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Realizamos pesquisa que teve como objetivo geral conhecer os sentidos da atenção ao parto, construídos por profissionais de saúde que atenderam mulheres estrangeiras em um hospital maternidade do município de São Paulo. Acessamos 1248 Declarações de Nascidos Vivos de filhos de estrangeiras produzidas em 2012 e realizamos entrevistas com 10 profissionais de saúde. Os resultados indicam que no período estudado 20% dos partos foram de estrangeiras, sendo 85% bolivianas. Temas que surgiram nas entrevistas: as contradições do país onde não há discriminação; a língua como aproximação e barreira; a submissão das mulheres bolivianas e as diferenças culturais no parto

Since the global restrictions on antibiotics in poultry systems, there has been a growing demand for natural and sustainable feed additives for disease prevention and poultry nutrition. This study evaluated the effects of incorporating sugarcane bagasse (SCB) lignin into broiler chicken diets. The performance of the chickens, including body weight, feed intake, and mortality, as well as intestinal histomorphometry, and cecum content pH, microbiota, and volatile fatty acids were assessed. In addition, we also aimed to validate an in vitro gastrointestinal tract (GIT) model developed by Carvalho et al. (2023). One hundred and eight 1-day-old Ross 308 chicks were randomly and equally divided into two groups. The first group was fed a basal diet (BD group), while the second group was fed a basal diet supplemented with 1% (w/w) SCB lignin (BD + SCB lignin group) for 36 days. The in vivo conditions of the chicken GIT were replicated in an in vitro model. In the in vivo study, SCB lignin increased cecum acetate and butyrate levels while reducing Bifidobacterium and Enterobacteriaceae, without affecting productivity (body weight, feed intake, and mortality). The in vitro assessment reflected microbiota trends observed in vivo, although without statistical significance. The divergence in organic acid production between the in vivo and in vitro conditions likely resulted from issues with inoculum preparation. This study demonstrates that SCB lignin incorporation positively influences cecal microbiota composition without impacting the animals' productivity and physiology, suggesting its potential as a functional feed additive. For a more reliable in vitro model, adjustments in inoculum preparation are necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Featured Application: Chaves thermal spring water, due to its potential anti-inflammatory and antipollution properties, has the potential to be incorporated into a cosmetic formulation. Since ancient times, thermal spring water has been proven to be beneficial to the skin and to improving dermatologic disorders, explaining its incorporation into cosmetic formulations as an active ingredient. Chaves thermal spring water, from northern Portugal, has been used as a local spa since Roman times, and its customers are satisfied with its medicinal quality. Despite the lack of published evidence on its specific effects on the skin, this study evaluates the potential of using Chaves thermal water as a cosmetic ingredient. The physiochemical composition demonstrated that Chaves thermal spring water is low-mineralized water, and its major components are sodium, potassium, silicon, and calcium. In vitro experiments demonstrated that this low mineralization might explain the absence of antioxidant and antiaging potential, and the maintenance of collagen and fibronectin levels. The quantification of the IL-6 levels showed that Chaves thermal spring water could be used as an anti-inflammatory product, suggesting its use by individuals with skin diseases. In agreement with this result, in vivo experiments revealed that Chaves thermal spring water improved the integrity of the skin barrier and preserved the skin microbial community. Overall, the present work suggests that Chaves thermal spring water might be used as a cosmetic product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study addresses the intersection of education, technology, and citizenship in pursuing a more just and participatory society. Drawing upon the ideas of Florestan Fernandes, Paulo Freire, and Roberto DaMatta, the relevance of education as a tool for social change, liberation, and awareness of oppressive structures is highlighted. The digital age brings challenges and opportunities to forming engaged and critical digital citizens. Integrating these ideas with technological possibilities allows us to promote a transformative education, empowering students as change agents in a more equitable society. Overcoming the digital divide and providing adequate training for educators is vital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A chicken gastrointestinal tract (GIT) simulation model was developed to help predict the potential effects of feed additives supplementation on chicken' microbiota. The chemical and enzymatic conditions for oral, gastric, intestinal, and cecum fermentation phases were designed to closely resemble the chicken GIT conditions. For cecum fermentation, the inoculum was obtained from the cecal contents of 18 38-day broiler chickens. The impact of inoculum preservation on bacteria viability was assessed by comparing two methods of preservation with fresh inoculum: (1) 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at −80 °C and (2) 30% glycerol at −20 °C. The fermentation with fresh and frozen (DMSO method) inoculums was performed and compared using standard chicken feed (SCF) and SCF with 1% fructooligosaccharides (FOS), and inoculum control (IC) condition without feed matrix was used as a baseline. Inoculum's viability was assessed throughout 90 days of storage by culture media platting, while bacterial growth and metabolites production during fermentation was evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and total ammonia nitrogen quantification. The DMSO method was shown to be the most suitable for cecal inoculum storage. Higher growth of beneficial cecal bacteria for fresh inoculum was observed in SCF while for frozen inoculum, was the SCF + FOS condition. Also, frozen inoculum had lower activity of butyrate producers and proteolytic bacteria, showing different fermentation profiles. The GIT model developed showed to be useful to test the effect of feed additives supplementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]