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The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is undertaking a strategy to lessen the potential impact of the loss of low-Earth orbit satellite observations, which are central to NOAA’s weather forecast capability. This strategy leverages mature CubeSat technology funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and purchases commercially available CubeSat-based radio occultation data. In 2017 NOAA may begin development of the Earth Observing Nanosatellite – Microwave (EON-MW). EON-MW is a miniature microwave sounder that approximates the atmospheric profiling capabilities of the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) instrument on the NOAA Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS). NOAA is collaborating with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Lincoln Laboratory (MIT/LL) on EON-MW. NOAA is also looking to reduce the impact of a loss of data from the infrared sounder on JPSS with a CubeSat-based infrared sounder. NOAA is collaborating with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) to design the Earth Observing Nanosatellite-Infrared (EON-IR). NOAA is seeking to quantify the value of these CubeSat-based observations by performing observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs). Both the technology development and OSSEs will help NOAA build a more cost-effective future satellite observing system that incorporates a faster infusion of new technology.

Assessment of cell viability during NFκB and proteasome inhibitor treatment. A standard colorimetric MTT assay was used to assess cell viability following treatment with different concentrations of the NFκB inhibitors employed in our study. (A) Cells were exposed to high concentrations (10, 50, 100 µM) of MG132, BAY 11-7082, NBP, and SN50 for 24 hours. (B) Cell viability was determined using an extended concentration curve (shown in µM) and multiple time points (2, 6, 24 hours) for BAY 11-7082, NBP, SN50, bortezomib and PR-957. Data are representative of 1-2 separate experiments performed in duplicate or triplicate. Each dot represents an individual well. Percent viability was calculated as (sample absorbance/untreated absorbance)*100. (PDF 116 kb)

Representative NMO serum pool. NMO patient sera were pooled from 5 males and 36 females ranging in age from 14 to 79, with a median age of 48. (PDF 37.4 kb)

A collection of folklore and local history stories from Gort an tSiúrdáin (school) (Gortjordan, Co. Mayo), collected as part of the Schools' Folklore Scheme, 1937-1938 under the supervision of teacher Seán Ó Módhráin., Scéalta / Phroindargás, Bríghid Ní -- Scéal / Phroindargás, Bríghid Ní -- Scéal / Phroindargás, Bríghid Ní -- Scéal / Phroindargás, Bríghid Ní -- Scéal / Phroindargás, Bríghid Ní -- Scéal / Oileán, Íde Ní -- Scéal / Oileán, Íde Ní -- Scéal - Baile Mháirtín / Oileán, Íde Ní -- Scéal / Oileán, Íde Ní -- Scéal / Oileán, Íde Ní -- Scéal / Ruaidhrí, Maighréad Nic -- Scéal / Bhraonáin, Áine Ní -- Scéal / Bhraonáin, Áine Ní -- Scéal / Ríann, Máire Ní -- Scéal / Mháille, Bríghid Ní -- Scéal faoin Leipreachán / Murchadha, Máire Ní -- Scéal / Flannabhra, Pádhraic Ó -- Scéal / Flannabhra, Pádhraic Ó -- Scéal / Murchadha, Pádhraic Ó -- Scéal / Mocháin, Dáithe Ó -- Scéal / Caomhánaigh, Pádhraic Ó -- Scéal / Suibhne, Micheál Mac -- Scéal / Suibhne, Micheál Ó -- Scéal / Ruaidhin, Seosaimhin Ní -- Scéal / Mháille, Bríghid Ní -- Scéal / Éanacháin, Máire Ní -- Story / Brennan, Christina -- Story / Brennan, Christina -- Story / Brennan, Christina -- Story / Brennan, Annie -- Duel / Brennan, Annie -- Story / Ryan, Josie -- Story / Ryan, Josie -- Story / Ryan, Josie -- Story / Ryan, Mary -- Story / Ryan, Mary -- Story / Ryan, Mary -- Recitation / Ryan, Mary -- Story / Ryan, Mary -- Story / Ryan, Mary -- Story / Ryan, Mary -- Story / Keady, Brigid -- Story / Keady, Brigid -- Story / Keady, Brigid -- Story / Hyland, Ita -- Story / Rodgers, Margaret -- Story / Rodgers, Margaret -- Story / Rogers, Margaret -- Story / Rodgers, Margaret -- Story / Rodgers, Margaret -- Story / Hynes, Mary -- Story / Glynn, Patrick -- Story / Murphy, Paddy -- Story / Murphy, Paddy -- Story / Murphy, Paddy -- Story / Murphy, Paddy -- Story / Ryan, Mary -- Story / Ryan, Mary -- Story / Malley, Brigid -- Story / Murphy, Mary -- Seán na Sagart / Murphy, Mary -- Old Church / Ryan, Mary -- Old Castle / Ryan, Mary -- Blessed Well / Brennan, Annie -- Signs of the Weather / Brennan, Annie -- Holy Well / Moughan, David -- Tobar Beannaithe / Búrca, Máighréad a' -- Blessed Well / Murphy, Mary -- Fort / Glynn, Patrick -- Lios / Glynn, Patrick -- Comharthaí Aimsire / Oileán, Íte Ní -- Leigheasanna / Walsh, Michael -- Seanchas faoin Aimsir / Proindargás, Bríghid Ní -- Cures / Kavanagh, Patrick -- Holy Well / Moughan, Redmond -- Marriages / Flannery, Paddy -- Story / Sweeney, Michael -- Old Customs / Sweeney, Michael -- My Grandfather's History / Sweeney, Michael -- Story / Moughan, David -- Cures / Moughan, David -- Old Forges / Moughan, David -- Seanchas faoin Aimsir / Oileán, Íde Ní -- Marriages / Rodgers, Margaret -- Holy Well / Kavanagh, Patrick -- Old Forges / Kavanagh, Patrick -- Smiths and Forges / Murphy, Mary -- Seanchas / Céidigh, Pádhraic Mac -- Seanchas / Keady, Paddy -- Old Rules / Keady, Paddy -- Tobar Beannaithe / Riain, Máire Ní -- Forges / Ryan, Mary -- Smiths and Forges / Brennan, Annie -- Forges / Walsh, Mary -- Holy Well / Heneghan, Paddy -- Smith / Ryan, James -- Farm Animals / Butler, Martain -- Lios / Butler, Martain -- Seanfhocla / Burke, Margaret -- Old Forges / Moughan, David -- Smiths and Forges / Murphy, Mary -- Blessed Well / Murphy, Mary -- Lord Kilmaine / Murphy, Mary -- Pisreogacht / Murphy, Mary -- Story / Moughan, Reamonn -- Marriages / Moughan, Reamonn -- Leigheasanna / Walsh, Michael -- Ceárta / Mháille, Brighid Ní -- Signs of Rain / Walsh, Michael -- My Father's Oul' Caubeen / Walsh, Michael -- Forge / Sweeney, Michael -- Recitation / Sweeney, Michael -- Seanfhoclaí / Hyland, Ita -- Brian O'Lyann / Walsh, Mary -- My Dudeen Made of Clay / Walsh, Mary -- Cunga / Oileán, Íde Ní -- Story / Proindargás, Bríghid Ní -- A Story / Burke, Margaret -- Story / Glynn, Patrick -- Story / Glynn, Patrick -- Story / Glynn, Patrick -- Story / Glynn, Patrick -- Story / Glynn, Patrick -- Maamtrasna Murder / Glynn, Patrick -- Landlords and Bailiffs / Keady, Brigid -- Landlords / Búrca, Maighréad a' -- Story / Ryan, Mary -- Story / Glynn, Patrick -- Landlords / Hyland, Ita -- Landlords / Brennan, Annie -- Landlords / Prendergast, Bridget -- Landlords / Moughan, David -- Prayer / Ryan, Mary -- Landlord / Keady, Brigid -- Prayer / Keady, Brigid -- Prayer / Keady, Brigid -- Scéal / Flannabhra, Pádhraic Ó -- Landlord / Flannery, Paddy -- Prayer / Flannery, Paddy -- Landlords and Bailiffs / Kavanagh, Patrick -- Prayer / Ryan, Josie -- Prayer / Glynn, Paddy -- Clothing / Murphy, Mary -- Landlords / Sweeney, Michael -- Story / Heneghan, Patrick -- Prayer / Butler, Martin -- Prayer / Rodgers, Margaret -- Landlords / Rodgers, Margaret -- Clothing / Murphy, Mary -- Clothing / Moughan, David -- Clothing / Sweeney, Michael -- Story / Glynn, Patrick -- Holy Wells / Moughan, David -- Story / Caulfield, Margaret -- Story / Hyland, Ita -- Story / Burke, Margaret -- Story / Burke, Margaret -- A Story / Burke, Margaret -- Story / Oileán, Íde Ní -- Cures / Brennan, Criss -- Cures / Flannery, Paddy -- Story / Malley, Brigid -- Arthur Browne / Butler, Martin -- Cure / Caulfield, Margaret -- Story / Ryan, Mary -- Story / Glynn, Paddy -- Saint Patrick / Brennan, Criss -- Story / Gloinn, Pádhraic Mac -- Story / Glynn, Paddy -- Story / Hyland, Ita -- Old Song / Sweeney, Michael -- Rausakeera / Ryan, Mary -- Story / Cavanagh, Patrick -- Story / Kavanagh, Patrick -- Gobán Saor / Brennan, Chriss, Supported by funding from the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (Ireland), University College Dublin, and the National Folklore Foundation (Fondúireacht Bhéaloideas Éireann), 2014-2016.

Astrocyte responses are independent of NMO serum pool provenence. Historical results generated using multiple different pools of NMO patient serum indicate that the NFκB response and chemokine production triggered by NMO IgG stimulation are not restricted to a specific NMO patient pool. Astrocytes were stimulated for 60 min with 100 µg/mL purified CON IgG (A) or NMO IgG (B) from serum pools prepared in 2012 (see Table S1). Only the NMO IgG induced nuclear localization of NFκB. Green = NFκB; red = GFAP. (C) Comparison of CCL5 release from astrocytes, as assessed by ELISA, following stimulation with pooled serum prepared in 2013 (see Table S1) or IgG purified from these pools. Only NMO serum and purified NMO IgG induced CCL5 production above untreated (UNT) levels. (D) The impact of proteasome inhibition (MG-132) and NFκB inhibition (BAY 11-7082) on CCL2 production in response to stimulation with NMO IgG purified from a 2014 NMO serum pool (see Table S1). (E) Evidence of IκB phosphorylation at 45 and 60 min after treatment with NMO IgG purified from a 2012 NMO patient serum pool (see Table S1). Control IgG (CON) has no impact on IκB phosphorylation. By way of comparison, the majority of figures shown in the main manuscript are representative of treatments with serum pools prepared in 2014 and 2015. (PDF 276 kb)

Astrocyte responses are independent of NMO serum pool provenence. Historical results generated using multiple different pools of NMO patient serum indicate that the NFκB response and chemokine production triggered by NMO IgG stimulation are not restricted to a specific NMO patient pool. Astrocytes were stimulated for 60 min with 100 µg/mL purified CON IgG (A) or NMO IgG (B) from serum pools prepared in 2012 (see Table S1). Only the NMO IgG induced nuclear localization of NFκB. Green = NFκB; red = GFAP. (C) Comparison of CCL5 release from astrocytes, as assessed by ELISA, following stimulation with pooled serum prepared in 2013 (see Table S1) or IgG purified from these pools. Only NMO serum and purified NMO IgG induced CCL5 production above untreated (UNT) levels. (D) The impact of proteasome inhibition (MG-132) and NFκB inhibition (BAY 11-7082) on CCL2 production in response to stimulation with NMO IgG purified from a 2014 NMO serum pool (see Table S1). (E) Evidence of IκB phosphorylation at 45 and 60 min after treatment with NMO IgG purified from a 2012 NMO patient serum pool (see Table S1). Control IgG (CON) has no impact on IκB phosphorylation. By way of comparison, the majority of figures shown in the main manuscript are representative of treatments with serum pools prepared in 2014 and 2015. (PDF 276 kb)

Table S1. NMO serum pools used in this study. (PDF 28.4 kb)

Control sera were pooled from age- and sex-matched donors. (PDF 37.9 kb)

Table S1. NMO serum pools used in this study. (PDF 28.4 kb)

Control sera were pooled from age- and sex-matched donors. (PDF 37.9 kb)

The rs6265 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the gene for brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a common variant that alters therapeutic outcomes for individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). We previously investigated the effects of this SNP on the experimental therapeutic approach of neural grafting, demonstrating that young adult parkinsonian rats carrying the variant Met allele exhibited enhanced graft function compared to wild-type rats, and also exclusively developed aberrant graft-induced dyskinesias (GID). Aging is the primary risk factor for PD and reduces graft efficacy. Here we investigated whether aging interacts with this SNP to further alter cell transplantation outcomes. We hypothesized that aging would dampen enhancement of graft function associated with this genetic variant and exacerbate GID in all grafted subjects. Unexpectedly, beneficial graft function was maintained in aged rs6265 subjects. However, aging was permissive to GID induction, regardless of genotype, with the greatest incidence and severity found in rs6265 expressing animals.