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Individuals’ information seeking and the role of emotions are important to crisis communication research. A survey was conducted (N = 1100) to examine the chain effects of crisis factors on college young adults’ discrete emotions and perceived channel significance. Key findings suggest that crisis factors affect channel significance both directly and indirectly. Crisis factors overall elicit more fear and anxiety (attribution-independent emotions) than anger and sympathy (attribution-dependent emotions). Uncertainty does not affect perceived channel significance, while urgency prompts individuals to seek out non-traditional media and severity affects information seeking on all channels. Attribution-independent emotions such as fear and sadness have positive mediating effects, and attribution-dependent emotions such as anger and sympathy have negative mediating effects. Finally, media richness per se may not be a prominent concern during emergencies.

Cadherin is an epidermal growth factor and laminin-G seven-pass G-type receptor 1 (CELSR1) is a key component of the noncanonical Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway that critically regulates endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. In this study, we examined the biological significance of CELSR1 in endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis. For this, we applied both gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches. To increase the endogenous expression of CELSR1, we used the transcription activator-like effector (TALE) technology and constructed an artificial TALE-VP64 activator. To knock down the expression of CELSR1, we generated lentivirus containing short hairpin RNA sequences targeting different regions of CELSR1 mRNA. Following up- or down-regulation of CELSR1 in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC), we assessed in vitro cell proliferation by MTT assay, migration by scratch and transwell migration assays, and angiogenesis by tube formation analysis. We found that CELSR1 was endogenously expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and HAEC. When focusing on HAEC, we found that upregulating CELSR1 expression significantly promoted cell growth, while knocking down CELSR1 inhibited the growth (p < 0.05). Using both scratch and transwell migration assays, we observed a positive correlation between CELSR1 expression and cell migratory capability. In addition, CELSR1 upregulation led to higher levels of tube formation in HAEC, while downregulating CELSR1 expression decreased tube formation (p < 0.05). Mechanistically, CELSR1-regulated migration and tube formation was mediated through disheveled segment polarity protein 3 (Dvl3). In conclusion, CELSR1 plays an important role in regulating multiple phenotypes of endothelial cells, including proliferation, migration, and formation of capillary-like structures.

Mobile Internet has developed rapidly, and various types of mobile Internet services have changed people’s lifestyles profoundly. Consequently, there is a broad market for mobile Internet service providers. To provide better service and attract users, service providers must understand their users’ behavior patterns. This study proposes a framework to model users’ mobile online behavior based on a multi-state model and a hidden Markov model; this study also extracts typical sequential behavior patterns through clustering methods. The results of the experiments display several characteristic behavior patterns that can guide service providers in application designing, operating, and marketing.

Increasing adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal formation (HF) has been proposed as a potential foundation for neuronal repair in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the evidence remains controversial. We used P8 strain of senescence-accelerated mice (SAMP8) as a model of AD to investigate changes in adult neurogenesis. We examined new proliferating cells and their survival in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the HF using 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling and investigated newborn cell development and differentiation with a combination of phenotype markers. In 5-month-old SAMP8, the number of BrdU(+) cells in the DG was significantly increased relative to controls, in accordance with the rising numbers of doublecortin-positive (DCX(+)) immature neurons. Some of these BrdU(+) cells migrated to cornu ammonis 1 (CA1), possibly related to the compensation of neuronal loss. However, the capacity of neurogenesis to compensate neuronal loss during neurodegeneration was limited. First, only half of the BrdU(+) cells survived 4weeks after mitosis, and even fewer developed into neuron-specific nuclear protein positive (NeuN(+)) mature neurons. Second, the number of BrdU(+) cells and DCX(+) cells was decreased in 10-month-old SAMP8, which exhibited progressive neurodegeneration. In addition, the results provided insight into astrocytes as a crucial component of the neurogenic niche. The number of newborn astrocytes and expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were diminished in the DG of SAMP8 animals, possibly explaining the insufficient neurogenesis. Thus, stimulating limited neurogenesis in AD by improving the neurogenic niche may have therapeutic potential.

Nowadays customers are becoming more and more personalized when enjoying various mobile online services, which highlights the importance of customer segmentation based on customers' online behavior records. In this study, we propose a segmentation method that 1) divides the customer behavior sequences into cycles; 2) characterizes customers' cyclical behaviors based on the probability density distributions from the temporal dimension and frequency dimension, which could investigate the customer behaviors more comprehensively; 3) calculate the customer similarity by computing the difference of the distributions; 4) adopts the k-medoid clustering algorithm to classify the customers based on the similarity matrix. The segmentation method is applied to a mobile online behavior dataset. The results of experiments indicate the relationship and typical customer usage regulations among various mobile e-commerce service groups, which will be informative for enterprises to understand their customers and improve their service quality.

Objectives 1) To deduce T2, the inverse of the transverse relaxation rate (R2), in the hippocampus of healthy adults; 2) to investigate the brain iron deposition in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and age-matched healthy controls using T2-values. Methods T2-weighted data from the bilateral-hippocampi of ten AD patients and sixty healthy controls were collected at six echo time points using multi-slice multi-echo turbo spin echo (MSME-TSE) imaging on a 3.0 T MR-scanner, followed by the neuropsychological testing. The correlations between T2-values and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores were investigated on group-wise basis (covariates in the group-wise analyses: gender, age, side and healthy/AD). Results There were no significant differences in hippocampal T2-values on intra-gender and inter-gender basis (P > 0.05). Hippocampal T2-values of both sides were similar (right: 85.2±2.4 milliseconds; left: 85.3±2.5 milliseconds). The bilateral hippocampal T2 values correlated moderately with age (right: r = -0.59; left: -0.58; P < 0.001). The AD-group had significantly lower T2-values in the hippocampus when compared to normal controls (P < 0.001) and such low T2-values had a strong positive correlation with the MMSE score (R2 = 0.97; P < 0.05). Conclusion Patients with AD showed significantly lower T2 values, which can be attributed to the increased iron depositions in the hippocampus. A positive correlation between T2-values and cognition scores suggests that quantitative T2 can be used in the early diagnosis of AD and in the monitoring of the treatment response.