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1. This experiment determined the effect of increasing mobility in broiler chickens by placing barrier perches between feeders and drinkers. In addition, the limitation of early weight gain by dietary energy and protein dilution on some welfare parameters, tibiotarsus measurements, fear and mobility level was examined.2. A total of 504 male, one-day-old broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to four treatments with three replicate pens per treatment and 42 broiler chickens per pen as a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Treatments included feeding the basal control diet between 0-42 days or a diet diluted by 10% energy and 20% crude protein fed between 0-21 d, with the control diet fed between 22-42 d. The second factor was the presence or absence of barrier perches. All treatments were allocated as a completely randomised design. Welfare parameters (foot pad dermatitis, hock burn, gait score, feather score, breast blister), tibiotarsus measurements (bone mineral content, bone mineral density, fluctuating asymmetry and relative fluctuating asymmetry), tonic immobility and mobility level were recorded.3. Results showed that access to a barrier perch and the diluted diet increased the mobility in broiler chickens. However, access to a barrier perch had no significant effect on tibiotarsus and welfare parameters. Broiler chickens had better gait scores (P

This study was conducted to investigate the changes encountered in water soluble dry matter (ºBrix), total phenolics, caffeine and some important catechins of green tea extracts extracted through ultrasound-assisted extraction procedures. Extractions were conducted at 70°C temperature, different tea: water ratios (5:100; 10:100) and brewing times (5, 10 and 20 min) and resultant extracts were also supplemented with tannase enzyme. Total phenolics of green tea extracts varied between 2.68 - 3.87 g GAE/100 g dry green tea. The greatest total phenolics (3.87 g GAE/100 g dry green tea) was obtained from 20 min brewing at 70°C and 10:100 tea: water ratio of tannase enzyme-supplemented extract. As compared to the control samples, decreasing EGCG and ECG contents and increasing EGC and EC contents were observed with tannase enzyme supplementations.

Yapılan bu çalışmada, Türkiye‘de yetişen iki farklı Maviyemiş (Brigitta ve Darrow) çeşidine ait sezonluk meyveler tüm yıl boyunca ulaşılabilirliğinin sağlanması amacıyla reçel ve marmelata işlenmiştir. Elde edilen ürünlerin depolama süresince toplam fenolik madde, toplam antosiyanin ve antioksidan kapasitesi gibi beslenme ve sağlık açısından son derece önemli fitokimyasal özelliklerindeki değişimlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Taze maviyemiş meyvelerinde başlangıçta, reçel ve marmelatlarda ise 6 aylık depolama sürecinin 0, 2, 4 ve 6. aylarında toplam fenolik madde, antioksidan kapasite (TEAC, FRAP), toplam antosiyanin, polimerik renk ve HMF analizleri yapılmıştır. Depolama süresince maviyemiş çeşitlerine ait reçel ve marmelat örneklerinde toplam fenolik madde miktarı 178,68-518,45 μg GAE/g; TEAC değerleri 1,16-11,60 μmol TE/g; FRAP değerleri 1.83-10,33 μmol TE/g ve antosiyanin miktarının 7,35-298,22 µg cy-3 glu/g arasında değiştiği ve en yüksek değerlere Darrow çeşidine ait örneklerin sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. 6 aylık depolama süresi sonunda Polimerik renk değeri bakımından en fazla artışın (%124 ve %73) Darrow çeşidine ait reçel ve marmelat örneklerinde gerçekleştiği, HMF değeri bakımından ise en fazla artışın (%65 ve %87) Brigitta çeşidine ait reçel ve marmelat örneklerinde meydana geldiği gözlemlenmiştir.

Most patients with male breast cancer (MBC) express the androgen receptor (AR). AR expression in these tumors may have both prognostic and predictive values because its presence indicates the potential benefits of an anti-androgen therapeutic approach. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between AR expression and clinicopathological parameters in MBC.The data of 35 patients who received a histological diagnosis of MBC at the pathology department of our hospital between January 2007 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients' demographic data, follow-up records and pathology reports were recorded. AR expression status and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters were evaluated. The chi-square test was used to compare independent groups. Univariate survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier survival procedure. A p value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.There was no significant relationship between AR expression and AJCC stage (p=0.585), pathologic stage (p=0.696), histologic grade (p=0.685), lymph-node status (p=0.685), survival rate (p=1.000), age(p=1.000), lymphovascular invasion (p=0.700), perineural invasion(p=1.000), skin invasion (p=1.000), nipple involvement(p=1.000), DCIS presence(p=1.000), ER positivity(p=1.000), PR positivity (p=0.218), Her2 expression (p=0.523), Ki67 index (p=0.685), Luminal A group (p=0.700), Luminal B group (p=0.691), triple negative group (p=1.000).Further investigation of the relation between AR expression and clinicopathological parameters of patients with MBC might yield important information and lead to the development of additional treatment options.Androgen receptor, AR expression, breast cancer, Male Breast cancer, Prognosis, Receptor status.

Introduction/Aim: Regular exercise may have beneficial effects on high blood-pressure, as shown in different types of experimental hypertension models in rats. The present study aims to investigate...

Bu calismanin amaci yuksek cevresel sicakliklarda yetistirilen etlik piliclerde sogutulmus tunek kullanimi ve altlik kalinliginin performans, et kalitesi, karkas ve davranis ozellikleri uzerine etkilerini arastirmaktir. Toplam 459 bir gunluk yasta erkek etlik pilicler, tunek denemesi (tunek yok, sogutma olmayan ve soguk tunek) ve altlik kalinliklarina (1, 7 ve 14 cm) rastgele 3 tekrarli olacak sekilde 9 gruba yerlestirilmistir. Sogutulmus tunek grubunda yetistirilen etlik piliclerde 6. haftada canli agirlik en yuksek degerde bulunmustur. 1 cm altlik kalinligi grubunda yetistirilen etlik piliclerde altinci haftada canli agirligi 7 ve 14 cm kalinlik grubunda yetistirilen tavuklara gore daha yuksek bulunmustur. Kesim oncesi canli agirligi ve karkas agirligi, butun gogus ve kalcali but agirliklari 1 cm altlik kalinligi grubunda daha yuksek bulunmustur. Altinci haftada ve incelenen tum saatler icin etlik piliclerin tunek ile temasi bakimindan sogutulmus tunekler ile temas sikligi sogutulmamis tunek temasina gore daha yuksektir. Sonuc olarak, yuksek sicakliklara maruz kalan etlik piliclerde soguk tunek ve 1 cm altlik kalinliginin etlik pilic performansi uzerine olumlu etkisinin oldugu belirlenmistir

Zeytin ağacı yetiştiriciliği ve zeytin işleme endüstrisinin yan ürünlerinden biri olan zeytin yaprağı yüzyıllar boyunca geleneksel halk hekimliğinde kullanılmıştır. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda ise zeytin yaprağının birçok biyoaktiviteye sahip olduğu belirlenmiş ve bu etkiler içeriğinde bulunan yüksek fenolik bileşik miktarı ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Zeytin yaprağında bulunan en baskın fenolik bileşik elenolik asit ve 3,4-dihidroksifeniletanolün heterozidik esteri olan oleuropeindir. Bundan dolayı, zeytin yaprağından katma değeri yüksek bileşiklerin ekstrakte edilmesine yönelik bazı çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmiş ve elde edilen ham fenolik ekstrakt ve oleuropeinin antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca sentetik gıda koruyucularının yan etkisi ve toksisitesine karşı şüphelerin artmasından dolayı zeytin yaprağı ekstraktı ve oleuropeinin gıda sanayiinde kullanım olanaklarının arttırılmasına yönelik bazı çalışmalarda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu derlemede, zeytin yaprağı fenolik bileşikleri ve zeytin yaprağından fenolik bileşik ekstraksiyonu, zeytin yaprağı ekstraktı ve oleuropeinin antioksidan kapasitesi, antimikrobiyal aktivitesi ile gıdalarda kullanım olanaklarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Purpose: interest in measures to surgical quality improvement is increasing with increased awareness of iatrogenic injuries. These injuries can be prevented by an improved organisational safety habit. We implemented preoperative surgical strategy meeting chart in the clinical and operational basis in our hospital to improve postoperative outcomes. This study was conducted as comparement of outcomes of patients with and without implementation of preoperative surgical strategy meeting forms. Material and methods: data including the demographic characteristics of patients, procedural data, and data of preoperative surgical strategy meeting were recorded retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups according to the preoperative surgical strategy meeting chart application status. Group 1 included the patients with provided PSSM and group 2 included the remaining patients. Data related with surgical procedure and patients’ outcomes were compared between these groups. Results: one hundred and forty patients were enrolled in this study. The mean age of the patients was 45.28±17 years. The female to male ratio was 62:78. Patients were grouped according to the application status of PSSM. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean age, sex, operation type (emergent or elective) and conversion to open surgery rates. In Group 2 being ready of patient file in the operating theatre preoperatively was statistically significantly low when compared to Group 1 (p=0.021). Operation time was detected statistically significant short for patients in Group 1 (p, NA

The incidence of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), a breast cancer type comprising several variants with distinct morphological and molecular features and clinical behaviors, has been increasing in recent years. Unlike the well-defined classical lobular carcinoma, the most common ILC variant, some uncertainties remain regarding the features of other ILC variants. Therefore, we investigated the clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of specific ILC variants.This retrospective study compared the tumor and patient characteristics and outcomes according to specific ILC variants in 77 patients who underwent surgery for ILC between January 2010 and December 2016 at a single center in Turkey.The mean patient age was 54.58 ± 11.7 years. The ILC variants were classical, pleomorphic, tubulolobular, solid, and signet ring cell in 49(63.6%), 14(18.2%), 10(12.8%), 2(2.7%), and 2(2.7%) patients, respectively. The mean tumor diameter, histological grade, Ki-67 proliferation index, nodal metastasis, E-cadherin expression, lymphovascular invasion, and type of surgery were significantly different among the variants. However, there were no significant differences in the rates of local recurrence, distant metastasis, and overall survival among the variants.Despite the good prognostic characteristics and good response to treatment, several studies have reported that ILC is associated with poor long-term outcomes. Therefore, significant challenges remain in the management of ILC. Although it is believed to be a specific histological type, ILC is clinically and pathologically heterogenous. Therefore, the identification of patients with poor prognostic variants should aid in the implementation of efficient and personalized treatment options.Breast cancer, Invasive cancer, Invasive lobuler carcinoma, Prognosis, Variants of lobuler carcinoma.L’incidenza del carcinoma lobulare invasivo (ILC), un tipo di carcinoma mammario comprendente diverse varianti con caratteristiche morfologiche e molecolari e comportamenti clinici distinti, è aumentata negli ultimi anni. A differenza del carcinoma lobulare classico ben definito, la variante ILC più comune, permangono alcune incertezze riguardo alle caratteristiche di altre varianti ILC. Pertanto, abbiamo studiato le caratteristiche clinicopatologiche e gli esiti di sopravvivenza di specifiche varianti ILC. In questo studio retrospettivo sono state confrontate le caratteristiche e gli esiti del tumore e del paziente secondo specifiche varianti ILC in 77 pazienti sottoposte al trattamento chirurgico per ILC tra gennaio 2010 e dicembre 2016 in un singolo centro in Turchia. Risultati: l’età media delle pazienti era di 54,58 ± 11,7 anni. Le varianti di ILC considerate erano a cellule classiche, a cellule pleomorfe, tubulolobulari, solide e con anello a sigillo, rispettivamente in 49 (63,6%), 14 (18,2%), 10 (12,8%), 2 (2,7%) e 2 (2,7%). Il diametro medio del tumore, il grado istologico, l’indice di proliferazione del Ki-67, la metastasi linfonodali, l’espressione della caderina E, l’invasione linfovascolare e il tipo di trattamento chirurgico sono state significativamente differenti tra le varianti. Tuttavia, non vi sono state differenze significative nei tassi di recidiva locale, metastasi a distanza e sopravvivenza globale tra le varianti. Conclusioni: nonostante le buone caratteristiche prognostiche e la buona risposta al trattamento, diversi studi hanno riportato che l’ILC è associato a scarsi risultati a lungo termine. Pertanto, permangono sfide significative nella gestione dell’ILC. Anche se si ritiene che sia un tipo istologico specifico, l’ILC è eterogeneo clinicamente e patologicamente. Pertanto, l’identificazione di pazienti con scarse varianti prognostiche dovrebbe aiutare nell’implementazione di opzioni terapeutiche efficienti e personalizzate.

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic is pronounced in each healthcare process, including the management of breast cancer. The anxiety of COVID-19 changes patient preferences and some delay in routine controls and surgical managements occur. Some disintegration in medical care is to be expected during the pandemic, but the new coping strategies are needed in order to avoid delayed diagnosis of breast cancer.A total number of 140 patients assigned for biopsy and diagnosed with breast cancer in our tertiary clinic between December 1st and August 31st were classified into 3 groups; A (December-February), B (March-May) and C (June-August) in order to compare the stage of breast cancer at the time of diagnosis before, during and after the peak period of pandemic. Clinical stage and age at presentation, family history of breast, ovarian and other types of cancer, BRCA (genetic testing), menopausal status, side of involvement (uni- or bilateral), histopathologic subtype, receptor positivity and molecular subtype were recorded for each patient.Group A included 20 stage I (27.77 %), 32 stage II (44.44 %), 16 stage III (22.22 %) and 4 stage IV (5.55 %) breast cancer patients. Group B had 5 stage I (22.72 %), 8 stage II (36.36 %), 7 stage III (31.81 %) and 2 stage IV (9.09 %) breast cancer patients. Whereas in group C there were 4 stage I (8.69 %), 21 stage II (45.65 %), 16 stage III (34.78 %) and 5 stage IV (10.86 %) patients with breast cancer. The number of late-stage cancer patients in group C was significantly higher in comparison with the other groups (p0.05).We speculate that the change in incidence of breast cancer by stage is attributable to a delay in the diagnosis of breast cancer due to COVID-19 related restrictions and presentation of new cases at more advanced stages once the restrictions were eased.Biopsy, Breast cancer, COVID-19, PandemicStage.L’impatto della pandemia di COVID-19 è evidente in ogni situazione di patologia, inclusa la gestione del cancro al seno. L’ansia di COVID-19 cambia le preferenze delle pazienti e si verificano alcuni ritardi nei controlli di routine e nelle terapie chirurgiche. Durante la pandemia è prevedibile una certa disorganizzazione dell’assistenza medica, ma sono necessarie nuove strategie per far fronte e per evitare ritardi della diagnosi di cancro al seno. Abbiamo classificato in tre gruppi un totale di 140 pazienti nella nostra clinica terziaria tra il 1 ° dicembre e il 31 agosto, destinate a biopsia e con diagnosi di cancro al seno; gruppo A (dicembre-febbraio), gruppo B (marzo-maggio) e gruppo C (giugno-agosto) per confrontare lo stadio del cancro al seno al momento della diagnosi prima, durante e dopo il periodo di picco della pandemia. Per ogni paziente sono stati registrati stadio clinico ed età alla presentazione, storia familiare di cancro al seno, alle ovaie e altri tipi di cancro, test genetico BRCA, stato della menopausa, lato del coinvolgimento (mono o bilaterale), sottotipo istopatologico, positività del recettore e sottotipo molecolare RISULTATI: il gruppo A comprendeva 20 pazienti con carcinoma mammario in stadio I (27,77%), 32 in stadio II (44,44%), 16 in stadio III (22,22%) e 4 in stadio IV (5,55%). Il gruppo B aveva 5 pazienti con cancro al seno in stadio I (22,72%), 8 stadio in stadio II (36,36%), 7 stadio in stadio III (31,81%) e 2 in stadio IV (9,09%). Mentre nel gruppo C c’erano 4 pazienti in stadio I (8,69%), 21 in stadio II (45,65%), 16 in stadio III (34,78%) e 5 in stadio IV (10,86%). Il numero delle pazienti affette da cancro in stadio avanzato nel gruppo C è risultato significativamente più alto rispetto agli altri gruppi (p0,05). CONCLUSIONE: ipotizziamo che il cambiamento nell’incidenza del cancro al seno per stadio sia attribuibile a un ritardo nella diagnosi di cancro al seno a causa delle restrizioni correlate al COVID-19 e alla presentazione di nuovi casi a stadi più avanzati una volta che le restrizioni sono state allentate.

In this investigation, attempts have been made to study the corrosion inhibition properties of three new triazepine carboxylate compounds for mild steel in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid medium. The evaluation was carried out using mass loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization curves measurement. Impedance diagrams and Bode plots for uninhibited and inhibited systems were analyzed using Zview program. The fitted data observed trails in nearly the same pattern as the experimental results. It is showed that triazepine carboxylate compounds are very good inhibitors for mild steel corrosion in 1.0 M hydrochloric acid medium which act as mixed-type inhibitors. So, the inhibition efficiency was increased with inhibitor concentration in the order Cl–Me–CN > Me–CN > Cl–Me–CO2Et which depended on their molecular structures. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that all compounds act by the formation of a protective film at the metal surface. Surface analyses via SEM and Optical 3D profilometry were used to investigate the morphology of the steels before and after immersion in 1.0 M HCl solution containing inhibitors. The correspondence between inhibition property and molecular structure of the triazepine carboxylate compounds was investigated, using density functional theory (DFT). Experimental and DFT study was further supported by molecular dynamic simulations study.

Aim:The etiology of mastalgia is not fully understood. We evaluated the relationship between electromyography (EMG) measurements of the pectoralis major (PM) muscle and mastalgia in patients with non-cyclic unilateral mastalgia.Methods:Thirty-one patients who were admitted to the breast surgery outpatient clinic due to the complaints of intermittent or continuous unilateral non-cyclic mastalgia for at least one month were included in the study. Data on age, family history, age of menarche, body mass index (BMI), physical examination, breast ultrasonography and mammography findings and amplitudes, latency and cutaneous silent period (CSP) in EMG of the right and left PM muscles were noted.Results:The mean age of the patients was 43.3 (20-65) years; mastalgia affected the left breast and the right breast in 22 (71%) and nine (29%), respectively. Twenty-three patients (74.1%) had a BMI of ≥25 kg/m2. There was a size difference between the two breasts in eleven patients. The EMG results of PM muscles in healthy and mastalgia sides were compared and there was no significant difference observed between the amplitude and resistance parameters. The mastalgia side had significantly higher CSP values.Conclusion:Prolonged CSP suggests that unilateral mastalgia may be associated with pain modulating mechanisms of the central nervous system.

We investigated the effect of in-feed and/or in-litter supplemental humate against footpad dermatitis (FPD) in broilers fed diets based on barley. Three hundred and sixty 1-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly distributed to 24 floor pens (4 treatments, each consisting of 6 replicate pens; 15 chickens per pen) as a completely randomized design with 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of two levels of supplemental humate in feed (0 and 1 g/kg feed) and litter (0 and 5 g/kg litter). Growth performance, intestinal viscosity, litter quality, and incidence and severity of FPD in broilers were measured. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were determined in blood and footpad tissues of broilers with different FPD scores. The results revealed that there was no interaction between humate supplementation to feed and litter. Neither dietary nor litter supplementation of humate had a significant effect on growth performance, intestinal viscosity, litter quality, and occurrence of FPD. And also, MDA and SOD levels in serum and footpad tissue did not affect by either dietary or litter supplementation of humate. The presence of FPD (score 1) had no effect on MDA and SOD levels in serum, however, increased the MDA and SOD levels (P

Pancarcı, Şükrü Metin (Balikesir Author), In the present study, it was aimed to compare of resynchronization with used progesterone (P4) releasing intravaginal device (PRID), with modified ovulation synchronization in cyclic and non-cyclic Holstein heifers. Animals were randomly divided into two groups; Group I (GI, n=87) and Group II (GII, n=88). Fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) following modified Ovsynch protocol with PRID insertion, was performed to all animals. In GI, used PRID was reinserted to the same animals, 15 days after the first FTAI (day 25) for 12 days. Pregnancies were detected by ultrasound in all groups on day 37. For resynchronization, prostaglandin (PG) F2α was applied to non-pregnant animals on day 37. In GI, following 48 hours from PGF2α injection, the gonadotropin-releasing hormone was administrated, and after 18 hours the second FTAI was performed. No additional treatments were applied to the nonpregnant animals found in GII, and heifers were taken to the routine service program. In both groups, the second pregnancy diagnosis was performed 27 days after inseminations by transrectal ultrasonography. Pregnancy rates (PR) following the first and overall inseminations in cyclic and non-cyclic heifers (GI and GII) were detected as 66.4% and 52.3% (P>0.05); 76.3% and 59.1% (P>0.05), respectively. In conclusion, the usage of PRID in the Ovsynch and resynchronization protocol resulted in higher PRs of non-cyclic heifers than cyclic heifers. Moreover, this study reveals that the initial P4 levels of non-cyclic animals should be used as a determinant for pregnancy success in dairy heifers., Sunulan çalışmada, siklik ve siklik olmayan Holştayn ırkı düvelerde modifiye ovulasyon senkronizasyonu ve kullanılmış progesteron (P4) salan intravajinal araç (PRID) ile resenkronizasyonun etkinliğinin karşılaştırılması amaçlandı. Hayvanlar rastgele iki gruba ayrıldı; Grup I (GI, n = 87) ve Grup II (G II, n = 88). Tüm hayvanlara PRID eklenerek modifiye edilmiş bir Ovsynch protokolünü takiben sabit zamanlı suni tohumlama (SZT) yapıldı. Grup I’de, kullanılmış PRID, ilk SZT’dan 15 gün sonra (25. gün) 12 gün süreyle aynı hayvanlara tekrar yerleştirildi. Tüm gruplarda 37. günde ultrason ile gebelikler saptandı. Resenkronizasyon için, gebe olmayan hayvanlara 37. günde prostaglandin (PG) F2α uygulandı. Grup I’de PGF2α enjeksiyonundan 48 saat sonra gonadotropin salgılatıcı hormon uygulandı ve 18 saat sonra ikinci SZT yapıldı. Grup II’ deki gebe olmayan hayvanlara ilave tedavi uygulanmadı ve düveler rutin tohumlama programına alındı. Her iki grupta da ikinci gebelik teşhisi SZT’dan 27 gün sonra transrektal ultrasonografi ile yapıldı. Siklik ve siklik olmayan düvelerdeki (GI ve GII) ilk ve tüm tohumlamaları takiben gebelik oranları sırasıyla %66,4 ve %52,3 (P>0,05); %76,3 ve %59,1 (P>0,05) olarak saptandı. Sonuç olarak, Ovsynch ve resenkronizasyon protokolünde PRID kullanımı, siklik olmayan düvelerin siklik olan düvelerden daha yüksek gebelik oranları ile sonuçlandı. Ayrıca, bu çalışma, siklik olmayan hayvanların başlangıçtaki P4 düzeylerinin, sütçü düvelerde gebelik başarısı için belirleyici olarak kullanılması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Objectives: Diverticular disease of the colon is a pathology that arises from outward ballooning of the mucosa due to some weakness in the muscle layer. Diverticular disease may range from symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease to symptomatic disease with complications, such as acute diverticulitis or diverticular bleeding. Acute colonic diverticulitis occurs in about 10- 25% of patients. Methods: In this study, 134 patients who were admitted to our emergency clinic with complaints of abdominal pain between 2016-2019 and hospitalized with the diagnosis of acute diverticulitis were included. Patients’ sex, age, presence of additional disease, increase in leukocyte and C-reactive protein (CRP), localization of diverticulitis, Hinchey classification, mean length of hospital stay and treatment were evaluated. The effects of these parameters on complications and recurrence were statistically analyzed. Results: The length of hospital stay was statistically significantly associated positively with the Hinchey classification (p

Aims Type 2 diabetes caused by obesity is increasing globally. Bariatric surgical procedures are known to have positive effects on glucose homeostasis through neurohormonal action mechanisms. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the factors influencing glucose homeostasis independent of weight loss after the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Methods Patients who underwent LSG for morbid obesity in a 3‐year period were evaluated. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics (duration of diabetes, resected gastric volume, antral resection margin) and laboratory parameters (preoperative and postoperative blood glucose on fasting, preoperative HbA1c levels and first‐year HbA1c levels) were retrospectively reviewed. Effect of patients' body mass index (, Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy can control blood glucose levels in short term after surgery regardless of weight loss. Therefore, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy should be preferred at earlier stages in the treatment of obesity‐related T2DM, rather than last resort.

PURPOSE: While the pathogenesis of schizophrenia has yet to be fully clarified, a huge amount of data suggests the involvement of endocannabinoid system and neurotrophic factors in schizophrenia. Nevertheless, only a very limited number of studies have investigated these two systems together. With this disease containing various unknowns, our primary aim was to simultaneously investigate the serum levels of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) enzymes, which play significant roles in endocannabinoid system mechanisms, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as a frequently investigated and important neurotrophic factor in patients with psychiatric disorders. METHODS: This study comprised a total of 34 (24 men, 10 women) schizophrenia patients and 35 (26 men, 9 women) healthy control groups, aged between 18 and 65 years. PANNS and Clinical Global Impression Scale Severity of Illness (CGI-SI) were used to measure disease severity. Serum FAAH, MAGL and BDNF levels of the patients and controls were measured by conventional methods. FINDINGS: Compared to the healthy control group, patients with schizophrenia had decreased FAAH activity, increased MAGL activity and lower BDNF levels. No correlation was noted between BDNF serum levels with FAAH or MAGL activities. CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study showed that there were changes in the levels of metabolizing enzymes of the endocannabinoid system in schizophrenia patients, and these changes were accompanied by a decrease in BDNF levels. While this study provided important information, primarily investigating endocannabinoids and the neurotrophic factor in schizophrenia, future research should be conducted on better designed patient groups and investigate additional parameters.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic and treatment approaches for patients diagnosed with mesenteric panniculitis. Material and methods We retrospectively reviewed all patients diagnosed with mesenteric panniculitis between January 2010 and March 2016. We recorded the demographic features, clinical symptoms, laboratory values, radiological methods, treatment approach, and outcomes of the patients. Results We evaluated 22 patients (17 male and five female) with a mean age of 45.8±15.7 years. The most frequent complaint was abdominal pain. The patients' histories included colon cancer (n=1), prostatic cancer (n=2), renal cell cancer (n=1), diabetes mellitus (n=4), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n=1). Laboratory values revealed elevated C-reactive protein levels in 14 patients (43%). Computed tomography was performed in all the patients. Only 10 patients were followed up in the surgical ward, the remaining 12 underwent outpatient treatment. No complication associated with hospitalization or during outpatient follow-up period was observed. Conclusion Mesenteric panniculitis can be successfully treated conservatively without surgical intervention. Clinical doubt is of great importance for diagnosis, and plausible underlying malignancy should be kept in mind.

WOS: 000389768800022, In this pure theoretical study, a hitherto unexplored equation based on Shannon radii of the ions forming that crystal and chemical hardness of any crystal to calculate the lattice energies of simple inorganic ionic crystals has been presented. To prove the credibility of this equation, the results of the equation have been compared with experimental outcome obtained from Born-Fajans-Haber- cycle which is fundamentally enthalpy-based thermochemical cycle and prevalent theoretical approaches proposed for the calculation of lattice energies of ionic compounds. The results obtained and the comparisons made have demonstrated that the new equation is more useful compared to other theoretical approaches and allows to exceptionally accurate calculation of lattice energies of inorganic ionic crystals without doing any complex calculations.

In this study, effects of different tea concentrations and extraction durations on some characteristics of tea liqueurs were investigated. Total phenolics of tea liqueurs produced with different tea ratio and extraction duration were determined as 1496.8–4796.2 mgGAE/L. Caffeine was the major compound in all liqueur samples. Among phenolic compounds, gallic acid was the major phenolic and it was followed by epigallocatechin. The liqueurs with 7.5% tea ratio and 15–30 days extraction durations had the greatest total catechin contents. Sensory analyzes revealed that the liqueurs produced with 5% tea ratio and 15 and 30 day extractions were the most favourable samples.

WOS: 000416731800006, In the present paper, new and useful theoreticalmethods for the estimation of cohesive energy density (Ced) and isothermal compressibility (k(T)) of alkali metal halides are described. The mentioned theoretical methods include the use of Kaya molecular hardness equation published by us in recent years. Cohesive energy density and isothermal compressibility of alkali metal halides were calculated in the framework of mentioned theoretical methods and the results obtained were compared with both experimental data and the results of previous theoretical methods proposed to calculate the aforementioned quantities, namely cohesive energy density and isothermal compressibility. It is important to note that the results obtained in the study are in good agreement with the available experimental data and with the results of previous theoretical methods. Additionally, we also investigated the correlation with lattice energy of cohesive energy density and isothermal compressibility for alkali halides. [GRAPHICS] .

Objective: Spontaneous rectus sheath hematoma is a rare and often overlooked cause of acute abdominal pain. In this study, we aimed to present the results of patients with rectus sheath hematoma who received conservative treatment. Materials and Methods: In this study, the demographic data, complaints, medical history, and data pertaining to the treatment provided to 9 patients were retrospectively retrieved from the computerized patient record system and imaging archives. The included patients presented with abdominal pain to our hospital’s emergency room between January 2010 and 2016, were diagnosed with spontaneous rectus hematoma, and received conservative treatment. Results: The female/male ratio of the 9 patients who participated in this study was 1:2, and the average age was 48.8 years. All the patients were admitted to the emergency department with abdominal pain. Three patients had a history of oral anticoagulant use, 3 patients had a history of hypertension, and 1 patient had a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder. No predisposing factor was detected in the other 2 patients. There was a history of severe cough in 4 patients prior to their complaints; however, there was no history of coughing, trauma, or a surgery that would lead to this condition in the other patients. Five of the 9 patients received conservative treatment as inpatient treatment for rectus hematoma, while 4 patients received it as outpatient treatment. The average duration of hospital stay of the patients was 3 days. A cerebrovascular infarction that did not cause permanent damage developed in 1 patient 2 weeks after discharge. No additional morbidity or mortality was observed in any of the other patients. Conclusion: Spontaneous rectus sheath hematoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain that occurs after a persistent cough, particularly in patients receiving anticoagulant therapy. It is thought that the cases respond well to conservative treatment for etiology.

WOS: 000394063300047, Lattice energy and bond stretching force constant are two quantities considered in many fields of chemistry and physics. Both quantities can be used to describe the stability or reactivity of a simple system. In the present study, by inspecting the correlation between lattice energies and bond stretching force constants for some sets of simple ionic molecules having similar bonding type, we present simple and useful equations to estimate the bond stretching force constants of simple ionic compounds. In order to determine lattice energies taken into account in this study, Born-Haber-Fajans (BHF) thermochemical cycle and lattice energy equations proposed by Jenkins and Kaya were used. It is shown that bond force constant of a simple ionic compound can be easily calculated in agreement with its spectroscopic counterpart through its lattice energy value. Percentage deviation values determined considering calculated and observed bond stretching force constants for the tested ionic compounds are pretty small except of some molecules like cesium halides (CsF, CsCl, CsBr). Such small values of percentage deviation probe the reliability and validity of the correlation between lattice energy and bond stretching force constant. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved., Millennium Science Initiative (ICM, Chile); FONDECYT (Chile); UNAB [NC120082, 1140343, UNAB DI-806-15/R], EC thank the Millennium Science Initiative (ICM, Chile), FONDECYT (Chile) and UNAB through Grant Nos. NC120082, 1140343 and UNAB DI-806-15/R, respectively.

Objectives: We aimed to remind and emphasize the importance of male breast cancer with radiological and histopathological results of the patients diagnosed in our institution. Methods: Men who had proven breast cancer by histopathological analysis between February 2010-April 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. The mammographic, ultrasonographic, magnetic resonance and positron-emission-tomography imaging features and histopathological results of the masses were noted. Results: Twenty-five men were included in this study. Mean age of the patients was 62.9 (min:42; max: 82) with a mean size of lesions was 26.4 mm (min:10 mm; max: 70 mm). All the lesions were presented as a palpable mass. According to imaging features of the five patients who had mammography, all the four patients were presented as a mass but one patient as asymmetrical density. According to imaging features of the 20 patients who had an ultrasound, 16 (80%) lesions were presented as hypoechoic solid masses with irregular margins, while four (20%) were presented as complex-cystic masses with irregular margins. All the patients were diagnosed as invasive ductal cancer with luminal subtype by histopathological analysis. Conclusion: Even at young ages, the palpable lesion may be the only symptom of male breast cancer. Male breast cancer is generally presented as retroareolar mass and detected in advanced stages, probably due to low awareness and lack of screening programme. Invasive ductal cancer is the most common type of male breast cancer with the luminal subtype.

Objective: In the present study, we aimed to examine the relationship between the oxidative metabolism with disease severity, sociodemographic, and clinical characteristics in the patients with schizophrenia. Methods: Seventy-one patients with schizophrenia and 76 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Plasma total antioxidant level (TAL) and total oxidant level (TOL) were analyzed, and oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in TOL and OSI and decrease in TAL in the patients with schizophrenia compared to the controls (p

Objective: Amyand’s hernia is described as the presence of vemiform appendix in the inguinal hernia sac and this condition is mostly incidental. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the role of appendectomy and the mesh repair in the patients with Amyand’s hernia. Material and Methods: The clinical and laboratory findings, and treatment modalities of 12 patients with Amyand’s hernia among 6630 inguinal hernia patients who underwent surgery between January 2000 and May 2015, were retrospectively recorded. Moloney darn repair was performed in the patients who had inflamed appendix whereas Lichtenstein repair was performed in the patients who had non-inflamed appendix. Results: All of the patients were male with a mean age of 48.9 years (range 28-67 years). The most common symptoms and pain in the patients were swelling of the right inguinal area and pain. Three patients underwent emergency surgery due to incarcerated right inguinal hernia while remaining nine patients underwent elective surgical repair. The diagnosis of Amyand’s hernia was made during hernia surgery and routine appendectomy was performed in all patients. The only complication was the wound infection which was observed in the patient with perforated appendicitis (8.3%). The mean follow-up period was 80.4 months (range: 8-180 months) and there were no recurrent cases. Conclusion: The appendectomy can be performed safely in the patients with Amnyand’s hernia. The repair for inguinal hernia may provide satisfactory results in the absence of inflammation.

Objective Human serum paraoxonase (PON1) prevents lipids from peroxidation and functions as an antioxidant mechanism. Malonyldialdehyde (MDA) is the final product of lipid peroxidation and can be used as an indicator of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate PON1, MDA, and arylesterase (ARY) levels in schizophrenic patients who are taking typical, atypical, or combined (typical and atypical) antipsychotic drug treatment, with respect to those of healthy controls. Methods We evaluated 41 patients (11 taking typical antipsychotics, 19 taking atypical antipsychotics, 11 taking combined anti-psychotics) and 43 healthy controls. Results MDA levels were higher in schizophrenic patients taking typical antipsychotics compared with healthy controls (p=0.001). ARY levels were higher in patients taking atypical antipsychotics compared with healthy controls (p=0.005). PON1 activity was similar in all groups. Conclusion Our results indicate that treatment with typical antipsychotic drugs could be related to increased MDA levels; and antipsychotic medication may increase PON1 levels in schizophrenic patients.

WOS: 000388046800055, This study consists of two parts. In the first part, the inhibitive performance of six mono-azo dye (MAD_ 1 6 ) derivatives was investigated experimentally (gravimetric, thermometric, UVvisible spec-trophotometric and electrochemical potentiostatic methods) and computationally against corrosion of Fe metal in 2 M HNO3 and 2 M NaOH solutions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and molec-ular dynamics simulation (MDS) approach were performed. Quantum chemical parameters such as the highest occupied molecular orbital energy (E-HOMO ), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (E-LUMO), the energy gap between E-LUMO and E-HOMO (Delta E ), dipole moment (D ), chemical hardness (eta), softness (sigma), electronegativity (chi), proton affinity, global electrophilicity (omega), global nucleophilicity (epsilon) and total energy (sum of electronic and zero-point energies) were calculated and discussed with the help of HF/SDD, HF/6-311 G, HF/6-31++G, B3LYP/SDD, B3LYP/6-311 G and B3LYP/6-31++G methods. Polarization measurements indicate that (MAD) compounds are of mixed-type inhibitor in acidic, act mainly as cathodic in alkaline solution. Kinetic model involving binding constant (K-b ), active sites (1/y) and standard free energy values of adsorption (Delta G degrees) were compared with the parameters of equilibrium constant (K-ads ), lateral interac-tion (f ) and (Delta G degrees), that obtained from Frumkin adsorption isotherm model. Then, we calculated binding energies on Fe (110) surface of the inhibitors. The theoretical data obtained are in good agreement with the experimental inhibition efficiency results., Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry at Baljarashi, Al-Baha University, (Saudi Arabia); Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry at Cumhuriyet University (Turkey); Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry at Tongren University (China), I gratefully acknowledge Faculties of Science, Departments of Chemistry at Baljarashi, Al-Baha University, (Saudi Arabia), Cumhuriyet University (Turkey), and Tongren University (China), for the financial assistance and facilitation of our research.

WOS: 000380624500053, The adsorption and corrosion inhibition properties of three piperidine derivatives namely, (1-(5-fluoro-2-(methylthio) pyrimidine-4-yl) piperidine 4 yl) 2,5-dimethoxybenzenesulfonamide (FMPPDBS), (1-(5-fluoro-2-(methylthio) pyrimidine-4-yl) piperidine-4-yl)-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide (FMPPNBS), (1-(5-fluoro-2-(methylthio) pyrimidine-4-yl) piperidine-4-yl)-3-methoxybenzenesulfonamide (FMPPMBS) on the corrosion of iron were investigated by performing quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. Global reactivity parameters such as E-HOMO, E-LUMO, HOMO-LUMO energy gap (Delta E), chemical hardness, softness, electronegativity, proton affinity, electrophilicity and nucleophilicity have been calculated and discussed. The adsorption behaviors of these piperidine derivatives on Fe(110), Fe(100) and Fe(111) surfaces were investigated using molecular dynamics simulation. The binding energies on metal surface of studied compounds followed the order: FMPPDBS > FMPPMBS> FMPPNBS and this ranking obtained is consistent with the experimental data. (C) 2016 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

OBJECTIVE: Many neurochemical systems have been implicated in the development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The prolidase enzyme is a cytosolic exopeptidase that detaches proline or hydroxyproline from the carboxyl terminal position of dipeptides. Prolidase has important biological effects, and to date, its role in the etiology of PTSD has not been studied. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate prolidase activity in patients with PTSD. METHODS: The study group consisted of patients who were diagnosed with PTSD after the earthquake that occurred in the province of Van in Turkey in 2011 (n=25); the first control group consisted of patients who experienced the earthquake but did not show PTSD symptoms (n=26) and the second control group consisted of patients who have never been exposed to a traumatic event (n=25). Prolidase activities in the patients and the control groups were determined by the ELISA method using commercial kits. RESULTS: Prolidase activity in the patient group was significantly lower when compared to the control groups. Prolidase activity was also significantly lower in the traumatized healthy subjects compared to the other healthy group (pCONCLUSION: The findings of the present study suggest that the decrease in prolidase activity may have neuroprotective effects in patients with PTSD. Language: en

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate oxidative stress and DNA damage among children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with or without disruptive behavioral disorders (DBD).

The partial agonist aripiprazole is a novel atypical antipsychotic with a relatively safer side effect profile. Acute unilateral myopia is a very rare condition that is commonly associated with drug use. Here, we present a woman diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) who have been treated for two years in our clinic. She was on fluoxetine (Prozac) 80 mg/day when adding aripiprazole (Abilify) 10 mg/day as an augmentation agent has triggered unilateral myopia. After cessation of aripirazole her myopia has disappeared. Psychiatrists should keep in mind that unilateral myopia as a side effect may develop after combining aripiprazole with fluoxetine in patients with OCD and MDD.