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Networking is an articulation and exchange strategy between institutions that decide to bond and associate efforts, experiences and knowledge to reach common objectives. The participation of teachers of the School of Veterinary Sciences of the National University of La Pampa in networks with representatives of the health and education sectors, municipal organisms and NGOs, among others, allowed to generate different extension proposals based on health promotion. Dialogue, communication and construction spaces were created between the university and the community. The objective of this article is to describe linkage activities between the School above mentioned and the community through networking in health promotion. Fifty two meetings in different regions took place and fifty five community activities were organized, which included thirty eight workshops aimed at different actors of the educational community, elders, pregnant women, and public in general and seventeen training activities, seminars, informative talks, active waiting rooms and scientific- technological publication. Different didactic materials were elaborated. Through the socio-environmental problems detected, three research projects were designed. This type of proposals based on networking and health promotion offer an opportunity to higher level institutions to develop their social function. Furthermore, they help teaching, research and extension articulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are multiple risk factors connected to children's environmental health among which in children under five years old the main causes of death are diarrhea, air contamination, pathologies, non-intentional physical trauma, vectorial and acute respiratory diseases, chemical and physical risks. Pet presence is intrinsically related to some of them. The objective of this work was to describe the environmental situation and prevalent diseases in children from the Veterinary Public Health point of view in the programmatic area of the Brown Health Center. A descriptive study was done between June and September 2011. Questionnaires were handed out from the public initial level establishments in the area and professionals, that work in the Center above mentioned, were interviewed. We asked about social demographic variables and the presence of possible risk factors for children's environmental health. From the 83 answers received from the responsible people of their homes, we obtained the following results: 89.15% of the answers came from women. More than 50% of the adult population is in school or has an elementary school level; occupational level is precarious in 56.63% of the population; there is overcrowding in 26.5% of the houses; there is 59.04% of smokers; in 74.4% of the homes interviewed they live with different pets from which 40.91% pay visits to the Veterinary Doctor. Plague presence in the area gave the following results: rodents: 21.70%; mosquitoes: 44.57%; bats: 15.66%; others: 18.07%. Neighborhood observations, interviews to professionals and teachers widened the information obtained and verified the poor health environment to which children are exposed. Implementation of diverse strategies from an interdisciplinary point of view, with community participation, are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Networking is an articulation and exchange strategy between institutions that decide to bond and associate efforts, experiences and knowledge to reach common objectives. The participation of teachers of the School of Veterinary Sciences of the National University of La Pampa in networks with representatives of the health and education sectors, municipal organisms and NGOs, among others, allowed to generate different extension proposals based on health promotion. Dialogue, communication and construction spaces were created between the university and the community. The objective of this article is to describe linkage activities between the School above mentioned and the community through networking in health promotion. Fifty two meetings in different regions took place and fifty five community activities were organized, which included thirty eight workshops aimed at different actors of the educational community, elders, pregnant women, and public in general and seventeen training activities, seminars, informative talks, active waiting rooms and scientific-technological publication. Different didactic materials were elaborated. Through the socio-environmental problems detected, three research projects were designed. This type of proposals based on networking and health promotion offer an opportunity to higher level institutions to develop their social function. Furthermore, they help teaching, research and extension articulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are multiple risk factors connected to children's environmental health among which in children under five years old the main causes of death are diarrhea, air contamination, pathologies, non-intentional physical trauma, vectorial and acute respiratory diseases, chemical and physical risks. Pet presence is intrinsically related to some of them. The objective of this work was to describe the environmental situation and prevalent diseases in children from the Veterinary Public Health point of view in the programmatic area of the Brown Health Center. A descriptive study was done between June and September 2011. Questionnaires were handed out from the public initial level establishments in the area and professionals, that work in the Center above mentioned, were interviewed. We asked about social demographic variables and the presence of possible risk factors for children's environmental health. From the 83 answers received from the responsible people of their homes, we obtained the following results: 89.15% of the answers came from women. More than 50% of the adult population is in school or has an elementary school level; occupational level is precarious in 56.63% of the population; there is overcrowding in 26.5% of the houses; there is 59.04% of smokers; in 74.4% of the homes interviewed they live with different pets from which 40.91% pay visits to the Veterinary Doctor. Plague presence in the area gave the following results: rodents: 21.70%; mosquitoes: 44.57%; bats: 15.66%; others: 18.07%. Neighborhood observations, interviews to professionals and teachers widened the information obtained and verified the poor health environment to which children are exposed. Implementation of diverse strategies from an interdisciplinary point of view, with community participation, are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food-borne diseases are a substantial cause of morbid-mortality and public health problem, producing illness until 20 to 50% of homes. The most vulnerable groups are young, aged, pregnant and immunecompromised people. The objective of the present work was to collect data related to food handling practices at homes and evaluate the impact on health. A descriptive study was conducted from April to July of 2011 in the Brown Health Centre Area of General Pico, La Pampa. The data was collected from a 134 questionnaires to people belonging to kindergarten pupil families, health workers, kindergarten teachers, parents and aged. The results were: 116 (86,5%) inadequate food handling practices, 96 (71,6%) poor hygiene, 57 (42,5%) deficient surface hygiene, 53 (39,5%) poor hygiene cutting board, 47 (35,0%) deficient hands wash, 38 (28,3%) inadequate reheated and 31 (23,1%) food conservation to inadequate temperature. The interviews evidenced not enough knowledge in the aged group about use of detergents, disinfectants, food conservation and not understanding the food packaging label. In conclusion, the healths of the people area were at risk. This study indicates the demand of generation of food safety information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trough the strategic planning it was done a situational diagnosis and a problematic analysis of the health system to implement a interventional project in the Brown Health Centre of the city of general Pico, La Pampa. The objectives were to analyze the characteristic of interventional scenario recognizing necessities, health problems and parts. It was selected as a health problem the lack of knowledge of the mechanisms of transmission and prevention of toxoplasmosis in puberty and fertile women. To sizing the problem a questionnaire was done to the selected population. As consequence was evidenced an ignorance of the women surveyed in relation to the form of transmission of toxoplasmosis, and 50% of the pregnant women did not have serum title against the disease turning them in a risk group. It was concluded that social cultural actions tending to spread the knowledge of causes and sources of the toxoplasmosis infection from an inter sectorial perspective and community participation was accurate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diseases caused by the Hantaan virus were known as Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome. In 1993 an outbreak caused by Hantavirus was diagnosed in the South West area of the EEUU, but with other characteristics, defining it as Pulmonar Syndrome for Hantavirus. This syndrome has been identified in differents areas of Argentine. One reservoir involved in the outbreak of the south of the country is in La Pampa. At this first phase, captures were made, rodents were sexed, weighed, identified, being found three individuals of sp Calomys laucha, which is supposed to be the reservoir of the outbreak in Paraguay. As well as this, samples were sent to ANLIS -- Malbran, being finally negative to hantavirus. During the year, captures will be continued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this trial was to evaluate the preventive effects of foot bath technique and immunization on interdigital necrobacillosis incidence in beef cattle grazing alfalfa pasture. The work was carried out in a farm with antecedents of high incidence of interdigital necrobacillosis (IN) and lasted from 10/10/98 until 03/15/99. Four hundreds Hereford steers were alloted to two groups of 200 animals: without foot bath (WFB) and with foot bath (FB). The food bath solution contained formaldehyde (2 % in water) and copper sulfate (2 % in water). The treatment was applied every 2 to 3 weaks. The bovines stayed 10 minutes in a concrete foot bath, with a 15-20 animals' capacity. In each group, 100 animals received two doses of a commercial vaccine against IN. Then, the four groups formed were: WFB-WV, WFB-V, FBWV and FBV. All groups grazed in the same parcel of pasture and were handled in the same facilities. The incidence of IN on each group was 14, 15, 3 y 5. The results of this trial was compared with the X² test and it was observed a statistically very significant effect (p<0.01) of foot bath treatment and a null effect of the vaccine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the tuberculin test is the official diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis, the existence of false positives and false negatives is recognized; then, the interest in environmental mycobacteria as responsible for interspecific reactions is established. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between the intradermal reaction used in the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis employing bovine and avian PPD with pathological and bacteriological findings and, on the other hand, assess the possible cross-reaction with environmental mycobacteria using PPD prepared with Mycobacterium fortuitum and M. phlei (PPDs) isolated from soils from La Pampa (Argentina). Fifty (50) bovines were inoculated in the neck with bovine and avian tuberculin and two sensitines made with two strains of environmental mycobacteria (M. fortuitum and M. phlei); 72 hs later the reading and the subsequent necropsy of positive reacting and two non- reacting animals for each positive bovine to any of the PPD were made. 6% of the animals reacted positively to bovine PPD, 2% reacted to the avian PPD and 16% did suspiciously to environmental mycobacteria. Of the 3 animals which reacted positively to bovine PPD, in two of them M. bovis was isolated and histopathological correlation was observed. No association in the diagnosis of intradermal reaction and in the parameters established by applying avian PPD was found. Although some animals displayed a mild suspicious reaction to environmental PPDs, both necropsy and histopathological and bacteriological studies showed no association with tuberculosis or mycobacteriosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary target of this study was to determine the level of individual elements protection use, in the diverse areas of work of the polled veterinarian in Argentine, as well as the ambient state of maintenance of work, related it to the frequency of pathologies displayed. The retrospective studies of the surveys made to veterinarians in professional exercise, during years 2003 to the 2006 inclusively, revealed events where injuries were taken place and labor diseases that affect workers quality of life. Activities like rectal tact, produced labor injuries in 11,5 % of the polled veterinarians, mainly due to traumas caused by animals. The acute Brucellosis was notified in 4,3 % of the total of received surveys, whereas 12,2 % were notified like chronic brucellosis. In this profession of risk, the development of strategies for diminishing labor dangers, sensitizing businessmen, professionals, students and workers from diverse sectors, is necessary to establish priorities in the use of elements of personal protection, the correct use of the material and work installations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cystic echinococcosis is endemic in the Rio Negro province of Argentina. After 30 years of control using praziquantel in dogs the transmission rate to humans and sheep has decreased significantly, however transmission persists. The objective of the study is to assess the impact of the inclusion of the EG95 vaccine for sheep in the control programme, including analysis of the vaccine's operative feasibility in field conditions. The vaccine was applied in an area comprising four communities of native people including 79 farms with 3146 lambs and 311 dogs in total. Seventy one farms were designated as control areas where no vaccinations were undertaken while vaccinations of lambs undertaken on 91 farms. Lambs received two vaccinations with the EG95 vaccine followed by a single booster injection when the animals were 1-1.5 years of age. Farm locations were defined using GPS coordinates for the houses. Evidence for Echinococcus granulosus transmission was monitored by coproantigen ELISA on samples of dog faeces, by E. granulosus-specific PCR using soil samples, and anti-E. granulosus antibody assessments in sera from 2 to 4 teeth lambs, purgation of dogs to detect E. granulosus worms and necropsy on adult sheep. Before the vaccine was introduced, 26.2% of sheep with 2-4 teeth were positive using ELISA/WB, the prevalence decreased to 7.8% at the third year following use of the vaccine. Necropsy of animals older than 6 years (not vaccinated) showed that 66.1% of animals were infected with E. granulosus. In dogs, 4% was found positive for E. granulosus using arecoline purgation and 24.7% of the farms were infected using coproELISA/WB. During the first year of vaccination 2721 lambs received the first vaccine dose and 2448 received a booster. In the second year 2138 lambs were initially vaccinated and 1745 received a booster, and 1308 animals received the third dose. During the third year 1110 lambs received the first dose from which 539 received a booster and 723 animals received the third dose. An analysis of advantages and limitations of the diagnostic techniques used and the ability of the geospatial analysis to detect risk area are included. Based in the immunodiagnostic techniques, the EG95 vaccine has been able to prevent the infection in animals up to 3 years old. Also, the difficulties in the field for the correct vaccine administration and the social features and habits that may impact on echinococcosis control are included in the analysis., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

In 2000 Guarnera et al. proposed using ELISA in canine faeces collected from the ground to detect dogs infected with Echinococcus granulosus, thus determining sheep farms with active transmission. The objective was to evaluate the prevalence of E. granulosus infection in sheep farms of the Patagonia. Sheep farms were randomly selected in the Provinces of Río Negro, Chubut, Neuquén, Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego (areas with control programs) and La Pampa (comparison area). From one to three samples of fecal matter were obtained for each sheep farm, which were processed by means of copro-ELISA test with confirmation of positive samples by copro-Western blot. A total of 1042 samples were obtained from 352 sheep farms, 26 (7.3%) proving positive. Of these 5 (6.3%) were from La Pampa, 9 (13.8%) from Neuquén, 4 (4.7%) from Río Negro, 2 (2.9%) from Chubut, 1 (5.9%) from Santa Cruz and 5 (13.9%) from Tierra del Fuego. The identification of parasitized dogs is an essential activity upon which rests the strategy of control and surveillance. Arecoline tests or coproantigen test with fecal matter obtained directly from the dog contribute information on individual prevalence, while the use of coproantigens detected in ground-collected samples transfers the dog unit of observation to units of greater epidemiological value. In the present experience, the technique employed seems promising for its application in systems of epidemiological surveillance of cystic echinococcosis and in drawing a baseline on which to measure the progress of control programs in the Argentine Patagonia in subsequent years.