pm 0.002_{\rm stat}~\pm~0.005_{\rm sys})$~meV, with an uncertainty a factor of $3$ smaller than previous values. Our revised reaction rate is 20\% lower than previously adopted at $T < 0.1$~GK and agrees with previous estimates at temperatures $T \geq 0.1$~GK. Initial astrophysical implications are presented., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted to PRC (letter)

Published
2023

5. Measurement of the cosmic ray flux by an ArduSiPM-based muon telescope in the framework of the Lab2Go project

Author

Agostini, V., Arcese, B., Ascani, N., Astone, P., Bocci, V., Caperna, S., Casaburo, F., Cerica, A., D'Auria, C., De Bonis, G., Deda, D., Di Mauro, F., Di Vico, A., Faccini, R., Frasca, L., Galuppi, G., Giovannetti, G., Iacoangeli, F., Ludovici, G., Martone, L., Marucci, B., Mizzoni, L., Moriconi, A., Organtini, G., Piacentini, F., Pietrobono, A., Pongelli, F., Severa, F., and Vona, D.

Subjects
Physics - Physics Education
Abstract

Whitin Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) outreach activities, the Lab2Go project is of great significance. Its goal is involving high school teachers and students in several laboratory activities, aiming at increasing the weight of experimental contents in teaching and learning. In this article we present the measurement, carried out in the framework of the Lab2Go project, of the cosmic muon flux made by an ArduSiPM-based muon telescope.

Published
2023

6. Measurement of fundamental physical quantities in the framework of the Lab2Go project

Author

Casaburo, F., Marcelli, N., Sorbara, M., Agostinelli, M., Astone, P., Baldassarre, F., Brunori, F., Crisci, S., De Bonis, G., De Lucia, X., De Pedis, D., De Valeri, G., Di Sciascio, G., Faccini, R., Falato, J., Fraietta, V., Gatto, C., Guadagnini, S., Oliviero, V., Organtini, G., Passamonti, V., Piacentini, F., Ruggiero, N., Salerno, M., Sarti, S., and Tedesco, L.

Subjects
Physics - Physics Education
Abstract

To establish a closer contact between school and experimental sciences, Sapienza Universit\`a di Roma and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) launched the Lab2Go project. Lab2Go has the goal of spreading laboratory practice among students and teachers in high schools. In this article, it is presented a measurement, carried out in the framework of the Lab2Go project, of the ratio hc/e where h, c and e are respectively the Planck constant, the speed of light in the vacuum, and the electric charge.

Published
2022

7. Muon detection in electron-positron annihilation for muon collider studies

Author

Amapane, N., Antonelli, M., Anulli, F., Ballerini, G., Bandiera, L., Bartosik, N., Bauce, M., Bertolin, A., Biino, C., Garcia, O. R. Blanco, Boscolo, M., Brizzolari, C., Cappati, A., Casaburo, F., Casarsa, M., Cavoto, G., Cesarini, G., Collamati, F., Cotto, G., Curatolo, C., Di Nardo, R., Gonella, F., Hoh, S., Iafrati, M., Iacoangeli, F., Kiani, B., Voti, R. Li, Lucchesi, D., Mascagna, V., Paccagnella, A., Pastrone, N., Pazzini, J., Pelliccioni, M., Ponzio, B., Prest, M., Ricci, M., Rosati, S., Rossin, R., Rotondo, M., Planell, O. Sans, Sestini, L., Soldani, M., Triossi, A., Vallazza, E., Ventura, S., and Zanetti, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The investigation of the energy frontier in physics requires novel concepts for future colliders. The idea of a muon collider is very appealing since it would allow to study particle collisions at up to tens of TeV energy, while offering a cleaner experimental environment with respect to hadronic colliders. One key element in the muon collider design is the low-emittance muon production. Recently,the Low EMittance Muon Accelerator (LEMMA) collaboration has explored the muon pair production close to its kinematic threshold by annihilating 45 GeV positrons with electrons in a low Z material target. In this configuration, muons are emerging from the target with a naturally low-emittance. In this paper we describe the performance of a system, to study this production mechanism, that consists in several segmented absorbers with alternating active layers composed of fast Cherenkov detectors together with a muon identification technique based on this detector. Passive layers were made of tungsten. We collected data corresponding to muon and electron beams produced at the H2 line in the North Area of the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in September 2018.

Published
2021
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8. Detectors and Shieldings: Past and Future at LUNA

Author

(0000-0003-2513-7348) Ananna, C., (0009-0001-0213-7137) Barbieri, L., (0000-0002-7209-2499) Boeltzig, A., (0000-0001-8902-6618) Campostrini, M., (0000-0002-2260-9322) Casaburo, F., (0000-0002-6577-4483) Compagnucci, A., (0000-0001-8169-3360) Csedreki, L., (0000-0001-6620-6202) Gesue, R. M., (0009-0003-3389-1057) Marsh, J., (0009-0002-7265-8023) Mercogliano, D., (0000-0002-5405-2506) Piatti, D., (0009-0002-1235-7480) Robb, D., (0000-0002-1637-7502) Sidhu, R. S., (0000-0001-7292-6353) Skowronski, J., (0000-0003-2513-7348) Ananna, C., (0009-0001-0213-7137) Barbieri, L., (0000-0002-7209-2499) Boeltzig, A., (0000-0001-8902-6618) Campostrini, M., (0000-0002-2260-9322) Casaburo, F., (0000-0002-6577-4483) Compagnucci, A., (0000-0001-8169-3360) Csedreki, L., (0000-0001-6620-6202) Gesue, R. M., (0009-0003-3389-1057) Marsh, J., (0009-0002-7265-8023) Mercogliano, D., (0000-0002-5405-2506) Piatti, D., (0009-0002-1235-7480) Robb, D., (0000-0002-1637-7502) Sidhu, R. S., and (0000-0001-7292-6353) Skowronski, J.

Abstract

Nuclear reactions are responsible for the chemical evolution of stars, galaxies and the Universe. Unfortunately, at temperatures of interest for nuclear astrophysics, the cross-sections of the thermonuclear reactions are in the pico- to femto-barn range and thus measuring them in the laboratory is extremely challenging. In this framework, major steps forward were made with the advent of underground nuclear astrophysics, pioneered by the Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics (LUNA). The cosmic background reduction by several orders of magnitude obtained at LUNA, however, needs to be combined with high-performance detectors and dedicated shieldings to obtain the required sensitivity. In the present paper, we report on the recent and future detector-shielding designs at LUNA.

Published
2024

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Author

(0000-0001-8169-3360) Csedreki, L., (0000-0003-3779-6463) Gyürky, G., (0000-0001-8183-0994) Rapagnani, D., (0000-0002-1772-9872) Ciani, G. F., (0000-0002-3136-9324) Aliotta, M., (0000-0003-2513-7348) Ananna, C., (0009-0001-0213-7137) Barbieri, L., (0000-0003-2088-1290) Barile, F., (0000-0003-0470-8367) Bemmerer, D., (0000-0001-8869-9757) Best, A., (0000-0002-7209-2499) Boeltzig, A., (0000-0001-8512-0308) Broggini, C., (0000-0003-3241-3371) Bruno, C. G., (0000-0003-4673-714X) Caciolli, A., (0000-0002-2260-9322) Casaburo, F., (0000-0002-2548-4764) Cavanna, F., (0000-0002-9944-1265) Colombetti, P., (0000-0002-6577-4483) Compagnucci, A., (0000-0002-5920-7271) Corvisiero, P., (0000-0002-8769-6893) Davinson, T., (0000-0003-3943-7982) Depalo, R., (0000-0002-8762-0522) Di Leva, A., (0000-0003-0571-8719) Elekes, Z., (0000-0002-2031-7879) Ferraro, F., (0000-0002-0152-5744) Formicola, A., (0000-0001-8496-1586) Fülöp, Z., (0000-0002-4398-6960) Gervino, G., (0000-0002-6008-1629) Guglielmetti, A., (0000-0003-3232-7027) Gustavino, C., (0000-0002-7037-6770) Imbriani, G., (0000-0003-2609-2698) Junker, M., (0000-0002-6972-3958) Lugaro, M., (0000-0002-9137-0773) Marigo, P., (0009-0003-3389-1057) Marsh, J., (0000-0002-6532-4255) Masha, E., (0000-0002-3060-5276) Menegazzo, R., (0000-0002-2916-1671) Paticchio, V., (0000-0002-5764-7337) Perrino, R., (0000-0002-5405-2506) Piatti, D., (0000-0002-8097-9460) Prati, P., (0009-0002-1235-7480) Robb, D., (0000-0003-0871-3585) Schiavulli, L., (0000-0002-1637-7502) Sidhu, R. S., (0000-0001-7292-6353) Skowronski, J., (0000-0002-5514-6125) Straniero, O., (0000-0002-9980-4847) Szücs, T., (0000-0002-5722-8896) Zavatarelli, S., (0000-0001-8169-3360) Csedreki, L., (0000-0003-3779-6463) Gyürky, G., (0000-0001-8183-0994) Rapagnani, D., (0000-0002-1772-9872) Ciani, G. F., (0000-0002-3136-9324) Aliotta, M., (0000-0003-2513-7348) Ananna, C., (0009-0001-0213-7137) Barbieri, L., (0000-0003-2088-1290) Barile, F., (0000-0003-0470-8367) Bemmerer, D., (0000-0001-8869-9757) Best, A., (0000-0002-7209-2499) Boeltzig, A., (0000-0001-8512-0308) Broggini, C., (0000-0003-3241-3371) Bruno, C. G., (0000-0003-4673-714X) Caciolli, A., (0000-0002-2260-9322) Casaburo, F., (0000-0002-2548-4764) Cavanna, F., (0000-0002-9944-1265) Colombetti, P., (0000-0002-6577-4483) Compagnucci, A., (0000-0002-5920-7271) Corvisiero, P., (0000-0002-8769-6893) Davinson, T., (0000-0003-3943-7982) Depalo, R., (0000-0002-8762-0522) Di Leva, A., (0000-0003-0571-8719) Elekes, Z., (0000-0002-2031-7879) Ferraro, F., (0000-0002-0152-5744) Formicola, A., (0000-0001-8496-1586) Fülöp, Z., (0000-0002-4398-6960) Gervino, G., (0000-0002-6008-1629) Guglielmetti, A., (0000-0003-3232-7027) Gustavino, C., (0000-0002-7037-6770) Imbriani, G., (0000-0003-2609-2698) Junker, M., (0000-0002-6972-3958) Lugaro, M., (0000-0002-9137-0773) Marigo, P., (0009-0003-3389-1057) Marsh, J., (0000-0002-6532-4255) Masha, E., (0000-0002-3060-5276) Menegazzo, R., (0000-0002-2916-1671) Paticchio, V., (0000-0002-5764-7337) Perrino, R., (0000-0002-5405-2506) Piatti, D., (0000-0002-8097-9460) Prati, P., (0009-0002-1235-7480) Robb, D., (0000-0003-0871-3585) Schiavulli, L., (0000-0002-1637-7502) Sidhu, R. S., (0000-0001-7292-6353) Skowronski, J., (0000-0002-5514-6125) Straniero, O., (0000-0002-9980-4847) Szücs, T., and (0000-0002-5722-8896) Zavatarelli, S.

Published
2024

10. Recent results and future perspectives with solid targets at LUNA

Author

(0000-0003-2513-7348) Ananna, C., (0009-0001-0213-7137) Barbieri, L., (0000-0002-7209-2499) Boeltzig, A., (0000-0001-8902-6618) Campostrini, M., (0000-0002-2260-9322) Casaburo, F., (0000-0002-1772-9872) Francesco Ciani, G., (0000-0002-6577-4483) Compagnucci, A., (0000-0001-6620-6202) Maria Gesuè, R., (0009-0003-3389-1057) Marsh, J., (0000-0002-6532-4255) Masha, E., (0009-0002-7265-8023) Mercogliano, D., (0000-0001-8183-0994) Rapagnani, D., (0009-0002-1235-7480) Robb, D., (0000-0002-1637-7502) Singh Sidhu, R., (0000-0001-7292-6353) Skowronski, J., (0000-0003-2513-7348) Ananna, C., (0009-0001-0213-7137) Barbieri, L., (0000-0002-7209-2499) Boeltzig, A., (0000-0001-8902-6618) Campostrini, M., (0000-0002-2260-9322) Casaburo, F., (0000-0002-1772-9872) Francesco Ciani, G., (0000-0002-6577-4483) Compagnucci, A., (0000-0001-6620-6202) Maria Gesuè, R., (0009-0003-3389-1057) Marsh, J., (0000-0002-6532-4255) Masha, E., (0009-0002-7265-8023) Mercogliano, D., (0000-0001-8183-0994) Rapagnani, D., (0009-0002-1235-7480) Robb, D., (0000-0002-1637-7502) Singh Sidhu, R., and (0000-0001-7292-6353) Skowronski, J.

Abstract

The stellar evolution and chemical make-up of the Universe are determined by nuclear reactions occurring in a wide variety of stellar sites. Precise determinations of the cross sections of these reactions are crucial for the calculation of reaction rates and for the development of stellar evolution models. The Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics (LUNA) collaboration has been at the forefront of the direct measurement of nuclear reactions at the low energies of astrophysical interest for the last 35 years. The many significant results achieved at LUNA have been made possible due to the low background conditions uniquely available thanks to its location deep underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. Another key aspect of these successes is due to the experience of the LUNA collaboration in the production and characterization of a variety of solid targets used in reaction measurements. In this review, the main production techniques of solid targets are described, as well as the common methods adopted for target degradation monitoring. We also present the results of recent measurements using these targets and the future plans of the LUNA collaboration for measurements using solid targets at the LUNA400 kV and the new Ion Beam Facility (IBF) 3.5 MV are also presented.

Published
2024

11. This title is unavailable for guests, please login to see more information.

Author

(0000-0002-6532-4255) Masha, E., (0009-0001-0213-7137) Barbieri, L., (0000-0001-7292-6353) Skowronski, J., (0000-0002-3136-9324) Aliotta, M., (0000-0003-2513-7348) Ananna, C., (0000-0003-2088-1290) Barile, F., (0000-0003-0470-8367) Bemmerer, D., (0000-0001-8869-9757) Best, A., (0000-0002-7209-2499) Boeltzig, A., (0000-0001-8512-0308) Broggini, C., (0000-0003-3241-3371) Bruno, C. G., (0000-0003-4673-714X) Caciolli, A., (0000-0001-8902-6618) Campostrini, M., (0000-0002-2260-9322) Casaburo, F., (0000-0002-2548-4764) Cavanna, F., (0000-0002-1772-9872) Ciani, G. F., Ciapponi, A., (0000-0002-9944-1265) Colombetti, P., (0000-0002-6577-4483) Compagnucci, A., (0000-0002-5920-7271) Corvisiero, P., (0000-0001-8169-3360) Csedreki, L., (0000-0002-8769-6893) Davinson, T., (0000-0003-3943-7982) Depalo, R., (0000-0002-8762-0522) Di Leva, A., (0000-0003-0571-8719) Elekes, Z., (0000-0002-2031-7879) Ferraro, F., (0000-0002-3548-2690) Fiore, E. M., (0000-0002-0152-5744) Formicola, A., (0000-0001-8496-1586) Fülöp, Z., (0000-0002-4398-6960) Gervino, G., (0000-0002-6008-1629) Guglielmetti, A., (0000-0003-3232-7027) Gustavino, C., (0000-0003-3779-6463) Gyürky, G., (0000-0002-7037-6770) Imbriani, G., (0000-0002-9937-2685) José, J., (0000-0003-2609-2698) Junker, M., (0000-0002-6972-3958) Lugaro, M., (0009-0001-6234-0735) Manoj, P., (0000-0002-9137-0773) Marigo, P., (0000-0002-3060-5276) Menegazzo, R., (0000-0002-2916-1671) Paticchio, V., (0000-0002-5405-2506) Piatti, D., (0000-0002-8097-9460) Prati, P., (0000-0001-8183-0994) Rapagnani, D., (0000-0003-0671-7750) Rigato, V., (0009-0002-1235-7480) Robb, D., (0000-0003-0871-3585) Schiavulli, L., (0000-0002-1637-7502) Sidhu, R. S., (0000-0002-5514-6125) Straniero, O., (0000-0002-9980-4847) Szücs, T., (0000-0002-5722-8896) Zavatarelli, S., (0000-0002-6532-4255) Masha, E., (0009-0001-0213-7137) Barbieri, L., (0000-0001-7292-6353) Skowronski, J., (0000-0002-3136-9324) Aliotta, M., (0000-0003-2513-7348) Ananna, C., (0000-0003-2088-1290) Barile, F., (0000-0003-0470-8367) Bemmerer, D., (0000-0001-8869-9757) Best, A., (0000-0002-7209-2499) Boeltzig, A., (0000-0001-8512-0308) Broggini, C., (0000-0003-3241-3371) Bruno, C. G., (0000-0003-4673-714X) Caciolli, A., (0000-0001-8902-6618) Campostrini, M., (0000-0002-2260-9322) Casaburo, F., (0000-0002-2548-4764) Cavanna, F., (0000-0002-1772-9872) Ciani, G. F., Ciapponi, A., (0000-0002-9944-1265) Colombetti, P., (0000-0002-6577-4483) Compagnucci, A., (0000-0002-5920-7271) Corvisiero, P., (0000-0001-8169-3360) Csedreki, L., (0000-0002-8769-6893) Davinson, T., (0000-0003-3943-7982) Depalo, R., (0000-0002-8762-0522) Di Leva, A., (0000-0003-0571-8719) Elekes, Z., (0000-0002-2031-7879) Ferraro, F., (0000-0002-3548-2690) Fiore, E. M., (0000-0002-0152-5744) Formicola, A., (0000-0001-8496-1586) Fülöp, Z., (0000-0002-4398-6960) Gervino, G., (0000-0002-6008-1629) Guglielmetti, A., (0000-0003-3232-7027) Gustavino, C., (0000-0003-3779-6463) Gyürky, G., (0000-0002-7037-6770) Imbriani, G., (0000-0002-9937-2685) José, J., (0000-0003-2609-2698) Junker, M., (0000-0002-6972-3958) Lugaro, M., (0009-0001-6234-0735) Manoj, P., (0000-0002-9137-0773) Marigo, P., (0000-0002-3060-5276) Menegazzo, R., (0000-0002-2916-1671) Paticchio, V., (0000-0002-5405-2506) Piatti, D., (0000-0002-8097-9460) Prati, P., (0000-0001-8183-0994) Rapagnani, D., (0000-0003-0671-7750) Rigato, V., (0009-0002-1235-7480) Robb, D., (0000-0003-0871-3585) Schiavulli, L., (0000-0002-1637-7502) Sidhu, R. S., (0000-0002-5514-6125) Straniero, O., (0000-0002-9980-4847) Szücs, T., and (0000-0002-5722-8896) Zavatarelli, S.

Published
2023

12. Muon detection in electron-positron annihilation for muon collider studies

Author

Amapane, N., primary, Antonelli, M., additional, Anulli, F., additional, Ballerini, G., additional, Bandiera, L., additional, Bartosik, N., additional, Bauce, M., additional, Bertolin, A., additional, Biino, C., additional, Blanco-García, O.R., additional, Boscolo, M., additional, Brizzolari, C., additional, Cappati, A., additional, Casaburo, F., additional, Casarsa, M., additional, Cavoto, G., additional, Cesarini, G., additional, Collamati, F., additional, Cotto, G., additional, Curatolo, C., additional, Di Nardo, R., additional, Gonella, F., additional, Hoh, S., additional, Iafrati, M., additional, Iacoangeli, F., additional, Kiani, B., additional, Li Voti, R., additional, Lucchesi, D., additional, Mascagna, V., additional, Paccagnella, A., additional, Pastrone, N., additional, Pazzini, J., additional, Pelliccioni, M., additional, Ponzio, B., additional, Prest, M., additional, Ricci, M., additional, Rosati, S., additional, Rossin, R., additional, Rotondo, M., additional, Planell, O. Sans, additional, Sestini, L., additional, Soldani, M., additional, Triossi, A., additional, Vallazza, E., additional, Ventura, S., additional, and Zanetti, M., additional

Published
2022
Full Text
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16. PediaVirus chatline: all together against COVID-19

Author

Iafusco, M, Ciampa, C, De Maddi, F, Palamone, G, Quarantiello, F, De Luca, G, Iannello, C, Pisano, S, Nocerino, A, Russo, R, Orlando, F, Iafusco, D, Aiello, A, Amorosi, W, Arena, S, Aschettino, M, Basile, P, Battista, A, Bozza, L, Cafiero, M, Caldore, M, Capuano, V, Carbone, Mg, Carbone, V, Casaburo, F, Cavaliere, P, Cerciello, L, Cervone De Martino, M, Cesiro, G, Ciampa, L, Ciao, C, Cimaduomo, L, Cioffi, L, Cirillo, C, Confetto, S, Coppola, G, Crisci, A, Cuzzolin, M, D’Avino, A, De Rosa, I, De Rosa, S, De Siena, M, Del Giudice, G, Del Zotti, F, Della Rotonda, G, D’Errico, U, Di Benedetto, L, Di Prisco, A, Di Stasio, F, Dinardo, M, Donadio, P, Emiliano, M, Esposito, A, Esposito, C, Esposito, L, Esposito, Sl, Fabiani, I, Federico, A, Ferrara, D, Ferraro, E, Filippi, A, Fiorinastro, F, Foria, G, Fusco, A, Gambardella, A, Gicchino, Mf, Giuliano, M, Grano, S, Greco, P, Iacono, A, Iafusco, F, Iannello, G, Iervolino, C, Illiano, G, Imperatore, C, Indolfi, C, Indolfi, P, Iovino, A, Iuliano, R, Kosova, P, Lieto, A, Liotta, L, Lisbino, M, Lodato, G, Loffredo, G, Maida, W, Maione, R, Maiorino, C, Marigliano, Ae, Marinelli, G, Marrone, G, Minervino, G, Napoli, M, Nappo, V, Narciso, V, Nardo, S, Noviello, D, Opallo, A, Orbinato, F, Ottaviano, C, Pace, M, Palma, R, Palmentieri, P, Palmieri, L, Palmieri, S, Parrella, G, Parrotta, G, Pellegrini, F, Peluso, C, Pesole, F, Petito, A, Pezzolla, L, Pignatelli, A, Pinto, L, Piroli, C, Piscopo, A, Pullano, F, Raineri, L, Rigante, Donato, Rivezzi, G, Rocco, C, Rocco, D, Rostan, E, Russo, N, Sannino, C, Sarno, C, Savanelli, L, Serra, S, Sibilio, M, Spera, M, Speranza, P, Stagni, A, Stanco, A, Torino, M, Uccello, A, Ummarino, M, Ummarino, D, Viano, V, Vigorita, S, Villani, S, Viola, R, Vitale, A, Vitiello, R, Vuillemieur, P, and Zanfardino, A

Subjects
Settore MED/38 - PEDIATRIA GENERALE E SPECIALISTICA, Covid-19
Published
2020

17. INJECTION PAIN AND ANXIETY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES: CAN AN INDWELLING CATHETER (I-PORT ADVANCE®) IMPROVE METABOLIC CONTROL AND QUALITY OF LIFE? in 9th International Conference on Advanced Technologies

Author

Zanfardino A., Villano P., Confetto S., Troncone A., Caredda E., Cocca A., Casaburo F., Russo L., Piscopo A., Cascella C., Chianese A., Giglio M., Perrone L., Iafusco D., Zanfardino, A., Villano, P., Confetto, S., Troncone, A., Caredda, E., Cocca, A., Casaburo, F., Russo, L., Piscopo, A., Cascella, C., Chianese, A., Giglio, M., Perrone, L., and Iafusco, D.

Abstract

Background and Aims: Preventing the development of diabetes complications is primary goal in patients with type 1 diabetes, but not the only one. Achieving good quality of life is another central goal. When diabetes is diagnosed, multiple injections become a part of daily life. It is estimated that 22% of general population has needle phobia, often shared by several family members. So, injection therapy may be daunting, severely impacting the ability to self manage diabetes. After all, also in no phobic patients multiple-injections therapy can induce discomfort and pain. We evaluated the effects of an indwelling catheter on metabolic control and quality of life in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and in their mothers. Method: We enrolled 100 patients with type 1 diabetes aged from 15 months to 16 years. We analyzed metabolic control (HbA1c), parental burden and treatment satisfaction (PAID, WE-CARE) and parents' and patients' quality of life (PedsQL) every 3 months for one year after study's starting. Results: HbA1c significantly improved 3 months after the application of the device (p = 0.002). This improvement was preserved up to 1 year. The percentage of mothers with distress when giving injections was high (43.5%). Most improved over time (at 1 year only 8%). Before the starting of the study, 53% of children did not cooperate during insulin injections. At 1 year only 3% of children showed stress for injections. Conclusion: We can conclude that the use of i-Port Advance improves the quality of life of caregivers and children, as well as the metabolic control.

Published
2016

18. INJECTION PAIN AND ANXIETY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES: CAN AN INDWELLING CATHETER (I-PORT ADVANCE (R)) IMPROVE METABOLIC CONTROL AND QUALITY OF LIFE?

Author

Zanfardino, A, Villano, P, Confetto, S, Caredda, E, Cocca, A, Casaburo, F, Russo, L, Piscopo, A, Cascella, C, Chianese, A, Giglio, M, TRONCONE, Alda, PERRONE, Laura, IAFUSCO, Dario, Zanfardino, A, Villano, P, Confetto, S, Troncone, Alda, Caredda, E, Cocca, A, Casaburo, F, Russo, L, Piscopo, A, Cascella, C, Chianese, A, Giglio, M, Perrone, Laura, and Iafusco, Dario

Published
2016

19. Il Diabete Mitocondriale: se lo cerchi lo trovi

Author

IAFUSCO, DARIO, SACCHETTI, LUCIA, MAZZACCARA, CRISTINA, Liguori R., Ferrigno M., Libondi T., Simonelli F., Zanfardino A., Piscopo A., Pisani F., Casaburo F., Russo L., Villano P., Picariello S., Lancuba M., Forgione E., Caredda E., Iannalfo M., Pinelli M., Acquaviva F., Confetto S., Pelliccia C., Cocca A., Prisco F., Iafusco D., Sacchetti L., Mazzaccara C., Liguori R., Ferrigno M., Libondi T., Simonelli F., Zanfardino A., Piscopo A., Pisani F., Casaburo F., Russo L., Villano P., Picariello S., Lancuba M., Forgione E., Caredda E., Iannalfo M., Pinelli M., Acquaviva F., Confetto S., Pelliccia C., Cocca A., Prisco F., Iafusco, Dario, Sacchetti, Lucia, Mazzaccara, Cristina, Liguori, R., Ferrigno, M., Libondi, T., Simonelli, F., Zanfardino, A., Piscopo, A., Pisani, F., Casaburo, F., Russo, L., Villano, P., Picariello, S., Lancuba, M., Forgione, E., Caredda, E., Iannalfo, M., Pinelli, M., Acquaviva, F., Confetto, S., Pelliccia, C., Cocca, A., and Prisco, F.

Published
2012

20. Non autoimmune diabetes mellitus in pediatrics

Author

Iafusco, D, Confetto, S, Zanfardino, A, Piscopo, A, Casaburo, F, Cocca, A, Caredda, E, Pezzino, G, Tinto, N, Pirozzi, D, Napoli, A, Barbetti, F, and Perrone, L

Subjects
Settore MED/13
Published
2016

21. Diabete tipo 1, tipo 2 e tipo X. Ipeglicemia in età pediatrica: quale diabete ?

Author

Iafusco, D, Barbetti, F, Massimi, A, Grasso, V, Rabbone, I, Casaburo, F, Cocca, A, Confetto, S, Galderisi, A, Paccone, A, Picariello, S, Piscopo, A, Russo, L, Villano, P, Zanfardino, A, Prisco, F, Tinto, N, Mazzaccara, C, Pirozzi, D, De Sanctis, P, Pinelli, M, Acquaviva, F, and Sacchetti, L

Subjects
Settore MED/13, Settore MED/03
Published
2015

22. Identification of candidate children for maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2 (MODY2) gene testing: a seven-item clinical flowchart (7-iF)

Author

Pinelli, M, Acquaviva, F, Barbetti, F, Caredda, E, Cocozza, S, Delvecchio, M, Mozzillo, E, Pirozzi, D, Prisco, F, Rabbone, I, Sacchetti, L, Tinto, N, Toni, S, Zucchini, S, Iafusco, D, Italian Study Group on Diabetes of the Italian Society of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, Biagioni, M, Carloni, I, Cester, Am, Cherubini, V, Giorgetti, C, Iannilli, A, Bruzzese, M, Mammì, F, Guasti, M, Lenzi, L, Pepe, R, Piccini, B, Benelli, M, Cadario, F, Calcaterra, V, Cerutti, F, Sicignano, S, Mammì, C, Lazzaro, N, Comberiati, P, Scaramuzza, A, Zuccotti, G, Redaelli, F, Gallo, F, Cappa, M, Patera, P, Schiaffini, R, Cardella, F, Salvo, C, De Marco, R, Chessa, M, Frongia, P, Ricciardi, Mr, Ripoli, C, Zedda, Ma, Citriniti, F, Chiarelli, F, Tumini, S, Coccioli, Ms, De Berardinis, F, Santoro, E, DE LUCA, Filippo, Lombardo, Fortunato, Salzano, Giuseppina, Felappi, B, Prandi, E, Frezza, E, Piccinno, E, Torelli, C, Zecchino, C, Galderisi, A, Monciotti, C, Ingletto, D, Kaufmann, P, Pasquino, B, Lera, R, Lucchesi, S, Perrotta, A, Salardi, S, Scipioni, M, Luceri, S, Stamati, F, Pianese, L, Piceno, A, Tomaselli, L, Vergerio, A, Casaburo, F, Cocca, A, Confetto, S, Forgione, E, Pelliccia, C, Picariello, S, Pisani, F, Piscopo, A, Villano, P, Zanfardino, A, Buono, P, Franzese, A, Nugnes, R, Valerio, G, Maffeis, C, Marigliano, M, Chiari, G, Iovene, B, Vanelli, M., Pinelli, Michele, Acquaviva, Fabio, Barbetti, F, Caredda, E, Cocozza, Sergio, Delvecchio, M, Mozzillo, Enza, Pirozzi, Daniele, Prisco, F, Rabbone, I, Sacchetti, Lucia, Tinto, Nadia, Toni, S, Zucchini, S, and Iafusco, D.

Subjects
Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Science, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Decision tree, Medicine (all), Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all), Biochemistry, Maturity onset diabetes of the young, Settore MED/13 - Endocrinologia, Quality of life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Glucokinase, medicine, Humans, Genetic Testing, Prospective Studies, Age of Onset, Prospective cohort study, Child, Wasting, Children, Genetic testing, Retrospective Studies, Glycated Hemoglobin, Multidisciplinary, MODY2, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Decision Trees, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Test (assessment), Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Italy, Child, Preschool, Mutation, Quality of Life, Medicine, Female, medicine.symptom, business, gene testing, Research Article
Abstract

MODY2 is the most prevalent monogenic form of diabetes in Italy with an estimated prevalence of about 0.5-1.5%. MODY2 is potentially indistinguishable from other forms of diabetes, however, its identification impacts on patients' quality of life and healthcare resources. Unfortunately, DNA direct sequencing as diagnostic test is not readily accessible and expensive. In addition current guidelines, aiming to establish when the test should be performed, proved a poor detection rate. Aim of this study is to propose a reliable and easy-to-use tool to identify candidate patients for MODY2 genetic testing. We designed and validated a diagnostic flowchart in the attempt to improve the detection rate and to increase the number of properly requested tests. The flowchart, called 7-iF, consists of 7 binary "yes or no" questions and its unequivocal output is an indication for whether testing or not. We tested the 7-iF to estimate its clinical utility in comparison to the clinical suspicion alone. The 7-iF, in a prospective 2-year study (921 diabetic children) showed a precision of about the 76%. Using retrospective data, the 7-iF showed a precision in identifying MODY2 patients of about 80% compared to the 40% of the clinical suspicion. On the other hand, despite a relatively high number of missing MODY2 patients, the 7-iF would not suggest the test for 90% of the non-MODY2 patients, demonstrating that a wide application of this method might 1) help less experienced clinicians in suspecting MODY2 patients and 2) reducing the number of unnecessary tests. With the 7-iF, a clinician can feel confident of identifying a potential case of MODY2 and suggest the molecular test without fear of wasting time and money. A Qaly-type analysis estimated an increase in the patients' quality of life and savings for the health care system of about 9 million euros per year.

Published
2012

23. Muon detection in electron-positron annihilation for muon collider studies

Author

Amapane, N., Antonelli, M., Anulli, F., Ballerini, G., Bandiera, L., Bartosik, N., Bauce, M., Bertolin, A., Biino, C., Blanco-Garcia, O.R., Boscolo, M., Brizzolari, C., Cappati, A., Casaburo, F., Casarsa, M., Cavoto, G., Cesarini, G., Collamati, F., Cotto, G., Curatolo, C., Di Nardo, R., Gonella, F., Hoh, S., Iafrati, M., Iacoangeli, F., Kiani, B., Li Voti, R., Lucchesi, D., Mascagna, V., Paccagnella, A., Pastrone, N., Pazzini, J., Pelliccioni, M., Ponzio, B., Prest, M., Ricci, M., Rosati, S., Rossin, R., Rotondo, M., Sans Planell, O., Sestini, L., Soldani, M., Triossi, A., Vallazza, E., Ventura, S., and Zanetti, M.

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 7. Clean energy
Abstract

The investigation of the energy frontier in physics requires novel concept for future colliders. The idea of a muon collider is very appealing since it would aim to study particle collisions up to tens of TeV energy while offering a cleaner experimental environment with respect to hadronic colliders. One key element in the muon collider design is muon production with small emittance. Recently, the Low EMittance Muon Accelerator (LEMMA) collaboration has explored the close-to-threshold muon production by 45 GeV positron annihilating in a low Z material target. Muons are emerging with a natural small emittance. In this paper we describe the performance of a system of segmented absorbers with alternating active layers realized with fast Cherenkov detectors and a muon identification technique based on it. Passive layers were made of tungsten. Muons and electron beams data were collected in September 2018 at the H2 line in the North Area of the Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire (CERN).

24. Case report: coeliac disease as a cause of secondary failure of glibenclamide therapy in a patient with permanent neonatal diabetes due to KCNJ11/R201C mutation

Author

Francesca Casaburo, Fabrizio Barbetti, Angelica De Nigris, Dario Iafusco, Angela Zanfardino, Alessia Piscopo, Maria Cecilia Russo, Mattia Arenella, Giuseppina Russo, Salvatore Alfiero, Iafusco, D., Zanfardino, A., Piscopo, A., Casaburo, F., De Nigris, A., Alfiero, S., Russo, G., Arenella, M., Russo, M. C., and Barbetti, F.

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Coeliac disease, Neonatal diabetes, business.industry, Glibenclamide therapy, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, KCNJ11 mutation, Permanent neonatal diabete, Human physiology, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, Secondary failure, Glibenclamide, Internal medicine, Permanent neonatal diabetes, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Research Letter, Internal Medicine, medicine, business, medicine.drug
Published
2021
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25. Disordered eating behaviors in youths with type 1 diabetes during COVID-19 lockdown: an exploratory study

Author

Crescenzo Cascella, Serena Rollato, Angela Zanfardino, Francesca Casaburo, Alda Troncone, Veronica Testa, Antonietta Chianese, Anna Borriello, Alessia Piscopo, Dario Iafusco, Troncone, A., Chianese, A., Zanfardino, A., Cascella, C., Piscopo, A., Borriello, A., Rollato, S., Casaburo, F., Testa, V., and Iafusco, D.

Subjects
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Adolescent, lcsh:RC435-571, Exploratory research, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Context (language use), Adolescents, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetes mellitus, lcsh:Psychiatry, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Disordered eating, Children, Disordered eating behavior, Type 1 diabetes, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, COVID-19, Anthropometry, medicine.disease, Psychiatry and Mental health, Eating disorders, Disordered eating behaviors, business, Clinical psychology, Research Article
Abstract

Background Recent research indicates that patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at higher risk for disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) than their peers without diabetes. The present study aimed to explore the prevalence of DEBs in a sample of Italian children and adolescents with T1D and in matched-pair healthy controls during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 138 children and adolescents with T1D (aged 8.01–19.11 years, 65 boys) attending a Southern Italian diabetic service and 276 age- and gender-matched healthy peers voluntarily completed an online survey about eating behaviors (ChEAT and EAT-26), anthropometric characteristics, and clinical characteristics. Results 8.69% (N = 12) of participants with T1D and 13.4% (N = 37) of controls had ChEAT/EAT-26 scores indicating presence of DEBs, with no differences between patients—whether children (total ChEAT score F(1, 157) = .104, p = .748) or adolescents (total EAT-26 score F(1, 255) = .135, p = .731)—and healthy peers. zBMI values were lower than those measured in the latest diabetes visit (p p = .110). In both groups, adolescents had lower Oral Control scores than children (T1D: F(1, 138) = 20.411, p 2 = .132, controls: F(1, 276) = 18.271, p 2 = .063); additionally, gender (female) and age were found to be significant predictors of several ChEAT/EAT-26 scores. Conclusions This exploratory study suggested that children and adolescents with T1D did not experience more DEB symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown compared to healthy controls. Results revealed DEBs as more of a female adolescent developmental issue rather than a result of the challenges of living with a chronic illness under quarantine measures. Possible effects of parental pressure on their children’s eating behaviors in the context of home confinement and of using a non-diabetes-specific measure to assess DEBs are discussed.

Published
2020

26. Doctor‑Patient Relationship in Synchronous/Real‑time Video‑Consultations and In‑Person Visits: An Investigation of the Perceptions of Young People with Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents During the COVID‑19 Pandemic

Author

Alda Troncone, Crescenzo Cascella, Antonietta Chianese, Angela Zanfardino, Francesca Casaburo, Alessia Piscopo, Francesco Maria Rosanio, Francesca di Candia, Adriana Franzese, Dario Iafusco, Enza Mozzillo, Troncone, A., Cascella, C., Chianese, A., Zanfardino, A., Casaburo, F., Piscopo, A., Rosanio, F. M., Candia, Di, Franzese, F., Iafusco, A., Mozzillo, D., Troncone, Alda, Cascella, Crescenzo, Chianese, Antonietta, Zanfardino, Angela, Casaburo, Francesca, Piscopo, Alessia, Rosanio, Francesco Maria, di Candia, Francesca, Franzese, Adriana, Iafusco, Dario, and Mozzillo, Enza

Subjects
Glycated Hemoglobin, Male, Parents, Physician-Patient Relations, Adolescent, Teleconsultation, Physician empathy, COVID-19, Doctor-patient relationship, Full Length Manuscript, Satisfaction with care, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Type 1 diabetes, Patient Satisfaction, Humans, Female, Child, Pandemics, Referral and Consultation, Applied Psychology
Abstract

Background Given that the widely acknowledged influence of the doctor-patient relationship on objective health parameters and treatment adherence in chronic illnesses, this study sought to explore how patients perceived the patient-doctor relationship across virtual and in-person contexts. Methods Parents’ and patients’ perceptions of doctor-patient relationship were evaluated in 610 children and adolescents (12.17 ± 4.19 years, 50.9% girls) with type 1 diabetes who visited via video-conferencing or in person during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results No differences were found between video consultations and in-person visits in terms of care satisfaction (p > .05), doctor-patient relationship—for the dimensions agreement on tasks (p = .506) and bond (p = .828)—as perceived by parents and physician empathy as perceived by patients (p = .096). Parents rated patient-doctor agreement on explicit goals of treatment higher in video consultation than in person (p = .009, d = .211). Agreement on goals (β = − .180, p = .016) and bond with doctor (β = − .160, p = .034) were negatively and significantly associated with HbA1c values, but only in participants who visited in person. Conclusions Parents’ care satisfaction and perceptions of doctor-patient relationship, along with patients’ perceptions of physician empathy, did not substantially differ between visits carried out in person or via video consultations. Given the high risk of psychological problems described in young people with diabetes, video consultation can be considered a useful opportunity to maintain access to a healthcare provider in a challenging time, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Published
2022

27. Comparison of emotional approaches of medical doctors against COVID-19 pandemic: Eastern and Western Mediterranean countries

Author

Gulsah Ozen, Francesca Gicchino, Francesca Casaburo, Dario Iafusco, Angela Zanfardino, Burak Acan, Alessia Piscopo, Gulsum Ozen, Santino Confetto, Alda Troncone, Ozen, G., Zanfardino, A., Acan, B., Piscopo, A., Casaburo, F., Gicchino, F., Confetto, S., Troncone, A., and Iafusco, D.

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Turkish, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Psychological intervention, Perceived Stress Scale, Anger, Anxiety, Physicians, Health care, Pandemic, medicine, Humans, education, Pandemics, media_common, Aged, Psychiatry, education.field_of_study, Original Paper, business.industry, Depression, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Original Papers, language.human_language, Cross-Sectional Studies, Compassion fatigue, Family medicine, language, Female, business
Abstract

Background: Pandemics are states of disease that occur worldwide and sharply increase in populations. It causes life events which trigger anxiety, depression, anger, sleep deprivation, emotional distress and stress. World Health Organization (WHO) declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic on March 11, pointing to the over 118,000 cases in over 110 countries. Many healthcare workers became ill during the pandemic and some among them died. In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare level of stress against COVID-19 pandemic among doctors from Turkey and Italy. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study in which Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS) are administered online via social networks. All data collection tools were delivered to individuals between 1 and 15 June 2020 and filled in online with Google Forms application. In total, 618 individuals were included in this study and all of them were medical doctors. Results: Higher PS and STS levels were found related to female gender, being married, working in pandemic hospital and older ages. Stress levels were found statistically higher in Turkish doctors when compared to Italian doctors for both stress scales (Turkish/Italian PSS:20.18±7.90/ 19.35±6.71, STSS: 44.19±13.29/ 38.83±13.74). Conclusion: The number of doctors per 1000 of population is lower and per capita visits to a physician are higher in Turkey when compared to Italy. Besides pandemic, these heavier working conditions, increased weekly working hours can cause stress for Turkish doctors. Reporting information such this study is important and international collaborations are essential to plan future prevention strategies. We need to strengthen international ties and build more international collaborations rather than staying within our national silos. Additionally, interventions to promote mental well-being in health care professionals exposed to COVID-19 need to be immediately implemented.

Published
2021

28. Differences between Transient Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus Subtypes can Guide Diagnosis and Therapy

Author

Riccardo Bonfanti, Dario Iafusco, Ivana Rabbone, Giacomo Diedenhofen, Carla Bizzarri, Patrizia Ippolita Patera, Petra Reinstadler, Francesco Costantino, Valeria Calcaterra, Lorenzo Iughetti, Silvia Savastio, Anna Favia, Francesca Cardella, Donatella Lo Presti, Ylenia Girtler, Sarah Rabbiosi, Giuseppe D’Annunzio, Angela Zanfardino, Alessia Piscopo, Francesca Casaburo, Letizia Pintomalli, Lucia Russo, Valeria Grasso, Nicola Minuto, Mafalda Mucciolo, Antonio Novelli, Antonella Marucci, Barbara Piccini, Sonia Toni, Francesca Silvestri, Paola Carrera, Andrea Rigamonti, Giulio Frontino, Michela Trada, Davide Tinti, Maurizio Delvecchio, Novella Rapini, Riccardo Schiaffini, Corrado Mammì, Fabrizio Barbetti, Monica Aloe, Simona Amadeo, Claudia Arnaldi, Marta Bassi, Luciano Beccaria, Marzia Benelli, Giulia Maria Berioloi, Enrica Bertelli, Martina Biagioni, Adriana Bobbio, Stefano Boccato, Oriana Bologna, Franco Bontempi, Clara Bonura, Giulia Bracciolini, Claudia Brufani, Patrizia Bruzzi, Pietro Buono, Roberta Cardani, Giuliana Cardinale, Alberto Casertano, Maria Cristina Castiglione, Vittoria Cauvin, Valentino Cherubini, Franco Chiarelli, Giovanni Chiari, Stefano Cianfarani, Dante Cirillo, Felice Citriniti, Susanna Coccioli, Anna Cogliardi, Santino Confetto, Giovanna Contreas, Anna Corò, Elisa Corsini, Nicoletta Cresta, Fiorella De Berardinis, Valeria De Donno, Giampaolo De Filippo, Rosaria De Marco, Annalisa Deodati, Elena Faleschini, Valentina Fattorusso, Valeria Favalli, Barbara Felappi, Lucia Ferrito, Graziella Fichera, Franco Fontana, Elena Fornari, Roberto Franceschi, Francesca Franco, Adriana Franzese, Anna Paola Frongia, Alberto Gaiero, Francesco Gallo, Luigi Gargantini, Elisa Giani, Chiara Giorgetti, Giulia Bianchi, Vanna Graziani, Antonella Gualtieri, Monica Guasti, Gennaro Iannicelli, Antonio Iannilli, Ignaccolo Giovanna, Dario Ingletto, Stefania Innaurato, Elena Inzaghi, Brunella Iovane, Peter Kaufmann, Alfonso La Loggia, Rosa Lapolla, Anna Lasagni, Nicola Lazzaro, Lorenzo Lenzi, Riccardo Lera, Gabriella Levantini, Fortunato Lombardo, Antonella Lonero, Silvia Longhi, Sonia Lucchesi, Lucia Paola Guerraggio, Sergio Lucieri, Patrizia Macellaro, Claudio Maffeis, Bendetta Mainetti, Giulio Maltoni, Chiara Mameli, Francesco Mammì, Maria Luisa Manca-Bitti, Melania Manco, Monica Marino, Matteo Mariano, Marco Marigliano, Alberto Marsciani, Costanzo Mastrangelo, Maria Cristina Matteoli, Elena Mazzali, Franco Meschi, Antonella MIgliaccio, Anita Morandi, Gianfranco Morganti, Enza Mozzillo, Gianluca Musolino, Rosa Nugnes, Federica Ortolani, Daniela Pardi, Filomena Pascarella, Stefano Passanisi, Annalisa Pedini, Cristina Pennati, Angelo Perrotta, Sonia Peruzzi, Paola Peverelli, Giulia Pezzino, Anita Claudia Piona, Gavina Piredda, Carmelo Pistone, Elena Prandi, Barbara Pedieri, Procolo Di Bonito, Anna Pulcina, Maria Quinci, Emioli Randazzo, Rossella Ricciardi, Carlo Ripoli, Rosanna Roppolo, Irene Rutigliano, Alberto Sabbio, Silvana salardi, Alessandro Salvatoni, Anna Saporiti, Rita Sardi, Mariapiera Scanu, Andrea Scaramuzza, Eleonardo Schiven, Andrea Secco, Linda Sessa, Paola Sogno Valin, Silvia Sordelli, Luisa Spallino, Stefano Stagi, Filomena Stamati, Tosca Suprani, Valentina Talarico, Tiziana Timapanaro, Antonella Tirendi, Letizia Tomaselli, Gianluca Tornese, Adolfo Andrea Trettene, Stefano Tumini, Giuliana Valerio, Claudia Ventrici, Matteo Viscardi, Silvana Zaffani, Maria Zampolli, Giorgio Zanette, Clara Zecchino, Maria Antonietta Zedda, Silvia Zonca, Stefano Zucchini, Bonfanti, R., Iafusco, D., Rabbone, I., Diedenhofen, G., Bizzarri, C., Patera, P. I., Reinstadler, P., Costantino, F., Calcaterra, V., Iughetti, L., Savastio, S., Favia, A., Cardella, F., Presti, D. L., Girtler, Y., Rabbiosi, S., D'Annunzio, G., Zanfardino, A., Piscopo, A., Casaburo, F., Pintomalli, L., Russo, L., Grasso, V., Minuto, N., Mucciolo, M., Novelli, A., Marucci, A., Piccini, B., Toni, S., Silvestri, F., Carrera, P., Rigamonti, A., Frontino, G., Trada, M., Tinti, D., Delvecchio, M., Rapini, N., Schiaffini, R., Mammi, C., and Barbetti, F.

Subjects
Proband, Male, Pediatrics, Potassium Channels, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Datasets as Topic, Diagnosis, Differential, Diagnostic Techniques, Endocrine, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Italy, Mutation, Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying, Remission Induction, Retrospective Studies, Sulfonylurea Receptors, Diabetes Mellitus, Infant, Newborn, Diseases, Diseases, Gastroenterology, Diabetes mellitus genetics, Endocrinology, Settore MED/13, Retrospective Studie, Diagnosis, Medicine, Endocrine pancreas, Transient Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus, 6q24 TNDM, KATP TNDM, Sulfonylureas, Sulfonylureas, Sulfonylurea Receptor, biology, Diabetes Mellitu, General Medicine, Metformin, Inwardly Rectifying, Settore MED/03, 6q24 TNDM, medicine.symptom, Endocrine, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, medicine.drug, Human, endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, KATP TNDM, ABCC8, Transient Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Macroglossia, Endocrine pancreas, business.industry, medicine.disease, Newborn, Diagnostic Techniques, Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus, Differential, biology.protein, Sulfonylurea receptor, business
Abstract

Objective Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) is caused by activating mutations in ABCC8 and KCNJ11 genes (KATP/TNDM) or by chromosome 6q24 abnormalities (6q24/TNDM). We wanted to assess whether these different genetic aetiologies result in distinct clinical features. Design Retrospective analysis of the Italian data set of patients with TNDM. Methods Clinical features and treatment of 22 KATP/TNDM patients and 12 6q24/TNDM patients were compared. Results Fourteen KATP/TNDM probands had a carrier parent with abnormal glucose values, four patients with 6q24 showed macroglossia and/or umbilical hernia. Median age at diabetes onset and birth weight were lower in patients with 6q24 (1 week; −2.27 SD) than those with KATP mutations (4.0 weeks; −1.04 SD) (P = 0.009 and P = 0.007, respectively). Median time to remission was longer in KATP/TNDM than 6q24/TNDM (21.5 weeks vs 12 weeks) (P = 0.002). Two KATP/TNDM patients entered diabetes remission without pharmacological therapy. A proband with the ABCC8/L225P variant previously associated with permanent neonatal diabetes entered 7-year long remission after 1 year of sulfonylurea therapy. Seven diabetic individuals with KATP mutations were successfully treated with sulfonylurea monotherapy; four cases with relapsing 6q24/TNDM were treated with insulin, metformin or combination therapy. Conclusions If TNDM is suspected, KATP genes should be analyzed first with the exception of patients with macroglossia and/or umbilical hernia. Remission of diabetes without pharmacological therapy should not preclude genetic analysis. Early treatment with sulfonylurea may induce long-lasting remission of diabetes in patients with KATP mutations associated with PNDM. Adult patients carrying KATP/TNDM mutations respond favourably to sulfonylurea monotherapy.

Published
2021

29. Body Image Problems and Disordered Eating Behaviors in Italian Adolescents With and Without Type 1 Diabetes: An Examination With a Gender-Specific Body Image Measure

Author

Crescenzo Cascella, Dario Iafusco, Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice, Alessia Piscopo, Francesca Casaburo, Antonietta Chianese, Angela Zanfardino, Anna Borriello, Alda Troncone, Troncone, A., Cascella, C., Chianese, A., Zanfardino, A., Piscopo, A., Borriello, A., Casaburo, F., MIRAGLIA DEL GIUDICE, Emanuele, and M., Iafusco

Subjects
type 1 diabetes, body image, Disease duration, lcsh:BF1-990, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, gender, Psychology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Drive for thinness, Disordered eating, Eating problems, General Psychology, Original Research, Type 1 diabetes, 05 social sciences, weight, medicine.disease, lcsh:Psychology, disordered eating behaviors, Thin body, adolescence, medicine.symptom, Weight gain, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
Abstract

ObjectiveTo examine body image problems and their associations with disordered eating behavior in adolescents with type 1 diabetes and well-matched healthy peers.MethodsUsing a cross-sectional design, 183 adolescents with type 1 diabetes (13.02–18.05 years) were recruited from diabetes centers in southern Italy and compared to healthy peers matched for age and gender. Participants completed self-report measures of disordered eating behaviors (DEPS-r and EDI-3RF) and a gender-specific body image problem questionnaire (SATAQ-4R). Socio-demographic and clinical data (zBMI, HbA1c, and disease duration) were also collected. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses were computed to determine the relative importance of diabetes variables and body image problems on participants’ disordered eating behaviors after controlling for demographic variables.ResultsAdolescents with type 1 diabetes showed diabetes-specific eating problems in 37.7% of cases and had more eating problem symptoms (assessed as drive for thinness and bulimia) than healthy peers. Male adolescents with type 1 diabetes did not display more body image problems (p > 0.05); females with type 1 diabetes compared to females in the control group were found to be more pressured by family (p = 0.025) but less by media (p = 0.022) to improve their appearance and attain a thin body. zBMI and body image problems contributed to a significant increase in disordered eating behavior risk both in male and female adolescents with diabetes and in healthy peers (zBMI 0.213 < β < 0.426, p < 0.05; body image 0.243 < β < 0.572, p < 0.05). None of the variables analyzed were found to significantly predict male bulimic symptoms (all β < 0.296, p > 0.05).ConclusionSince in adolescence type 1 diabetes and insulin therapy may increase the risk of weight gain and promote focus and attention on the body and thus contribute to the development of body image problems and disordered eating behaviors, continuity of medical, nutritional, and psychological care is needed.

Published
2020

30. Congenital diabetes mellitus

Author

Fabrizio Barbetti, Alessia Piscopo, Francesca Casaburo, Angela Zanfardino, Riccardo Bonfanti, Ivana Rabbone, Dario Iafusco, Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice, Maria Francesca Gicchino, Gulsum Ozen, Nadia Tinto, Fernanda Iafusco, Serena Meola, Iafusco, D., Zanfardino, A., Bonfanti, R., Rabbone, I., Tinto, N., Iafusco, F., Meola, S., Gicchino, M. F., Ozen, G., Casaburo, F., Piscopo, A., Miraglia Del Giudice, E., Barbetti, F., Iafusco, Dario, Zanfardino, Angela, Bonfanti, Riccardo, Rabbone, Ivana, Tinto, Nadia, Iafusco, Fernanda, Meola, Serena, Gicchino, Maria Francesca, Ozen, Gulsum, Casaburo, Francesca, Piscopo, Alessia, Miraglia Del Giudice, Emanuele, and Barbetti, Fabrizio

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Congenital diabetes mellitu, Diabetes mellitu, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Urinary system, medicine.medical_treatment, Germinal Center Kinases, Diabetes Complications, Pathogenesis, 03 medical and health sciences, Rare Diseases, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Quality of life, Congenital autoimmune, 030225 pediatrics, Diabetes Mellitus, medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Type 1 diabetes, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, PNDM, Neonatal diabetes mellitu, medicine.disease, Sulfonylurea Compounds, 030228 respiratory system, Hyperglycemia, TNDM, Permanent neonatal, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Mutation, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Severe intrauterine growth retardation, Transient neonatal, 1, business, Pharmacogenetics
Abstract

Congenital diabetes mellitus is a rare disorder characterized by hyperglycemia that occurs shortly after birth. We define "Diabetes of Infancy" if hyperglycemia onset before 6 months of life. From the clinical point of view, we distinguish two main types of diabetes of infancy: transient (TNDM), which remits spontaneously, and permanent (PNDM), which requires lifelong treatment. TNDM may relapse later in life. About 50% of cases are transient (TNDM) and 50% permanent. Clinical manifestations include severe intrauterine growth retardation, hyperglycemia and dehydration. A wide range of different associated clinical signs including facial dysmorphism, deafness and neurological, cardiac, kidney or urinary tract anomalies are reported. Developmental delay and learning difficulties may also be observed. In this paper we review all the causes of congenital diabetes and all genes and syndromes involved in this pathology. The discovery of the pathogenesis of most forms of congenital diabetes has made it possible to adapt the therapy to the diagnosis and in the forms of alteration of the potassium channels of the pancreatic Beta cells the switch from insulin to glibenclamide per os has greatly improved the quality of life. Congenital diabetes, although it is a very rare form, has been at the must of research in recent years especially for pathogenesis and pharmacogenetics. The most striking difference compared to the more frequent autoimmune diabetes in children (type 1 diabetes) is the possibility of treatment with hypoglycemic agents and the apparent lower frequency of chronic complications.

Published
2020

31. The Association of Autoimmune Diseases with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children Depends Also by the Length of Partial Clinical Remission Phase (Honeymoon)

Author

Medine Aysin Tasar, Arzu Yilmaz, Santino Confetto, Fernanda Iafusco, Alessia Piscopo, Angela Zanfardino, Gulsah Ozen, Dario Iafusco, Francesca Casaburo, Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice, Gulsum Ozen, Nadia Tinto, Ozen, G., Zanfardino, A., Confetto, S., Piscopo, A., Casaburo, F., Tinto, N., Iafusco, F., Miraglia Del Giudice, E., Tasar, M. A., Yilmaz, A., Iafusco, D., and Iafusco, D

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Article Subject, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Disease, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Immune system, Diabetes mellitus, Remission phase, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Autoimmune disease, Type 1 diabetes, Endocrine and Autonomic Systems, business.industry, Insulin, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, RC648-665, business, Research Article
Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by irreversible, autoimmune, pancreatic β-cell destruction. During the disease, some patients experience a phase of Partial Clinical Remission (PCR) known as “honeymoon.” This is a transitory period that is characterized by insulin production by residual β cells following DM diagnosis and initiating the insulin therapy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the influence of insulin production on immune system after the onset of diabetes, and we showed that the duration of honeymoon period could be related to the onset of other autoimmune conditions. For this retrospective study, 159 children aged between 11 and 18 years with type 1 DM were eligible. They have been diagnosed diabetes at least 10 years ago and use exogenous insulin. Our results showed that younger age at the onset of Type 1 DM in children, predicts Celiac Disease. Female sex and low HCO3 levels at the onset of DM had a high predictive value on patients who did not experience longer Partial Clinical Remission phase. Patients with higher BMI at the diagnosis of DM experienced shorter honeymoon period than the average. Smaller of our patients who diagnosed just DM have more than 297 days honeymoon period with respect to patients with one associated autoimmune disease. This may be due to a continuous and prolonged stimulation of immune system during the period of honeymoon that predispose the patient to develop other TH1 diseases. The patients who experienced more than 297 days Partial Clinical Remission seem under risk of developing one other autoimmune disease more than the patients who experienced less than 297 days Partial Clinical Remission. We have to consider that this observation is very intriguing because many protocols spring-up to try prolonging the honeymoon period in patients with autoimmune DM. If this aim is important from a metabolic point of view, long follow-ups are needed to be sure that the risk of other autoimmune diseases does not increase.

Published
2020
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32. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in preschool children: butt or tummy, which is the best infusion set site?

Author

Elisabetta Caredda, Angela Zanfardino, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Francesco Prisco, Alessandra Cocca, Pasquale Villano, Emilia Forgione, Santino Confetto, Andrea Scaramuzza, Stefania Picariello, Assunta S Rollato, Francesca Casaburo, Dario Iafusco, Loredana Russo, Alessia Piscopo, Zanfardino, A, Iafusco, Dario, Piscopo, A, Cocca, A, Villano, P, Confetto, S, Caredda, E, Picariello, S, Russo, L, Casaburo, F, Rollato, A, Forgione, E, Zuccotti, G, Prisco, F, and Scaramuzza, A. E.

Subjects
Insulin pump, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Injections, Subcutaneous, Skin Absorption, Infusion Site, Body Mass Index, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Diabetes mellitus, Abdomen, medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Glycated Hemoglobin, Type 1 diabetes, Cross-Over Studies, business.industry, Area under the curve, medicine.disease, Crossover study, Surgery, Medical Laboratory Technology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Treatment Outcome, chemistry, Area Under Curve, Child, Preschool, Buttocks, Female, Glycated hemoglobin, business
Abstract

Choosing the right infusion set site can be an important factor in obtaining good glycemic control, especially in very young children. In an attempt to identify the best infusion site, we performed a crossover study in six preschool children with type 1 diabetes using insulin pump therapy.We enrolled six patients 5.2±0.7 years old (range, 4-6 years), with type 1 diabetes for more than 1.5 years, using insulin pump therapy for at least 6 months. For each patient, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, and all data downloaded from the system were evaluated on two occasions: the first with the infusion set placed on the buttock and the second on the abdomen, each for 3 days. The order of infusion set placement was randomized. Mean capillary blood glucose, mean continuous glycemia, mean area under the curve (AUC) using the trapezoidal rule for both140 mg/dL and70 mg/dL, insulin daily dose, carbohydrate/insulin ratio, total basal insulin, total bolus insulin, and mean amplitude of glucose excursions (MAGE) were evaluated.Mean glycemic values, mean AUC140 mg/dL, and MAGE were significantly lower when the infusion set was placed on the buttock versus the abdomen (144.6±31.9 mg/dL vs. 166.0±34.8 mg/dL [P=0.000], 28.4±18.3% vs. 48.8±28.2% [P=0.000], and 32±10 vs. 60±15 mg/dL [P0.001], respectively), whereas mean AUC70 mg/dL was higher (1.47±2.77% vs. 0.87±1.03% [P0.001]).The present findings suggest that preschool children with type 1 diabetes using insulin pump therapy could benefit from inserting the infusion set in the buttock instead of the abdomen.

Published
2014

33. Doctor-Patient Relationship in Synchronous/Real-time Video-Consultations and In-Person Visits: An Investigation of the Perceptions of Young People with Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Author

Troncone A, Cascella C, Chianese A, Zanfardino A, Casaburo F, Piscopo A, Rosanio FM, di Candia F, Franzese A, Iafusco D, and Mozzillo E

Subjects
Adolescent, Child, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Male, Pandemics, Parents, Patient Satisfaction, Physician-Patient Relations, Referral and Consultation, COVID-19, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Abstract

Background: Given that the widely acknowledged influence of the doctor-patient relationship on objective health parameters and treatment adherence in chronic illnesses, this study sought to explore how patients perceived the patient-doctor relationship across virtual and in-person contexts., Methods: Parents' and patients' perceptions of doctor-patient relationship were evaluated in 610 children and adolescents (12.17 ± 4.19 years, 50.9% girls) with type 1 diabetes who visited via video-conferencing or in person during the COVID-19 pandemic., Results: No differences were found between video consultations and in-person visits in terms of care satisfaction (p > .05), doctor-patient relationship-for the dimensions agreement on tasks (p = .506) and bond (p = .828)-as perceived by parents and physician empathy as perceived by patients (p = .096). Parents rated patient-doctor agreement on explicit goals of treatment higher in video consultation than in person (p = .009, d = .211). Agreement on goals (β =  - .180, p = .016) and bond with doctor (β =  - .160, p = .034) were negatively and significantly associated with HbA1c values, but only in participants who visited in person., Conclusions: Parents' care satisfaction and perceptions of doctor-patient relationship, along with patients' perceptions of physician empathy, did not substantially differ between visits carried out in person or via video consultations. Given the high risk of psychological problems described in young people with diabetes, video consultation can be considered a useful opportunity to maintain access to a healthcare provider in a challenging time, such as the COVID-19 pandemic., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Published
2022
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34. Comparison of emotional approaches of medical doctors against COVID-19 pandemic: Eastern and Western Mediterranean countries.

Author

Ozen G, Zanfardino A, Ozen G, Acan B, Piscopo A, Casaburo F, Gicchino F, Confetto S, Troncone A, and Iafusco D

Subjects
Aged, Anxiety, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Pandemics prevention & control, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Physicians
Abstract

Background: Pandemics are states of disease that occur worldwide and sharply increase in populations. It causes life events which trigger anxiety, depression, anger, sleep deprivation, emotional distress and stress. World Health Organization (WHO) declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic on March 11, pointing to the over 118,000 cases in over 110 countries. Many healthcare workers became ill during the pandemic and some among them died. In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare level of stress against COVID-19 pandemic among doctors from Turkey and Italy., Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study in which Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS) are administered online via social networks. All data collection tools were delivered to individuals between 1 and 15 June 2020 and filled in online with Google Forms application. In total, 618 individuals were included in this study and all of them were medical doctors., Results: Higher PS and STS levels were found related to female gender, being married, working in pandemic hospital and older ages. Stress levels were found statistically higher in Turkish doctors when compared to Italian doctors for both stress scales (Turkish/Italian PSS:20.18 ± 7.90/ 19.35 ± 6.71, STSS: 44.19 ± 13.29/ 38.83 ± 13.74)., Conclusion: The number of doctors per 1000 of population is lower and per capita visits to a physician are higher in Turkey when compared to Italy. Besides pandemic, these heavier working conditions, increased weekly working hours can cause stress for Turkish doctors. Reporting information such this study is important and international collaborations are essential to plan future prevention strategies. We need to strengthen international ties and build more international collaborations rather than staying within our national silos. Additionally, interventions to promote mental well-being in health care professionals exposed to COVID-19 need to be immediately implemented., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2021
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35. Acute Kidney Injury and Renal Tubular Damage in Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Onset.

Author

Marzuillo P, Iafusco D, Zanfardino A, Guarino S, Piscopo A, Casaburo F, Capalbo D, Ventre M, Arienzo MR, Cirillo G, De Luca Picione C, Esposito T, Montaldo P, Di Sessa A, and Miraglia Del Giudice E

Subjects
Acute Kidney Injury etiology, Child, Diabetic Ketoacidosis etiology, Diabetic Ketoacidosis physiopathology, Female, Humans, Kidney Tubules physiopathology, Lipocalin-2 urine, Male, Phosphates urine, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Recovery of Function, beta 2-Microglobulin urine, Acute Kidney Injury epidemiology, Acute Kidney Injury physiopathology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 complications, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 physiopathology
Abstract

Context: Acute kidney injury (AKI) and renal tubular damage (RTD), especially if complicated by acute tubular necrosis (ATN), could increase the risk of later chronic kidney disease. No prospective studies on AKI and RTD in children with type1diabetes mellitus (T1DM) onset are available., Objectives: To evaluate the AKI and RTD prevalence and their rate and timing of recovery in children with T1DM onset., Design: Prospective study., Settings and Patients: 185 children were followed up after 14 days from T1DM onset. The patients who did not recover from AKI/RTD were followed-up 30 and 60 days later., Main Outcome Measures: AKI was defined according to the KDIGO criteria. RTD was defined by abnormal urinary beta-2-microglobulin and/or neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and/or tubular reabsorption of phosphate < 85% and/or fractional excretion of Na (FENa) > 2%. ATN was defined by RTD+AKI, prerenal (P)-AKI by AKI+FENa < 1%, and acute tubular damage (ATD) by RTD without AKI., Results: Prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and AKI were 51.4% and 43.8%, respectively. Prevalence of AKI in T1DM patients with and without DKA was 65.2% and 21.1%, respectively; 33.3% reached AKI stage 2, and 66.7% of patients reached AKI stage 1. RTD was evident in 136/185 (73.5%) patients (32.4% showed ATN; 11.4%, P-AKI; 29.7%, ATD). All patients with DKA or AKI presented with RTD. The physiological and biochemical parameters of AKI and RTD were normal again in all patients. The former within 14 days and the latter within 2months., Conclusions: Most patients with T1DM onset may develop AKI and/or RTD, especially if presenting with DKA. Over time the physiological and biochemical parameters of AKI/RTD normalize in all patients., (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Published
2021
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36. Differences between transient neonatal diabetes mellitus subtypes can guide diagnosis and therapy.

Author

Bonfanti R, Iafusco D, Rabbone I, Diedenhofen G, Bizzarri C, Patera PI, Reinstadler P, Costantino F, Calcaterra V, Iughetti L, Savastio S, Favia A, Cardella F, Lo Presti D, Girtler Y, Rabbiosi S, D'Annunzio G, Zanfardino A, Piscopo A, Casaburo F, Pintomalli L, Russo L, Grasso V, Minuto N, Mucciolo M, Novelli A, Marucci A, Piccini B, Toni S, Silvestri F, Carrera P, Rigamonti A, Frontino G, Trada M, Tinti D, Delvecchio M, Rapini N, Schiaffini R, Mammì C, and Barbetti F

Subjects
Datasets as Topic, Diagnosis, Differential, Diagnostic Techniques, Endocrine standards, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Italy, Male, Mutation, Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying genetics, Remission Induction methods, Retrospective Studies, Sulfonylurea Receptors genetics, Diabetes Mellitus classification, Diabetes Mellitus congenital, Diabetes Mellitus diagnosis, Diabetes Mellitus genetics, Diabetes Mellitus therapy, Infant, Newborn, Diseases classification, Infant, Newborn, Diseases diagnosis, Infant, Newborn, Diseases genetics, Infant, Newborn, Diseases therapy
Abstract

Objective: Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM) is caused by activating mutations in ABCC8 and KCNJ11 genes (KATP/TNDM) or by chromosome 6q24 abnormalities (6q24/TNDM). We wanted to assess whether these different genetic aetiologies result in distinct clinical features., Design: Retrospective analysis of the Italian data set of patients with TNDM., Methods: Clinical features and treatment of 22 KATP/TNDM patients and 12 6q24/TNDM patients were compared., Results: Fourteen KATP/TNDM probands had a carrier parent with abnormal glucose values, four patients with 6q24 showed macroglossia and/or umbilical hernia. Median age at diabetes onset and birth weight were lower in patients with 6q24 (1 week; -2.27 SD) than those with KATP mutations (4.0 weeks; -1.04 SD) (P = 0.009 and P = 0.007, respectively). Median time to remission was longer in KATP/TNDM than 6q24/TNDM (21.5 weeks vs 12 weeks) (P = 0.002). Two KATP/TNDM patients entered diabetes remission without pharmacological therapy. A proband with the ABCC8/L225P variant previously associated with permanent neonatal diabetes entered 7-year long remission after 1 year of sulfonylurea therapy. Seven diabetic individuals with KATP mutations were successfully treated with sulfonylurea monotherapy; four cases with relapsing 6q24/TNDM were treated with insulin, metformin or combination therapy., Conclusions: If TNDM is suspected, KATP genes should be analyzed first with the exception of patients with macroglossia and/or umbilical hernia. Remission of diabetes without pharmacological therapy should not preclude genetic analysis. Early treatment with sulfonylurea may induce long-lasting remission of diabetes in patients with KATP mutations associated with PNDM. Adult patients carrying KATP/TNDM mutations respond favourably to sulfonylurea monotherapy.

Published
2021
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37. Theoretical Modeling for the Thermal Stability of Solid Targets in a Positron-Driven Muon Collider.

Author

Cesarini G, Antonelli M, Anulli F, Bauce M, Biagini ME, Blanco-García OR, Boscolo M, Casaburo F, Cavoto G, Ciarma A, Collamati F, Daout C, Li Voti R, and Variola A

Abstract

A future multi-TeV muon collider requires new ideas to tackle the problems of muon production, accumulation and acceleration. In the Low EMittance Muon Accelerator concept a 45 GeV positron beam, stored in an accumulation ring with high energy acceptance and low angular divergence, is extracted and driven to a target system in order to produce muon pairs near the kinematic threshold. However, this scheme requires an intensity of the impinging positron beam so high that the energy dissipation and the target maintenance are crucial aspects to be investigated. Both peak temperature rises and thermomechanical shocks are related to the beam spot size at the target for a given material: these aspects are setting a lower bound on the beam spot size itself. The purpose of this paper is to provide a fully theoretical approach to predict the temperature increase, the thermal gradients, and the induced thermomechanical stress on targets, generated by a sequence of 45 GeV positron bunches. A case study is here presented for Beryllium and Graphite targets. We first discuss the Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the heat deposited on the targets after a single bunch of 3 × 10 11 positrons for different beam sizes. Then a theoretical model is developed to simulate the temperature increase of the targets subjected to very fast sequences of positron pulses, over different timescales, from ps regime to hundreds of seconds. Finally a simple approach is provided to estimate the induced thermomechanical stresses in the target, together with simple criteria to be fulfilled (i.e., Christensen safety factor) to prevent the crack formation mechanism., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors declared that there is no conflict of interest., (© The Author(s) 2021.)

Published
2021
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38. Disordered eating behaviors in youths with type 1 diabetes during COVID-19 lockdown: an exploratory study.

Author

Troncone A, Chianese A, Zanfardino A, Cascella C, Piscopo A, Borriello A, Rollato S, Casaburo F, Testa V, and Iafusco D

Abstract

Background: Recent research indicates that patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at higher risk for disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) than their peers without diabetes. The present study aimed to explore the prevalence of DEBs in a sample of Italian children and adolescents with T1D and in matched-pair healthy controls during the COVID-19 lockdown., Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 138 children and adolescents with T1D (aged 8.01-19.11 years, 65 boys) attending a Southern Italian diabetic service and 276 age- and gender-matched healthy peers voluntarily completed an online survey about eating behaviors (ChEAT and EAT-26), anthropometric characteristics, and clinical characteristics., Results: 8.69% (N = 12) of participants with T1D and 13.4% (N = 37) of controls had ChEAT/EAT-26 scores indicating presence of DEBs, with no differences between patients-whether children (total ChEAT score F(1, 157) = .104, p = .748) or adolescents (total EAT-26 score F(1, 255) = .135, p = .731)-and healthy peers. zBMI values were lower than those measured in the latest diabetes visit (p < .0001), while HbA1c values remained unchanged (p = .110). In both groups, adolescents had lower Oral Control scores than children (T1D: F(1, 138) = 20.411, p < .0001, η 2  = .132, controls: F(1, 276) = 18.271, p < .0001, η 2  = .063); additionally, gender (female) and age were found to be significant predictors of several ChEAT/EAT-26 scores., Conclusions: This exploratory study suggested that children and adolescents with T1D did not experience more DEB symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown compared to healthy controls. Results revealed DEBs as more of a female adolescent developmental issue rather than a result of the challenges of living with a chronic illness under quarantine measures. Possible effects of parental pressure on their children's eating behaviors in the context of home confinement and of using a non-diabetes-specific measure to assess DEBs are discussed.

Published
2020
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39. Body Image Problems and Disordered Eating Behaviors in Italian Adolescents With and Without Type 1 Diabetes: An Examination With a Gender-Specific Body Image Measure.

Author

Troncone A, Cascella C, Chianese A, Zanfardino A, Piscopo A, Borriello A, Casaburo F, Del Giudice EM, and Iafusco D

Abstract

Objective: To examine body image problems and their associations with disordered eating behavior in adolescents with type 1 diabetes and well-matched healthy peers., Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, 183 adolescents with type 1 diabetes (13.02-18.05 years) were recruited from diabetes centers in southern Italy and compared to healthy peers matched for age and gender. Participants completed self-report measures of disordered eating behaviors (DEPS-r and EDI-3RF) and a gender-specific body image problem questionnaire (SATAQ-4R). Socio-demographic and clinical data (zBMI, HbA1c, and disease duration) were also collected. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses were computed to determine the relative importance of diabetes variables and body image problems on participants' disordered eating behaviors after controlling for demographic variables., Results: Adolescents with type 1 diabetes showed diabetes-specific eating problems in 37.7% of cases and had more eating problem symptoms (assessed as drive for thinness and bulimia) than healthy peers. Male adolescents with type 1 diabetes did not display more body image problems ( p > 0.05); females with type 1 diabetes compared to females in the control group were found to be more pressured by family ( p = 0.025) but less by media ( p = 0.022) to improve their appearance and attain a thin body. zBMI and body image problems contributed to a significant increase in disordered eating behavior risk both in male and female adolescents with diabetes and in healthy peers (zBMI 0.213 < β < 0.426, p < 0.05; body image 0.243 < β < 0.572, p < 0.05). None of the variables analyzed were found to significantly predict male bulimic symptoms (all β < 0.296, p > 0.05)., Conclusion: Since in adolescence type 1 diabetes and insulin therapy may increase the risk of weight gain and promote focus and attention on the body and thus contribute to the development of body image problems and disordered eating behaviors, continuity of medical, nutritional, and psychological care is needed., (Copyright © 2020 Troncone, Cascella, Chianese, Zanfardino, Piscopo, Borriello, Casaburo, del Giudice and Iafusco.)

Published
2020
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40. Congenital diabetes mellitus.

Author

Iafusco D, Zanfardino A, Bonfanti R, Rabbone I, Tinto N, Iafusco F, Meola S, Gicchino MF, Ozen G, Casaburo F, Piscopo A, Miraglia Del Giudice E, and Barbetti F

Subjects
Blood Glucose analysis, Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Mellitus classification, Diabetes Mellitus drug therapy, Diabetes Mellitus genetics, Germinal Center Kinases genetics, Humans, Hyperglycemia, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Small for Gestational Age blood, Insulin therapeutic use, Mutation, Rare Diseases classification, Rare Diseases complications, Rare Diseases drug therapy, Sulfonylurea Compounds therapeutic use, Diabetes Mellitus congenital, Rare Diseases congenital
Abstract

Congenital diabetes mellitus is a rare disorder characterized by hyperglycemia that occurs shortly after birth. We define "Diabetes of Infancy" if hyperglycemia onset before 6 months of life. From the clinical point of view, we distinguish two main types of diabetes of infancy: transient (TNDM), which remits spontaneously, and permanent (PNDM), which requires lifelong treatment. TNDM may relapse later in life. About 50% of cases are transient (TNDM) and 50% permanent. Clinical manifestations include severe intrauterine growth retardation, hyperglycemia and dehydration. A wide range of different associated clinical signs including facial dysmorphism, deafness and neurological, cardiac, kidney or urinary tract anomalies are reported. Developmental delay and learning difficulties may also be observed. In this paper we review all the causes of congenital diabetes and all genes and syndromes involved in this pathology. The discovery of the pathogenesis of most forms of congenital diabetes has made it possible to adapt the therapy to the diagnosis and in the forms of alteration of the potassium channels of the pancreatic Beta cells the switch from insulin to glibenclamide per os has greatly improved the quality of life. Congenital diabetes, although it is a very rare form, has been at the must of research in recent years especially for pathogenesis and pharmacogenetics. The most striking difference compared to the more frequent autoimmune diabetes in children (type 1 diabetes) is the possibility of treatment with hypoglycemic agents and the apparent lower frequency of chronic complications.

Published
2020
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42. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in preschool children: butt or tummy, which is the best infusion set site?

Author

Zanfardino A, Iafusco D, Piscopo A, Cocca A, Villano P, Confetto S, Caredda E, Picariello S, Russo L, Casaburo F, Rollato AS, Forgione E, Zuccotti G, Prisco F, and Scaramuzza AE

Subjects
Area Under Curve, Blood Glucose metabolism, Body Mass Index, Child, Preschool, Cross-Over Studies, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin metabolism, Humans, Male, Skin Absorption, Treatment Outcome, Abdomen, Buttocks, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 drug therapy, Hypoglycemic Agents administration & dosage, Injections, Subcutaneous methods, Insulin administration & dosage
Abstract

Background: Choosing the right infusion set site can be an important factor in obtaining good glycemic control, especially in very young children. In an attempt to identify the best infusion site, we performed a crossover study in six preschool children with type 1 diabetes using insulin pump therapy., Subjects and Methods: We enrolled six patients 5.2±0.7 years old (range, 4-6 years), with type 1 diabetes for more than 1.5 years, using insulin pump therapy for at least 6 months. For each patient, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, and all data downloaded from the system were evaluated on two occasions: the first with the infusion set placed on the buttock and the second on the abdomen, each for 3 days. The order of infusion set placement was randomized. Mean capillary blood glucose, mean continuous glycemia, mean area under the curve (AUC) using the trapezoidal rule for both >140 mg/dL and <70 mg/dL, insulin daily dose, carbohydrate/insulin ratio, total basal insulin, total bolus insulin, and mean amplitude of glucose excursions (MAGE) were evaluated., Results: Mean glycemic values, mean AUC >140 mg/dL, and MAGE were significantly lower when the infusion set was placed on the buttock versus the abdomen (144.6±31.9 mg/dL vs. 166.0±34.8 mg/dL [P=0.000], 28.4±18.3% vs. 48.8±28.2% [P=0.000], and 32±10 vs. 60±15 mg/dL [P<0.001], respectively), whereas mean AUC <70 mg/dL was higher (1.47±2.77% vs. 0.87±1.03% [P<0.001])., Conclusions: The present findings suggest that preschool children with type 1 diabetes using insulin pump therapy could benefit from inserting the infusion set in the buttock instead of the abdomen.

Published
2014
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