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6. The socio-economic burden of asthma is substantial in Europe

Author

Accordini, S., Corsico, A., Cerveri, I., Gislason, D., Gulsvik, A., Janson, C., Jarvis, D., Marcon, A., Pin, I., Vermeire, P., Almar, E., Bugiani, M., Cazzoletti, L., Duran-Tauleria, E., Jõgi, R., Marinoni, A., Martínez-Moratalla, J., Leynaert, B., and de Marco, R.

Published
2008

9. M8 Cost variations of asthma over 10 years in adults

Author

Portas, L, primary, Calciano, L, additional, Corsico, AG, additional, Cazzoletti, L, additional, Cerveri, I, additional, Gerbase, MW, additional, Gislason, D, additional, Gronseth, R, additional, Heinrich, J, additional, Jögi, R, additional, Johannessen, A, additional, Marcon, A, additional, Pin, I, additional, Wacker, M, additional, Jarvis, D, additional, Janson, C, additional, and Accordini, S, additional

Published
2018
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10. Trends in the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italy between 1991 and 2010

Author

de Marco R, Cappa V, Accordini S, Rava M, Antonicelli L, Bortolami O, Braggion M, Bugiani M, Casali L, Cazzoletti L, Cerveri I, Fois AG, Girardi P, Locatelli F, Marcon A, Marinoni A, Panico MG, Pirina P, Villani S, Zanolin ME, Verlato G, the GEIRD Study Group: de Marco, R., Verlato, G., Zanolin, M., Accordini, S., Bortolami, O., Braggion, M., Cappa, V., Cazzoletti, L., Girardi, P., Locatelli, F., Marcon, A., Montoli, E., Rava, M., Vesentini, R., Ferrari, M., Donatelli, L., Posenato, C., Cascio, V., Perbellini, L., Olivieri, M., D'Amato, J., Donatini, E., Martinelli, M., Pignatti, P., Bombieri, C., Bettin, M., Trabetti, E., Poli, A., Nicolis, M., Sembeni, S., Antonicelli, L., Bonifazi, F., Attena, F., Galdo, V., Cerveri, I., Corsico, A., Albicini, F., Grosso, A., Marinoni, A., Villani, S., Ferretti, V., Casali, L., Miniucchi, A., Briziarelli, L., Marcarelli, M., Panico, M., Pirina, P., Fois, A., Becciu, F., Deledda, A., Spada, V., Bugiani, M., Carosso, A., Piccioni, P., Castiglioni, G., Bono, R., Tassinari, R., Romanazzi, V., Rolla, G., Heffler, E., Migliore, E., BELLIA, Vincenzo, BATTAGLIA, Salvatore, de Marco R, Cappa V, Accordini S, Rava M, Antonicelli L, Bortolami O, Braggion M, Bugiani M, Casali L, Cazzoletti L, Cerveri I, Fois AG, Girardi P, Locatelli F, Marcon A, Marinoni A, Panico MG, Pirina P, Villani S, Zanolin ME, Verlato G, and the GEIRD Study Group: de Marco, R., Verlato, G., Zanolin, M., Accordini, S., Bortolami, O., Braggion, M., Cappa, V., Cazzoletti, L., Girardi, P., Locatelli, F., Marcon, A., Montoli, E., Rava, M., Vesentini, R., Ferrari, M., Donatelli, L., Posenato, C., Cascio, V., Perbellini, L., Olivieri, M., D'Amato, J., Donatini, E., Martinelli, M., Pignatti, P., Bombieri, C., Bettin, M., Trabetti, E., Poli, A., Nicolis, M., Sembeni, S., Antonicelli, L., Bonifazi, F., Attena, F., Galdo, V., Bellia, V., Battaglia, S., Cerveri, I., Corsico, A., Albicini, F., Grosso, A., Marinoni, A., Villani, S., Ferretti, V., Casali, L., Miniucchi, A., Briziarelli, L., Marcarelli, M., Panico, M., Pirina, P., Fois, A., Becciu, F., Deledda, A., Spada, V., Bugiani, M., Carosso, A., Piccioni, P., Castiglioni, G., Bono, R., Tassinari, R., Romanazzi, V., Rolla, G., Heffler, E., and Migliore, E.

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, Cross-sectional study, 95% CI 1.19-1.59) from 1998-2000 to 2007-2010, but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthma, Abstract The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990s, temporal trends, Surveys and Questionnaires, Epidemiology, Surveys and Questionnaire, Medicine, asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in Italy, Young adult, respectively. The prevalence of current asthma was stable during the 1990s and increased (relative risk 1.38, from 10.1% to 13.9% and from 16.8% to 25.8%, education.field_of_study, Allergic rhinitis, Asthma, Prevalence, Temporal trends, Wheezing, medicine.diagnostic_test, Smoking, the median prevalence of current asthma, allergic rhinitis, asthma, epidemiology, prevalence, temporal trends, wheezing, Italy, Abstract The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990s, but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthma, asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in Italy, in the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993, n=6,031), the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000, n=18,873), and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2010, n=10,494). Time trends in prevalence were estimated using Poisson regression models in the centres that repeated the survey at different points in time. From 1991 to 2010, the median prevalence of current asthma, wheezing and allergic rhinitis increased from 4.1% to 6.6%, from 10.1% to 13.9% and from 16.8% to 25.8%, respectively. The prevalence of current asthma was stable during the 1990s and increased (relative risk 1.38, 95% CI 1.19-1.59) from 1998-2000 to 2007-2010, mainly in subjects who did not report allergic rhinitis. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased continuously since 1991. The asthma epidemic is not over in Italy. During the past 20 yrs, asthma prevalence has increased by 38%, in parallel with a similar increase in asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis, mainly in subjects who did not report allergic rhinitis. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased continuously since 1991. The asthma epidemic is not over in Italy. During the past 20 yrs, symbols, asthma prevalence has increased by 38%, Female, epidemiology, Human, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Adult, 494). Time trends in prevalence were estimated using Poisson regression models in the centres that repeated the survey at different points in time. From 1991 to 2010, in parallel with a similar increase in asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis, medicine.medical_specialty, Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial, Population, prevalence, Settore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratorio, 031), Settore MED/01 - Statistica Medica, symbols.namesake, Young Adult, Allergic rhiniti, Humans, Respiratory sounds, Poisson regression, education, Respiratory Sounds, Cross-Sectional Studie, allergic rhinitis, business.industry, wheezing, wheezing and allergic rhinitis increased from 4.1% to 6.6%, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal, asthma, in the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993, medicine.disease, 873), Cross-Sectional Studies, n=10, Relative risk, Temporal trend, Respiratory Sound, n=6, n=18, business
Abstract

The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990s, but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthma, asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in Italy, in the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993; n=6,031); the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000; n=18,873); and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2010; n=10,494). Time trends in prevalence were estimated using Poisson regression models in the centres that repeated the survey at different points in time. From 1991 to 2010, the median prevalence of current asthma, wheezing and allergic rhinitis increased from 4.1% to 6.6%, from 10.1% to 13.9% and from 16.8% to 25.8%, respectively. The prevalence of current asthma was stable during the 1990s and increased (relative risk 1.38, 95% CI 1.19-1.59) from 1998-2000 to 2007-2010, mainly in subjects who did not report allergic rhinitis. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased continuously since 1991. The asthma epidemic is not over in Italy. During the past 20 yrs, asthma prevalence has increased by 38%, in parallel with a similar increase in asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis. Copyright©ERS 2012.

Published
2012

13. Lung cancer: can staging improvement ensure a better survival?

Author

Gm, Stella, Cazzoletti L, and Alessandro Zanforlin

Subjects
Survival, Lung Cancer
Abstract

Lung cancer is among the most common cancers in the world. Despite advances in defining the molecular mechanisms involved in lung oncogenesis and the remarkable efforts made to improve screening programs for secondary cancer prevention, patients' prognosis remains poor. Moreover, wide international inequalities remain apparent, even among developed countries. Here we analyze and discuss the findings of the extensive work by Walters S et al., recently published in "Thorax", which aimed to clarify whether differences in stage at diagnosis might explain these divergences. A better understanding of why survival differences between different states still exist will facilitate policy design to increase lung cancer overall survival itself and to bring it up to the highest international standards. It is the first international population-based study of lung cancer survival by stage at diagnosis and includes nearly 60,000 patients. By using a well detailed and appropriate statistical approach, authors conclude that improvement in outcomes is primarily related to a proper initial disease staging and that socioeconomic international and interregional inequalities might play a relevant role in this scenario. Our review takes in consideration both the methodological and scientific issues of the paper, focusing on the potential consequences in lung cancer management and on the need, in the post genomic era, of a molecular-based epidemiologic approach.

Published
2013

14. The impact of climate and traffic-related NO2 on the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italy

Author

de Marco, R, Poli, A, Ferrari, M, Accordini, S, Giammanco, G, Bugiani, M, Villani, S, Ponzio, M, Bono, R, Carrozzi, L, Cavallini, R, Cazzoletti, L, Dallari, R, Ginesu, F, Lauriola, P, Mandrioli, P, Perfetti, L, Pignato, S, Pirina, P, STRUZZO, PIERLUIGI, de Marco, R, Poli, A, Ferrari, M, Accordini, S, Giammanco, G, Bugiani, M, Villani, S, Ponzio, M, Bono, R, Carrozzi, L, Cavallini, R, Cazzoletti, L, Dallari, R, Ginesu, F, Lauriola, P, Mandrioli, P, Perfetti, L, Pignato, S, Pirina, P, and Struzzo, Pierluigi

Subjects
Adult, Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial, Ultraviolet Rays, Climate, Nitrogen Dioxide, Asthma, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Italy, Multivariate Analysis, Prevalence, Temperature, Vehicle Emissions, traffic-related pollution, allergic rhinitis, asthma, climate, outdoor NO2 pollution, traffic-related pollution, Allergic, Multivariate Analysi, climate, Rhinitis, Cross-Sectional Studie, allergic rhinitis, asthma, Perennial, Ultraviolet Ray, outdoor NO2 pollution, Human
Abstract

Environmental factors are likely to be involved in explaining the wide geographical variation in asthma and atopic diseases that has been documented in many recent epidemiological studies.

Published
2002

15. Trends in the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italy between 1991 and 2010

Author

de Marco, R, Cappa, V, Accordini, S, Rava, M, Antonicelli, L, Bortolami, O, Braggion, M, Bugiani, M, Casali, L, Cazzoletti, L, Cerveri, I, Fois, Ag, Girardi, P, Locatelli, F, Marcon, A, Marinoni, A, Panico, Mg, Pirina, P, Villani, S, Zanolin, Me, Verlato, G, Montoli, E, Vesentini, R, Ferrari, M, Donatelli, L, Posenato, C, Cascio, V, Perbellini, L, Olivieri, M, D'Amato, J, Donatini, E, Martinelli, M, Pignatti, Pf, Bombieri, C, Bettin, Md, Trabetti, E, Poli, A, Nicolis, M, Sembeni, S, Bonifazi, F, Attena, F, Galdo, V, Bellia, V, Battaglia, S, Corsico, Ag, Albicini, F, Grosso, A, Ferretti, V, Miniucchi, A, Briziarelli, L, Marcarelli, M, Becciu, F, Deledda, A, Spada, V, Carosso, A, Piccioni, P, Castiglioni, G, Bono, R, Tassinari, R, Romanazzi, V, Rolla, G, Heffler, ENRICO MARCO, and Migliore, E.

Published
2012

17. Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases. Protocol, Standard Operative Procedures and Questionnaires

Author

de Marco, R, Verlato, G, Zanolin, Me, Accordini, S, Bortolami, O, Braggion, M, Cappa, V, Cazzoletti, L, Girardi, P, Locatelli, F, and Others

Subjects
Genes,Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,Asthma, Rhinitis,Case-control,Environment,Inflammatory biomarkers,Diet, Genes, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Inflammatory biomarkers, Case-control, Environment, Asthma, Rhinitis, Diet, Settore MED/01 - Statistica Medica
Published
2010

18. Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases – Protocol, Standard Operative Procedures and Questionnaires

Author

The GEIRD Study Group: de Marco, R, Verlato, G, Zanolin, Me, Accordini, S, Bortolami, O, Braggion, M, Cappa, V, Cazzoletti, L, Girardi, P, Locatelli, F, Marcon, A, Nicolis, D, Rava, M, Vesentini, R, Ferrari, M, Donatelli, L, Posenato, C, Lo Cascio, V, Perbellini, L, Olivieri, M, D’Amato, J, Donatini, E, Martinelli, M, Pignatti, Pf, Bombieri, C, Bettin, Md, Trabetti, E, Poli, A, Nicolis, M, Sembeni, S, Antonicelli, L, Bonifazi, F, Attena, F, Galdo, V, Bellia, V, Battaglia, S, Cerveri, I, Corsico, Ag, Albicini, F, Grosso, A, Marinoni, A, Casali, L, Miniuc chi, A, Briziarelli, L, Marcarelli, M, Panico, Mg, Pirina, P, Fois, Ag, Becciu, F, Deledda, A, Spada, V, Bugiani, M, Carosso, A, Piccioni, P, Castiglioni, G, Bono, R, Tassinari, R, Romanazzi, V, Rolla, G, Heffler, ENRICO MARCO, and Migliore, E.

Published
2010

19. Adult eczema in Italy: prevalence and associations with environmental factors

Author

Pesce, G., primary, Marcon, A., additional, Carosso, A., additional, Antonicelli, L., additional, Cazzoletti, L., additional, Ferrari, M., additional, Fois, A.G., additional, Marchetti, P., additional, Olivieri, M., additional, Pirina, P., additional, Pocetta, G., additional, Tassinari, R., additional, Verlato, G., additional, Villani, S., additional, and de Marco, R., additional

Published
2014
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22. Allergic rhinitis and asthma comorbidity in a survey of young adults in Italy

Author

Bugiani, M., Carosso, A., Migliore, E., Piccioni, P., Corsico, A., Olivieri, M., Ferrari, M., Pirina, P., Marinoni, R. de Marco on behalf of ISAYA: Principal researchers: A., Carolei, A., Montomoli, C., Villani, S., Comelli, M., Ponzio, M., Grassi, M., Rezzani, C., Casali, L., Cerveri, I., Zoia, M. C., Colato, S., Moscato, G., Perfetti, L., Alesina, R., Basso, O., Berrayah, L., Brusotti, R., Fanfulla, F., Moi, P., Frati, C., Karytinos, P., Arossa, W., Caria, E., Castiglioni, G., Romano, Canzio, Fabbro, D., Ciccone, G., Magnani, C., Dalmasso, P., Bono, Roberto, Gigli, G., Giraudo, A., Brussino, M. C., Bucca, Caterina, Rolla, Giovanni, Aime, M., Cerutti, A., Chiampo, F., Gallo, W., Sulotto, F., de Marco, R., Verlato, G., Accordini, S., Zanolin, M. E., Locatelli, F., Cazzoletti, L., Pattaro, C., Sartori, S., Poli, A., Dorigo, N., Cantarelli, S., Ciresola, D., Lo Cascio, V., Biasin, C., Campello, C., Rossi, F., Cannistra`, A., Cenci, B., Destefani, E., Girotto, M., Lampronti, G., Martini, C., Tardivo, S., Villani, A., Lauriola, P., Danielli, G., Sesti, D., Ghigli, E., P. Natale, M. Grosa, Tacconi, A., Frontero, P., and Salomoni, A.

Published
2005

23. The role of climate on the geographic variability of asthma, allergic rhinitis and respiratory symptoms: results from the Italian study of asthma in young adults

Author

Zanolin, M. E., Pattaro, C., Corsico, A., Bugiani, M., Carrozzi, L., Casali, L., Dallari, R., Ferrari, M., Marinoni, A., Migliore, E., Olivieri, M., Pirina, P., Verlato, G., Villani, S., de Marco, R., Buriani, O., Cavallini, R., Saletti, C., Cellini, M., Faustini, M., de Togni, A., Carolei, A., Montomoli, C., Comelli, M., Ponzio, M., Grassi, M., Rezzani, C., Cerveri, I., Zoia, M. C., Colato, S., Moscato, G., Perfetti, L., Viegi, G., Pistelli, F., di Pede, F., Paggiaro, P. L., Santolicandro, A., Giovannetti, P., Ginesu, F., Ostera, S., Pinna, G. P., Farre, A., Imparato, S., Turrini, E., Foglia, M., Giammanco, G., Pignato, S., Rotondo, A., Cuspilici, A., Piccioni, P., Carosso, A., Arossa, W., Caria, E., Castiglioni, G., Romano, C., Fabbro, D., Ciccone, G., Magnani, C., Dalmasso, P., Bono, R., Gigli, G., Giraudo, A., Brussino, M. C., Bucca, C., Rolla, G., Struzzo, P., Orefice, U., Schneider, M., Chittaro, F., Peresson, D., Accordini, S., Locatelli, F., Cazzoletti, L., Sartori, S., Poli, A., Dorigo, N., Cantarelli, S., Ciresola, D., Lo Cascio, V., Biasin, C., Lauriola, P., Danielli, G., Sesti, D., Ghigli, E., Natale, P., Grosa, M., Tacconi, A., Frontero, P., and Salomoni, A.

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Allergy, Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial, Climate, Immunology, Geographic pattern, Allergic, Epidemiology, medicine, Prevalence, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, Asthma epidemiology, Asthma prevalence allergy, Latitude, Asthma, Chronic Disease, Cough, Geography, Regression Analysis, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal, Rhinitis, Seasonal, business.industry, Phlegm, Respiratory disease, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Perennial, respiratory tract diseases, Chronic cough, Etiology, medicine.symptom, business, Demography
Abstract

Background: Variations in the prevalence of respiratory symptoms according to geo-climatic factors could provide important clues to the knowledge of the aetiology of asthma. Methods: Geo-climatic variations in the prevalence of current asthma, allergic rhinitis and chronic cough, and phlegm were assessed on a random sample of 18 873 subjects (response rate = 72.7%) from different climatic regions of Italy. An ecological analysis, supported by robust statistical methods, was employed to investigate potential trends. Results: The prevalence of all symptoms was significantly heterogeneous throughout the peninsula. Only asthma-like symptoms showed a north–south trend: the prevalence increased at a decreasing latitude [odds ratio (OR) varies from 0.92 to 0.96, P

Published
2004

24. The role of climate on the geographic variability of asthma, allergicrhinitis and respiratory symptoms: results from the Italian study of asthma in young adults

Author

Zanolin, M. E., Pattaro, C., Corsico, . A., Bugiani, M., Carrozzi, L., Casali, . L., Dallari, R., Ferrari, M., Marinoni, . A., Migliore, E., Olivieri, M., P. P. i. r. i. n. a., . G. Verlato, Villani, . S., Demarco, R., Buriani, . O., Cavallini, R., Saletti, C., Cellini, M., Faustini, M., de Togni, A., Marinoni, A., Carolei, A., Montomoli, C., Villani, S., Comelli, M., Ponzio, . M., Grassi, M., Rezzani, C., Casali, L., Cerveri, I., Zoia, M. C., Corsico, A., Colato, S., Moscato, G., Perfetti, . L., Viegi, G., Pistelli, F., Di Pede, F., Paggiaro, P. L., Santolicandro, A., Giovannetti, P., Ginesu, F., Pirina, P., Ostera, S., Pinna, G. P., Farre, A., Imparato, S., Turrini, E., Foglia, . M., Giammanco, G., Pignato, S., Rotondo, . A., Cuspilici, A., Piccioni, P., Carosso, . A., Arossa, W., Caria, E., Castiglioni, G., Romano, Canzio, Fabbro, D., Ciccone, G., Magnani, . C., Dalmasso, P., Bono, Roberto, Gigli, G., Giraudo, A., Brussino, Luisa, Bucca, Caterina, Rolla, Giovanni, Struzzo, P., Orefice, . U., Schneider, M., Chittaro, F., Peresson, D., de Marco, R., Verlato, G., Accordini, S., Locatelli, F., Cazzoletti, L., Sartori, S., Poli, . A., Dorigo, N., Cantarelli, S., Ciresola, D., Lo Cascio, V., Biasin, C., Lauriola, P., Danielli, G., Sesti, D., Ghigli, E., P. Natale, M. Grosa, Tacconi, A., Frontero, P., and Salomoni, A.

Subjects
climate, asthma, allergic rhinitis, respiratory symptoms
Published
2004

25. Chronic cough and phlegm in young adults

Author

Cerveri, I., Accordini, S., Corsico, A., Zoia, M. C., Carrozzi, L., Cazzoletti, L., Beccaria, M., Marinoni, A., Viegi, G., de Marco, R., Ginesu, F., Pirina, P., Ostera, S., Pinna, G. P., Farre, A., Imparato, S., Dallari, R., Turrini, E., Foglia, M., Giammanco, G., Pignato, S., Rotondo, A., Cuspilici, A., Bugiani, M., Piccioni, P., Carosso, A., Arossa, W., Caria, E., Castiglioni, G., Migliore, E., Romano, C., Fabbro, D., Ciccone, G., Magnani, C., Dalmasso, P., Bono, R., Gigli, G., Giraudo, A., Brussino, M. C., Bucca, C., Rolla, G., Struzzo, P., Orefice, U., Schneider, M., Chittaro, F., Peresson, D., Verlato, G., Zanolin, M. E., Locatelli, F., Battisti, L., Pattaro, C., Poli, A., Dorigo, N., Cantarelli, S., Ciresola, D., Lo Cascio, V., Olivieri, M., Ferrari, M., Biasin, C., Lauriola, P., Danielli, G., Sesti, D., Ghigli, E., Natale, P., Grosa, M., Tacconi, A., Frontero, P., and Salomoni, A.

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Chronic Obstructive, Cross-sectional study, Health surveys, Population, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cross-sectional studies, health surveys, risk factors, smoking, Pulmonary Disease, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Sex Factors, Epidemiology, medicine, Prevalence, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Cross-sectional studies, Risk factors, Smoking, Asthma, Chronic Disease, Cough, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Italy, Socioeconomic Factors, Sputum, Young adult, education, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Phlegm, medicine.disease, Obstructive lung disease, respiratory tract diseases, Chronic cough, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines underline that the presence of chronic cough and sputum production before airflow obstruction offers a unique opportunity to identify subjects at risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for an early intervention. Current epidemiological data on these subjects are scant. Between 1998-2000, the authors evaluated the prevalence and characteristics of these symptoms by a multicentre cross-sectional survey of Italian people aged between 20-44 yrs from the general population (Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA)). Besides the questions on asthma, more than 18,000 subjects answered the question: "Have you had cough and phlegm on most days for as much as 3 months per year and for at least two successive years?" The adjusted prevalence of subjects with chronic cough and phlegm was 11.9%, being 11.8% in males and 12.0% in females. From these subjects approximately 20% reported coexisting asthma and approximately 30%, predominately females, were nonsmokers. The survey showed that sex (female), smoking and low socioeconomic status were significantly and independently associated with chronic cough and phlegm, current smoking playing the major role. The prevalence of subjects with chronic cough and phlegm is startlingly high among young adults. Further follow-up studies are needed to establish how many of them will go on to develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Published
2003

26. Is the prevalence of adult asthma and allergic rhinitis still increasing? Results of an Italian study

Author

Verlato, G, Corsico, A, Villani, S, Cerveri, I, Migliore, E, Accordini, S, Carolei, A, Piccioni, P, Bugiani, M, Lo Cascio, V, Marinoni, A, Poli, A, Ecrhs, de Marco R., Marinoni, ISAYA group Principal researchers: A., Carolei, A., Montomoli, C., Villani, S., Comelli, M., Ponzio, M., Grassi, M., Rezzani, C., Casali, L., Cerveri, I., Zoia, M. C., Corsico, A., Colato, S., Moscato, G., Perfetti, L., Alesina, R., Basso, O., Berrayah, L., Brusotti, R., Fanfulla, F., Moi, P., Frati, C., Karytinos, P., Bugiani, M., Piccioni, P., Carosso, A., Arossa, W., Caria, E., Castiglioni, G., Migliore, E., Romano, C., Fabbro, D., Ciccone, G., Magnani, C., Dalmasso, Paola, Bono, Roberto, Gigli, G., Giraudo, A., Brussino, Luisa, Bucca, Caterina, Rolla, Giovanni, Aime, M., Cerutti, A., Chiampo, F., Gallo, W., Sulotto, F., de Marco, R., Verlato, G., Accordini, S., Zanolin, M. E., Locatelli, F., Cazzoletti, L., Pattaro, C., Sartori, S., Poli, A., Dorigo, N., Cantarelli, S., Ciresola, D., Lo Cascio, V., Olivieri, M., Ferrari, M., Biasin, C., Campello, C., Rossi, F., Cannistrà, A., Cenci, B., Destefani, E., Girotto, M., Lampronti, G., Martini, C., Tardivo, S., Villani, A., Lauriola, P., Danielli, G., Sesti, D., Ghigli, E., Natale, P., Grosa, M., Tacconi, A., Frontero, P., and Salomoni, A.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Allergy, Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial, temporal trend, Immunology, Logistic regression, asthma, allergic rhinitis, temporal trend, epidemiology, Epidemiology, Prevalence, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Humans, Non-response bias, Young adult, Asthma, Response rate (survey), allergic rhinitis, business.industry, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal, Odds ratio, asthma, medicine.disease, Italy, Female, epidemiology, business
Abstract

The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis has increased worldwide during the 1970s and 1980s.This study was aimed at evaluating whether the increasing trend in prevalence persisted during the 1990s in the young adult Italian population.In 1998 to 2000 a screening questionnaire was sent by mail to a general population sample aged 20 to 44 years; nonresponders were contacted again first by mail and then by phone, achieving a final response rate of 78.1% (6876 of 8800). Prevalence estimates, adjusted to correct for nonresponse bias, were compared with those recorded in Italy in 1991 to 1993 during the European Community Respiratory Health Survey, when response rate had been slightly higher (87.6%). Temporal variations in symptom prevalence were analyzed by a logistic regression model, controlling for sex, age, site of residence (urban vs suburban areas), season of response, response rate, and type of contact (mail vs phone).The prevalence of asthma attacks did not vary significantly from 1991 to 1993 (3.6%) to 1998 to 2000 (3.2%) (P =.188). The prevalence of asthma-like symptoms (wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath) tended to decrease in the age classes of 32.5 to 45 years, while increasing in the youngest age class (20 to 26 years). A clear-cut increase from 15.4% to 18.3% was observed for the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (P.001), whereas the proportion of people under antiasthmatic treatment increased in suburban areas but not in urban areas (interaction time-site of residence, P.001).Asthma prevalence has not increased during the last decade in Italy. The persistence of an increasing trend in allergic rhinitis prevalence deserves attention.

Published
2003

27. Incidence and remission of asthma: a retrospective study on the natural history of asthma in Italy

Author

De Marco, R., Locatelli, F., Cerveri, I., Bugiani, M., Marinoni, A., Giammanco, G., Accordini, S., Verlato, G., Zanolin, E., Buriani, O., Carrozzi, L., Dallari, R., Ginesu, F., Poli, A., Struzzo, P., Cavallini, R., Saletti, C., Cellini, M., Faustini, M., De Togni, A., Carolei, A., Montomoli, C., Villani, S., Comelli, M., Ponzio, M., Grassi, M., Rezzani, C., Casali, L., Zoia, M. C., Corsico, A., Colato, S., Moscato, G., Perfetti, L., Viegi, G., Pistelli, F., Di Pede, F., Paggiaro, P. L., Santolicandro, A., Giovannetti, P., Pirina, P., Ostera, S., Pinna, G. P., Farre, A., Imparato, S., Turrini, E., Foglia, M., Pignato, S., Rotondo, A., Cuspilici, A., Piccioni, P., Carosso, A., Arossa, W., Caria, E., Castiglioni, G., Migliore, E., Romano, C., Fabbro, D., Ciccone, G., Magnani, C., Dalmasso, P., Bono, R., Gigli, G., Giraudo, A., Brussino, M. C., Bucca, C., Rolla, G., Orefice, U., Schneider, M., Chittaro, F., Peresson, D., Zanolin, M. E., Cazzoletti, L., Battisti, L., Pattaro, C., Dorigo, N., Cantarelli, S., Ciresola, D., Lo Cascio, V., Olivieri, M., Ferrari, M., Biasin, C., Lauriola, P., Danielli, G., Sesti, D., Ghigli, E., Natale, P., Grosa, M., Tacconi, A., Frontero, P., and Salomoni, A.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, National Health Programs, Remission, Cross-sectional study, Immunology, Population, Remission, Spontaneous, Rate ratio, Asthma remission, Asthma incidence, Persistence of asthma, Asthma, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Italy, Retrospective Studies, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Young adult, Preschool, education, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Spontaneous, Incidence (epidemiology), Retrospective cohort study, Newborn, medicine.disease, Natural history, business
Abstract

The knowledge of the natural history of asthma from birth to adulthood could provide important clues for its cause and for the understanding of epidemiologic findings.This study is aimed at assessing the incidence and remission of asthma from birth to the age of 44 years by using data from 18,873 subjects involved in a large, nationally representative, cross-sectional study carried out in Italy from 1998 through 2000.The onset of asthma was defined as the age at the first attack, and remission was considered present when a subject was neither under treatment nor had experienced an asthma attack in the last 24 months. Person-years and survival techniques were used for the analysis.The average annual incidence rate for the 1953 to 2000 period was 2.56/1000 persons per year. Incidence peaked in boys less than 10 years of age (4.38/1000 persons per year) and in women 30 years of age or older (3.1/1000 persons per year) and showed a generational increase (incident rate ratio = 2.63 and 95% CI = 2.20-3.12 for 1974-1979 vs 1953-1958 birth cohort). The overall remission rate was 45.8% (41.6% in women and 49.5% in men, P.001). Asthmatic patients in remission had an earlier age at onset (7.8 vs 15.9 years, P.001) and a shorter duration of the disease (5.6 vs 16.1 years, P.001) than patients with current asthma. The probability of remission was strongly (P.001) and inversely related to the age at onset (62.8% and 15.0% in the10- andor =20-years age-at-onset groups, respectively).With respect to its natural history, asthma presents 2 different forms: early-onset asthma, which occurs early in childhood, affects mainly boys, and has a good prognosis, and late-onset asthma, which generally occurs during or after puberty, mainly affects women, and has a poor prognosis. The minority of patients with early-onset asthma who do not remit represents more than 35% of patients with current asthma in the general young adult population.

Published
2002

28. The impact of climate and traffic-related NO 2 on the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italy

Author

De Marco, R., Poli, A., Ferrari, M., Accordini, S., Giammanco, G., Bugiani, M., Villani, S., Ponzio, M., Bono, R., Carrozzi, L., Cavallini, R., Cazzoletti, L., Dallari, R., Ginesu, F., Lauriola, P., Mandrioli, P., Perfetti, L., Pignato, S., Pirina, P., and Struzzo, P.

Subjects
Adult, Ultraviolet Rays, Climate, Nitrogen Dioxide, Temperature, Allergic rhinitis, Asthma, Outdoor NO2 pollution, Traffic-related pollution, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Italy, Multivariate Analysis, Prevalence, Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial, Vehicle Emissions, Perennial, Allergic, Rhinitis
Published
2002

29. Incidence and remission of asthma: A retrospective study on the natural history of asthma in Italy

Author

de Marco, R, Locatelli, F, Cerveri, I, Bugiani, M, Marinoni, A, Giammanco, G, Buriani, for the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults study group Principal researchers: O., Cavallini, R., Saletti, C., Cellini, M., Faustini, M., de Togni, A., Marinoni, A., Carolei, A., Montomoli, C., Villani, S., Comelli, M., Ponzio, M., Grassi, M., Rezzani, C., Casali, L., Cerveri, I., Zoia, M. C., Corsico, A., Colato, S., Moscato, G., Perfetti, L., Carrozzi, L., Viegi, G., Pistelli, F., Di Pede, F., Paggiaro, P. L., Santolicandro, A., Giovannetti, P., Ginesu, F., Pirina, P., Ostera, S., Pinna, G. P., Farre, A., Imparato, S., Dallari, R., Turrini, E., Foglia, M., Giammanco, G., Pignato, S., Rotondo, A., Cuspilici, A., Bugiani, M., Piccioni, P., Carosso, A., Arossa, W., Caria, E., Castiglioni, G., Migliore, E., Romano, Canzio, Fabbro, D., Ciccone, G., Magnani, C., Dalmasso, Paola, Bono, Roberto, Gigli, G., Giraudo, A., Brussino, Luisa, Bucca, Caterina, Rolla, Giovanni, Struzzo, P., Orefice, U., Schneider, M., Chittaro, F., Peresson, D., de Marco, R., Verlato, G., Accordini, S., Zanolin, M. E., Locatelli, F., Cazzoletti, L., Battisti, L., Pattaro, C., Poli, A., Dorigo, N., Cantarelli, S., Ciresola, D., Lo Cascio, V., Olivieri, M., Ferrari, M., Biasin, C., Lauriola, P., Danielli, G., Sesti, D., Ghigli, E., P. Natale, M. Grosa, Tacconi, A., Frontero, P., and Salomoni, A.

Published
2002

31. Occupational exposures and uncontrolled adult-onset asthma in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey II

Author

Le Moual, N., primary, Carsin, A.-E., additional, Siroux, V., additional, Radon, K., additional, Norback, D., additional, Toren, K., additional, Olivieri, M., additional, Urrutia, I., additional, Cazzoletti, L., additional, Jacquemin, B., additional, Benke, G., additional, Kromhout, H., additional, Mirabelli, M. C., additional, Mehta, A. J., additional, Schlunssen, V., additional, Sigsgaard, T., additional, Blanc, P. D., additional, Kogevinas, M., additional, Anto, J. M., additional, and Zock, J.-P., additional

Published
2013
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32. Trends in the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italy between 1991 and 2010

Author

de Marco, R., primary, Cappa, V., additional, Accordini, S., additional, Rava, M., additional, Antonicelli, L., additional, Bortolami, O., additional, Braggion, M., additional, Bugiani, M., additional, Casali, L., additional, Cazzoletti, L., additional, Cerveri, I., additional, Fois, A.G., additional, Girardi, P., additional, Locatelli, F., additional, Marcon, A., additional, Marinoni, A., additional, Panico, M.G., additional, Pirina, P., additional, Villani, S., additional, Zanolin, M.E., additional, and Verlato, G., additional

Published
2011
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33. ADRB2 Gly16Arg polymorphism, asthma control and lung function decline

Author

Rebordosa, C., primary, Kogevinas, M., additional, Guerra, S., additional, Castro-Giner, F., additional, Jarvis, D., additional, Cazzoletti, L., additional, Pin, I., additional, Siroux, V., additional, Wjst, M., additional, Anto, J. M., additional, de Marco, R., additional, Estivill, X., additional, Corsico, A. G., additional, Nielsen, R., additional, and Janson, C., additional

Published
2011
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37. Chronic cough and phlegm in young adults

Author

Cerveri, I., primary, Accordini, S., additional, Corsico, A., additional, Zoia, M.C., additional, Carrozzi, L., additional, Cazzoletti, L., additional, Beccaria, M., additional, Marinoni, A., additional, Viegi, G., additional, and de Marco, R., additional

Published
2003
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38. The impact of climate and traffic-related NO2on the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italy

Author

De Marco, R., primary, Poli, A., additional, Ferrari, M., additional, Accordini, S., additional, Giammanco, G., additional, Bugiani, M., additional, Villani, S., additional, Ponzio, M., additional, Bono, R., additional, Carrozzi, L., additional, Cavallini, R., additional, Cazzoletti, L., additional, Dallari, R., additional, Ginesu, F., additional, Lauriola, P., additional, Mandrioli, P., additional, Perfetti, L., additional, Pignato, S., additional, Pirina, P., additional, and Struzzo, P., additional

Published
2002
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41. The Gene-Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) Project.

Author

de Marco, R., Accordini, S., Antonicelli, L., Bellia, V., Bettin, M. D., Bombieri, C., Bonifazi, F., Bugiani, M., Carosso, A., Casali, L., Cazzoletti, L., Cerveri, I., Corsico, A. G., Ferrari, M., Fois, A. G., Lo Cascio, V., Marcon, A., Marinoni, A., Olivieri, M., and Perbellini, L.

Subjects
RESPIRATORY diseases, ALLERGIC rhinitis, BIOMARKERS, PHENOTYPES, RHINITIS
Abstract

The role of genetic and environmental factors, as well as their interaction, in the natural history of asthma, allergic rhinitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is largely unknown. This is mainly due to the lack of large-scale analytical epidemiological/genetic studies aimed at investigating these 3 respiratory conditions simultaneously. The GEIRD project is a collaborative initiative designed to collect information on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, individual and ecological exposures, diet, early-life factors, smoking habits, genetic traits and medication use in large and accurately defined series of asthma, allergic rhinitis and COPD phenotypes. It is a population-based multicase-control design, where cases and controls are identified through a 2-stage screening process (postal questionnaire and clinical examination) in pre-existing cohorts or new samples of subjects. It is aimed at elucidating the role that modifiable and genetic factors play in the occurrence, persistence, severity and control of inflammatory airway diseases, by way of the establishment of a historical multicentre standardized databank of phenotypes, contributed by and openly available to international epidemiologists. Researchers conducting population-based surveys with standardized methods may contribute to the public-domain case-control database, and use the resulting increased power to answer their own scientific questions. Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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42. The impact of climate and traffic-related NO2 on the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italy.

Author

de Marco, R., Poli, A., Ferrari, M., Accordini, S., Giammanco, G., Bugiani, M., Villani, S., Ponzio, M., Bono, R., Carrozzi, L., Cavallini, R., Cazzoletti, L., Dallari, R., Ginesu, F., Lauriola, P., Mandrioli, P., Perfetti, L., Pignato, S., Pirina, P., and Struzzo, P.

Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC nitrogen dioxide, ASTHMA, ALLERGIC rhinitis
Abstract

Summary Background Environmental factors are likely to be involved in explaining the wide geographical variation in asthma and atopic diseases that has been documented in many recent epidemiological studies. Aim To evaluate to what extent climate and outdoor NO2 pollution can explain the geographical variation in the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis, and to estimate the relative risk for exposure to different levels of these two factors. Methods The impact of climate and long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) pollution on asthma and allergic rhinitis was assessed in a cross-sectional study, carried out during 1998 to 2000 on young adults aged 20 to 44 years ( n = 18 873), living in 13 areas from two different Italian climatic regions (subcontinental and Mediterranean). Results Mediterranean areas had a significantly higher prevalence of asthma-like symptoms (P < 0.001), higher annual mean temperature (16.2 °C vs. 12.9 °C), lower temperature range (16.0 C° vs. 22.1 C°) and lower NO 2 levels (31.46 µg/m 3 vs. 57.99 µg/m 3 ) than subcontinental ones. Mediterranean climate was associated with an increased risk of wheeze (OR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.13 to 1.35), tightness in the chest (OR = 1.21; 95% CI 1.11 to 1.33), shortness of breath (OR = 1.21; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.36) and asthma attacks (OR = 1.19; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.31). After adjusting for climate, an increase of 18.3 µg/m 3 in NO 2 levels moderately increased the risk of asthma attacks (OR = 1.13; 95% CI 0.98 to 1.32), tightness in the chest (OR = 1.11; 95% CI 0.98 to 1.26) and wheeze (OR = 1.11; 95% CI 0.96 to 1.28). When the levels of outdoor NO 2 exposure rose, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis increased significantly in the Mediterranean region (OR = 1.38; 95% CI 1.12 to 1.69), but not in the subcontinental one (OR = 1.03; 95% CI 0.83 to 1.28). Conclusion Our results show that... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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43. Asthmatics and ex-smokers respond early, heavy smokers respond late to mailed surveys in Italy

Author

Verlato, Giuseppe, Melotti, Roberto, Olivieri, Mario, Corsico, Angelo, Bugiani, Massimiliano, Accordini, Simone, Villani, Simona, Migliore, Enrica, Marinoni, Alessandra, Pirina, Pietro, Carrozzi, Laura, Bortolami, Oscar, Rava, Marta, de Marco, Roberto, Accordini, S., Verlato, G., Zanolin, E., Bugiani, M., Buriani, O., Carrozzi, L., Dallari, R., Giammanco, G., Ginesu, F., Marinoni, A., Poli, A., Struzzo, Pierluigi, Cavallini, R., Saletti, C., Cellini, M., Faustini, M., de Togni, A., Carolei, A., Montomoli, C., Villani, S., Comelli, M., Ponzio, M., Grassi, M., Rezzani, C., Casali, L., Cerveri, I., Zoia, M. C., Corsico, A., Colato, S., Moscato, G., Perfetti, L., Viegi, G., Pistelli, F., Di Pede, F., Paggiaro, P. L., Santolicandro, A., Giovannetti, P., Pirina, P., Ostera, S., Pinna, G. P., Farre, A., Imparato, S., Turrini, E., Foglia, M., Pignato, S., Rotondo, A., Cuspilici, A., Piccioni, P., Carosso, A., Arossa, W., Caria, E., Castiglioni, G., Migliore, E., Romano, C., Fabbro, D., Ciccone, G., Magnani, C., Dalmasso, P., Bono, R., Gigli, G., Giraudo, A., Brussino, M. C., Bucca, C., Rolla, G., Struzzo, P., Orefice, U., Schneider, M., Chittaro, F., Peresson, D., de Marco, R., Zanolin, M. E., Locatelli, F., Cazzoletti, L., Pattaro, C., Sartori, S., Dorigo, N., Cantarelli, S., Ciresola, D., Lo Cascio, V., Ferrari, M., Biasin, C., Lauriola, P., Danielli, G., Sesti, D., Ghigli, E., Natale, P., Grosa, M., Tacconi, A., Frontero, P., Salomoni, A., Verlato, Giuseppe, Melotti, Roberto, Olivieri, Mario, Corsico, Angelo, Bugiani, Massimiliano, Accordini, Simone, Villani, Simona, Migliore, Enrica, Marinoni, Alessandra, Pirina, Pietro, Carrozzi, Laura, Bortolami, Oscar, Rava, Marta, de Marco, Roberto, Accordini, S., Verlato, G., Zanolin, E., Bugiani, M., Buriani, O., Carrozzi, L., Dallari, R., Giammanco, G., Ginesu, F., Marinoni, A., Poli, A., Struzzo, Pierluigi, Cavallini, R., Saletti, C., Cellini, M., Faustini, M., de Togni, A., Carolei, A., Montomoli, C., Villani, S., Comelli, M., Ponzio, M., Grassi, M., Rezzani, C., Casali, L., Cerveri, I., Zoia, M. C., Corsico, A., Colato, S., Moscato, G., Perfetti, L., Viegi, G., Pistelli, F., Di Pede, F., Paggiaro, P. L., Santolicandro, A., Giovannetti, P., Pirina, P., Ostera, S., Pinna, G. P., Farre, A., Imparato, S., Turrini, E., Foglia, M., Pignato, S., Rotondo, A., Cuspilici, A., Piccioni, P., Carosso, A., Arossa, W., Caria, E., Castiglioni, G., Migliore, E., Romano, C., Fabbro, D., Ciccone, G., Magnani, C., Dalmasso, P., Bono, R., Gigli, G., Giraudo, A., Brussino, M. C., Bucca, C., Rolla, G., Struzzo, P., Orefice, U., Schneider, M., Chittaro, F., Peresson, D., de Marco, R., Zanolin, M. E., Locatelli, F., Cazzoletti, L., Pattaro, C., Sartori, S., Dorigo, N., Cantarelli, S., Ciresola, D., Lo Cascio, V., Ferrari, M., Biasin, C., Lauriola, P., Danielli, G., Sesti, D., Ghigli, E., Natale, P., Grosa, M., Tacconi, A., Frontero, P., and Salomoni, A.

Subjects
Male, Questionnaires, Allergy, asthmatics, ex-smokers, survey, Allergic rhinitis, Mail survey, Epidemiology, Prevalence, Smoking habit, Medicine, Respiratory symptoms, Young adult, Response bias, Medicine (all), Respiratory disease, Phlegm, Smoking, Health Survey, Middle Aged, Chronic cough, Italy, Bias (Epidemiology), Female, medicine.symptom, Human, Adult, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Logistic Model, Response bia, Young Adult, Allergic rhiniti, Humans, Smoking habits, Asthma, Questionnaire, business.industry, medicine.disease, Health Surveys, Surgery, respiratory tract diseases, Logistic Models, Cough, mail survey, response bias, respiratory symptoms, asthma, allergic rhinitis, smoking habits, Respiratory symptom, Patient Compliance, business, Demography
Abstract

Summary Rationale and objectives Response to mailed epidemiological surveys has decreased in recent decades. Since subjects with respiratory symptoms are usually early responders to surveys performed in Southern Europe, this trend could bias prevalence estimates. The present study aimed at evaluating the impact of non-response bias on prevalence estimates of respiratory symptoms and smoking habits. Methods In 9 centres, participating in the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA), random samples of people aged 20–45 years were administered a mailed questionnaire between 1998 and 2000. Non-responders were contacted again first by mail and then by phone. Cumulative response percentage was 30.5%, 52.4% and 72.7% (18,873/25,969), respectively, after the 1st, 2nd and 3rd contact. Results The prevalence of self-reported current asthma, asthma-like symptoms, and chronic cough/phlegm was more than halved from the first contact (5.6%, 17.8%, 14.6% respectively) to the third contact (2.7%, 6.4%, 6.9%). This pattern was less pronounced when considering allergic rhinitis and past asthma, whose prevalence decreased, respectively, from 21.5% to 15.6% and from 3.5% to 2.6%. At the same time the proportion of current smokers increased from 29.2% to 38%, while the proportion of ex-smokers decreased from 16.5% to 10.1%. In a multinomial logistic model current asthma, asthma-like symptoms, chronic cough/phlegm and smoking habits, and to a lower extent past asthma and allergic rhinitis, were significant predictors of late response. Conclusions In Italy when response percentage is low, the prevalence of current asthma, chronic cough/phlegm and ex-smokers is overestimated, while the proportion of current smokers is underestimated.

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45. Incidence of asthma and mortality in a cohort of young adults: a 7-year prospective study

Author

Bugianio Massimilian, Cazzoletti Lucia, Locatelli Francesca, de Marco Roberto, Carosso Aurelia, and Marinoni Alessandra

Subjects
Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Abstract Background Few longitudinal data exist on the incidence of asthma in young adults and on the overall mortality risk due to asthma. A 7-year follow-up prospective study was performed to assess the incidence of asthma and mortality from all causes in a cohort of young adults. Methods The life status of a cohort of 6031 subjects, aged 20–44 years, who replied to a respiratory screening questionnaire between 1991 and 1992, was ascertained in 1999. A new questionnaire investigating the history of asthma was subsequently sent to the 5236 subjects who were still alive and residents in the areas of the study. 3880 subjects (74%) replied to the second questionnaire. Results The incidence of adult-onset asthma was 15.3/10,000/year (95%CI:11.2–20.8). The presence of asthma-like symptoms (IRR:4.17; 95%CI:2.20–7.87) and allergic rhinitis (IRR:3.30; 95%CI:1.71–6.36) at baseline were independent predictors of the onset of asthma, which was more frequent in women (IRR:2.32; 95%CI:1.16–4.67) and increased in the younger generations. The subjects who reported asthma attacks or nocturnal asthma symptoms at baseline had an excess mortality risk from all causes (SMR = 2.05; 95%CI:1.06–3.58) in the subsequent seven years. The excess mortality was mainly due to causes not related to respiratory diseases. Conclusion Asthma occurrence is a relevant public health problem even in young adults. The likelihood of developing adult onset asthma is significantly higher in people suffering from allergic rhinitis, in women and in more recent generations. The presence of asthma attacks and nocturnal symptoms seems to be associated with a potential excess risk of all causes mortality.

Published
2005
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46. Chronic bronchitis without airflow obstruction, asthma and rhinitis are differently associated with cardiovascular risk factors and diseases

Author

Pietro Pirina, Pierpaolo Marchetti, Giulia Squillacioti, Elia Piccinno, Giuseppe Verlato, Salvatore Battaglia, Amelia Grosso, Alessandro Marcon, Giancarlo Pesce, Marcello Ferrari, Lucia Cazzoletti, Leonardo Antonicelli, Ferrari M., Piccinno E., Marcon A., Marchetti P., Cazzoletti L., Pirina P., Battaglia S., Grosso A., Squillacioti G., Antonicelli L., Verlato G., Pesce G., Bodescot, Myriam, Unit of Respiratory Medicine [Vérone, Italie], Department of Diagnostics and Public Health [Verona] (UNIVR | DDSP), Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR)-Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics [Vérone, Italie], Department of Diagnostics and Public Health [Vérone, Italie], Unità Operativa di Pneumologia [Sassari, Italie], Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche e Sperimentali [Sassari, Italie], Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS)-Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS), Dipartimento Universitario di Promozione della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza 'G. D'Alessandro' [Palerme, Italie] (PROMISE), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Division of Respiratory Diseases [Pavie, Italie], IRCCS 'San Matteo' Hospital Foundation [Pavie, Italie], Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV)-Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Department of Public Health and Pediatrics [Turin, Italie], Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Allergy Unit [Ancône, Italie], Department of Internal Medicine [Ancône, Italie], Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti [Ancône, Italie]-Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti [Ancône, Italie], Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department [iPlesp] (EPAR), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), The GEIRD study was funded by the Cariverona foundation, the Italian Ministry of Health, Chiesi Farmaceutici SpA, and the Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco (AIFA)., University of Verona (UNIVR)-University of Verona (UNIVR), Università degli Studi di Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS)-Università degli Studi di Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS), University of Pavia-University of Pavia, University of Turin, Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department [Paris] (EPAR), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Male, LUNG-DISEASE, Chronic bronchitis, Pulmonology, Epidemiology, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Vascular Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Cohort Studies, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Medicine and Health Sciences, Odds Ratio, chronic bronchiti, Lung, Rhinitis, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Alcohol Consumption, Multidisciplinary, Heart, Middle Aged, Cardiovascular disease, CB, Respiratory Function Tests, 3. Good health, PREVALENCE, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Bronchitis, Chronic, ALLERGIC RHINITIS, INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, Cardiovascular Diseases, Hypertension, Bronchitis, Medicine, chronic bronchitis, Female, Anatomy, medicine.symptom, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Science, Population, body mass index, Settore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratorio, DIAGNOSIS, elderly, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Heart disorder, BMI, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Internal medicine, Confidence Intervals, medicine, Humans, COPD, CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE, education, Nutrition, Aged, Asthma, MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION, MUCUS HYPERSECRETION, CIGARETTE-SMOKING, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, business.industry, Biology and Life Sciences, Odds ratio, Rhinology, asthma, medicine.disease, Intermittent claudication, Diet, Otorhinolaryngology, 030228 respiratory system, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Medical Risk Factors, Case-Control Studies, Relative risk, Nasal Diseases, Cardiovascular Anatomy, [SDV.MHEP.PSR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, BMI, body mass index, CB, chronic bronchitis, COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Abstract

Background and objectives Cardiovascular and respiratory diseases can frequently coexist. Understanding their link may improve disease management. We aimed at assessing the associations of chronic bronchitis (CB), asthma and rhinitis with cardiovascular diseases and risk factors in the general population. Methods We used data collected in the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases study, an Italian multicentre, multicase-control study. Among 2463 participants (age 21–86, female 50%) who underwent standardized interviews, skin prick and lung function tests, we identified 254 cases of CB without airflow obstruction, 418 cases of asthma without CB, 959 cases of rhinitis alone, and 832 controls. The associations of respiratory diseases with reported cardiovascular risk factors (lifestyles, hypertension, dyslipidaemia), heart disorders (myocardial infarction, coronary thrombosis, angina, aorta or heart surgery) and intermittent claudication were estimated through relative risk ratios (RRR) by multinomial logistic regression models. Results Compared to controls, CB cases were more likely to be heavy smokers, alcohol consumers, physically inactive, and to suffer from hypertension or dyslipidaemia; rhinitis cases were less obese but more likely to have hypertension. Asthma was significantly associated with current smoking. After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, heart disorders were associated with CB (RRR[95%CI]: 1.58[1.12–2.22]) and rhinitis (1.35[0.98–1.85]) and intermittent claudication was associated with CB (3.43[2.52–4.67]), asthma (1.51[1.04–2.21]) and rhinitis (2.03[1.34–3.07]). Conclusions CB, asthma and rhinitis were associated with cardiovascular risk factors and diseases. In particular, CB shared with cardiovascular diseases almost all risk factors and was strongly associated with a higher risk of heart disorders and intermittent claudication.

Published
2019

47. Socioeconomic inequalities in smoking habits are still increasing in Italy

Author

Giang Nguyen, Alessandro G. Fois, Pietro Pirina, Valeria Bellisario, Simona Villani, Francesco Attena, Roberto de Marco, Leonardo Antonicelli, Pierpaolo Marchetti, Pavilio Piccioni, Gabriele Nicolini, Lamberto Briziarelli, Angelo Corsico, Marcello Ferrari, MariaGrazia Panico, Simone Accordini, Lucio Casali, Lucia Cazzoletti, Roberto Bono, Giuseppe Verlato, Verlato, G, Accordini, S, Nguyen, G, Marchetti, P, Cazzoletti, L, Ferrari, M, Antonicelli, L, Attena, Francesco, Bellisario, V, Bono, R, Briziarelli, L, Casali, L, Corsico, Ag, Fois, A, Panico, M, Piccioni, P, Pirina, P, Villani, S, Nicolini, G, and de Marco, R.

Subjects
trends, medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Cross-sectional study, Public health, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, smoking cessation, socioeconomic status, smoking initiation, smoking cessation, trends, socioeconomic status, Italy, Italy, Environmental health, smoking initiation, Epidemiology, Medicine, Smoking cessation, Biostatistics, Young adult, business, education, Socioeconomic status, Research Article
Abstract

Background: Socioeconomic inequalities in smoking habits have stabilized in many Western countries. This study aimed at evaluating whether socioeconomic disparities in smoking habits are still enlarging in Italy and at comparing the impact of education and occupation. Methods: In the frame of the GEIRD study (Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases) 10,494 subjects, randomly selected from the general population aged 20–44 years in seven Italian centres, answered a screening questionnaire between 2007 and 2010 (response percentage = 57.2%). In four centres a repeated cross-sectional survey was performed: smoking prevalence recorded in GEIRD was compared with prevalence recorded between 1998 and 2000 in the Italian Study of Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA). Results: Current smoking was twice as prevalent in people with a primary/secondary school certificate (40-43%) compared with people with an academic degree (20%), and among unemployed and workmen (39%) compared with managers and clerks (20-22%). In multivariable analysis smoking habits were more affected by education level than by occupation. From the first to the second survey the prevalence of ever smokers markedly decreased among housewives, managers, businessmen and free-lancers, while ever smoking became even more common among unemployed (time-occupation interaction: p = 0.047). At variance, the increasing trend in smoking cessation was not modified by occupation. Conclusion: Smoking prevalence has declined in Italy during the last decade among the higher socioeconomic classes, but not among the lower. This enlarging socioeconomic inequality mainly reflects a different trend in smoking initiation.

Published
2014

48. Very-long T2-weighted imaging of the non-lesional brain tissue in multiple sclerosis patients.

Author

Bontempi P, Marangoni S, Cazzoletti L, Bajrami A, Giometto B, Farace P, and Rozzanigo U

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that T2-weighted imaging with very long echo time (TE > 300 ms) can provide relevant information in neurodegenerative/inflammatory disorder. Twenty patients affected by relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis with stable disease course underwent 1.5 T 3D FLAIR, 3D T1-weighted, and a multi-echo sequence with 32 echoes (TE = 10-320 ms). Focal lesions (FL) were identified on FLAIR. T1-images were processed to segment deep gray matter (dGM), white matter (WM), FL sub-volumes with T1 hypo-intensity (T1FL), and dGM volumes (atrophy). Clinical-radiological parameters included Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), disease duration, patient age, T1FL, and dGM atrophy. Correlation analysis was performed between the mean signal intensity (SI) computed on the non-lesional dGM and WM at different TE versus the clinical-radiological parameters. Multivariable linear regressions were fitted to the data to assess the association between the dependent variable EDSS and the independent variables obtained by T1FL lesion load and the mean SI of dGM and WM at the different TE. A clear trend is observed, with a systematic strengthening of the significance of the correlation at longer TE for all the relationships with the clinical-radiological parameters, becoming significant (p < 0.05) for EDSS, T1FL volumes, and dGM atrophy. Multivariable linear regressions show that at shorter TE, the SI of the T2-weighted sequences is not relevant for describing the EDSS variability while the T1FL volumes are relevant, and vice versa, at very-long TEs (around 300 ms); the SI of the T2-weighted sequences significantly (p < 0.05) describes the EDSS variability. By very long TE, the SI primarily originates from water with a T2 longer than 250 ms and/or free water, which may be arising from the perivascular space (PVS). Very-long T2-weighting might detect dilated PVS and represent an unexplored MR approach in neurofluid imaging of neurodegenerative/inflammatory diseases., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2024
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49. Bone Mineral Density in Mountain, Road Cyclists and Untrained Controls: Exercise, Diet and Hormones.

Author

Zamboni F, Ferrari P, Cazzoletti L, Setti A, Bertoldo F, Dalle Carbonare LG, Danese E, Tardivo S, Crisafulli E, and Ferrari M

Subjects
Humans, Male, Adult, Oxygen Consumption physiology, Energy Intake physiology, Exercise physiology, Absorptiometry, Photon, Calcium, Dietary administration & dosage, Diet, Testosterone blood, Hydrocortisone blood, Case-Control Studies, Young Adult, Bicycling physiology, Bone Density physiology, Lumbar Vertebrae physiology, Energy Metabolism physiology, Femur Neck physiology, Femur Neck diagnostic imaging
Abstract

Purpose : The aim of the study was to compare bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar spine (LS BMD ) and the femoral neck (F BMD ) in male road cyclists (RC n  = 39), mountain cyclists (MC n  = 30) and controls (C n  = 27) and to determine the factors associated with BMD in the same group of participants. Methods : BMD, fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were measured using DXA. Calcium intake (Cal), exercise energy expenditure (EEE) and energy availability (EA) were assessed using self-reported questionnaires. Samples for circulating hormones were also obtained. VO 2max was estimated by a cycloergometric test. Results : After adjustment for body mass, in cyclists LS BMD (RC 0.98 ± 0.12; MC 0.98 ± 0.10 g/cm 2 ) was significantly lower than in C (1.11 ± 0.10; p  < .001), while F BMD resulted in no significant difference in cyclists compared to C ( p  = 0.213). EA (kcal/FFM/day) was different in cyclists and in C ( p  < .05). In C, EEE and EA were positively associated with LS BMD ( R  = 0.561, R  = 0.656, respectively, p  < .01), whereas only EA was associated with F BMD ( R  = 0.554, p  < .05); a positive association between EA and F BMD was found in MC ( R  = 0.464, p  < .05). A negative relationship between VO 2max and LS BMD in RC ( R = -0.418, p  < .05) and a positive one between EEE and LS BMD in MC were found ( R  = 0.605, p  < .001). CaI, free testosterone and cortisol were unrelated to BMD. Conclusion : Both the RC and MC had lower LS BMD than C, whereas no difference was found between the two groups of cyclists. The factors associated with BMD are manifold, vary in relation to the measurement site and are likely different in RC, MC and C.

Published
2024
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50. Associations Between Dietary Patterns and Kidney Health Assessed in the Population-Based CHRIS Study Using Reduced Rank Regression.

Author

Barbieri G, Garcia-Larsen V, Lundin R, Fujii R, Melotti R, Gögele M, Christopher KB, Cazzoletti L, Pramstaller PP, Zanolin ME, Pattaro C, and Hantikainen E

Abstract

Objective: While diet plays a key role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) management, the potential for diet to impact CKD prevention in the general population is less clear. Using a priori knowledge, we derived disease-related dietary patterns (DPs) through reduced rank regression (RRR) and investigated associations with kidney function, separately focusing on generally healthy individuals and those with self-reported kidney diseases, hypertension, or diabetes mellitus., Methods: Eight thousand six hundred eighty-six participants from the population-based Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol study were split into a group free of kidney disease, hypertension and diabetes (n = 6,133) and a group with any of the 3 conditions (n = 2,553). Diet was assessed through the self-administered Global Allergy and Asthma Network of Excellence food frequency questionnaire and DPs were derived through RRR selecting food frequency questionnaire-derived sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and protein intake as mediators. Outcomes were creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, CKD and microalbuminuria. Multiple linear and logistic models were used to assess associations between RRR-based DPs and kidney outcomes separately in the 2 analytic groups., Results: We identified 3 DPs, where high adherence reflected high levels of all nutrients (DP1), high potassium-phosphorus and low protein-sodium levels (DP2), and low potassium-sodium and high protein-phosphorus levels (DP3), respectively. We observed heterogeneous associations with kidney outcomes, varying by analytic group and sex. Kidney outcomes were much more strongly associated with DPs than with single nutrients., Conclusion: RRR is a feasible approach to estimate disease-related DPs and explore the combined effects of nutrients on kidney health. Heterogeneous associations across kidney outcomes suggest possible specificity to kidney function or damage. In individuals reporting kidney disease, hypertension or diabetes, specific dietary habits were associated with better kidney health, indicating that disease-specific dietary interventions can be effective for disease control., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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