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1. Open science resources from the Tara Pacific expedition across coral reef and surface ocean ecosystems

Author: Fabien Lombard, Guillaume Bourdin, Stéphane Pesant, Sylvain Agostini, Alberto Baudena, Emilie Boissin, Nicolas Cassar, Megan Clampitt, Pascal Conan, Ophélie Da Silva, Céline Dimier, Eric Douville, Amanda Elineau, Jonathan Fin, J. Michel Flores, Jean François Ghiglione, Benjamin C.C. Hume, Laetitia Jalabert, Seth G. John, Rachel L. Kelly, Ilan Koren, Yajuan Lin, Dominique Marie, Ryan McMinds, Zoé Mériguet, Nicolas Metzl, David A. Paz-García, Maria Luiza Pedrotti, Julie Poulain, Mireille Pujo-Pay, Joséphine Ras, Gilles Reverdin, Sarah Romac, Alice Rouan, Eric Röttinger, Assaf Vardi, Christian R. Voolstra, Clémentine Moulin, Guillaume Iwankow, Bernard Banaigs, Chris Bowler, Colomban de Vargas, Didier Forcioli, Paola Furla, Pierre E. Galand, Eric Gilson, Stéphanie Reynaud, Shinichi Sunagawa, Matthew B. Sullivan, Olivier Thomas, Romain Troublé, Rebecca Vega Thurber, Patrick Wincker, Didier Zoccola, Denis Allemand, Serge Planes, Emmanuel Boss, Gaby Gorsky, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Global Oceans Systems Ecology & Evolution - Tara Oceans (GOSEE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord])-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)-École Centrale de Nantes (Nantes Univ - ECN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Université australe du Chili, Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), University of Maine, European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Hinxton], Shimoda Marine Research Center, Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University [Durham], Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut Fédératif de Recherche - Ressources Marines (IFR MARRES), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire International Associé Réponse des Organismes et Populations face au Stress Environnemental - Université Côte d’Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco (LIA ROPSE), Université Côte d’Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), OSU Stations marines (STAMAR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cycles biogéochimiques marins : processus et perturbations (CYBIOM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], Universität Konstanz, Department of Earth Sciences [USC Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Maison de la Modélisation, de la Simulation et des Interactions [Sophia-Antipolis] (MSI), Oregon State University (OSU), Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste [Mexico] (CONACYT-CIBNOR), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), Tara Ocean Foundation, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ecogéochimie des environnements benthiques (LECOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Institute of Microbiology and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Martin Ryan Institute, and National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway)
Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Ecosystem ecology, Biodiversity
Abstract: The Tara Pacific expedition (2016-2018) sampled coral ecosystems around 32 islands in the Pacific Ocean and the ocean surface waters at 249 locations, resulting in the collection of nearly 58,000 samples. The expedition was designed to systematically study warm coral reefs and included the collection of corals, fish, plankton, and seawater samples for advanced biogeochemical, molecular, and imaging analysis. Here we provide a complete description of the sampling methodology, and we explain how to explore and access the different datasets generated by the expedition. Environmental context data were obtained from taxonomic registries, gazetteers, almanacs, climatologies, operational biogeochemical models, and satellite observations. The quality of the different environmental measures has been validated not only by various quality control steps but also through a global analysis allowing the comparison with known environmental large-scale structures. Such a wide released datasets opens the perspective to address a wide range of scientific questions.
Published: 2023
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2. Acides aminés et cancer : LAT1, un transporteur essentiel à l’activité mTORC1 et la croissance tumorale

Author: Cormerais , Yann, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université Côte d'Azur (UCA) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Musee oceanographique de Monaco, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nathalie Mazure, Jacques Pouysségur, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement ( IRCAN ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ), and Centre Scientifique de Monaco ( CSM )
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Pharmacology, MTORC1, Membrane transporter, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Pharmacologie, LAT1, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Amino acids, CD98, Prolifération, Transporteur membranaire, [ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Nutrient Stress, Stress nutritif, Acides aminés, Cancer
Abstract: Tumours rely on external amino acids (AA) uptake to maintain their exacerbated metabolism and proliferation. To optimize AA uptake, tumors overexpress key carriers such as the multifunctional CD98/LAT 1 heterodimer. CD98 (SLC3A2) acts as a co-receptor of β integrins and enhances signaling that promotes cellular migration and invasion. LAT1 (SLC7A5) is responsible for the transport of essential AA. Previous studies have suggested that the CD98/integrin axis of the complex is essential for tumour growth, while LAT1 activity is dispensible. However, the increased nutritional requirements of tumor cells led us to hypothesize that the proliferative advantage given by this complex is in fact supported by the AA transporter activity of LAT1 and not by the CD98/integrin activity. In this context, I have shown that genetic or pharmacological invalidation of LAT1 in various tumor cell lines leads to a complete removal of the sodium-independent leucine transport. This leads to a loss of AA homeostasis with activation of the GCN2 stress pathway, inhibition of mTORC1 and supression of tumour growth. In addition, genetic invalidation of CD98 did not result in any detectable phenotype. However, inhibition of the residual activity of LAT1 in CD98 knockout cells is sufficient to abolish their tumorigenicity. Thus, my results clearly demonstrate the fundamental role of LAT1 in tumour growth and advocate the pharmacology development of LAT1 transporter inhibitors as very promising anticancer agents.; Dans le but de maintenir leur métabolisme et leur prolifération exacerbée, les tumeurs sont dépendantes d’un apport accru en acides aminés. Afin d'optimiser cet apport, les tumeurs surexpriment certains transporteurs clés tels que l'hétérodimère multifonctionnel CD98/LAT1. CD98 (SLC3A2) agit comme co-récepteur des intégrines β et amplifie leur signalisation régulant ainsi la migration et l'adhésion cellulaire. La protéine LAT1 (SLC7A5) est quant à elle responsable du transport des acides aminés (AA) essentiels. Des études antérieures ont suggéré que la fonction CD98/intégrines du complexe est essentielle à la croissance tumorale, alors que LAT1 aurait un rôle mineur dans ce contexte. Cependant, les besoins nutritifs accrus des cellules tumorales nous ont conduit à émettre l’hypothèse contraire selon laquelle l’avantage prolifératif donné par ce complexe serait en réalité supporté par l’activité du transporteur LAT1 et non pas par l’interaction CD98/intégrine. Dans ce contexte, j’ai montré que l’invalidation génétique ou pharmacologique de LAT1 dans différentes lignées tumorales entraine une suppression totale du transport de la leucine, sodium-indépendant. Ceci entrainant une perte d’homéostasie des AA avec l’activation de la voie de stress GCN2, l’inhibition de mTORC1 et la suppression de la croissance tumorale. De plus, l’invalidation génétique de CD98 ne s’est traduite par aucun phénotype visible. Cependant, la suppression de l'activité résiduelle de LAT1 de ces cellules est suffisante pour abolir leur potentiel tumoral. Ainsi, mes résultats démontrent le rôle clé de LAT1 dans la croissance tumorale en faisant ainsi une cible thérapeutique prometteuse.
Published: 2016

3. What are the toxicity thresholds of chemical pollutants for tropical reef-building corals? A systematic review

Author: Dakis-Yaoba Ouédraogo, Hugo Mell, Olivier Perceval, Karen Burga, Isabelle Domart-Coulon, Laetitia Hédouin, Mathilde Delaunay, Mireille M. M. Guillaume, Magalie Castelin, Christophe Calvayrac, Odile Kerkhof, Romain Sordello, Yorick Reyjol, Christine Ferrier-Pagès, Direction générale déléguée à la Recherche, à l’Expertise, à la Valorisation et à l’Enseignement-Formation (DGD.REVE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Patrimoine naturel (PatriNat), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université des Antilles (UA), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Biocapteurs-Analyses-Environnement (BAE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), PIERRE FABRE-EDF (EDF)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), and This work was funded by the French Office for Biodiversity (OFB) and the French National Museum of Natural History (MNHN).
Subjects: No observed effect concentration, Contamination, Ecology, Hermatypic, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Hazard assessment, Scleractinian, Toxicity endpoints, Pollution
Abstract: Background Tropical coral reefs cover only ca. 0.1% of the Earth’s surface but harbour exceptional marine biodiversity and provide vital ecosystem services to millions of people living nearby. They are currently threatened by global (e.g. climate change) and local (e.g. chemical pollution) stressors that interact in multiple ways. While global stressors cannot be mitigated by local actions alone, local stressors can be reduced through ecosystem management. Here, we aimed to systematically review experimental studies assessing the toxicity of chemical pollutants to tropical reef-building corals to generate accessible and usable knowledge and data that can be used to calculate measurement endpoints in ecological risk assessment. From the quantitative estimates of effects, we determined toxicity thresholds as the highest exposures tested at which no statistically significant adverse effects were observed, and we compared them to regulatory predicted no effect concentrations for the protection of marine organisms, to assess whether these reference values are indeed protective of corals. Methods The evidence was taken from a systematic map of the impacts of chemicals arising from human activity on tropical reef-building corals published in 2021. All studies in the map database corresponding to the knowledge cluster “Evidence on the ecotoxicological effects of chemicals on corals” were selected. To identify subsequently published literature, the search was updated using a subset of the search string used for the systematic map. Titles, abstracts and full-texts were screened according to the criteria defining the selected cluster of the map. Because the eligibility criteria for the systematic review are narrower than the criteria used to define the cluster in the systematic map, additional screening was performed. Studies included were critically appraised and each study was rated as low, unclear, medium, or high risk of bias. Data were extracted from the studies and synthesised according to a strategy dependent on the type of exposure and outcome. Review findings The systematic review reports the known effects of chemical exposures on corals from 847 studies corresponding to 181 articles. A total of 697 studies (161 articles) were included in the quantitative synthesis and 150 studies (50 articles) in the narrative synthesis of the findings. The quantitative synthesis records the effects of 2706 exposure concentrations-durations of 164 chemicals or mixtures of chemicals, and identifies 105 toxicity thresholds corresponding to 56 chemicals or mixtures of chemicals. When toxicity thresholds were compared to reference values set for the protection of marine organisms by environmental agencies, the reference values appear to be protective of corals for all but three chemicals assessed: the metal copper and the pesticides diuron and irgarol 1051. Conclusions This open-access database of known ecotoxicological effects of chemical exposures on corals can assist managers in the ecological risk assessment of chemicals, by allowing easy determination of various ecotoxicological thresholds. Several limitations of the toxicity tests synthesised here were noted (in particular the lack of measurement of effective concentrations for more than half of the studies). Overall, most of the currently available data on coral toxicity should be replicated independently and extended to corals from less studied geographical regions and functional groups.
Published: 2023
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4. Carbonic anhydrase and metazoan biocalcification: a focus on molluscs

Author: Benjamin Marie, Daniel J. Jackson, Frédéric Marin, Nathalie Le Roy, Paula Ramos-Silva, Equipe de physiologie biochimie, Centre Scientifique de Monaco ( CSM ), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-Organismes ( MCAM ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Computational Genomics Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), F. Marin, F. Brümmer, A. Checa, G. Furtos, I.G. Lesci & L. Šiller, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-Organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, F. Marin, F. Brümmer, A. Checa, G. Furtos, I.G. Lesci & L. Šiller, and Laffont, Rémi
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, food.ingredient, biology, Mechanical Engineering, Context (language use), [ SDV.IB.BIO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Biomaterials, [SDV.IB.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Biomaterials, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 030104 developmental biology, food, chemistry, Biochemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Molecular evolution, Phylogenetics, Carbonic anhydrase, Extracellular, biology.protein, Carbonate, General Materials Science, Haliotis, [SDV.IB.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Biomaterials, Mantle (mollusc), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Carbonic anhydrase is a super-family of metallo-enzymes (containing α, β, γ, ζ and δ-CA families) that catalyse the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Among their numerous functions, CAs - in particular that of the α-CA family - are known to play a key role in biocalcification processes, i.e., the ability to deposit calcium carbonate crystallites in a controlled manner to form exoskeletons. In the gastropod mollusc Haliotistuberculata – the European abalone – we identified two CA transcripts, htCA1 and htCA2, in the mantle, the calcifying organ responsible for shell formation from an extracellular organic matrix and a mixture of inorganic ions. Because these two transcripts are specifically expressed in the mantle, this suggests that the two corresponding CA isoforms may be directly involved in shell formation. In the present paper, whole mount in situ hybridization experiments performed on larval stages of H. tuberculata reveal the expression of htCA1 in cells associated with the statocysts, the sensory organs for gravity, while htCA2 is not expressed in these cells. We compile the activity and expression data for these two CAs in H.tuberculata and discuss these results in an evolutionary context using a simplified phylogeny from compiled CA sequence data of several metazoans. This shows that the evolution of this protein super-family has a complex history with origins at the dawn of the Phanerozoic.
Published: 2015

5. Comparaison des populations bactériennes en suspension dans l'air déterminées par échantillonnage passif et actif au puy de Dôme, France

Author: Kevin P. Dillon, Romie Tignat-Perrier, Muriel Joly, Sydonia N.C.M. Grogan, Catherine Larose, Pierre Amato, Gediminas Mainelis, Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Ampère, Département Bioingénierie (BioIng), Ampère (AMPERE), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-15-CE01-0002,INHALE,Exploration de l'atmosphère comme écosystème(2015)
Subjects: Diversity, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental Chemistry, Passive sampler Bioaerosols Diversity, Bioaerosols, Pollution, Passive sampler
Abstract: International audience; Bioaerosols have impacts on atmospheric processes, as well as ecosystem and human health. Common bioaerosol collection methods include impaction, liquid impingement, filtration, and electrostatic precipitation. These methods are used by active samplers that require an air mover and power, but this requirement can also represent a major constraint in field studies. Alternatively, passive samplers do not require power and can operate for long times. In this study, the Rutgers Electrostatic Passive Sampler (REPS), which captures particles by electrostatic attraction and gravitational settling, was deployed at the summit of puy de Dôme (1465 m a.s.l., France) alongside an active PM10 sampler (~1000 L min-1) collecting aerosols on a quartz fiber filter. The diversity of the airborne bacteria captured by both samplers across six weekly sampling periods was examined by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The dominant phyla observed by both samplers were similar and included Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteriota. Overall, 12 to 63% of the total bacterial richness at the genus level was shared between the two samplers, depending upon a paired sample, i.e., sampling week. The PM10 sampler and REPS detected the same dominant genera, including Lysinibacillus and Sphingomonas, although their relative abundances for each paired sampler varied. The observed bacterial richness and diversity, as estimated through Shannon's and Simpson's indexes, were significantly greater in REPS samples compared to the PM10 samples. The results suggest that REPS could be used for simple and convenient sampling of bioaerosols, especially in remote areas and other locations with limited power access.
Published: 2023
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6. Dystrophin myonuclear domain restoration governs treatment efficacy in dystrophic muscle

Author: Adrien Morin, Amalia Stantzou, Olga N. Petrova, John Hildyard, Thomas Tensorer, Meriem Matouk, Mina V. Petkova, Isabelle Richard, Tudor Manoliu, Aurélie Goyenvalle, Sestina Falcone, Markus Schuelke, Corinne Laplace-Builhé, Richard J. Piercy, Luis Garcia, Helge Amthor, Handicap neuromusculaire : Physiopathologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologies appliquées (END-ICAP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Royal Veterinary College [London], University of London [London], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Généthon, Immunologie moléculaire et biothérapies innovantes (IMBI), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Généthon, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse (AMMICa), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris-Saclay, Association Française contre les Myopathies, AFM, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR, Deutsch-Französische Hochschule, DFH: CDFA-06-11, We thank Thomas Bestetti, Chloé Dambrune, Karima Relizani, and Cécile Gastaldi for technical assistance. We thank Dr. Feng Zhang for providing the plasmid pX601-AAV-CMV::NLS-SaCas9-NLS-3xHA-bGHpA, and U6::BsaIsgRNA. We also thank Frederic De Leeuw for assistance with multiphoton imaging and Matthieu Dos Santos for preliminary RNA scope experiments. This work was supported by the Association Monegasque contre les Myopathies (AMM, Monaco), the Université Franco-Allemande (CDFA-06-11, UFA), the Association Française contre les Myopathies (AFM, France), and the Agence National de la Recherche (ANR, France).
Subjects: Gene Editing, Multidisciplinary, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Muscles, dystrophin-EGFP, nuclear domain, Dystrophin, Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne, Mice, Disease Models, Animal, Treatment Outcome, Mice, Inbred mdx, Animals, Female, mdx mouse, myotendinous junction, Muscle, Skeletal
Abstract: Dystrophin is essential for muscle health: its sarcolemmal absence causes the fatal, X-linked condition, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). However, its normal, spatial organization remains poorly understood, which hinders the interpretation of efficacy of its therapeutic restoration. Using female reporter mice heterozygous for fluorescently tagged dystrophin ( Dmd EGFP ), we here reveal that dystrophin distribution is unexpectedly compartmentalized, being restricted to myonuclear-defined sarcolemmal territories extending ~80 µm, which we called “basal sarcolemmal dystrophin units (BSDUs).” These territories were further specialized at myotendinous junctions, where both Dmd transcripts and dystrophin protein were enriched. Genome-level correction in X-linked muscular dystrophy mice via CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing restored a mosaic of separated dystrophin domains, whereas transcript-level Dmd correction, following treatment with tricyclo-DNA antisense oligonucleotides, restored dystrophin initially at junctions before extending along the entire fiber—with levels ~2% sufficient to moderate the dystrophic process. We conclude that widespread restoration of fiber dystrophin is likely critical for therapeutic success in DMD, perhaps most importantly, at muscle–tendon junctions.
Published: 2023
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7. An evolution towards scientific consensus for a sustainable ocean future

Author: Françoise Gaill, Tanya Brodie Rudolph, Lara Lebleu, Denis Allemand, Robert Blasiak, William W. L. Cheung, Joachim Claudet, Leopoldo Cavaleri Gerhardinger, Nadine Le Bris, Lisa Levin, Hans- Otto Pörtner, Martin Visbeck, Anna Zivian, Pierre Bahurel, Laurent Bopp, Chris Bowler, Frédérique Chlous, Philippe Cury, Didier Gascuel, Sylvie Goyet, Nathalie Hilmi, Frédéric Ménard, Fiorenza Micheli, Lauren Mullineaux, Rémi Parmentier, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Sabrina Speich, Olivier Thébaud, Torsten Thiele, Martha Bowler, Philippe Charvis, Raphael Cuvelier, François Houllier, Sarah Palazot, Francis Staub, Olivier Poivre d’Arvor, Plateforme Océan et Climat, Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch University, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences [UTokyo] (GSALS), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia (UBC), Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institute of Environmental Science and Technology [Barcelona] (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Sorbonne Université (SU), Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of California (UC), Climate Sciences Department [Bremerhaven], Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), Ocean Conservancy, University of California [Santa Cruz] (UC Santa Cruz), Mercator Océan, Société Civile CNRS Ifremer IRD Météo-France SHOM, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Pôle halieutique, Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hopkins Marine Station [Stanford], Stanford University, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), The Varda Group, Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Aménagement des Usages des Ressources et des Espaces marins et littoraux - Centre de droit et d'économie de la mer (AMURE), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies [Potsdam] (IASS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) Marseille (IRD Marseille), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), International Coral Reef Initiative, Oakland, USA, and Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)
Subjects: Environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Environmental social sciences, Ocean sciences, Scientific community, Ecology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Systems biology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Climate sciences, Environmental studies, Social sciences
Abstract: The ocean has recently taken centre stage in the global geopolitical landscape. Despite rising challenges to the effectiveness of multilateralism, attention to ocean issues appears as an opportunity to co-create pathways to ocean sustainability at multiple levels. The ocean science community, however, is not sufficiently well organised to advance these pathways and provide policy input. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services demonstrate how knowledge consensus and integration have been instrumental in charting global pathways and eliciting commitments to address, respectively, climate change and biodiversity loss. An equally impactful global platform with a thematic focus on ocean sustainability is needed. Here we introduce the International Panel for Ocean Sustainability (IPOS) as a coordinating mechanism to integrate knowledge systems to forge a bridge across ocean science-policy divides collectively. The IPOS will enrich the global policy debate in the Ocean Decade and support a shift toward ocean sustainability.
Published: 2022
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8. Metazoan calcium carbonate biomineralizations: macroevolutionary trends - challenges for the coming decade

Author: Marin , Frédéric, Le Roy , Nathalie, Marie , Benjamin, Ramos-Silva , Paula, Bundeleva , Irina A., Guichard , Nathalie, Immel , Françoise, Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Equipe de physiologie biochimie, Centre Scientifique de Monaco ( CSM ), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-Organismes ( MCAM ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Computational Science, Informatics Institute, Universiteit van Amsterdam-Universiteit van Amsterdam, Computational Genomics Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Grants from the INTERRVIE program of the INSU (Institut National des Sciences de l’Univers, CNRS), from the ADEQUA consortium (Amélioration DE la QUAlité des perles de Polynésie Française, 2008-2012), from the COST network on biomineralization (‘Biomineralix’, TD0903, www.biomineralix.eu, Nov. 2009-May 2014) and the European ITN network BioMinTec (www.biomintec.de, 2009-2012, project holder: Pr. H.C. Schröder, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany)., Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-Organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA)-Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA)
Subjects: Biomineralization, Proteomics, Répertoire sécrétoire, Mésocristal, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Ocean acidification, Proteins, Secretory repertoire, Protéines, Amorphe, [ SDV.IB.BIO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Biomaterials, Diagenesis, Biominéralisation, Protéomique, [ SDV.BID.EVO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Mesocrystal, Carbonate de calcium, Amorphous, Acidification océanique, [SDV.IB.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Biomaterials, Calcium carbonate, Diagenèse
Abstract: 16 pages; International audience; Calcium carbonate-based biominerals, also referred as biocalcifications, are the most abundant biogenic mineralized products at the surface of the Earth. In this paper, we summarize general concepts on biocalcifications and we sketch macro-evolutionary trends throughout the history of the Earth, from Archean to Phanerozoic times. Then, we expose five fundamental issues that represent key-challenges in biocalcification researches for the coming decade: the first one concerns the comprehension of the micro- and nano-structure of calcium carbonate biominerals from a mineral viewpoint, while the second one deals with the understanding of the dynamic process of their fabrication. The third one treats the subtle interplay between organics and the mineral phase. The fourth issue focuses on an environmental challenge related to ocean acidification (OA); at last, the diagenetic processes that affect biogenic calcium carbonate mineral constitute the fifth issue.; Les biocalcifications, ou biominéraux en carbonate de calcium, sont les minéralisations biogéniques les plusabondantes à la surface du globe. Le présent article montre comment les biocalcifications sont à l’origine de certainsconcepts scientifiques d’importance, et comment elles ont évolué au cours des temps géologiques, de l’Archéen au Phanérozoïque.Cinq défis majeurs y ayant trait sont ensuite identifiés pour les années à venir : le premier vise à comprendrela structure des biocalcifications aux échelles micro- et nanométriques, tandis que le second s’interroge sur leprocessus dynamique de leur formation. Le troisième défi traite des interactions complexes entre constituants organiqueset phase minérale. Le quatrième se focalise sur des questions environnementales cruciales, notamment l’acidificationocéanique. Le dernier défi consiste à comprendre comment les phénomènes diagénétiques et la fossilisationaffectent les biocalcifications dans leur globalité.
Published: 2014
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9. Is muscle and protein loss relevant in long‐term fasting in healthy men? A prospective trial on physiological adaptations

Author: Audrey Bergouignan, Claire Laurens, Yvon Le Maho, Françoise Wilhelmi de Toledo, Stéphane Blanc, Guillemette Gauquelin-Koch, Chantal Simon, Anthony Damiot, Anne-Laure Le Maho, Franziska Grundler, Isabelle Chery, Alexandre Zahariev, Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Buchinger Wilhelmi Clinic [Überlingen, Germany] (BWC), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Clinique Générale Annecy (CGA), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), University of Colorado Anschutz [Aurora], Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), and CarMeN, laboratoire
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Blood lipids, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, Body composition, chemistry.chemical_compound, Long-term fasting, Weight loss, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Ketogenesis, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Prospective Studies, Protein sparing, Exercise, Glycogen, business.industry, Muscles, QM1-695, Original Articles, Energy metabolism, Fasting, Middle Aged, Lipids, Adaptation, Physiological, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Protein catabolism, Blood pressure, Endocrinology, RC925-935, chemistry, Muscle function, Human anatomy, Basal metabolic rate, Apelin, Original Article, Long‐term fasting, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND: Fasting is attracting an increasing interest as a potential strategy for managing diseases, including metabolic disorders and complementary cancer therapy. Despite concerns of clinicians regarding protein catabolism and muscle loss, evidence-based clinical data in response to long-term fasting in healthy humans are scarce. The objective of this study was to measure clinical constants, metabolic, and muscular response in healthy men during and after a 10 day fast combined with a physical activity programme. METHODS: Sixteen men (44 ± 14 years; 26.2 ± 0.9 kg/m(2) ) fasted with a supplement of 200-250 kcal/day and up to 3 h daily low-intensity physical activity according to the peer-reviewed Buchinger Wilhelmi protocol. Changes in body weight (BW) and composition, basal metabolic rate (BMR), physical activity, muscle strength and function, protein utilization, inflammatory, and metabolic status were assessed during the 10 day fast, the 4 days of food reintroduction, and at 3 month follow-up. RESULTS: The 10 day fast decreased BW by 7% (-5.9 ± 0.2 kg, P \textless 0.001) and BMR by 12% (P \textless 0.01). Fat mass and lean soft tissues (LST) accounted for about 40% and 60% of weight loss, respectively, -2.3 ± 0.18 kg and -3.53 ± 0.13 kg, P \textless 0.001. LST loss was explained by the reduction in extracellular water (44%), muscle and liver glycogen and associated water (14%), and metabolic active lean tissue (42%). Plasma 3-methyl-histidine increased until Day 5 of fasting and then decreased, suggesting that protein sparing might follow early proteolysis. Daily steps count increased by 60% (P \textless 0.001) during the fasting period. Strength was maintained in non-weight-bearing muscles and increased in weight-bearing muscles (+33%, P \textless 0.001). Glycaemia, insulinemia, blood lipids, and blood pressure dropped during the fast (P \textless 0.05 for all), while non-esterified fatty acids and urinary beta-hydroxybutyrate increased (P \textless 0.01 for both). After a transient reduction, inflammatory cytokines returned to baseline at Day 10 of fasting, and LST were still lower than baseline values (-2.3% and -3.2%, respectively; P \textless 0.05 for both). CONCLUSIONS: A 10 day fast appears safe in healthy humans. Protein loss occurs in early fast but decreases as ketogenesis increases. Fasting combined with physical activity does not negatively impact muscle function. Future studies will need to confirm these first findings.
Published: 2021
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10. First Detection of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5/22B in Monaco

Author: Colson, Philippe, Lavagna, Christian, Delerce, Jérémy, Groshenry, Guillaume, Yahi, Nouara, Fantini, Jacques, La Scola, Bernard, Althaus, Thomas, Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections (MEPHI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection (IHU Marseille), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Unité de Neurobiologie des canaux Ioniques et de la Synapse (UNIS - Inserm U1072), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-10-IAHU-0003,Méditerranée Infection,I.H.U. Méditerranée Infection(2010)
Subjects: variant, SARS-CoV-2, Omicron, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Monaco, 22B, lineage, BA.5
Abstract: International audience; The Omicron BA.5/22B variant has been designated as a “variant of concern” by the World Health Organization. We describe, here, the first evidence in Monaco of infection with an Omicron BA.5/22B variant, probably imported from the Republic of Seychelles, harboring a rare combination of non-BA.5/22B signature amino acid changes. SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies were measured with a surrogate virus neutralization test. SARS-CoV-2 genotype screening was performed on nasopharyngeal samples with a multiplex qPCR assay. The SARS-CoV-2 genome was obtained by next-generation sequencing with the Illumina COVID-seq protocol, then assembly using bioinformatics pipelines and software was performed. The BA.5/22B spike protein structure was obtained by molecular modeling. Two spouses were SARS-CoV-2-diagnosed the day they returned from a one-week trip in the Republic of Seychelles. SARS-CoV-2 qPCR screening for variant-specific mutations identified an Omicron variant BA.1/21K, BA.4/22A, or BA.5/22B. A SARS-Co-2 BA.5/22B variant genome was recovered from one of the spouses. Aside from BA.5/22B-defining amino acid substitutions, four other amino acid changes were encoded including Q556K in ORF1a, K2557R in ORF1b, and A67V and A829T in spike; only 13 genomes in sequence databases harbored these four mutations concurrently. Structural analysis of this BA.5/22B variant predicted that A829T in spike may result in a compaction that may affect conformational plasticity. Overall, our findings warrant performing genome-based genotypic surveillance to survey accurately the emergence and circulation of SARS-CoV-2 variants worldwide and point out that their first occurrence in a country is often through international travel despite implemented countermeasures.
Published: 2022
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11. Flexibility of Thiel's embalmed cadavers: the explanation is probably in the muscles

Author: Benkhadra , Mehdi, Bouchot , André, Gérard , Julien, Genelot , Denis, Trouilloud , Pierre, Martin , Laurent, Girard , Claude, Danino , Alain, Anderhuber , Friedrich, Feigl , Georg, Collier, Jean-Yves, Motricité - Plasticité, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'anesthésie - réanimation chirurgicale [CHU de Dijon], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Santé - STIC, Service d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques, Service de Pathologie [CHU de Dijon], Service de chirurgie plastique, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université de Montréal (UdeM), Medical University Graz, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Scientifique de Monaco ( CSM ), Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Centre de ressources biologiques Ferdinand Cabanne [Dijon] ( CRB Ferdinand Cabanne ), Department of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Teaching Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Teaching hospital, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal ( CHUM ), Institute of Anatomy, Medizinische Universität, Graz, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), and Centre de ressources biologiques Ferdinand Cabanne [Dijon] (CRB Ferdinand Cabanne)
Subjects: Formalin, Surgical education, Histology, Thiel's embalming, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Flexibility, Cadavers
Abstract: International audience; Introduction The flexibility of cadavers conserved using Thiel's embalming method remains unexplained. We aimed to perform microscopic comparison of muscle and tendon fibres from fresh cadavers (FC), formaldehyde-preserved cadavers (FPC) and cadavers conserved by Thiel's method (TC). Methods Muscle and tendon biopsies performed on FC, FPC and TC were conditioned and stained by Masson's trichrome, Sirius red and Ramon y Cajal, then studied under optical microscope. Alignment and integrity of the muscle and tendon fibres were studied. Results We observed a modification of the muscle fibres in all specimens from TC, regardless of the type of staining used. The muscle fibres taken from FC and FPC were relatively well conserved, both in terms of alignment and integrity. We did not observe any modification of collagen in either muscle or tendon fibres. Conclusions The considerable fragmentation of the muscle proteins, probably caused by certain corrosive chemicals, (e.g. boric acid) present in Thiel's embalming solution, could explain the suppleness of the TC. However, we cannot exclude the possibility of alterations in tendon or muscle collagen, since the experimental methods we used, did not allow for the study of collagen ultrastructure.
Published: 2011

12. Juvenile emperor penguin range calls for extended conservation measures in the Southern Ocean

Author: Eisen O, Ben Fabry, Houstin A, Karine Heerah, Planas-Bielsa, Céline Le Bohec, Daniel P. Zitterbart, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Biophysics Group Friedrich-Alexander University, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, conservation biology, Range (biology), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biodiversity, Distribution (economics), 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Juvenile, early life, 14. Life underwater, Multidisciplinary, biology, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Fishery, Geography, Habitat, Habitat distribution, Emperor, polar regions, Marine protected area, MPA network, business, seabirds
Abstract: To protect the unique and rich biodiversity of the Southern Ocean, conservation measures such as marine protected areas (MPAs) have been implemented. Currently, the establishment of several additional protection zones is being considered based on the known habitat distributions of key species of the ecosystems including emperor penguins and other marine top predators. However, the distribution of such species at sea is often insufficiently sampled. Specifically, current distribution models focus on the habitat range of adult animals and neglect that immatures and juveniles can inhabit different areas. By tracking eight juvenile emperor penguins in the Weddell Sea over 1 year and performing a meta-analysis including previously known data from other colonies, we show that conservation efforts in the Southern Ocean are insufficient for protecting this highly mobile species, and particularly its juveniles. We find that juveniles spend approximately 90% of their time outside the boundaries of proposed and existing MPAs, and that their distribution extends beyond (greater than 1500 km) the species' extent of occurrence as defined by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Our data exemplify that strategic conservation plans for the emperor penguin and other long-lived ecologically important species should consider the dynamic habitat range of all age classes.
Published: 2022
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13. Contextual variations in calls of two nonoscine birds: the blue petrel Halobaena caerulea and the Antarctic prion Pachyptila desolata

Author: Víctor Planas-Bielsa, Thierry Aubin, Charlène Gémard, Francesco Bonadonna, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), and Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Pachyptila desolata, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, acoustic communication, 05 social sciences, Halobaena caerulea, Petrel, Zoology, Biology, biology.organism_classification, vocal plasticity, petrels, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, motivation, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Animal Science and Zoology, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, frequency shift, seabirds, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Bird vocalizations are critical cues in social interactions as they convey temporary information varying with the social context, for example, the signaler motivation when facing a rival or a potential mate. To date, literature mainly focused on learning birds. Burrowing petrels (Procellariidae) are nonlearning birds with a limited vocal repertoire. Bachelor males communicate with conspecifics with a single call emitted in three situations: in the absence of a certain auditory (spontaneous calls), toward females (female-directed calls), and toward males (male-directed calls). We first hypothesized that, although the call structure is preserved, temporal and spectral parameters vary between the three call types of bachelor males, translating different motivations (Motivation Hypothesis). To go further, we hypothesized that acoustic variations in male-directed calls indicate the signaler’s aggressive motivation and, therefore, the variations are similar whether calls are produced by breeder or bachelor males (Breeding Status Hypothesis). We tested the two hypotheses performing field playback experiments on two petrel species: the blue petrel (Halobaena caerulea) and the Antarctic prion (Pachyptila desolata). Despite the obvious call stereotypy, we observed temporal variations and frequency shifts when males react to a female or a male, which may translate the sexual or aggressive motivation of the signaler. Furthermore, the similarity of variations in male-directed calls of both breeder and bachelor males suggests the aggressive motivation. So far, vocal plasticity in nonlearning birds has been greatly underestimated. Here, we highlighted the expression of different motivations through vocal variations and the ability to produce frequency variations in species with genetically coded vocalizations.
Published: 2021
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14. Umbilical cord blood transplants facilitated by the French cord blood banks network. On behalf of the Agency of Biomedicine, Eurocord and the French society of bone marrow transplant and cell therapy (SFGM-TC)

Author: Catherine Faucher, Jean-Baptiste Thibert, John De Vos, Christine Giraud, Caroline Ballot, Valérie Mialou, Irina Ionescu, Marie-Thérèse Rubio, Bernard Dazey, Virginie Persoons, Eliane Gluckman, Chantal Kenzey, Jean-Hugues Dalle, Jérôme Larghero, Annalisa Ruggeri, Gérard Michel, Audrey Cras, Fernanda Volt, Jacques-Olivier Bay, Federico Garnier, Evelyne Marry, Vanderson Rocha, Fabienne Pouthier, Christian Chabannon, Hanadi Rafii, Eric Gautier, Danièle Bensoussan, Recherche clinique appliquée à l'hématologie ((EA_3518)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Agence de la biomédecine [Saint-Denis la Plaine], IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute [Milan, Italie], Etablissement français du sang - Normandie (EFS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine [Bordeaux] (EFS Bordeaux Nouvelle Aquitaine), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Etablissement Français du Sang Ile de France (EFS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Henry Mondor, Etablissement français du sang [Poitiers] (EFS), Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Etablissement français du sang- Rhône-Alpes [Lyon], Etablissement Français du Sang [Grenoble] (EFS), Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS BFC), Etablissement français du sang [Rennes] (EFS Bretagne), Hôpital Robert Debré Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d'Hématologie [CHRU Nancy], Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), and Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Bone marrow transplant, Multivariate analysis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Umbilical cord, Cell therapy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Biomedicine, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Transplantation, Neutrophil Engraftment, business.industry, Network on, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, [SDV.IMM.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Immunotherapy, Hematology, Fetal Blood, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cord blood, Blood Banks, Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation, business, 030215 immunology
Abstract: The public French Cord Blood Banks Network was established in 1999 with the objective of standardizing the practices governing umbilical cord blood (UCB) banking in France. The Network adopted a strategy to optimize its inventory and improve the quality of its banked units based on a quality improvement process using outcome data regularly provided by Eurocord. This study aimed to describe the results, over 10 years, of UCBT facilitated by a national network that used the same criteria of UCB collection and banking and to assess how modifications of banking criteria and unit selection might influence transplant outcomes. Nine hundred and ninety-nine units (593 single-unit and 203 double-unit grafts) were released by the Network to transplant 796 patients with malignant (83%) and non-malignant (17%) diseases. Median cell dose exceeded 3.5 × 107 TNC/kg in 86%. There was a trend to select units more recently collected and with higher cell dose. Neutrophil engraftment was 88.2% (85.7–90.7) and 79.3% (72.6–86.5) respectively for malignant and non-malignant diseases with a trend to faster recovery with higher cell doses. The respective 3-year transplant-related mortality were 31.1% (27.5–35.1) and 34.3% (27.0–43.5). OS was 49% ± 4 in malignant and 62% ± 4 in non-malignant disorders. In multivariate analysis, cell dose was the only unit-related factor associated with outcomes. Our results reflect the benefit on clinical outcomes of the strategy adopted by the Network to bank units with higher cell counts.
Published: 2021
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15. Partial Restoration of Brain Dystrophin and Behavioral Deficits by Exon Skipping in the Muscular Dystrophy X-Linked (mdx) Mouse

Author: Faouzi Zarrouki, Karima Relizani, Flavien Bizot, Thomas Tensorer, Luis Garcia, Cyrille Vaillend, Aurélie Goyenvalle, Handicap neuromusculaire : Physiopathologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologies appliquées (END-ICAP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SQY Therapeutics, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), and European Project: 847826,H2020,H2020-SC1-2019-Two-Stage-RTD,BIND(2020)
Subjects: [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Oligonucleotides, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Brain, Exons, Oligonucleotides, Antisense, Dystrophin, Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne, Disease Models, Animal, Mice, [SDV.SP.MED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Medication, Neurology, Mice, Inbred mdx, Animals, Tissue Distribution, Neurology (clinical)
Abstract: International audience; Objectives: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is associated with various degrees of cognitive impairment and behavioral disturbances. Emotional and memory deficits also constitute reliable outcome measures to assess efficacy of treatments in the mdx mouse lacking the muscle and neuronal full-length dystrophins. The present study aimed to evaluate whether these deficits could be alleviated by the restoration of brain dystrophin.Methods: We performed intracerebroventricular administration of a new potent tricyclo-DNA antisense oligonucleotide (tcDNA-ASO) containing a full phosphodiester backbone conjugated to a palmitic acid moiety (tcDNA-ASO), designed to skip the mutated exon 23 of mdx mice.Results: We first show that the tcDNA-ASO rescues expression of brain dystrophin to 10-30% of wild-type levels and significantly reduces the abnormal unconditioned fear responses in mdx mice in a dose-dependent manner, 5 weeks post-injection. Exon skipping efficiency, ASO biodistribution, protein restoration and effect on the fear response were optimal with a dose of 400 μg at 6-7 weeks post-injection, with synaptic-like expression in brain tissues such as the hippocampus and amygdala. Furthermore, this dose of tcDNA-ASO restored long-term memory retention of mdx mice in an object recognition task, but only had minor effects on fear conditioning.Interpretation: These results suggest for the first time that postnatal re-expression of brain dystrophin could reverse or at least alleviate some cognitive deficits associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. ANN NEUROL 2022;92:213-229.
Published: 2022
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16. Positive selection over the mitochondrial genome and its role in the diversification of gentoo penguins in response to adaptation in isolation

Author: Noll, D., Leon, F., Brandt, D., Pistorius, P., Le Bohec, Céline, Bonadonna, F., Trathan P., N., Barbosa, A., Raya Rey, A., Dantas G. P., M., Bowie R. C., K., Poulin, E., Vianna J., A., Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), University of South Carolina [Columbia], DST/NRF Centre of Excellence at the Percy FitzPatrick Institute for African Ornithology [South Africa], Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie comportementale (EC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC), University of California [Berkeley], University of California, Nelson Mandela University [Port Elizabeth], Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales [Madrid] (MNCN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e islas del Atlántico Sur (UNTDF), Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas [Ushuaia] (CADIC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC Minas), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Phylogeography, Multidisciplinary, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Genome, Mitochondrial, Animals, Antarctic Regions, DNA, Mitochondrial, Spheniscidae, Phylogeny
Abstract: Although mitochondrial DNA has been widely used in phylogeography, evidence has emerged that factors such as climate, food availability, and environmental pressures that produce high levels of stress can exert a strong influence on mitochondrial genomes, to the point of promoting the persistence of certain genotypes in order to compensate for the metabolic requirements of the local environment. As recently discovered, the gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) comprise four highly divergent lineages across their distribution spanning the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions. Gentoo penguins therefore represent a suitable animal model to study adaptive processes across divergent environments. Based on 62 mitogenomes that we obtained from nine locations spanning all four gentoo penguin lineages, we demonstrated lineage-specific nucleotide substitutions for various genes, but only lineage-specific amino acid replacements for the ND1 and ND5 protein-coding genes. Purifying selection (dN/dS 1) was mostly present in codons of the Complex I (NADH genes), supported by two different codon-based methods at the ND1 and ND4 in the most divergent lineages, the eastern gentoo penguin from Crozet and Marion Islands and the southern gentoo penguin from Antarctica respectively. Additionally, ND5 and ATP6 were under selection in the branches of the phylogeny involving all gentoo penguins except the eastern lineage. Our study suggests that local adaptation of gentoo penguins has emerged as a response to environmental variability promoting the fixation of mitochondrial haplotypes in a non-random manner. Mitogenome adaptation is thus likely to have been associated with gentoo penguin diversification across the Southern Ocean and to have promoted their survival in extreme environments such as Antarctica. Such selective processes on the mitochondrial genome may also be responsible for the discordance detected between nuclear- and mitochondrial-based phylogenies of gentoo penguin lineages., Financial support for this study was provided by Beca ANID Doctorado Nacional (Folio: 21171214), Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE) ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—ICN2021_002, Inach RT_12-14, Fondecyt 1150517, PIA ACT172065 GAB, Center of genome regulation (CRG) ANID/FONDAP/15200002, the CNPq (431463/2016-6) and the PROANTAR, IPEV programs 137 ANTAVIA-ECOPHY and 354 ETHOTAAF and by the Spanish Research Agency (CGL2004-01348, CGL2007-60369, POL2006-06635 and CTM2015-64720-R).
Published: 2022
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17. Depicting the genetic architecture of pediatric cancers through an integrative gene network approach

Author: Savary, Clara, Kim, Artem, Lespagnol, Alexandra, Gandemer, Virginie, Pellier, Isabelle, Andrieu, Charlotte, Pagès, Gilles, Galibert, Marie-Dominique, Blum, Yuna, de Tayrac, Marie, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Chemistry, Oncogenesis, Stress and Signaling (COSS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CRLCC Eugène Marquis (CRLCC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), (le programme) Cartes d'identité des tumeurs (CIT), Ligue Nationales Contre le Cancer (LNCC), PRT-K16-155 2016, Institut National Du Cancer (French National Cancer Institute), PRT-K16-155 2016, Direction Générale de landapos, offre de Soins (DGOS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Rennes (UR)-CRLCC Eugène Marquis (CRLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and Jonchère, Laurent
Subjects: Male, Gene Expression, lcsh:Medicine, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Article, Paediatric cancer, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Neoplasms, Databases, Genetic, Protein Interaction Mapping, Cancer genomics, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, Computer Simulation, Gene Regulatory Networks, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Protein Interaction Maps, Child, lcsh:Science, Models, Statistical, Gene Expression Profiling, Computational science, lcsh:R, Computational Biology, Genomics, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Systems Integration, Gene Expression Regulation, Child, Preschool, Female, lcsh:Q, Transcriptome
Abstract: International audience; The genetic etiology of childhood cancers still remains largely unknown. It is therefore essential to develop novel strategies to unravel the spectrum of pediatric cancer genes. Statistical network modeling techniques have emerged as powerful methodologies for enabling the inference of gene-disease relationship and have been performed on adult but not pediatric cancers. We performed a deep multi-layer understanding of pan-cancer transcriptome data selected from the Treehouse Childhood Cancer Initiative through a co-expression network analysis. We identified six modules strongly associated with pediatric tumor histotypes that were functionally linked to developmental processes. Topological analyses highlighted that pediatric cancer predisposition genes and potential therapeutic targets were central regulators of cancer-histotype specific modules. A module was related to multiple pediatric malignancies with functions involved in DNA repair and cell cycle regulation. This canonical oncogenic module gathered most of the childhood cancer predisposition genes and clinically actionable genes. In pediatric acute leukemias, the driver genes were co-expressed in a module related to epigenetic and post-transcriptional processes, suggesting a critical role of these pathways in the progression of hematologic malignancies. This integrative pan-cancer study provides a thorough characterization of pediatric tumor-associated modules and paves the way for investigating novel candidate genes involved in childhood tumorigenesis.
Published: 2020
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18. The Effect of Thermal Stress on the Physiology and Bacterial Communities of Two Key Mediterranean Gorgonians

Author: Romie Tignat-Perrier, Jeroen A. J. M. van de Water, Dorian Guillemain, Didier Aurelle, Denis Allemand, Christine Ferrier-Pagès, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Ecology, Bacteria, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Microbiota, Mediterranean Sea, Animals, Seawater, Anthozoa, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract: In the Mediterranean Sea, the tree-shaped gorgonian corals form large forests that provide a place to live for many species. Because of this important ecological role, it is crucial to understand how common habitat-forming gorgonians, like Eunicella cavolini and Paramuricea clavata , are affected by high seawater temperatures that are expected in the future due to climate change.
Published: 2022
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19. Cancer-associated fibroblasts in renal cell carcinoma: implication in prognosis and resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy

Author: Christopher Montemagno, Gilles Pagès, Renaud Grépin, Arnaud Borderie, Michael Coutts, Delphine Borchiellini, Damien Ambrosetti, Charlotte Paoli, Matthieu Durand, Jean-Christophe Bernhard, Nathalie Rioux-Leclercq, Olivia Rastoin, Maeva Dufies, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Antoine Lacassagne [Nice] (UNICANCER/CAL), UNICANCER-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire International Associé Réponse des Organismes et Populations face au Stress Environnemental - Université Côte d’Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco (LIA ROPSE), Université Côte d’Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Fondation de France, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer (Equipe Labellisee 2019), French National Institute for Cancer Research (INCA), Cordon de vie Foundation, l'Institut National du Cancer (INCa) Institut National du Cancer (INCA) France, Government of the Principality of Monaco, FX Mora Foundation, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Fondation de FranceFondation de France, and l'Institut National du Cancer (INCa)Institut National du Cancer (INCA) France
Subjects: Male, #uroonc, anti-angiogenic treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Angiogenesis Inhibitors, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Nephrectomy, Metastasis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Renal cell carcinoma, Cell Movement, Sunitinib, Medicine, Cytotoxic T cell, Lymphangiogenesis, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Cell migration, Cell Differentiation, Middle Aged, Kidney Neoplasms, Neoadjuvant Therapy, 3. Good health, Vascular endothelial growth factor, Survival Rate, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Lymphatic Metastasis, Female, cancer-associated fibroblasts, Adult, Urology, Antineoplastic Agents, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Disease-Free Survival, resistance, 03 medical and health sciences, Cell Line, Tumor, Endopeptidases, Biomarkers, Tumor, Animals, Humans, Carcinoma, Renal Cell, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, Retrospective Studies, #kcsm, business.industry, Membrane Proteins, medicine.disease, Actins, Capillaries, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, chemistry, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, fibroblast-associated protein, #KidneyCancer, Cancer research, Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts, business, Transcriptome, prognostic marker
Abstract: International audience; Objectives: To investigate the role of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) with respect to tumour aggressiveness, metastasis development, and resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors [VEGFR-TKI]).Patients and methods: Our study involved tissue samples from three distinct and independent cohorts of patients with ccRCC. The presence of CAFs and tumour lymphangiogenesis was investigated, respectively, by transcriptional signatures and then correlated with tumour development and prognosis. The effect of these CAFs on tumour cell migration and VEGFR-TKI resistance was analysed on co-cultures of ccRCC cells with CAFs.Results: Results from our cohorts and from in silico investigations showed that VEGFR-TKI significantly increase the number of CAFs in tumours. In the same populations of patients with ccRCC, the proportion of intra-tumoral CAFs correlated to shorter disease-free and overall survival. The presence of CAFs was also correlated with lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis. CAFs increased the migration and decreased the VEGFR-TKI-dependent cytotoxic effect of tumour cells.Conclusions: Our results show that VEGFR-TKI promote the development of CAFs, and CAFs favour tumour aggressiveness, metastatic dissemination, and resistance to treatment in ccRCC. CAFs could represent a new therapeutic target to fight resistance to treatment of ccRCC. Targeting CAF and immunotherapies combination are emerging as efficient treatments in many types of solid tumours. Our results highlight their relevance in ccRCC.
Published: 2022
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20. Targeting of the ELR+CXCL/CXCR1/2 Pathway Is a Relevant Strategy for the Treatment of Paediatric Medulloblastomas

Author: Manon Penco-Campillo, Clément Molina, Patricia Piris, Nouha Soufi, Manon Carré, Marina Pagnuzzi-Boncompagni, Vincent Picco, Maeva Dufies, Cyril Ronco, Rachid Benhida, Sonia Martial, Gilles Pagès, MARTIAL, Sonia, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: paediatric medulloblastoma, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], General Medicine, targeted therapy, Receptors, Interleukin-8A, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Mice, angiogenesis, CXCR1/2, ELR+CXCL cytokines, Quality of Life, Animals, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Cerebellar Neoplasms, Medulloblastoma
Abstract: International audience; Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common and aggressive paediatric brain tumour. Although the cure rate can be as high as 70%, current treatments (surgery, radio- and chemotherapy) excessively affect the patients’ quality of life. Relapses cannot be controlled by conventional or targeted treatments and are usually fatal. The strong heterogeneity of the disease (four subgroups and several subtypes) is related to innate or acquired resistance to reference treatments. Therefore, more efficient and less-toxic therapies are needed. Here, we demonstrated the efficacy of a novel inhibitor (C29) of CXCR1/2 receptors for ELR+CXCL cytokines for the treatment of childhood MB. The correlation between ELR+CXCL/CXCR1/2 expression and patient survival was determined using the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization platform. In vitro efficacy of C29 was evaluated by its ability to inhibit proliferation, migration, invasion, and pseudo-vessel formation of MB cell lines sensitive or resistant to radiotherapy. The growth of experimental MB obtained by MB spheroids on organotypic mouse cerebellar slices was also assayed. ELR+CXCL/CXCR1/2 levels correlated with shorter survival. C29 inhibited proliferation, clone formation, CXCL8/CXCR1/2-dependent migration, invasion, and pseudo-vessel formation by sensitive and radioresistant MB cells. C29 reduced experimental growth of MB in the ex vivo organotypic mouse model and crossed the blood–brain barrier. Targeting CXCR1/2 represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of paediatric MB in first-line treatment or after relapse following conventional therapy.
Published: 2022
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21. Integrative omics framework for characterization of coral reef ecosystems from the Tara Pacific expedition

Author: Caroline Belser, Julie Poulain, Karine Labadie, Frederick Gavory, Adriana Alberti, Julie Guy, Quentin Carradec, Corinne Cruaud, Corinne da Silva, Stefan Engelen, Paul Mielle, Aude Perdereau, Gaelle Samson, Shahinaz Gas, Genoscope Technical Team, Voolstra, Christian R., Galand, Pierre E., Michel Flores, J., Benjamin Cc Hume, Gabriela Perna, Maren Ziegler, Hans-Joachim Ruscheweyh, Emilie Boissin, Sarah Romac, Guillaume Bourdin, Guillaume Iwankow, Clémentine Moulin, Paz García, David A., Sylvain Agostini, Bernard Banaigs, Emmanuel Boss, Chris Bowler, Colomban de Vargas, Éric Douville, Didier Forcioli, Paola Furla, Éric Gilson, Fabien Lombard, Stephane Pesant, Stéphanie Reynaud, Shinichi Sunagawa, Olivier Thomas, Romain Troublé, Rebecca Vega Thurber, Didier Zoccola, Claude Scarpelli, Krame Jacoby, E., Oliveira, Pedro H., Jean-Marc Aury, Denis Allemand, Serge Planes, Patrick Wincker, Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Universität Konstanz, Laboratoire d'Ecogéochimie des environnements benthiques (LECOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU), Department of Biology [ETH Zürich] (D-BIOL), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Maine, Tara Expéditions, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste [Mexico] (CONACYT-CIBNOR), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT), Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université des Antilles (UA), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Oregon State University (OSU), Menguy, Caroline, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)
Subjects: FOS: Biological sciences, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM), [INFO.INFO-BI] Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]
Abstract: Coral reef science is a fast-growing field propelled by the need to better understand coral health and resilience to devise strategies to slow reef loss resulting from environmental stresses. Key to coral resilience are the symbiotic interactions established within a complex holobiont, i.e. the multipartite assemblages comprising the host coral organism, endosymbiotic dinoflagellates, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses. Tara Pacific is an ambitious project built upon the experience of previous Tara Oceans expeditions, and leveraging state-of-the-art sequencing technologies and analyses to dissect the biodiversity and biocomplexity of the coral holobiont screened across most archipelagos spread throughout the entire Pacific Ocean. Here we detail the Tara Pacific workflow for multi-omics data generation, from sample handling to nucleotide sequence data generation and deposition. This unique multidimensional framework also includes a large amount of concomitant metadata collected side-by-side that provide new assessments of coral reef biodiversity including micro-biodiversity and shape future investigations of coral reef dynamics and their fate in the Anthropocene.
Published: 2022
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22. Estimating ecotoxicological effects of chemicals on tropical reef-building corals; a systematic review protocol

Author: Dakis-Yaoba Ouédraogo, Olivier Perceval, Christine Ferrier-Pagès, Isabelle Domart-Coulon, Laetitia Hédouin, Karen Burga, Mireille M. M. Guillaume, Christophe Calvayrac, Magalie Castelin, Yorick Reyjol, Romain Sordello, Direction générale déléguée à la Recherche, à l’Expertise, à la Valorisation et à l’Enseignement-Formation (DGD.REVE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Biocapteurs-Analyses-Environnement (BAE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), PIERRE FABRE-EDF (EDF)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Patrimoine naturel (PatriNat), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université des Antilles (UA), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)
Subjects: Environmental sciences, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Contamination, Hermatypic, GE1-350, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Hazard assessment, Scleractinian, Pollution, Toxicity endpoints
Abstract: International audience; Background. Tropical coral reefs cover only ca. 0.1% of the Earth’s surface but host an outstanding biodiversity and provide important ecosystem services to millions of people living nearby. They are currently threatened by global (e.g., climate change) and local (e.g., chemical pollution) stressors that interact in different ways. While global stressors cannot be mitigated by local actions alone, local stressors can be reduced through ecosystem management. A systematic map on the impacts of chemicals arising from anthropogenic activities on tropical reef-building corals, which are the main engineer species of reef ecosystems, was published in 2021. This systematic map gathered an abundant literature (908 articles corresponding to 7937 studies), and identified four well-represented subtopics, amenable to relevant full syntheses. Here, we focused on one of the four subtopics: we aimed to systematically review the evidence on the ecotoxicological effects of chemicals on tropical reef-building corals.Methods. The evidence will be identified from the recent systematic map on the impacts of chemicals arising from anthropogenic activities on tropical reef-building corals. Especially, all studies in the map database corresponding to the knowledge cluster “evidence on the ecotoxicological effects of chemicals on corals” will be selected. To identify the evidence produced since then, a search update will be performed using a subset of the search string used for the systematic map, and titles, abstracts and full-texts will be screened according to the criteria defining the selected cluster of the map. In addition, as the eligibility criteria for the systematic review are narrower than those used to define the cluster in the systematic map, additional screening will be carried out. The included studies will then be critically appraised and a low, medium, or high risk of bias will be assigned to each study. Data will be extracted from studies and synthesised according to a strategy depending on the type of exposure and outcome. Synthesis will be mainly quantitative but also narrative, aiming to identify toxicity thresholds of chemicals for corals.
Published: 2021
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23. Experimental and computational modeling for signature and biomarker discovery of renal cell carcinoma progression

Author: Cooley, Lindsay, Rudewicz, Justine, Souleyreau, Wilfried, Emanuelli, Andrea, Alvarez-Arenas, Arturo, Clarke, Kim, Falciani, Francesco, Dufies, Maeva, Lambrechts, Diether, Modave, Elodie, Chalopin-Fillot, Domitille, Pineau, Raphael, Ambrosetti, Damien, Bernhard, Jean-Christophe, Ravaud, Alain, Négrier, Sylvie, Ferrero, Jean-Marc, Pagès, Gilles, Benzekry, Sebastien, Nikolski, Macha, Bikfalvi, Andreas, Institut de biochimie et génétique cellulaires (IBGC), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Immunology from Concept and Experiments to Translation (ImmunoConcept), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Méthodes computationnelles pour la prise en charge thérapeutique en oncologie : Optimisation des stratégies par modélisation mécaniste et statistique (COMPO), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre de Bioinformatique de Bordeaux (CBIB), CGFB, Laboratoire Angiogenèse et Micro-environnement des Cancers (LAMC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Modélisation Mathématique pour l'Oncologie (MONC), Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux (IMB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Bergonié [Bordeaux], UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Mathematical Oncology Laboratory [Ciudad Real] (MôLAB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha = University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), University of Liverpool, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Leuven Center for Cancer Biology (VIB-KU-CCB), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)-Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie [Ghent, Belgique] (VIB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] (CHU), service d'urologie [CHU Bordeaux], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Antoine Lacassagne [Nice] (UNICANCER/CAL), UNICANCER-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, and Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: EXPRESSION, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, PROGNOSIS, Tumor model, INHIBITION, Prognostic markers renal cell carcinoma, SUNITINIB, Models, Biological, VALIDATION, Metastasis, SAA2, Mice, Cell Line, Tumor, Biomarkers, Tumor, Animals, Humans, R PACKAGE, Carcinoma, Renal Cell, RC254-282, Science & Technology, Gene Expression Profiling, Research, Computational model, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Computational Biology, Disease Management, SERUM AMYLOID ALPHA, Genomics, Prognosis, CANCER, Systems biology approach, Kidney Neoplasms, Disease Models, Animal, Gene Ontology, CFB, Oncology, SURVIVAL, Heterografts, Disease Susceptibility, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract: Background Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is difficult to treat with 5-year survival rate of 10% in metastatic patients. Main reasons of therapy failure are lack of validated biomarkers and scarce knowledge of the biological processes occurring during RCC progression. Thus, the investigation of mechanisms regulating RCC progression is fundamental to improve RCC therapy. Methods In order to identify molecular markers and gene processes involved in the steps of RCC progression, we generated several cell lines of higher aggressiveness by serially passaging mouse renal cancer RENCA cells in mice and, concomitantly, performed functional genomics analysis of the cells. Multiple cell lines depicting the major steps of tumor progression (including primary tumor growth, survival in the blood circulation and metastatic spread) were generated and analyzed by large-scale transcriptome, genome and methylome analyses. Furthermore, we performed clinical correlations of our datasets. Finally we conducted a computational analysis for predicting the time to relapse based on our molecular data. Results Through in vivo passaging, RENCA cells showed increased aggressiveness by reducing mice survival, enhancing primary tumor growth and lung metastases formation. In addition, transcriptome and methylome analyses showed distinct clustering of the cell lines without genomic variation. Distinct signatures of tumor aggressiveness were revealed and validated in different patient cohorts. In particular, we identified SAA2 and CFB as soluble prognostic and predictive biomarkers of the therapeutic response. Machine learning and mathematical modeling confirmed the importance of CFB and SAA2 together, which had the highest impact on distant metastasis-free survival. From these data sets, a computational model predicting tumor progression and relapse was developed and validated. These results are of great translational significance. Conclusion A combination of experimental and mathematical modeling was able to generate meaningful data for the prediction of the clinical evolution of RCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-021-01416-5.
Published: 2021
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24. Antiangiogenic Compound Axitinib Demonstrates Low Toxicity and Antitumoral Effects against Medulloblastoma

Author: Marina Pagnuzzi-Boncompagni, Vincent Picco, Valérie Vial, Victor Planas-Bielsa, Ashaina Vandenberghe, Thomas Daubon, Marie-Alix Derieppe, Christopher Montemagno, Jérôme Durivault, Renaud Grépin, Sonia Martial, Jérôme Doyen, Julie Gavard, Gilles Pagès, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Institut de biochimie et génétique cellulaires (IBGC), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Antoine Lacassagne [Nice] (UNICANCER/CAL), UNICANCER-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Signaling in Oncogenesis, Angiogenesis and Permeability - SOAP (CRCI2NA / Eq 6), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Intégrée Nantes-Angers (CRCI2NA ), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Santé, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes Université - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (Nantes Univ - UFR MEDECINE), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), and Bernardo, Elizabeth
Subjects: Cancer Research, angiogenesis, pediatric brain cancer, medulloblastoma, targeted therapy, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Oncology, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, RC254-282, Article
Abstract: Simple Summary Medulloblastoma is the most frequent pediatric brain cancer. Despite great improvements in the treatment of this disease over the last decades, survivors are subject to debilitating adverse effects that strongly impair their quality of life. There is an urgent need to find efficient anticancer therapies with fewer toxic effects. In this study, we suggest that an FDA- and EMA-approved antiangiogenic compound named axitinib may display effective antitumoral effects and low toxicity towards children as compared to a reference treatment currently used in clinical protocols. We also show that this compound can enter the brain compartment and exert antitumoral effects in vivo. Our study paves the way towards a clinical trial of repurposing axitinib to a pediatric brain cancer indication. Abstract Background: Despite the improvement of medulloblastoma (MB) treatments, survivors face severe long-term adverse effects and associated morbidity following multimodal treatments. Moreover, relapses are fatal within a few months. Therefore, chemotherapies inducing fewer adverse effects and/or improving survival at relapse are key for MB patients. Our purpose was to evaluate the last-generation antiangiogenic drugs for their relevance in the therapeutic arsenal of MB. Methods: We screened three EMA- and FDA-approved antiangiogenic compounds (axitinib, cabozantinib and sunitinib) for their ability to reduce cell viability of five MB cell lines and their low toxicity towards two normal cell lines in vitro. Based on this screening, single-agent and combination therapies were designed for in vivo validation. Results: Axitinib, cabozantinib and sunitinib decreased viability of all the tested tumor cells. Although sunitinib was the most efficient in tumor cells, it also impacted normal cells. Therefore, axitinib showed the highest selectivity index for MB cells as compared to normal cells. The compound did not lead to acute toxicity in juvenile rats and crossed the blood–brain barrier. Moreover, axitinib efficiently reduced the growth rate of experimental brain tumors. Analysis of public databases showed that high expression of axitinib targets correlates with poor prognosis. Conclusion: Our results suggest that axitinib is a compelling candidate for MB treatment.
Published: 2021
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25. The population of merging compact binaries inferred using gravitational waves through GWTC-3

Author: Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Akutsu, T., de Alarcón, P. F., Akcay, S., Albanesi, S., Allocca, A., Altin, P. A., Amato, A., Anand, C., Anand, S., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Ando, M., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Andrić, T., Angelova, S. V., Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Antonini, F., Appert, S., Arai, Koji, Arai, Koya, Arai, Y., Araki, S., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Arène, M., Aritomi, N., Arnaud, N., Arogeti, M., Aronson, S. M., Arun, K. G., Asada, H., Asali, Y., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Assiduo, M., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., Austin, C., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Bader, M. K. M., Badger, C., Bae, S., Bae, Y., Baer, A. M., Bagnasco, S., Bai, Y., Baiotti, L., Baird, J., Bajpai, R., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Balsamo, A., Baltus, G., Banagiri, S., Bankar, D., Barayoga, J. C., Barbieri, C., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bayley, J. C., Baylor, A. C., Bazzan, M., Bécsy, B., Bedakihale, V. M., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I., Benedetto, V., Beniwal, D., Bennett, T. F., Bentley, J. D., Benyaala, M., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bernuzzi, S., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, D., Bhandare, R., Bhardwaj, U., Bhattacharjee, D., Bhaumik, S., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Bini, S., Birney, R., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Bischi, M., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Biswas, B., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. -A., Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Boldrini, M., Bonavena, L. D., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Boom, B. A., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, N., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V., Boudart, V., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Bramley, A., Branch, A., Branchesi, M., Brandt, J., Brau, J. E., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Briggs, J. H., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brooks, J., Brown, D. D., Brunett, S., BRUNO, Giovanni, Bruntz, R., Bryant, J., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buscicchio, R., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Callaghan, J. D., Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Cameron, J., Camp, J. B., Canepa, M., Canevarolo, S., Cannavacciuolo, M., Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Cao, Z., Capocasa, E., Capote, E., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Carlin, J. B., Carney, M. F., Carpinelli, M., Carrillo, G., Carullo, G., Carver, T. L., Diaz, J. Casanueva, CASENTINI, CLAUDIO, Castaldi, G., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Ceasar, M., Cella, G., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, W., Chakravarti, K., Subrahmanya, S. Chalathadka, Champion, E., Chan, C. -H., Chan, C., Chan, C. L., Chan, K., Chan, M., Chandra, K., Chanial, P., Chao, S., Chapman-Bird, C. E. A., Charlton, P., Chase, E. A., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, C., Chatterjee, Debarati, Chatterjee, Deep, Chaturvedi, M., Chaty, S., Chatziioannou, K., Chen, C., Chen, H. Y., Chen, J., Chen, K., Chen, X., Chen, Y. -B., Chen, Y. -R., Chen, Z., Cheng, H., Cheong, C. K., Cheung, H. Y., Chia, H. Y., Chiadini, F., Chiang, C. -Y., Chiarini, G., Chierici, R., Chincarini, A., Chiofalo, M. L., Chiummo, A., Cho, G., Cho, H. S., Choudhary, R. K., Choudhary, S., Christensen, N., Chu, H., Chu, Q., Chu, Y. -K., Chua, S., Chung, K. W., Ciani, G., Ciecielag, P., Cieślar, M., Cifaldi, M., Ciobanu, A. 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H., Datta, S., Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Davier, M., Davies, G. S., Davis, D., Davis, M. C., Daw, E. J., Dean, R., Debra, D., Deenadayalan, M., Degallaix, J., de Laurentis, M., Deléglise, S., Del Favero, V., de Lillo, F., de Lillo, N., Del Pozzo, W., Demarchi, L. M., de Matteis, F., D'Emilio, V., Demos, N., Dent, T., Depasse, A., de Pietri, R., De Rosa, R., de Rossi, C., Desalvo, R., de Simone, R., Dhurandhar, S., Díaz, M. C., Diaz-Ortiz, M., Didio, N. A., Dietrich, T., di Fiore, L., di Fronzo, C., di Giorgio, C., di Giovanni, F., di Giovanni, M., di Girolamo, T., di Lieto, A., Ding, B., di Pace, S., di Palma, I., di Renzo, F., Divakarla, A. K., Dmitriev, A., Doctor, Z., D'Onofrio, L., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Dorrington, I., Drago, M., Driggers, J. C., Drori, Y., Ducoin, J. -G., Dupej, P., Durante, O., D'Urso, D., Duverne, P. -A., Dwyer, S. E., Eassa, C., Easter, P. J., Ebersold, M., Eckhardt, T., Eddolls, G., Edelman, B., Edo, T. 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R., Gais, J., Galaudage, S., Gamba, R., Ganapathy, D., Ganguly, A., Gao, D., Gaonkar, S. G., Garaventa, B., García, F., García-Núñez, C., García-Quirós, C., Garufi, F., Gateley, B., Gaudio, S., Gayathri, V., Ge, G. -G., Gemme, G., Gennai, A., George, J., George, R. N., Gerberding, O., Gergely, L., Gewecke, P., Ghonge, S., Ghosh, Abhirup, Ghosh, Archisman, Ghosh, Shaon, Ghosh, Shrobana, Giacomazzo, B., Giacoppo, L., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Gibson, D. R., Gier, C., Giesler, M., Giri, P., Gissi, F., Glanzer, J., Gleckl, A. E., Godwin, P., Golomb, J., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gohlke, N., Goncharov, B., González, G., Gopakumar, A., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Gould, D. W., Grace, B., GRADO, ANIELLO, Granata, M., Granata, V., Grant, A., Gras, S., Grassia, P., Gray, C., Gray, R., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Green, R., Gretarsson, A. M., Gretarsson, E. M., Griffith, D., Griffiths, W., Griggs, H. L., Grignani, G., Grimaldi, A., Grimm, S. J., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Gruning, P., Guerra, D., Guidi, G. M., Guimaraes, A. R., Guixé, G., Gulati, H. K., Guo, H. -K., Guo, Y., Gupta, Anchal, Gupta, Anuradha, Gupta, P., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Guzman, F., Ha, S., Haegel, L., Hagiwara, A., Haino, S., Halim, O., Hall, E. D., Hamilton, E. Z., Hammond, G., Han, W. -B., Haney, M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hannuksela, O., Hansen, H., Hansen, T. J., Hanson, J., Harder, T., Hardwick, T., Haris, K., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hartwig, D., Hasegawa, K., Haskell, B., Hasskew, R. K., Haster, C. -J., Hattori, K., Haughian, K., Hayakawa, H., Hayama, K., Hayes, F. J., Healy, J., Heidmann, A., Heidt, A., Heintze, M. C., Heinze, J., Heinzel, J., Heitmann, H., Hellman, F., Hello, P., Helmling-Cornell, A. F., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennes, E., Hennig, J., Hennig, M. H., Hernandez, A. G., Vivanco, F. Hernandez, Heurs, M., Hild, S., Hill, P., Himemoto, Y., Hines, A. 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J., Roy, S., Roy, Santosh, Roy, Soumen, Rozza, D., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sadiq, J., Sago, N., Saito, S., Saito, Y., Sakai, K., Sakai, Y., Sakellariadou, M., Sakuno, Y., Salafia, O. S., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Salemi, F., Samajdar, A., Sanchez, E. J., Sanchez, J. H., Sanchez, L. E., Sanchis-Gual, N., Sanders, J. R., Sanuy, A., Saravanan, T. R., Sarin, N., Sassolas, B., Satari, H., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Sato, S., Sato, T., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Sawada, T., Sawant, D., Sawant, H. L., Sayah, S., Schaetzl, D., Scheel, M., Scheuer, J., Schiworski, M., Schmidt, P., Schmidt, S., Schnabel, R., Schneewind, M., Schofield, R. M. S., Schönbeck, A., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Schwartz, E., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiguchi, Y., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Seo, E. G., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Setyawati, Y., Shaffer, T., Shahriar, M. S., Shams, B., Shao, L., Sharma, A., Sharma, P., Shawhan, P., Shcheblanov, N. S., Shibagaki, S., Shikauchi, M., Shimizu, R., Shimoda, T., Shimode, K., Shinkai, H., Shishido, T., Shoda, A., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Shyamsundar, S., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Singer, L. P., Singh, D., Singh, N., Singha, A., Sintes, A. M., Sipala, V., Skliris, V., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slaven-Blair, T. J., Smetana, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, R. J. E., Soldateschi, J., Somala, S. N., Somiya, K., Son, E. J., Soni, K., Soni, S., Sordini, V., Sorrentino, F., Sorrentino, N., Sotani, H., Soulard, R., Souradeep, T., Sowell, E., Spagnuolo, V., Spencer, A. P., Spera, M., Srinivasan, R., Srivastava, A. K., Srivastava, V., Staats, K., Stachie, C., Steer, D. A., Steinhoff, J., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Stevenson, S. P., Stops, D. J., Stover, M., Strain, K. A., Strang, L. C., Stratta, G., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Sudhagar, S., Sudhir, V., Sugimoto, R., Suh, H. G., Sullivan, A. G., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, H., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Sur, A., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Suzuki, Takamasa, Suzuki, Toshikazu, Swinkels, B. L., Szczepańczyk, M. J., Szewczyk, P., Tacca, M., Tagoshi, H., Tait, S. C., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, R., Takamori, A., Takano, S., Takeda, H., Takeda, M., Talbot, C. J., Talbot, C., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, Kazuyuki, Tanaka, Kenta, Tanaka, Taiki, Tanaka, Takahiro, Tanasijczuk, A. J., Tanioka, S., Tanner, D. B., Tao, D., Tao, L., Martín, E. N. Tapia San, Taranto, C., Tasson, J. D., Telada, S., Tenorio, R., Terhune, J. E., Terkowski, L., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, L., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thompson, J. E., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tiwari, Shubhanshu, Tiwari, Srishti, Tiwari, V., Toivonen, A. M., Toland, K., Tolley, A. E., Tomaru, T., Tomigami, Y., Tomura, T., Tonelli, M., Torres-Forné, A., Torrie, C. I., e Melo, I. Tosta, Töyrä, D., Trapananti, A., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trevor, M., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Troiano, L., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R. J., Tsai, D. S., Tsai, D., Tsang, K. W., Tsang, T., Tsao, J-S., Tse, M., Tso, R., Tsubono, K., Tsuchida, S., Tsukada, L., Tsuna, D., Tsutsui, T., Tsuzuki, T., Turbang, K., Turconi, M., Tuyenbayev, D., Ubhi, A. S., Uchikata, N., Uchiyama, T., Udall, R. P., Ueda, A., Uehara, T., Ueno, K., Ueshima, G., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Uraguchi, F., Urban, A. L., Ushiba, T., Utina, A., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Vajpeyi, A., Valdes, G., Valentini, M., Valsan, V., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van den Brand, J. F. J., Van Den Broeck, C., Vander-Hyde, D. C., van der Schaaf, L., van Heijningen, J. V., Vanosky, J., van Putten, M. H. P. M., van Remortel, N., Vardaro, M., Vargas, A. F., Varma, V., Vasúth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venneberg, J., Venugopalan, G., Verkindt, D., Verma, P., Verma, Y., Veske, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Vidyant, S., Viets, A. D., Vijaykumar, A., Villa-Ortega, V., Vinet, J. -Y., Virtuoso, A., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., von Reis, E. R. G., von Wrangel, J. S. A., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Wagner, K. J., Walet, R. C., Walker, M., Wallace, G. S., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, J., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Ward, R. L., Warner, J., Was, M., Washimi, T., Washington, N. Y., Watchi, J., Weaver, B., Webster, S. A., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Weller, C. M., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Weßels, P., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., White, D. D., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wilken, D., Williams, D., Williams, M. J., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wilson, D. J., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wlodarczyk, T., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wong, I. C. F., Wu, C., Wu, D. S., Wu, H., Wu, S., Wysocki, D. M., Xiao, L., Xu, W-R., Yamada, T., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, Kazuhiro, Yamamoto, Kohei, Yamamoto, T., Yamashita, K., Yamazaki, R., Yang, F. W., Yang, L., Yang, Y., Yang, Yang, Yang, Z., Yap, M. J., Yeeles, D. W., Yelikar, A. B., Ying, M., Yokogawa, K., Yokoyama, J., Yokozawa, T., Yoo, J., Yoshioka, T., Yu, Hang, Yu, Haocun, Yuzurihara, H., Zadrożny, A., Zanolin, M., Zeidler, S., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zevin, M., Zhan, M., Zhang, H., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, G., Zhao, Y., Zhao, Yue, Zheng, Y., Zhou, R., Zhou, Z., Zhu, X. J., Zhu, Z. -H., Zimmerman, A. B., Zlochower, Y., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (ARTEMIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des deux Infinis de Toulouse (L2IT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES), IHES, LIGO Scientific, VIRGO, KAGRA, The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration, Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Navier (NAVIER UMR 8205), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), and Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (IHES)
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract: We report on the population properties of 76 compact binary mergers detected with gravitational waves below a false alarm rate of 1 per year through GWTC-3. The catalog contains three classes of binary mergers: BBH, BNS, and NSBH mergers. We infer the BNS merger rate to be between 10 $\rm{Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}}$ and 1700 $\rm{Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}}$ and the NSBH merger rate to be between 7.8 $\rm{Gpc^{-3}\, yr^{-1}}$ and 140 $\rm{Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}}$ , assuming a constant rate density versus comoving volume and taking the union of 90% credible intervals for methods used in this work. Accounting for the BBH merger rate to evolve with redshift, we find the BBH merger rate to be between 17.9 $\rm{Gpc^{-3}\, yr^{-1}}$ and 44 $\rm{Gpc^{-3}\, yr^{-1}}$ at a fiducial redshift (z=0.2). We obtain a broad neutron star mass distribution extending from $1.2^{+0.1}_{-0.2} M_\odot$ to $2.0^{+0.3}_{-0.3} M_\odot$. We can confidently identify a rapid decrease in merger rate versus component mass between neutron star-like masses and black-hole-like masses, but there is no evidence that the merger rate increases again before 10 $M_\odot$. We also find the BBH mass distribution has localized over- and under-densities relative to a power law distribution. While we continue to find the mass distribution of a binary's more massive component strongly decreases as a function of primary mass, we observe no evidence of a strongly suppressed merger rate above $\sim 60 M_\odot$. The rate of BBH mergers is observed to increase with redshift at a rate proportional to $(1+z)^{\kappa}$ with $\kappa = 2.9^{+1.7}_{-1.8}$ for $z\lesssim 1$. Observed black hole spins are small, with half of spin magnitudes below $\chi_i \simeq 0.25$. We observe evidence of negative aligned spins in the population, and an increase in spin magnitude for systems with more unequal mass ratio., Comment: v2: minor edits, most to Table 1 and caption; v3: rerun with public data; Data release: https://zenodo.org/record/5655785; v4: update Fig 14
Published: 2021
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26. Biologging of emperor penguins – attachment techniques and associated deployment performance

Author: Damien Chevallier, Sebastian Richter, André Ancel, Ben Fabry, Daniel P. Zitterbart, Alexander Winterl, Le Bohec C, Julien Fournier, Houstin A, Planas-Bielsa, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Alternative methods, biology, Computer science, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Aptenodytes, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Fishery, Software deployment, Emperor, 14. Life underwater
Abstract: An increasing number of marine animals are equipped with biologgers, to study their physiology, behaviour and ecology, often for conservation purposes. To minimise the impacts of biologgers on the animals’ welfare, the Refinement principle from the Three Rs framework (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement) urges to continuously test and evaluate new and updated biologging protocols.Here, we propose alternative and promising techniques for emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) capture and on-site logger deployment that aim to mitigate the potential negative impacts of logger deployment on these birds. We equipped adult emperor penguins for short-term (GPS, Time-Depth Recorder (TDR)) and long-term (i.e. planned for one year) deployments (ARGOS platforms, TDR), as well as juvenile emperor penguins for long-term deployments (ARGOS platforms) in the Weddell Sea area where they had not yet been studied.We describe and qualitatively evaluate our protocols for the attachment of biologgers on-site at the colony, the capture of the animals and the recovery of the devices after deployment. We report unprecedented recaptures of long-term equipped adult emperor penguins (50% of equipped individuals recaptured after 290 days). Our data demonstrate that the traditional technique of long-term attachment by gluing the biologgers directly to the back feathers is detrimental to the birds. It causes excessive feather breakage and the loss of the devices at an early stage. We therefore propose an alternative method of attachment for back-mounted devices. This technique led to successful year-round deployments on 37.5% of the equipped juveniles. Finally, we also disclose the first deployments of leg-bracelet mounted TDRs on emperor penguins.Our findings highlight the importance of monitoring potential impacts of biologger deployments on the animals and the need to remain critical towards established and new protocols.
Published: 2021

27. Evidence on the impacts of chemicals arising from human activity on tropical reef-building corals; a systematic map

Author: Dakis-Yaoba Ouédraogo, Mathilde Delaunay, Romain Sordello, Laetitia Hédouin, Magalie Castelin, Olivier Perceval, Isabelle Domart-Coulon, Karen Burga, Christine Ferrier-Pagès, Romane Multon, Mireille M. M. Guillaume, Clément Léger, Christophe Calvayrac, Pascale Joannot, Yorick Reyjol, Direction générale déléguée à la Recherche, à l’Expertise, à la Valorisation et à l’Enseignement-Formation (DGD.REVE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Patrimoine naturel (PatriNat), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Direction générale déléguée aux collections (DGD.C), Biocapteurs-Analyses-Environnement (BAE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire (Université d'Abomey Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin) (LBBM), University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université des Antilles (UA), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université d’Abomey-Calavi = University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), French Office for Biodiversity (OFB), and French National Museum of Natural History (MNHN)
Subjects: fungi, technology, industry, and agriculture, social sciences, Nutrients, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Pollution, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Environmental sciences, Contamination, Hermatypic, GE1-350, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Scleractinian, geographic locations
Abstract: International audience; Background: Tropical coral reefs cover ca. 0.1% of the Earth's surface but host an outstanding biodiversity and provide important ecosystem services to millions of people living nearby. They are currently threatened by local stressors (e.g. nutrient enrichment and chemical pollution arising from poor land management, sewage effluents, agriculture, industry) and global stressors (mainly seawater warming and acidification, i.e. climate change). Global and local stressors interact in different ways, but the presence of one stressor often reduces the tolerance to additional stress. While global stressors cannot be mitigated solely by local actions, local stressors can be reduced through ecosystem management, therefore minimizing the impact of climate change on coral reefs. We systematically mapped the evidence of impacts of chemicals arising from anthropogenic activities on tropical reef-building corals, which are the main engineer species of reef ecosystems, to inform decision-makers on the available evidence on this topic.Methods: We searched the relevant literature using English terms combined in a tested search string in two publication databases (Scopus and Web Of Science Core Collection). The search string combined terms describing the population (tropical reef-building corals) and the exposure (chemicals). We searched for additional literature through three search engines, three dissertations repositories, 11 specialist websites, and through a call to local stakeholders. Titles, abstracts, and full-texts were successively screened using pre-defned eligibility criteria. A database of all studies included in the map with coded metadata was produced. The evidence was described and knowledge clusters and gaps were identifed through the distribution and frequency of studies into types of exposure and/or types of outcomes and/or types of study.Review findings: The initial searches identifed 23,403 articles which resulted in 15,177 articles after duplicate removal. Among them, 908 articles were retained after screening process, corresponding to 7937 studies (a study being the combination of a taxon, an exposure, and an outcome). Among these studies, 30.5% dealt with the impact of nutrient enrichment on corals while 25% concerned the impact of human activities without referenceto a chemical. The most measured outcomes were those related to the chemical concentration in corals (bioaccumulation, 25.8%), to coral physiology (16.9%), cover (14%), and mortality (9%). Half of the studies (48.4%) were experimental—the exposure was controlled by the researchers—and were conducted in laboratory conditions (39.4%) and in situ (9%). The most studied taxa, exposure, and outcomes were diferent between experimental andobservational studies.Conclusions: We identifed four well-represented subtopics that may be amenable to relevant full syntheses via systematic reviews: (1) evidence on bioaccumulation of chemicals by corals; (2) evidence on the efects of nutrient enrichment on corals; (3) evidence on the efects of human activities on corals; and (4) evidence on the ecotoxicological efects of chemicals on corals (except nutrient enrichment). The systematic map shows that corals in their natural environment can be exposed to many categories of chemicals, and that there is a complete gap in experimental research on the combined efects of more than two categories of chemicals. We therefore encourage research on this topic.
Published: 2021
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28. How king penguins advertise their sexual maturity

Author: Yvon Le Maho, Víctor Planas-Bielsa, Laura Troudet, Thierry Aubin, Céline Le Bohec, Quentin Schull, Hannah Joy Kriesell, Clément Cornec, Francesco Bonadonna, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Riverly (Riverly), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Polaire Francais Paul Emile Victor : 137 354, Centre Scientifique de Monaco : LIA-647, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique through the Programme Zone Atelier de Recherches sur l'Environnement Antarctique et Subantarctique (ZATA), RTPI-NUTRESS (CSM/CNRS-UNI-STRA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and RiverLy - Fonctionnement des hydrosystèmes (RiverLy)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, vocalization, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Zoology, Context (language use), Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Courtship, optimal response index, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Animal communication, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, mate choice, animal communication, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common, Courtship display, 05 social sciences, penguin, sexual maturation, ornamentation, Beak, Mate choice, Plumage, Sexual selection, Animal Science and Zoology
Abstract: International audience; Reproductive success can improve with experience, which increases with age in many long-lived species. Signals that provide reliable information about age are therefore of importance for mate choice and consequently are under sexual selection. In birds, these are often vocal signals as well as visual signals in the form of plumage coloration. King penguins, Aptenodytes patagonicus, are sexually monomorphically ornamented seabirds that perform a complex visual and acoustic courtship display. Coloured beak spots and ear patches contain information about the condition and physiological status of adult males and females, but their role as a signal of age has previously only been studied in young birds. Vocalizations have mainly been studied as signals of individuality and not in the context of courtship. We investigated two multicomponent signals in the context of mate choice by analysing beak spot, ear patch and call parameters of wild king penguins. We explored the relation between these signals and age as well as age classes (chicks, juveniles, adults). Ornament parameters were weakly correlated with in males, but not in females, while acoustic parameters were highly correlated with age in both sexes. The calls' fundamental frequency and energy parameters and all the beak spot parameters reliably classified individuals into their age class. Since age class was redundantly encoded in both acoustic and colour parameters, we hypothesize that calls and ornaments function as back-up signals that increase the chance of accurately conveying the age class of the sender to receivers. King penguins might sequentially analyse age class signals during courtship, where acoustic signals serve as long-range communication when sender and receiver are out of sight, and ornamentation signals become important at close range. We show the importance of considering bimodal, multicomponent signals when studying complex behaviour and discuss how signalling environment, the species' life history and mating system influence the evolution of communication signals.
Published: 2021
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29. Dissolved Nitrogen Acquisition in the Symbioses of Soft and Hard Corals With Symbiodiniaceae: A Key to Understanding Their Different Nutritional Strategies?

Author: Chloé A. Pupier, Renaud Grover, Maoz Fine, Cécile Rottier, Jeroen A. J. M. van de Water, Christine Ferrier-Pagès, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Collège doctoral [Sorbonne universités], Sorbonne Université (SU), Bar-Ilan University [Israël], and The Interuniversity Institute for marine Science in Eilat
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Microbiology (medical), Nitrogen assimilation, Coral, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Heterotroph, stable isotopes, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, nitrogen, octocoral, 03 medical and health sciences, Nutrient, 14. Life underwater, Reef, Original Research, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Biomass (ecology), geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Assimilation (biology), Plankton, 6. Clean water, QR1-502, nutrition, mesophotic, Environmental science
Abstract: International audience; Nitrogen is one of the limiting nutrients for coral growth and primary productivity. Therefore, the capacity of different associations between corals and their algal symbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) to efficiently exploit the available nitrogen sources will influence their distribution and abundance. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of nitrogen assimilation in reef-building scleractinian (hard) coral-Symbiodiniaceae symbioses. However, the nutrient metabolism of other coral taxa, such as Alcyoniina (soft corals), remains underexplored. Using stable isotope labeling, we investigated the assimilation of dissolved nitrogen (i.e., ammonium, nitrate, and free amino acids) by multiple species of soft and hard corals sampled in the Gulf of Aqaba in shallow (8-10 m) and mesophotic (40-50 m) reefs. Our results show that dissolved nitrogen assimilation rates per tissue biomass were up to 10-fold higher in hard than in soft coral symbioses for all sources of nitrogen. Although such differences in assimilation rates could be linked to the Symbiodiniaceae density, Symbiodiniaceae species, or the C:N ratio of the host and algal symbiont fractions, none of these parameters were different between the two coral taxa. Instead, the lower assimilation rates in soft coral symbioses might be explained by their different nutritional strategy: whereas soft corals may obtain most of their nitrogen via the capture of planktonic prey by the coral host (heterotrophic feeding), hard corals may rely more on dissolved nitrogen assimilation by their algal symbionts to fulfill their needs. This study highlights different nutritional strategies in soft and hard coral symbioses. A higher reliance on heterotrophy may help soft corals to grow in reefs with higher turbidity, which have a high concentration of particles in suspension in seawater. Further, soft corals may benefit from lower dissolved nitrogen assimilation rates in areas with low water quality.
Published: 2021
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30. Low levels of ultra-violet radiation mitigate the deleterious effects of nitrate and thermal stress on coral photosynthesis

Author: Alice C.A. Blanckaert, Laura Fernandes de Barros Marangoni, Renaud Grover, Christine Ferrier-Pagès, Cécile Rottier, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Sorbonne Université - Institut de Formation Doctorale (IFD ), and Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Coral, Ultra-violet, 010501 environmental sciences, Oceanography, Nitrate, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, MESH: Animals, MESH: Ecosystem, Photosynthesis, MESH: Photosynthesis, Abiotic component, geography.geographical_feature_category, MESH: Symbiosis, biology, Coral Reefs, Eutrophication, Anthozoa, Pollution, MESH: Nitrates, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, population characteristics, MESH: Coral Reefs, geographic locations, Coral bleaching, Ultraviolet Rays, Pocillopora damicornis, Aquatic Science, Animals, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Symbiosis, Reef, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, Nitrates, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, technology, industry, and agriculture, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, 13. Climate action, MESH: Anthozoa, MESH: Ultraviolet Rays
Abstract: International audience; Reef ecosystems are under increasing pressure from global and local stressors. Rising seawater temperature and high ultraviolet radiation (UVR) levels are the main drivers of the disruption of the coral-dinoflagellate symbiosis (bleaching). Bleaching can also be exacerbated by nitrate contamination in coastal reefs. However, the underlying physiological mechanisms are still poorly understood. Here, we assessed the physiological and oxidative state of the scleractinian coral Pocillopora damicornis, maintained eight weeks in a crossed-factorial design including two temperatures (26 °C or 30 °C), and two nitrate (0.5 and 3 μM-enriched), and UVR (no UVR and 25/1.5 Wm−2 UVA/B) levels. Nitrate enrichment, and high temperature, significantly impaired coral photosynthesis. However, UVR alleviated the nitrate and temperature-induced decrease in photosynthesis, by increasing the coral's antioxidant capacity. The present study contributes to our understanding of the combined effects of abiotic stressors on coral bleaching susceptibility. Such information is urgently needed to refine reef management strategies.
Published: 2021
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31. Les approches thérapeutiques de modulation de l’épissage: Avancées et perspectives

Author: Saoudi, Amel, Goyenvalle, Aurélie, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Handicap neuromusculaire : Physiopathologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologies appliquées (END-ICAP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM)
Subjects: [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]
Abstract: International audience; Advances in genetic and genomic research continue to increase our knowledge of hereditary diseases, and an increasing number of them are being attributed to aberrant splicing, thus representing ideal targets for RNA modulation therapies. New strategies to skip or re-include exons during the splicing process have emerged and are now widely evaluated in the clinic. Several drugs have recently been approved in particular for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and spinal muscular atrophy. Among these molecules, antisense oligonucleotides, or ASOs, have gained increasing interest and have constantly been improved over the years through chemical modifications and design. However, their limited biodistribution following systemic administration still represents a major hurdle and the development of more potent alternative chemistries or new delivery systems has become a very active line of research in the past few years. In parallel, the use of small molecules with excellent biodistribution properties or of viral vectors to convey antisense sequences is also being investigated. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in splicing therapies through two examples of neuromuscular diseases and we discuss their main benefits and current limitations.; Les avancées en recherches génétique et génomique ne cessent d’accroître nos connaissances des maladies héréditaires. Un nombre croissant de ces maladies relève d’épissages aberrants qui représentent des cibles idéales pour les approches correctives centrées sur l’ARN. De nouvelles stratégies, en particulier médicamenteuses, visant à exclure ou à ré-inclure des exons lors du processus d’épissage, ont ainsi émergé et plusieurs molécules ont récemment obtenu des autorisations de mise sur le marché, notamment pour le traitement de la dystrophie musculaire de Duchenne et de l’amyotrophie spinale, suscitant de plus en plus d’intérêt et d’espoir. Parmi ces molécules, les oligonucléotides antisens, ou ASO, ont connu un réel essor et font l’objet de progrès constants en matière de modifications chimiques et de conception. Toutefois, leur biodistribution après administration par voie générale demeure souvent limitée, et le développement de chimies alternatives plus performantes et de nouveaux systèmes d’adressage est devenu un axe de recherche très actif. En parallèle, l’utilisation de petites molécules présentant une excellente biodistribution, ou de vecteurs viraux pour véhiculer les séquences antisens, est également explorée. Dans cette Synthèse, nous présentons les dernières avancées de ces approches de modulation d’épissage à travers deux exemples de maladies neuromusculaires. Nous discutons de leurs avantages et des principales limitations actuelles.
Published: 2021
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32. Bacteria display optimal transport near surfaces

Author: Stefan Otte, Fernando Peruani, Rodolphe Pontier-Bres, Dorota Czerucka, Emiliano Perez Ipiña, Université Côte d'Azur, Lab. J. A. Dieudonné, UMR 7351 CNRS, Parc Valrose, F-06108 Nice Cedex 02, France, Université Côte d’Azur, Laboratoire J.A. Dieudonné, UMR CNRS 7351, Parc Valrose, F-06108 Nice Cedex 02, France, and Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM)
Subjects: Physics, Surface (mathematics), biology, Strain (chemistry), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], General Physics and Astronomy, Adhesion, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Intermittent motion, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Biological system, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Bacteria
Abstract: The near-surface swimming patterns of bacteria are determined by hydrodynamic interactions between the bacteria and the surface, which trap the bacteria in smooth circular trajectories that lead to inefficient surface exploration. Here, we combine experiments with a data-driven mathematical model to show that the surface exploration of a pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli results from a complex interplay between motility and transient surface adhesion events. These events allow the bacteria to break the smooth circular trajectories and regulate their transport properties by exploiting stop events that are facilitated by surface adhesion and lead to characteristic intermittent motion on surfaces. We find that the experimentally measured frequency of these stop-adhesion events coincides with the value that maximizes bacterial surface diffusivity according to our mathematical model. We discuss the applicability of our experimental and theoretical results to other bacterial strains on different surfaces. Our findings suggest that swimming bacteria use transient adhesion as a generic mechanism to regulate surface motion. Bacteria swimming near surfaces can get trapped in circular trajectories that lead nowhere, hindering efficient surface exploration. A harmful strain of bacteria is now shown to circumvent the problem by exploiting transient surface adhesion events.
Published: 2019
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33. UBTD1 regulates ceramide balance and endolysosomal positioning to coordinate EGFR signaling

Author: S Torrino, V Tiroille, B Dolfi, M Dufies, C Hinault, L Bonesso, S Dagnino, JP Uhler, M Irondelle, AS Gay, L Fleuriot, D Debayle, S Lacas-Gervais, M Cormont, T Bertero, F Bost, J Gilleron, S Clavel, Centre méditerranéen de médecine moléculaire (C3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-18-CE14-0025,MatriPHate,Comprendre la dynamique de la niche vasculaire dans l'hypertension pulmonaire.(2018), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Imperial College London, University of Gothenburg (GU), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Bertero, Thomas, and Bost, Frédéric
Subjects: Male, Acid Ceramidase, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.BC.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Ubiquitin, Sequestosome-1 Protein, cell biology, Epidermal growth factor receptor, Biology (General), Phosphorylation, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, Neoplasm Proteins, Cell biology, ErbB Receptors, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Medicine, Signal transduction, Signal Transduction, Ceramide, QH301-705.5, Science, EGFR, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Ceramides, ubiquitination, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, UBTD1, 03 medical and health sciences, Sequestosome 1, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Cell Line, Tumor, [SDV.BC.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], Humans, ceramide, human, education, [SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Ubiquitins, 030304 developmental biology, Cell growth, Prostatic Neoplasms, Endolysosome, Kinetics, cell proliferation, chemistry, Proteolysis, biology.protein, Lysosomes
Abstract: To adapt in an ever-changing environment, cells must integrate physical and chemical signals and translate them into biological meaningful information through complex signaling pathways. By combining lipidomic and proteomic approaches with functional analysis, we have shown that UBTD1 (Ubiquitin domain-containing protein 1) plays a crucial role in both the EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) self-phosphorylation and its lysosomal degradation. On the one hand, by modulating the cellular level of ceramides through ASAH1 (N-Acylsphingosine Amidohydrolase 1) ubiquitination, UBTD1 controls the ligand-independent phosphorylation of EGFR. On the other hand, UBTD1, via the ubiquitination of SQSTM1/p62 (Sequestosome 1) and endolysosome positioning, participates in the lysosomal degradation of EGFR. The coordination of these two ubiquitin-dependent processes contributes to the control of the duration of the EGFR signal. Moreover, we showed that UBTD1 depletion exacerbates EGFR signaling and induces cell proliferation emphasizing a hitherto unknown function of UBTD1 in EGF-driven cell proliferation.
Published: 2021
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34. Noise pollution on coral reefs? — A yet underestimated threat to coral reef communities

Author: Frédéric Bertucci, David Lecchini, Miguel C. Leal, Dominik W. Schmid, Christine Ferrier-Pagès, Ricardo Calado, Denis Allemand, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Centro de Estudos do Ambiante e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Université de Liège, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Coral, Artisanal fishing, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Environmental monitoring, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Reef, Recreation, Ecosystem, Ships, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Noise pollution, Coral Reefs, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Fishes, Coral reef, Anthozoa, Pollution, Fishery, Noise, Sound, 13. Climate action, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Noise pollution is an anthropogenic stressor that is increasingly recognized for its negative impact on the physiology, behavior and fitness of marine organisms. Driven by the recent expansion of maritime shipping, artisanal fishing and tourism (e.g., motorboats used for recreational purpose), underwater noise increased greatly on coral reefs. In this review, we first provide an overview on how reef organisms sense and use sound. Thereafter we review the current knowledge on how underwater noise affects different reef organisms. Although the majority of available examples are limited to few fish species, we emphasize how the impact of noise differs based on an organisms' acoustic sensitivity, mobility and developmental stage, as well as between noise type, source and duration. Finally, we highlight measures available to governments, the shipping industry and individual users and provide directions for polices and research aimed to manage this global issue of noise emission on coral reefs.
Published: 2021
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35. Statistics of pathogenic bacteria in the search of host cells

Author: Rodolphe Pontier-Bres, Fernando Peruani, Stefan Otte, Dorota Czerucka, Emiliano Perez Ipiña, Université Côte d’Azur, Laboratoire J.A. Dieudonné, UMR CNRS 7351, Parc Valrose, F-06108 Nice Cedex 02, France, Laboratoire International Associé Réponse des Organismes et Populations face au Stress Environnemental - Université Côte d’Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco (LIA ROPSE), Université Côte d’Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), and Laboratoire de Pysique Théorique et Modélisation, UMR 8089, CY Cergy Paris Université, Cergy-Pontoise, France
Subjects: Salmonella typhimurium, 0301 basic medicine, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph], Science, Cell, General Physics and Astronomy, medicine.disease_cause, Time-Lapse Imaging, 01 natural sciences, Bacterial Adhesion, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Motion, 03 medical and health sciences, Random search, Cell Line, Tumor, 0103 physical sciences, Statistics, medicine, Humans, 010306 general physics, Microscopy, Multidisciplinary, Bacteria, biology, Host (biology), Chemotaxis, Epithelial Cells, Pathogenic bacteria, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, In vitro, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cell culture, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Infection, Biological physics, Algorithms, Locomotion
Abstract: A crucial phase in the infection process, which remains poorly understood, is the localization of suitable host cells by bacteria. It is often assumed that chemotaxis plays a key role during this phase. Here, we report a quantitative study on how Salmonella Typhimurium search for T84 human colonic epithelial cells. Combining time-lapse microscopy and mathematical modeling, we show that bacteria can be described as chiral active particles with strong active speed fluctuations, which are of biological, as opposed to thermal, origin. We observe that there exists a giant range of inter-individual variability of the bacterial exploring capacity. Furthermore, we find Salmonella Typhimurium does not exhibit biased motion towards the cells and show that the search time statistics is consistent with a random search strategy. Our results indicate that in vitro localization of host cells, and also cell infection, are random processes, not involving chemotaxis, that strongly depend on bacterial motility parameters., Chemotaxis may generally be thought to determine bacterial virulence and identification of appropriate host cells. Here, Otte, Ipiña et al. show that if this process is studied in vitro, purely mechanistic random search strategies must be included to explain the experimental results.
Published: 2021
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36. Corrigendum : Le déclin des Insectes : il est urgent d’agir

Author: Yvon Le Maho, Jean-Dominique Lebreton, Jean-Luc Imler, Louis Lambrechts, Pascale Cossart, Philippe Grandcolas, Jean-Claude Duplessy, Anna-Bella Failloux, Hervé Jactel, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Modèles Insectes de l'Immunité Innée (M3I), Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions Virus-Insectes - Insect-Virus Interactions (IVI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs - Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions Bactéries-Cellules (UIBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut Pasteur [Paris], Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], General Medicine, Insect, Biology, Legend, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Action (philosophy), Butterfly, 030304 developmental biology, 010606 plant biology & botany, media_common
Abstract: International audience; There is an error in legend of Figure 3, names of the butterfly species have been swapped and therefore do not correspond to the photos of these species.; Une erreur s’est glissée dans la légende de la Figure 3, avec une interversion des noms des espèces de papillons qui ne correspondent donc pas aux photos de ces espèces.
Published: 2021
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37. Body Protein Sparing in Hibernators: A Source for Biomedical Innovation

Author: Bertile, Fabrice, Habold, Caroline, Le Maho, Yvon, Giroud, Sylvain, Département Sciences Analytiques et Interactions Ioniques et Biomoléculaires (DSA-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), and University of Veterinary Medicine [Vienna] (Vetmeduni)
Subjects: obesity, biomimicry, fasting, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lean mass, Review, muscles, hibernation, metabolic depression
Abstract: International audience; Proteins are not only the major structural components of living cells but also ensure essential physiological functions within theorganism. Any change in protein abundance and/or structure is at risk for the proper body functioning and/or survival oforganisms. Death following starvation is attributed to a loss of about half of total body proteins, and body protein loss induced bymuscle disuse is responsible for major metabolic disorders in immobilized patients, and sedentary or elderly people. Basicknowledge of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that control proteostasis is continuously growing. Yet, finding and developingefficient treatments to limit body/muscle protein loss in humans remains a medical challenge, physical exercise and nutritionalprograms managing to only partially compensate for it. This is notably a major challenge for the treatment of obesity, wheretherapies should promote fat loss while preserving body proteins. In this context, hibernating species preserve their lean bodymass, including muscles, despite total physical inactivity and low energy consumption during torpor, a state of drastic reduction inmetabolic rate associated with a more or less pronounced hypothermia. The present review introduces metabolic, physiological,and behavioral adaptations, e.g. energetics, body temperature, and nutrition, of the torpor or hibernation phenotype from smallto large mammals. Hibernating strategies could be linked to allometry aspects, the need for periodic rewarming from torpor,and/or the ability of animals to fast for more or less time, thus determining the capacity of individuals to save proteins. Both fatandfood-storing hibernators rely mostly on their body fat reserves during the torpid state, while minimizing body proteinutilization. A number of them may also replenish lost proteins during arousals by consuming food. The review takes stock of thephysiological, molecular and cellular mechanisms that promote body protein and muscle sparing during the inactive state ofhibernation. Finally, the review outlines how the detailed understanding of these mechanisms at play in various hibernators isexpected to provide innovative solutions to fight human muscle atrophy, to better help the management of obese patients, or toimprove the ex-vivo preservation of organs.
Published: 2021
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38. Escherichia coli Rho GTPase-activating toxin CNF1 mediates NLRP3 inflammasome activation via p21-activated kinases-1/2 during bacteraemia in mice

Author: Alexandre Gallerand, Arnaud Jacquel, Pedro Henrique Viana Saavedra, Cedric Torre, Paul Chaintreuil, Sandrine Marchetti, Alissa Majoor, Mohamed Lamkanfi, Raymond Ruimy, Céline Loubatier, Amaury Rey, Anne Doye, Laurent Boyer, Benedicte F. Py, Grégory Michel, Johan Courjon, Rodolphe Guinamard, Patrick Munro, Dorota Czerucka, Orane Visvikis, Océane Dufies, Els Verhoeyen, Centre méditerranéen de médecine moléculaire (C3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Laboratoire International Associé Réponse des Organismes et Populations face au Stress Environnemental - Université Côte d’Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco (LIA ROPSE), Université Côte d’Azur - Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-CE15-0001,AVI,Identification de l'inflammasome impliqué dans l'Immunité Anti-Virulence: Impact sur notre façon de combattre la bactériémie(2017), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Guinamard, Rodolphe
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Inflammasomes, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Immunology, Bacterial Toxins, Bacteremia, GTPase, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, PAK1, NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein, Genetics, medicine, Escherichia coli, Animals, Phosphorylation, p21-activated kinases, Escherichia coli Infections, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, integumentary system, 030306 microbiology, Chemistry, Kinase, Escherichia coli Proteins, Pyroptosis, Pattern recognition receptor, Inflammasome, Cell Biology, Bacterial Load, Immunity, Innate, 3. Good health, Cell biology, rac GTP-Binding Proteins, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Cytokine, p21-Activated Kinases, medicine.drug, Signal Transduction
Abstract: Inflammasomes are signalling platforms that are assembled in response to infection or sterile inflammation by cytosolic pattern recognition receptors. The consequent inflammasome-triggered caspase-1 activation is critical for the host defence against pathogens. During infection, NLRP3, which is a pattern recognition receptor that is also known as cryopyrin, triggers the assembly of the inflammasome-activating caspase-1 through the recruitment of ASC and Nek7. The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is tightly controlled both transcriptionally and post-translationally. Despite the importance of the NLRP3 inflammasome regulation in autoinflammatory and infectious diseases, little is known about the mechanism controlling the activation of NLRP3 and the upstream signalling that regulates the NLRP3 inflammasome assembly. We have previously shown that the Rho-GTPase-activating toxin from Escherichia coli cytotoxic necrotizing factor-1 (CNF1) activates caspase-1, but the upstream mechanism is unclear. Here, we provide evidence of the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in sensing the activity of bacterial toxins and virulence factors that activate host Rho GTPases. We demonstrate that this activation relies on the monitoring of the toxin’s activity on the Rho GTPase Rac2. We also show that the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by a signalling cascade that involves the p21-activated kinases 1 and 2 (Pak1/2) and the Pak1-mediated phosphorylation of Thr 659 of NLRP3, which is necessary for the NLRP3–Nek7 interaction, inflammasome activation and IL-1β cytokine maturation. Furthermore, inhibition of the Pak–NLRP3 axis decreases the bacterial clearance of CNF1-expressing UTI89 E. coli during bacteraemia in mice. Taken together, our results establish that Pak1 and Pak2 are critical regulators of the NLRP3 inflammasome and reveal the role of the Pak–NLRP3 signalling axis in vivo during bacteraemia in mice. Here, the authors present the upstream pathway that controls the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome during bacteraemia. The CNF1 toxin from Escherichia coli activates the Rho GTPase Rac2 and its activity is sensed by NLRP3, which is activated by a signalling cascade involving p21-activated kinases 1 and 2.
Published: 2021
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39. Development

Author: Santos, Maria Dos, Moncada, Stefano, Elia, Antonietta, Grillakis, Manolis, Hilmi, Nathalie, Polytechnical Institute of Lisbon, University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL), Lisbon, Portugal, University of Malta, Msida, Malta, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Institute of Mediterranean Studies (Institute of Technology & Research – Hellas), Rethymno, Crete, Greece, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Cramer W, Guiot J, and Marini K
Subjects: [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

40. RNA splicing modulation: Therapeutic progress and perspectives

Author: Saoudi, Amel, Goyenvalle, Aurélie, Sciences, EDP, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Handicap neuromusculaire : Physiopathologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologies appliquées (END-ICAP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM)
Subjects: [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV.BBM.GTP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]
Abstract: Advances in genetic and genomic research continue to increase our knowledge of hereditary diseases, and an increasing number of them are being attributed to aberrant splicing, thus representing ideal targets for RNA modulation therapies. New strategies to skip or re-include exons during the splicing process have emerged and are now widely evaluated in the clinic. Several drugs have recently been approved in particular for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and spinal muscular atrophy. Among these molecules, antisense oligonucleotides, or ASOs, have gained increasing interest and have constantly been improved over the years through chemical modifications and design. However, their limited biodistribution following systemic administration still represents a major hurdle and the development of more potent alternative chemistries or new delivery systems has become a very active line of research in the past few years. In parallel, the use of small molecules with excellent biodistribution properties or of viral vectors to convey antisense sequences is also being investigated. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in splicing therapies through two examples of neuromuscular diseases and we discuss their main benefits and current limitations., Les avancées en recherches génétique et génomique ne cessent d’accroître nos connaissances des maladies héréditaires. Un nombre croissant de ces maladies relève d’épissages aberrants qui représentent des cibles idéales pour les approches correctives centrées sur l’ARN. De nouvelles stratégies, en particulier médicamenteuses, visant à exclure ou à ré-inclure des exons lors du processus d’épissage, ont ainsi émergé et plusieurs molécules ont récemment obtenu des autorisations de mise sur le marché, notamment pour le traitement de la dystrophie musculaire de Duchenne et de l’amyotrophie spinale, suscitant de plus en plus d’intérêt et d’espoir. Parmi ces molécules, les oligonucléotides antisens, ou ASO, ont connu un réel essor et font l’objet de progrès constants en matière de modifications chimiques et de conception. Toutefois, leur biodistribution après administration par voie générale demeure souvent limitée, et le développement de chimies alternatives plus performantes et de nouveaux systèmes d’adressage est devenu un axe de recherche très actif. En parallèle, l’utilisation de petites molécules présentant une excellente biodistribution, ou de vecteurs viraux pour véhiculer les séquences antisens, est également explorée. Dans cette Synthèse, nous présentons les dernières avancées de ces approches de modulation d’épissage à travers deux exemples de maladies neuromusculaires. Nous discutons de leurs avantages et des principales limitations actuelles.
Published: 2021
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41. Designing a blueprint for coral reef survival

Author: Joan A. Kleypas, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, Robert H. Richmond, Andrew C. Baker, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Kenneth R. N. Anthony, Robert S. Steneck, David Wachenfeld, Stephen R. Palumbi, Lynne Z. Hale, Christian R. Voolstra, Hajime Kayanne, Baruch Rinkevich, Peter J. Mumby, Denis Allemand, Michael W. Beck, Terry P. Hughes, Alexandre K. Magnan, Les Kaufman, Elizabeth Mcleod, Nathalie Hilmi, National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), University of Queensland [Brisbane], The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Stanford University, University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), University of Maine, Universität Konstanz, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut du Développement Durable et des Relations Internationales (IDDRI), and Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Paris
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Coral reefs, conservation strategy, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Climate change, Conservation strategy, Ecosystem restoration, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Effects of global warming, ddc:570, 14. Life underwater, Resilience (network), Reef, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Grand Challenges, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, business.industry, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Environmental resource management, ecosystem restoration!, Coral reef, ecosystem restoration, climate change, 13. Climate action, Marine protected area, Business, Fisheries management, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology
Abstract: International audience; Maintaining coral reef ecosystems is a social imperative, because so many people depend on coral reefs for food production, shoreline protection, and livelihoods. The survival of reefs this century, however, is threatened by the mounting effects of climate change. Climate mitigation is the foremost and essential action to prevent coral reef ecosystem collapse. Without it, reefs will become extremely diminished within the next 20-30 years. Even with strong climate mitigation, however, existing conservation measures such as marine protected areas and fisheries management are no longer sufficient to sustain the ecosystem and many additional and innovative actions to increase reef resilience must also be taken. In this paper we assess the suite of protections and actions in terms of their potential be effective according to a set of criteria that include effectiveness, readiness, co-benefits and disbenefits. Even with the best scientific innovation, saving coral reefs will require a well-funded, welldesigned, and rapidly executed strategy with political and social commitments at the level of other grand challenges.
Published: 2021
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42. Neuropilins, relevant targets for the treatment of clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Author: Dumond, Aurore, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Université Côte d'Azur, Gilles Pagès, Renaud Grepin, and STAR, ABES
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Tumoral microenvironment, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Micro-environnement tumoral, Immunology, Oncologie, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, [SDV.BBM.BM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Neuropilines, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Oncology, Immunologie, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Neuropilins, Cancers, [SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) represent 80% of kidney cancers. Around 80% of ccRCC present an inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau gene (VHL) gene, leading to the stabilization the Hypoxia Inducible Factors 1 and 2 alpha (HIF-1 and 2α) and to the overexpression of their targeted genes such as the « Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) », the principal angiogenic factor. Thus, ccRCC are one of the most vascularized cancers and represent a paradigm for anti-angiogenic treatments (AAT). Currently,15 different AAT have obtained FDA and EMA approval. They are divided in three different families:-antibodies targeting VEGF-tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKi) that target receptors involved in neo-angiogenesis such as the current reference therapy, sunitinib- decoy receptors that trap VEGFA and PlGF such as aflibercept.Overexpression of VEGF (involved in angiogenesis) and of the other member of the VEGF family, VEGFC (involved in lymphangiogenesis) is also a key phenomenon of immune tolerance. Therefore, immune-checkpoint inhibitors (anti PD-1, anti PD-L1 and anti CTLA-4) also obtained an approval for the treatment of ccRCC.However, relapse on TKi are frequently observed after a few months and immune-checkpoint inhibitors present a long-lasting effect only in 20% of patients. Hence, ccRCC is still an uncurable disease and new therapeutic strategies targeting concomitantly angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis and immune tolerance are urgently needed. Neuropilins (NRP1 and NRP2) are co-receptors of VEGF and VEGFC and are expressed on vascular and lymphatic endothelial cells, on tumor cells and on immune cells. Hence, they may represent ideal targets to inhibit the drivers of ccRCC aggressiveness.My thesis describes the relevance of targeting the NRP1 and NRP2 signaling pathways in ccRCC by a genetic (invalidation of the two genes by CRISPR/Cas9) and by a pharmacological approach (development of a NRPs inhibitor). The preclinical results generated represent an essential first step for the initiation of early phase clinical trials for patients with treatment failure., Les cancers du rein à cellules claires (ccRCC) représentent 80% des cancers du rein. Environ 80% des ccRCC présentent une inactivation/ mutation du gène de Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL), entraînant la stabilisation des facteurs inductibles d'hypoxie 1 et 2 alpha (HIF1 et 2α) et la surexpression de leurs gènes cibles tels que "le facteur de croissance vasculaire endothélial (VEGF)", le principal facteur d'angiogenèse. Ainsi les ccRCC sont les cancers les plus vascularisés et représentent un paradigme pour les traitements anti-angiogéniques (AAT). Aujourd'hui, 15 différents AAT ont obtenu l'approbation de la FDA et de l'EMA. Ils sont divisés en trois familles :- les anticorps ciblant les VEGFs- les inhibiteurs de tyrosine-kinase (TKi), qui ciblent les récepteurs impliqués dans la néo-angiogenèse, tel que le sunitinib- les récepteurs « leurres » qui piègent le VEGFA et le PlGF tel que l’aflibercept.La surexpression du VEGF (impliqué dans l'angiogenèse), et des autres membres de la famille du VEGF, le VEGFC (impliqué dans la lymphangiogenèse) est un phénomène clé dans la tolérance immune. Ainsi, des inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire (anti PD-1, anti PD-L1 et anti CTLA-4) ont aussi obtenu l'approbation des autorités de santé pour le traitement des ccRCC.En revanche, une rechute après quelques mois de traitement par les TKi est souvent observée et les inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire présentent une efficacité sur seulement 20% des patients. Ainsi, le ccRCC reste incurable chez une majorité de patients et de nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques ciblant à la fois l'angiogenèse, la lymphangiogenèse et la tolérance immune sont nécessaires.Les Neuropilines (NRP1 et NRP2) sont des corécepteurs de VEGF et de VEGFC et sont exprimés sur les cellules endothéliales vasculaires et lymphatiques, sur les cellules tumorales et sur les cellules du système immunitaire. Ainsi, les Neuropilines sont de nouvelles cibles pertinentes pour le traitement du ccRCC.Ma thèse décrit la pertinence du ciblage des voies de signalisation NRP1 et NRP2 dans les ccRCC par une approche génétique (invalidation des deux gènes par CRISPR/Cas9) et par une approche pharmacologique (développement d’un inhibiteur des NRPs). Les résultats précliniques générés représentent une première étape essentielle pour l’initiation d’essais cliniques de phase précoce pour les patients en échec thérapeutique.
Published: 2020

43. Chapter 5 Society - Subchapter 5.1 Development

Author: Santos, Maria Dos, Moncada, Stefano, Elia, Antonietta, Grillakis, Manolis, Hilmi, Nathalie, Polytechnical Institute of Lisbon, University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL), Lisbon, Portugal, University of Malta, Msida, Malta, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), Institute of Mediterranean Studies (Institute of Technology & Research – Hellas), Rethymno, Crete, Greece, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) thanks to the financial support from the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA), United Nations Environment Programme / Mediterranean Action, Plan Bleu (Regional Activity Center of UNEP/MAP), Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of the Principality of Monaco, Cramer W, Guiot J, and Marini K
Subjects: [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

44. VEGFC negatively regulates the growth and aggressiveness of medulloblastoma cells

Author: Penco-Campillo, Manon, Comoglio, Yannick, Feliz Morel, Álvaro Javier, Hanna, Rita, Durivault, Jérôme, Leloire, Magalie, Mejias, Bastien, Pagnuzzi, Marina, Morot, Amandine, Burel-Vandenbos, Fanny, Selby, Matthew, Williamson, Daniel, Clifford, Steven, Claren, Audrey, Doyen, Jérôme, Picco, Vincent, Martial, Sonia, Pagès, Gilles, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Service d'anatomo-pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University [Newcastle], Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Antoine Lacassagne [Nice] (UNICANCER/CAL), UNICANCER-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and MARTIAL, Sonia
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: Medulloblastoma (MB), the most common brain pediatric tumor, is a pathology composed of four molecular subgroups. Despite a multimodal treatment, 30% of the patients eventually relapse, with the fatal appearance of metastases within 5 years. The major actors of meta-static dissemination are the lymphatic vessel growth factor, VEGFC, and its receptors/co-receptors. Here, we show that VEGFC is inversely correlated to cell aggressiveness. Indeed, VEGFC decreases MB cell proliferation and migration, and their ability to form pseudo-vessel in vitro. Irradiation resistant-cells, which present high levels of VEGFC, lose the ability to migrate and to form vessel-like structures. Thus, irradiation reduces MB cell aggressiveness via a VEGFC-dependent process. Cells intrinsically or ectopically overexpressing VEGFC and irradiation-resistant cells form smaller experimental tumors in nude mice. Opposite to the common dogma, our results give strong arguments in favor of VEGFC as a negative regulator of MB growth., Le médulloblastome (MB), la tumeur pédiatrique maligne cérébrale la plus courante, est une pathologie composée de quatre sous-groupes moléculaires. Malgré un traitement multimodal, 30% des patients rechutent finalement, avec l'apparition fatale de métastases dans les 5 ans. Les principaux acteurs de la dissémination métastatique sont le facteur de croissance des vaisseaux lymphatiques, le VEGFC, et ses récepteurs / co-récepteurs. Ici, nous montrons que le VEGFC est inversement corrélé à l'agressivité cellulaire. En effet, le VEGFC diminue la prolifération et la migration des cellules MB, ainsi que leur capacité à former des pseudo-vaisseaux in vitro. Les cellules résistantes à l'irradiation, qui présentent des niveaux élevés de VEGFC, perdent la capacité de migrer et de former des structures de type « vaisseaux ». Ainsi, l'irradiation réduit l'agressivité des cellules MB via un processus dépendant du VEGFC. Les cellules surexprimant le VEGFC de façon intrinsèque ou ectopique et les cellules résistantes à l'irradiation forment des tumeurs expérimentales plus petites chez la souris nude. Contrairement au dogme commun, nos résultats donnent de solides arguments en faveur du rôle de régulateur négatif du VEGFC sur la croissance du MB.
Published: 2020
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45. Nutritional ecology of Red Sea soft corals

Author: Pupier, Chloé A., Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Sorbonne Université, and Christine Ferrier-Pagès
Subjects: Hétérotrophie, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Octocoral, Octocoralliaires, Autotrophie, Heterotrophy, Symbiose, Autotrophy, Symbiosis, Mesophotic, Mésophotique, Mer Rouge
Abstract: Octocorals living in symbiosis with photosynthetic dinoflagellates are one of the major benthic groups of tropical coral reefs. They are notably abundant within disturbed ecosystems where environmental changes have led to the decline of reef-building corals. Although nutrition plays a fundamental role in regulating the abundance of a population, the acquisition of nutrients by octocorals has received little attention to date. The aims of this thesis were to characterize the acquisition and assimilation of autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrients by octocoral species from the Red Sea, from the shallow down to the upper mesophotic zone. The results show that the autotrophic carbon fixation in octocorals is lower at shallow depth compared to scleractinians, but equivalent at mesophotic depths. In addition, the assimilation of dissolved nitrogen compounds is lower in octocorals than in scleractinian corals. These results suggest that octocorals strongly depend on heterotrophic food sources to meet their nutritional requirements. Such mixotrophy provides octocorals with a wide trophic plasticity, which may contribute to their higher resistance to cope with already on-going environmental changes.; Les octocoralliaires vivant en symbiose avec des dinoflagellés photosynthétiques représentent l’un des principaux groupes benthiques des récifs coralliens tropicaux. Ils sont notamment abondants au sein des écosystèmes perturbés où les changements environnementaux entraînent le déclin des coraux scléractiniaires. Bien que la nutrition joue un rôle fondamental dans la régulation de l’abondance d’une population, l’acquisition de nutriments par les octocoralliaires reste à ce jour méconnue. Les objectifs de cette thèse étaient de caractériser la nutrition autotrophe et hétérotrophe des espèces d’octocoralliaires de mer Rouge, depuis la surface jusqu’à la zone mésophotique supérieure. Les résultats démontrent que par rapport aux scléractiniaires, la fixation de carbone autotrophe chez les octocoralliaires est plus faible en surface, mais équivalente en profondeur. De plus, l’assimilation de composés azotés dissous est bien inférieure chez les octocoralliaires, en comparaison avec les scléractiniaires. Ces résultats suggèrent que les octocoralliaires dépendent largement de sources alimentaires hétérotrophes pour satisfaire leurs besoins nutritionnels. Une telle mixotrophie leur confère une grande plasticité trophique, ce qui pourrait contribuer à une plus grande résistance aux changements environnementaux en cours.
Published: 2020

46. VEGFC negatively regulates the growth and aggressiveness of medulloblastoma cells

Author: Amandine Morot, Audrey Claren, Jérôme Doyen, Fanny Burel-Vandenbos, Steven C. Clifford, Manon Penco-Campillo, Rita Hanna, Matthew Selby, Bastien Mejias, Jérôme Durivault, Álvaro Javier Feliz Morel, Gilles Pagès, Sonia Martial, Magalie Leloire, Daniel Williamson, Marina Pagnuzzi, Yannick Comoglio, Vincent Picco, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Service d'anatomo-pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University [Newcastle], Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Antoine Lacassagne [Nice] (UNICANCER/CAL), and UNICANCER-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, Cell, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C, Medicine (miscellaneous), Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Paediatric cancer, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Lymphatic vessel, Biomarkers, Tumor, Animals, Humans, Receptor, Author Correction, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Cell Proliferation, Medulloblastoma, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Cell growth, Growth factor, medicine.disease, Prognosis, In vitro, 3. Good health, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Vascular endothelial growth factor C, lcsh:Biology (General), 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, Disease Progression, Heterografts, Lymph Nodes, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Tumour angiogenesis
Abstract: Medulloblastoma (MB), the most common brain pediatric tumor, is a pathology composed of four molecular subgroups. Despite a multimodal treatment, 30% of the patients eventually relapse, with the fatal appearance of metastases within 5 years. The major actors of metastatic dissemination are the lymphatic vessel growth factor, VEGFC, and its receptors/co-receptors. Here, we show that VEGFC is inversely correlated to cell aggressiveness. Indeed, VEGFC decreases MB cell proliferation and migration, and their ability to form pseudo-vessel in vitro. Irradiation resistant-cells, which present high levels of VEGFC, lose the ability to migrate and to form vessel-like structures. Thus, irradiation reduces MB cell aggressiveness via a VEGFC-dependent process. Cells intrinsically or ectopically overexpressing VEGFC and irradiation-resistant cells form smaller experimental tumors in nude mice. Opposite to the common dogma, our results give strong arguments in favor of VEGFC as a negative regulator of MB growth., Manon Penco-Campillo, Yannick Comoglio et al. show that VEGFC decreases the proliferation and migration of medulloblastoma cells, as well as their ability to form pseudo vessels. Cells expressing high levels of VEGFC also form smaller tumors when subcutaneously injected into the flank of nude mice, thus highlighting a negative regulatory role for VEGFC on tumor growth.
Published: 2020
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47. Gravitational-wave Constraints on the Equatorial Ellipticity of Millisecond Pulsars

Author: D. Rosińska, Patrice Hello, I. M. Pinto, Stephane Perries, I. La Rosa, Jean-René Cudell, S. Ponrathnam, Chunnong Zhao, G. Pagliaroli, W. Z. Korth, Torrey Cullen, S. H. Huttner, F. Garufi, Rakesh Kumar, Gor Oganesyan, O. Schwarm, Bernard F. Whiting, R. L. Savage, M. Laxen, Anchal Gupta, S. Hochheim, N. A. Robertson, A. F. Brooks, P. J. Quinonez, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, Surendra Nadh Somala, David Jones, David H. Shoemaker, J. D. Callaghan, Angela Trapananti, H. Rafferty, I. Dorrington, I. Di Palma, J. G. Bartlett, Yu Huang, Geert Raaijmakers, F. Y. Khalili, Q. Chu, J. H. Briggs, Mark Hannam, Marco Cavaglia, Subroto Mukherjee, David Jonathan Hofman, Lindsay DeMarchi, H. Sun, V. JaberianHamedan, Liam Cunningham, V. Kringel, I. M. Romero-Shaw, R. Tso, Jonathan Blackman, Frances Hellman, I. Molina, Jürgen Heinze, P. J. Sutton, Tyson Littenberg, G. Valdes, A. Adams, Laura Cadonati, Ken K. Y. Ng, K. Toland, T. D. Creighton, S. Barnum, R. Kirchhoff, S. P. Jadhav, V. Fafone, Kendall Ackley, R. K. Nayak, H. Y. Chia, A. Strunk, D. Petterson, Pablo Cerdá-Durán, Vivien Raymond, B. Edelman, G. Stolle-McAllister, M. Was, Giacomo Bruno, Sheelu Abraham, J. D. Bentley, I. C. F. Wong, Peter Aufmuth, Tania Regimbau, A. J. Tanasijczuk, L. Mereni, Patrick M. Koch, S. Banagiri, T. L. Lam, José A. Font, Tomasz Bulik, N. Singh, S. B. Anderson, J. Gais, Maya Fishbach, Tim Dietrich, Manel Molina-Ruiz, S. B. Coughlin, M. Mateu-Lucena, Jessica Steinlechner, M. Kolstein, A. Neunzert, D. Fiorucci, C. L. Chan, M. Heurs, A. K. Prajapati, A. R. Wade, M. Patel, Benjamin Stappers, W. Kastaun, H. Qi, J. H. Romie, G. Kuehn, F. J. Raab, Zachariah B. Etienne, N. Mukund, Jennifer Watchi, L. Kleybolte, Daniel R. George, Susan M. Scott, E. K. Porter, V. B. Adya, T. P. Downes, C. Horst, M. Pedraza, F. Muciaccia, A. Lockwood, F. Cavalier, A. Bals, G. Baltus, Karl Gill, V. Srivastava, M. Fays, Santosh Roy, A. Allocca, A. M. Farah, M. F. Carney, A. F. Helmling-Cornell, Ajay Kumar, C. Whittle, A. K. Divakarla, M. Mondin, M. M. Hanke, H. Vocca, L. Xiao, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Sergey P. Vyatchanin, L. Aiello, R. Green, V. Sequino, C. J. Richardson, Alberto Vecchio, Geoffrey Mo, J. M. Fishner, Will M. Farr, M. Montani, Nancy Aggarwal, Anupam Sharma, Lionel London, P. Kumar, A. Singha, Matteo Breschi, László Á. Gergely, Terry G. McRae, L. G. Prokhorov, Alessandro Longo, Richard J. Oram, D. D'Urso, François Bondu, Reed Essick, S. Kandhasamy, B. Sorazu, Lili Yang, M. Branchesi, D. Y. T. Pong, R. Gustafson, P. Barneo, A. F. Vargas, Chad Hanna, A. Bramley, C. Kimball, J. Oberling, M. Pirello, Fiodor Sorrentino, A. Di Lieto, M. Saleem, Matthew Bailes, M. Vasúth, A. Malik, S. Gaudio, G. R. Johns, Michael Williams, Moritz Mehmet, C. Darsow-Fromm, A. L. Stuver, T. J. Slaven-Blair, R. S. Bankar, M. C. Milovich-Goff, J. L. Wright, S. Bagnasco, P. Fulda, D. Hoyland, J. Casanueva Diaz, V. M. Bedakihale, P. Schale, C. Van Den Broeck, J. L. Willis, M. Eisenmann, E. Sowell, Ofek Birnholtz, J. Smetana, I. Dave, B. Hughey, P. Couvares, B. Idzkowski, V. Loriette, V. Skliris, S. T. Countryman, Surabhi Sachdev, Christopher J. Moore, Alec Mishkin, R. Cavalieri, A. K. Srivastava, A. E. Pace, A. Basti, Ryan N. Lang, Krzysztof Piotrzkowski, A. E. Tolley, J.-P. Coulon, E. A. Chase, Z. Frei, A. Macquet, Daichi Tsuna, D. L. Ferguson, M. J. Szczepańczyk, Denis Martynov, Marco Bazzan, C. Ingram, L. Pinard, Charalampos Markakis, F. Badaracco, T. T. Nguyen, Andrea Chincarini, Minkyun Noh, T. Z. Summerscales, E. Payne, T. Sadecki, M. Piendibene, S. Grunewald, R. Prasanna, Alessandra Corsi, D. Laghi, E. J. Daw, Maurizio Canepa, P. H. Nguyen, Antonio Marquina, Eric Hennes, A. S. Ubhi, T. A. Ferreira, K. D. Giardina, E. M. Santos, J. K. Wofford, M. A. Page, P. W. F. Forsyth, J. S. Lange, B. E. Ewing, M. C. Tringali, E. Massera, Y. Asali, S. Raja, S. Maliakal, C. Di Giorgio, J. Bidler, R. Dean, H. J. Bulten, D. B. Tanner, K. Rose, M. Pracchia, S. E. Gossan, Albert Lazzarini, Samaya Nissanke, A. T. Tran, M. A. Bizouard, B. K. Berger, V. V. Frolov, N. V. Krishnendu, A. Singhal, Kentaro Komori, Silvia Corezzi, J.-D. Fournier, Philip F. Hopkins, Oscar Blanch, Shaon Ghosh, F. Hernandez Vivanco, S. Leavey, Hai-Ping Cheng, A. Iess, Shawn Rosofsky, T. Di Girolamo, Archisman Ghosh, A. Balsamo, S. Khadka, C. I. Torrie, Jan Harms, A. S. Sengupta, Zhihui Du, G. Ciani, S. S. Eikenberry, James Healy, P. Brockill, Y. K. Lecoeuche, G. M. Harry, K. Venkateswara, R. Cotesta, Yuri Levin, S. X. Rail, Alessandro Nagar, Nicolas Sanchis-Gual, T. Hardwick, D. Steinmeyer, J. Liu, A. Pasqualetti, M. Tse, D. S. Tsai, D. Moraru, Edward Seidel, J. Woehler, T. H. Pang, J. Zweizig, F. Nocera, Alicia M. Sintes, M. Curyło, Kun Li, E. Floden, Gianpietro Cagnoli, Kevin M. Ryan, C. Difronzo, M. Korobko, Rosa Poggiani, F. Travasso, Michał Bejger, Giuseppe Intini, A. K. Y. Li, J. Jiang, G. Vajente, S. M. Gaebel, Benno Willke, A. Grado, C. Cahillane, J. Hennig, S. Bae, E. Coccia, M. E. Zucker, B. A. Weaver, J. G. Rollins, E. Hofgard, L.-W. Wei, Irene Fiori, G. Vedovato, L. E. H. Datrier, D. B. Kozak, A. Grimaldi, P. J. King, E. L. Merilh, C. Vorvick, Bruno Giacomazzo, Yang Yang, Xing-Jiang Zhu, Alena Ananyeva, Stanislav Babak, B. D. Lackey, Bala R. Iyer, S. McCormick, P. Grassia, Kipp Cannon, M. Steinke, S. G. Crowder, D. M. Macleod, T. D. Ramirez, Carl-Johan Haster, C. Pluchar, B. L. Swinkels, F. Cleva, G. Bergmann, M. P. Ross, T. B. Edo, S. Chung, M. Pichot, Maximiliano Isi, T. C. Pechsiri, M. Boldrini, Luigi D'Onofrio, F. Vetrano, J. Brooks, V. Gayathri, S. Walsh, Miriam Cabero, Alessandra Buonanno, M. Bischi, F. Frasconi, X. Liu, Kiran Prasai, D. Bankar, A. Poverman, M. Khursheed, F. Brighenti, F. Bergamin, B. R. Becher, J. Feicht, Satya Mohapatra, Sascha Husa, G. Venugopalan, S. R. Mohite, D.B. DeBra, A. Ain, R. D. Rodriguez-Soto, Doğa Veske, J. P. Zendri, J. G. Guerrero, R. Jaume, R. A. Eisenstein, B. J. J. Slagmolen, Hee-Suk Cho, Jishnu Suresh, G. D. Meadors, V. Frey, S. Farinon, A. Pele, M. Constancio, L. K. Nuttall, T. Zelenova, Riccardo Bassiri, Magnus Manske, R. Macas, G. Billingsley, D. M. Wilken, Sebastian Steinlechner, C. A. Rose, D. Ugolini, Roberto Chierici, F. Magaña-Sandoval, O. A. Hannuksela, L. Rolland, V. Hui, A. Perreca, Fabrizio Barone, G. Gemme, M. Drago, Mairi Sakellariadou, M. T. Hübner, Guenakh Mitselmakher, V. Tiwari, N. Man, Haocun Yu, Yann Bouffanais, M. Croquette, E. M. Gretarsson, Ying Guo, S. E. Dwyer, David Keitel, V. Savant, P. Raffai, E. Goetz, Peter Fritschel, Wenxiao Wang, V. Valsan, M. Masso-Reid, S. Karki, Francesco Chiadini, G. Pillant, S. H. R. Yuen, R. Metzdorff, S. J. Cooper, J. Junker, A. Lartaux-Vollard, Gabrielle Allen, Suvadeep Bose, L. Errico, C. Olivetto, J. Glanzer, W. G. Anderson, G. Cella, Vuk Mandic, Alessandro Bertolini, R. P. Udall, H. Estelles, S. J. Rowlinson, Joey Shapiro Key, O. Edy, J. R. Sanders, Stefan Grimm, P. Chanial, Z. J. Holmes, Podila Satya Venkata Narasimha Sharma, E. K. Gustafson, S. V. Angelova, E. Maros, E. J. Fauchon-Jones, A. Yoon, M. Lormand, Piotr Jaranowski, A. S. Hines, Paul Hill, Binlei Ding, S. Sudhagar, P. Puppo, Javier M. Antelis, S. J. Kapadia, K. Haughian, G. L. Mansell, R. Gouaty, A. V. Bhandari, Z. Márka, J. Betzwieser, J. Petermann, V. Dattilo, M. Ball, D. Singh, M. Merzougui, O. de Varona, S. Appert, Y. Setyawati, G. Cho, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, J. N. Hohmann, S. D'Antonio, Marta Colleoni, C. Nguyen, B. A. Boom, A. M. Sergeev, H. M. Lee, Chris A. Collins, G. Mendell, Antoine Heidmann, R. Flaminio, I. Belahcene, M. C. Heintze, D. A. Melchor, F. Marion, D. Buskulic, R. Fittipaldi, Francesco Pannarale, Soichiro Morisaki, K. Merfeld, J. A. Giaime, D. Corre, Y. M. Kim, K. A. Thorne, Jonathan E. Thompson, F. Carbognani, J.-G. Ducoin, C. Affeldt, S. Meshkov, Seog Oh, A. M. Holgado, K. G. Arun, M. Fitz-Axen, R. Gray, Isabel Cordero-Carrión, Ll. M. Mir, S. Vass, R. Coyne, J. Calderón Bustillo, J. A. Rocha, P. J. Veitch, Fabrice Matichard, R. K. Lanza, P. Dupej, Eric B. Flynn, B. Gateley, Howard Pan, S. J. Jadhav, Rico K. L. Lo, A. R. Williamson, Felipe Guzman, E. A. Huerta, R. Goetz, Stefano Ansoldi, D. D. White, S. C. Tait, A. Paolone, R. J. Trudeau, Tarun Souradeep, N. A. Didio, M. A. Okada, Shubhanshu Tiwari, A. Rocchi, B. Goncharov, R. Birney, V. Villa-Ortega, W. Katzman, L. E. Sanchez, D. Hartwig, Umakant D. Rapol, E. N. Clark, Ellen S. Howell, Aldo Ejlli, R. C. Walet, V. P. Mitrofanov, Fabrizio Bobba, M. Diaz-Ortiz, R. Taylor, Giovanni Carapella, A. Chiummo, G. S. Davies, H. Overmier, Astrid Lamberts, David A. Williams, I. W. Harry, W. Del Pozzo, P. F. Cohadon, Daniel E. Holz, Vincenzo Fiumara, Edoardo Milotti, B. Lantz, E. Lalande, H. Heitmann, D. Sawant, S. Wang, Matteo Pegoraro, Piero Rettegno, E. Cesarini, Aaron Buikema, C. C. Wipf, M. J. Cowart, C. Osthelder, Michela Mapelli, J. Li, N. Radulesco, D. J. Stops, J. S. H. Lee, T. Dal Canton, Felix Wellmann, J. Warner, R. Passaquieti, C. Rajan, Marcus E. Lower, Walid Chaibi, Andrew Matas, J. Hanks, Wolfango Plastino, C. L. Romel, A. Chen, N. Letendre, G. S. Wallace, Stefan Hild, Y. Ma, Tenglin Li, L. Haegel, A. Brillet, D. Rose, N. Y. Washington, D. Estevez, M. Nery, Enrico Calloni, G. Traylor, S. Soni, Thomas Corbitt, L. Salconi, C. A. Costa, Ettore Majorana, Gregorio Carullo, K. A. Santiago, R. Gamba, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, M. Agathos, Soumen Roy, K. Shukla, B. Garaventa, B. Patricelli, D. S. Wu, Margaret Millhouse, S. Márka, Zifan Zhou, I. A. Bilenko, David J. Ottaway, A. Paoli, I. J. Hollows, R. P. Fisher, S. Doravari, S. Mitra, Logan Richardson, M. Fyffe, Gabriela Gonzalez, K. R. Corley, Yogesh Verma, S. Mastrogiovanni, A. C. Green, R. Tenorio, Paul M. Ricker, V. Boudart, William Parker, T. Zhang, Thibaut Jacqmin, Pulak Ranjan Giri, Nikhil Sarin, J. Heinzel, E. Cuoco, D. Lumaca, M. Carpinelli, A. Dmitriev, K. Mason, B. Shaw, T. J. Hansen, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, R. M. S. Schofield, S. Sayah, N. A. Holland, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, Simone Mozzon, O. Halim, Odylio D. Aguiar, S. G. Gaonkar, Nicholas Demos, J. D. Lough, N. Sennett, Sebastien Clesse, N. Bode, Haixing Miao, Kenneth A. Strain, Jimin George, Otto A. Hannuksela, Albino Perego, Soma Mukherjee, G. A. Prodi, R. DeSalvo, B. F. Neil, P. Gupta, S. Ronchini, H. S. Chen, D. Sellers, Anuradha Gupta, F. Robinet, Fausto Acernese, K. Kuns, M. Cieślar, Valérie Martinez, Shreya Anand, M. Bitossi, C. Périgois, Cesare Barbieri, Walter Winkler, J. O'Dell, S. Katsanevas, Madeline Wade, Dániel Barta, E. Fenyvesi, Lucy E Clarke, C. Gray, G. H. Ogin, T. J. Shaffer, M. K. M. Bader, Xin Chen, R. M. Martin, Matthias H. Hennig, K. W. Tsang, H. Ohta, S. L. Danilishin, F. Di Giovanni, G. Bogaert, M. Sieniawska, A. C. Utina, Gregory Ashton, K. Chakravarti, K. L. Dooley, A. Romero, Sung-Po Chao, Fabio Marchesoni, T. Etzel, Patrick Weltevrede, A. S. Markosyan, K. Wette, M. Mantovani, E. Maynard, J. V. Van Heijningen, Viola Sordini, P. Ciecielag, Harald Lück, A. Sur, John J. Oh, P. A. Duverne, E. Knyazev, D. Verkindt, Timothy Evans, Francesco Puosi, Geraint Pratten, H. Fair, Benjamin J. Owen, J. F. J. van den Brand, M. G. Benjamin, M. Cho, D. Bersanetti, Yu Wang, P. Leaci, R. De Rosa, I. Nardecchia, A. Amato, S. Frasca, Jonathan Richardson, K. Lee, M. P. Thirugnanasambandam, Gianluca Grignani, M. Rakhmanov, D. Nothard, J. Palfreyman, Fangchen Feng, A. Viceré, Lisa Barsotti, M. Gosselin, Robert J. McCarthy, Kyungmin Kim, Debarati Chatterjee, T. Denker, B. O'Reilly, P. Gruning, T. F. Bennett, Lee McCuller, O. V. Palashov, Sean T. McWilliams, F. Piergiovanni, D. E. Cohen, C. S. Unnikrishnan, Takuya Tsutsui, E. Katsavounidis, Xiuling Li, S. Koley, M. Brinkmann, S. C. McGuire, J. F. Read, B. C. Pant, C. Messick, S. Di Pace, Rory Smith, C. Adams, R. M. Blair, D. Sigg, S. W. Ballmer, D. M. Shoemaker, Christos Karathanasis, Eric Thrane, Linqing Wen, Z. Tornasi, Daniele A. 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Knowles, Aykutlu Dana, Martin M. Fejer, J. R. Smith, R. Bork, S. Ghonge, K. AultONeal, Marica Valentini, H. Radkins, S. Biscoveanu, P. Figura, Archana Pai, J. Sadiq, Antonios Kontos, J. D. Jones, K.S.J. Rao, D. Schaetzl, F. Paoletti, D. P. Kapasi, B. Mours, R. Cummings, D. W. Yeeles, Deep Jariwala, Fabrizio Giulio Luca Pilo, J. McIver, L. M. DaneshgaranBajastani, V. Avendano, D. Mukherjee, O. Durante, E. A. Muñiz, S. Brunett, M. C. Araya, Robert Bruntz, A. Bozzi, G. J. Kim, S. Choate, L. van der Schaaf, S. A. Pai, R. Huxford, D. Sentenac, Patrick Brady, H. Hansen, P. Ruggi, A. Puecher, Srishti Tiwari, Karsten Danzmann, Andrea H. Tapia, A. Mullavey, T. J. N. Nelson, Javier Sánchez, P. Oppermann, Filip Morawski, M. Davier, E. Schwartz, C. De Rossi, M. Punturo, Leopoldo Milano, A. R. Guimaraes, R. Mittleman, Junwei Cao, A. Bisht, Kim Janssens, Y. Boetzel, S. M. Koehlenbeck, Jonathan R. Gair, Jordan Camp, D. Tao, C. Lazzaro, G. Guixé, Xiaohui Fan, B. Ratto, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. 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Venneberg, Vivishek Sudhir, E. Schreiber, L. Terkowski, Leo Singer, Jay D. Tasson, M. Landry, Geoffrey Lovelace, A. A. Ciobanu, John Veitch, J. Lehmann, P. B. Covas, F. Aubin, G. Stratta, Jesper Munch, Achamveedu Gopakumar, David Blair, N. Arnaud, Vijay Varma, M. MacInnis, Rémi Soulard, S. Caudill, Ryan Magee, M. De Laurentis, P. Rapagnani, C. Bradaschia, T. Mistry, K. Mogushi, A. Tripathee, L. Naticchioni, L. Di Fiore, A. Mhaske, Salvatore Vitale, Daniel J. Reardon, Nandita Khetan, A. K. Mehta, A. L. Urban, P. J. Easter, R. Zhang, Ik Siong Heng, T. Huynh-Dinh, I. Tosta e Melo, Chunglee Kim, J. S. Kissel, V. Bossilkov, H. Cao, Marc Favata, A. Gennai, Harald P. Pfeiffer, Roger Jones, V. J. Roma, E. Placidi, A. P. Spencer, Olivier Minazzoli, D. D. Brown, F. Meylahn, C. Austin, M. Razzano, B. Grace, S. M. Aronson, M. Rizzo, A. Depasse, I. W. Martin, N. van Bakel, Z. Yang, David E. McClelland, F. Martelli, Karan Jani, R. Shink, L. Rei, J. D. Merritt, A. Masserot, K. 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V. van, Vasúth, M., Viceré, A., Weßels, P., Yu, Hang, Yu, Haocun, Zadrożny, A., RS: FSE Grav. waves and fundamental physics, Grav. waves and fundamental physics, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIGO Scientific, Virgo, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES), The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, and Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and G
Subjects: Gravitational waves, Neutron stars, Pulsars, Gravitational wave sources, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Vela, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], neutron, Millisecond pulsar, emission, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, QB, Settore FIS/01, Physics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), [PHYS]Physics [physics], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gravitational-Waves, Pulsars, Neutron Stars, Gravitational wave, PROPER MOTION, Proper motion, gr-qc, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Neutron star, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Gravitational-Waves, SEARCHES, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Astrophysique, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, crab pulsar, Crab Pulsar, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Neutron Stars, Gravitational waves, Neutron stars, Pulsars, Gravitational wave sources, LIGO, Space and Planetary Science, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: We present a search for continuous gravitational waves from five radio pulsars, comprising three recycled pulsars (PSR J0437-4715, PSR J0711-6830, and PSR J0737-3039A) and two young pulsars: the Crab pulsar (J0534+2200) and the Vela pulsar (J0835-4510). We use data from the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo combined with data from their first and second observing runs. For the first time, we are able to match (for PSR J0437-4715) or surpass (for PSR J0711-6830) the indirect limits on gravitational-wave emission from recycled pulsars inferred from their observed spin-downs, and constrain their equatorial ellipticities to be less than 10-8. For each of the five pulsars, we perform targeted searches that assume a tight coupling between the gravitational-wave and electromagnetic signal phase evolution. We also present constraints on PSR J0711-6830, the Crab pulsar, and the Vela pulsar from a search that relaxes this assumption, allowing the gravitational-wave signal to vary from the electromagnetic expectation within a narrow band of frequencies and frequency derivatives., 0, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020
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48. Quantum Backaction on Kg-Scale Mirrors

Author: Acernese, F., Agathos, M., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Allocca, A., Amato, A., Ansoldi, S., Antier, S., Arène, M., Arnaud, N., ASCENZI, STEFANO, Astone, P., Aubin, F., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Bader, M. K. M., Bagnasco, S., Baird, J., Ballardin, G., Baltus, G., Barbieri, C., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bazzan, M., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I., Bernuzzi, S., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Bischi, M., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. -A., Blanch, O., Bobba, F., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Boldrini, M., Bondu, F., Bonnand, R., Boom, B. A., Boschi, V., Boudart, V., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Branchesi, M., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Brighenti, F., Brillet, A., Brooks, J., BRUNO, GIOVANNI, Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buskulic, D., Cagnoli, G., Calloni, E., Canepa, M., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Carpinelli, M., Carullo, G., Casanueva Diaz, J., CASENTINI, CLAUDIO, Caudill, S., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, W., Chanial, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chiadini, F., Chierici, R., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Christensen, N., Chua, S., Ciani, G., Ciecielag, P., Cieślar, M., Cifaldi, M., CIOLFI, RICCARDO, Cipriano, F., Cirone, A., Clesse, S., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Cohen, D. E., Colpi, M., Conti, L., Cordero-Carrión, I., Corezzi, S., Corre, D., Cortese, S., Coulon, J. -P., Croquette, M., Cudell, J. R., Cuoco, E., Curylo, M., D'Angelo, B., D'Antonio, S., D'Onofrio, L., D'Urso, D., Canton, T. Dal, Dattilo, V., Davier, M., De Laurentis, M., De Matteis, F., De Pietri, R., De Rosa, R., De Rossi, C., Degallaix, J., Del Pozzo, W., Deléglise, S., Depasse, A., Di Fiore, L., Di Giorgio, C., Di Giovanni, F., Di Giovanni, M., Di Girolamo, T., Di Lieto, A., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Renzo, F., Dietrich, T., Drago, M., Ducoin, J. -G., Durante, O., Duverne, P. -A., Eisenmann, M., ERRICO, Luigi, Estevez, D., Fafone, V., Farinon, S., Fays, M., Feng, F., Fenyvesi, E., Ferrante, I., Fidecaro, F., Figura, P., Fiori, I., Fiorucci, D., Fittipaldi, R., Fiumara, V., Flaminio, R., Font, J. A., Fournier, J. -D., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frey, V., Fronzé, G. G., Gamba, R., Garaventa, B., Garufi, F., Gemme, G., Gennai, A., Ghosh, Archisman, Giacomazzo, B., Giacoppo, L., Giri, P., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., GRADO, ANIELLO, Granata, M., Granata, V., Greco, G., Grignani, G., Grimaldi, A., Grimm, S. J., Gruning, P., Guidi, G. M., Guixé, G., Guo, Y., Gupta, P., Haegel, L., Halim, O., Hannuksela, O., Harder, T., Haris, K., Harms, J., Heidmann, A., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hennes, E., Hofman, D., Hui, V., Idzkowski, B., Iess, A., Intini, G., Jacqmin, T., Janssens, K., Jaranowski, P., Jonker, R. J. G., Karathanasis, C., Katsanevas, S., Kéfélian, F., Khan, I., Khetan, N., Koekoek, G., Koley, S., Kolstein, M., Królak, A., La Rosa, I., Laghi, D., Lamberts, A., Lartaux-Vollard, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Linde, F., Llorens-Monteagudo, M., Longo, A., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Losurdo, G., Lumaca, D., Macquet, A., Magazzù, C., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Man, N., MANGANO, VALERIA, Mantovani, M., Mapelli, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Marquina, A., Marsat, S., Martelli, F., Martinez, M., Martinez, V., Masserot, A., Mastrogiovanni, S., Menendez-Vazquez, A., Mereni, L., Merzougui, M., Metzdorff, R., Miani, A., Michel, C., Milano, L., Miller, A., Milotti, E., Minazzoli, O., Minenkov, Y., Mir, Ll. M., Montani, M., Morawski, F., Mours, B., Muciaccia, F., Nagar, A., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Neilson, J., Nelemans, G., Nguyen, C., Nissanke, S., Nocera, F., Oganesyan, G., Olivetto, C., Pagano, G., Pagliaroli, G., Palomba, C., Pang, T. H., Pannarale, F., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Paolone, A., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patricelli, B., Pegoraro, M., Perego, A., Périgois, C., Perreca, A., Perriès, S., Phukon, K. S., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piendibene, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierini, L., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Pilo, F., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Piotrzkowski, K., Placidi, E., Plastino, W., Poggiani, R., Polini, E., Popolizio, P., Porter, E. K., Pracchia, M., Principe, M., Prodi, G. 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J., Van Den Broeck, C., van der Schaaf, L., Vardaro, M., Vasúth, M., Vedovato, G., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Vinet, J. -Y., Vocca, H., Walet, R. C., Was, M., ZadroŻny, A., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Virgo Collaboration, Mehmet, M., Vahlbruch, H., Lück, H., Danzmann, K., Acernese, F., Agathos, M., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Allocca, A., Amato, A., Ansoldi, S., Antier, S., Arène, M., Arnaud, N., Ascenzi, S., Astone, P., Aubin, F., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Bader, M. K. M., Bagnasco, S., Baird, J., Ballardin, G., Baltus, G., Barbieri, C., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bazzan, M., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I., Bernuzzi, S., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Bischi, M., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. -A., Blanch, O., Bobba, F., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Boldrini, M., Bondu, F., Bonnand, R., Boom, B. A., Boschi, V., Boudart, V., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Branchesi, M., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Brighenti, F., Brillet, A., Brooks, J., Bruno, G., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buskulic, D., Cagnoli, G., Calloni, E., Canepa, M., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Carpinelli, M., Carullo, G., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Caudill, S., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, W., Chanial, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chiadini, F., Chierici, R., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Christensen, N., Chua, S., Ciani, G., Ciecielag, P., Cieślar, M., Cifaldi, M., Ciolfi, R., Cipriano, F., Cirone, A., Clesse, S., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Cohen, D. E., Colpi, M., Conti, L., Cordero-Carrión, I., Corezzi, S., Corre, D., Cortese, S., Coulon, J. -P., Croquette, M., Cudell, J. R., Cuoco, E., Curylo, M., D’Angelo, B., D’Antonio, S., D’Onofrio, L., D’Urso, D., Canton, T. Dal, Dattilo, V., Davier, M., De Laurentis, M., De Matteis, F., De Pietri, R., De Rosa, R., De Rossi, C., Degallaix, J., Del Pozzo, W., Deléglise, S., Depasse, A., Di Fiore, L., Di Giorgio, C., Di Giovanni, F., Di Giovanni, M., Di Girolamo, T., Di Lieto, A., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Renzo, F., Dietrich, T., Drago, M., Ducoin, J. -G., Durante, O., Duverne, P. -A., Eisenmann, M., Errico, L., Estevez, D., Fafone, V., Farinon, S., Fays, M., Feng, F., Fenyvesi, E., Ferrante, I., Fidecaro, F., Figura, P., Fiori, I., Fiorucci, D., Fittipaldi, R., Fiumara, V., Flaminio, R., Font, J. A., Fournier, J. -D., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frey, V., Fronzé, G. G., Gamba, R., Garaventa, B., Garufi, F., Gemme, G., Gennai, A., Ghosh, Archisman, Giacomazzo, B., Giacoppo, L., Giri, P., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Grado, A., Granata, M., Granata, V., Greco, G., Grignani, G., Grimaldi, A., Grimm, S. J., Gruning, P., Guidi, G. M., Guixé, G., Guo, Y., Gupta, P., Haegel, L., Halim, O., Hannuksela, O., Harder, T., Haris, K., Harms, J., Heidmann, A., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hennes, E., Hofman, D., Hui, V., Idzkowski, B., Iess, A., Intini, G., Jacqmin, T., Janssens, K., Jaranowski, P., Jonker, R. J. G., Karathanasis, C., Katsanevas, S., Kéfélian, F., Khan, I., Khetan, N., Koekoek, G., Koley, S., Kolstein, M., Królak, A., La Rosa, I., Laghi, D., Lamberts, A., Lartaux-Vollard, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Linde, F., Llorens-Monteagudo, M., Longo, A., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Losurdo, G., Lumaca, D., Macquet, A., Magazzù, C., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Man, N., Mangano, V., Mantovani, M., Mapelli, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Marquina, A., Marsat, S., Martelli, F., Martinez, M., Martinez, V., Masserot, A., Mastrogiovanni, S., Menendez-Vazquez, A., Mereni, L., Merzougui, M., Metzdorff, R., Miani, A., Michel, C., Milano, L., Miller, A., Milotti, E., Minazzoli, O., Minenkov, Y., Mir, Ll. M., Montani, M., Morawski, F., Mours, B., Muciaccia, F., Nagar, A., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Neilson, J., Nelemans, G., Nguyen, C., Nissanke, S., Nocera, F., Oganesyan, G., Olivetto, C., Pagano, G., Pagliaroli, G., Palomba, C., Pang, T. H., Pannarale, F., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Paolone, A., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patricelli, B., Pegoraro, M., Perego, A., Périgois, C., Perreca, A., Perriès, S., Phukon, K. S., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piendibene, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierini, L., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Pilo, F., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Piotrzkowski, K., Placidi, E., Plastino, W., Poggiani, R., Polini, E., Popolizio, P., Porter, E. K., Pracchia, M., Principe, M., Prodi, G. A., Prosposito, P., Puecher, A., Punturo, M., Puosi, F., Puppo, P., Raaijmakers, G., Radulesco, N., Rapagnani, P., Razzano, M., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Rettegno, P., Ricci, F., Riemenschneider, G., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Romanelli, M., Romano, R., Romero, A., Ronchini, S., Rosińska, D., Ruggi, P., Salafia, O. S., Salconi, L., Samajdar, A., Sanchis-Gual, N., Santos, E., Sassolas, B., Sauter, O., Sayah, S., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Sharma, A., Sieniawska, M., Singh, N., Singhal, A., Sipala, V., Sordini, V., Sorrentino, F., Sorrentino, N., Soulard, R., Spera, M., Stachie, C., Steer, D. A., Stratta, G., Sur, A., Swinkels, B. L., Tacca, M., Tanasijczuk, A. J., Martin, E. N. Tapia San, Tonelli, M., Torres-Forné, A., Tosta e Melo, I., Trapananti, A., Travasso, F., Tringali, M. C., Trovato, A., Tsang, K. W., Turconi, M., Valentini, M., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van den Brand, J. F. J., Van Den Broeck, C., van der Schaaf, L., Vardaro, M., Vasúth, M., Vedovato, G., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Vinet, J. -Y., Vocca, H., Walet, R. C., Was, M., Zadrożny, A., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Mehmet, M., Vahlbruch, H., Lück, H., Danzmann, K., RS: FSE Grav. waves and fundamental physics, Grav. waves and fundamental physics, RS: FSE MSP, IoP (FNWI), Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI), Dipartimento di Farmacia (Università di Salerno), Università degli Studi di Salerno = University of Salerno (UNISA), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli (INFN, Sezione di Napoli), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut [Jena], Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Pisa] (INFN), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Spectroscopies optiques des matériaux verres, amorphes et à nanoparticules (SOPRANO), Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica - 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Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (IHES), Arene, M., Diaz, J. C., Cerda-Duran, P., Cieslar, M., Cordero-Carrion, I., D'Angelo, B., D'Antonio, S., D'Onofrio, L., D'Urso, D., Canton, T. D., Deleglise, S., Fronze, G. G., Ghosh, A., Guixe, G., Kefelian, F., Krolak, A., Magazzu, C., Mir, L. M., Perigois, C., Perries, S., Pinto, I., Rosinska, D., Martin, E. N. T. S., Torres-Forne, A., Tosta E Melo, I., Van Bakel, N., Van Beuzekom, M., Van Den Brand, J. F. J., Van Der Schaaf, L., Vasuth, M., Vicere, A., Zadrozny, A., Luck, H., Virgo Collaboration, (Astro)-Particles Physics, Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and G, Acernese, F, Agathos, M, Aiello, L, Ain, A, Allocca, A, Amato, A, Ansoldi, S, Antier, S, Arène, M, Arnaud, N, Ascenzi, S, Astone, P, Aubin, F, Babak, S, Badaracco, F, Bader, M, Bagnasco, S, Baird, J, Ballardin, G, Baltus, G, Barbieri, C, Barneo, P, Barone, F, Barsuglia, M, Barta, D, Basti, A, Bawaj, M, Bazzan, M, Bejger, M, Belahcene, I, Bernuzzi, S, Bersanetti, D, Bertolini, A, Bischi, M, Bitossi, M, Bizouard, M, Blanch, O, Bobba, F, Boer, M, Bogaert, G, Boldrini, M, Bondu, F, Bonnand, R, Boom, B, Boschi, V, Boudart, V, Bouffanais, Y, Bozzi, A, Bradaschia, C, Branchesi, M, Breschi, M, Briant, T, Brighenti, F, Brillet, A, Brooks, J, Bruno, G, Bulik, T, Bulten, H, Buskulic, D, Cagnoli, G, Calloni, E, Canepa, M, Carapella, G, Carbognani, F, Carpinelli, M, Carullo, G, Diaz, J, Casentini, C, Caudill, S, Cavalier, F, Cavalieri, R, Cella, G, Cerdá-Durán, P, Cesarini, E, Chaibi, W, Chanial, P, Chassande-Mottin, E, Chiadini, F, Chierici, R, Chincarini, A, Chiummo, A, Christensen, N, Chua, S, Ciani, G, Ciecielag, P, Cieślar, M, Cifaldi, M, Ciolfi, R, Cipriano, F, Cirone, A, Clesse, S, Cleva, F, Coccia, E, Cohadon, P, Cohen, D, Colpi, M, Conti, L, Cordero-Carrión, I, Corezzi, S, Corre, D, Cortese, S, Coulon, J, Croquette, M, Cudell, J, Cuoco, E, Curylo, M, D'Angelo, B, D'Antonio, S, D'Onofrio, L, D'Urso, D, Canton, T, Dattilo, V, Davier, M, De Laurentis, M, De Matteis, F, De Pietri, R, De Rosa, R, De Rossi, C, Degallaix, J, Del Pozzo, W, Deléglise, S, Depasse, A, Di Fiore, L, Di Giorgio, C, Di Giovanni, F, Di Giovanni, M, Di Girolamo, T, Di Lieto, A, Di Pace, S, Di Palma, I, Di Renzo, F, Dietrich, T, Drago, M, Ducoin, J, Durante, O, Duverne, P, Eisenmann, M, Errico, L, Estevez, D, Fafone, V, Farinon, S, Fays, M, Feng, F, Fenyvesi, E, Ferrante, I, Fidecaro, F, Figura, P, Fiori, I, Fiorucci, D, Fittipaldi, R, Fiumara, V, Flaminio, R, Font, J, Fournier, J, Frasca, S, Frasconi, F, Frey, V, Fronzé, G, Gamba, R, Garaventa, B, Garufi, F, Gemme, G, Gennai, A, Ghosh, A, Giacomazzo, B, Giacoppo, L, Giri, P, Gosselin, M, Gouaty, R, Grado, A, Granata, M, Granata, V, Greco, G, Grignani, G, Grimaldi, A, Grimm, S, Gruning, P, Guidi, G, Guixé, G, Guo, Y, Gupta, P, Haegel, L, Halim, O, Hannuksela, O, Harder, T, Haris, K, Harms, J, Heidmann, A, Heitmann, H, Hello, P, Hemming, G, Hennes, E, Hofman, D, Hui, V, Idzkowski, B, Iess, A, Intini, G, Jacqmin, T, Janssens, K, Jaranowski, P, Jonker, R, Karathanasis, C, Katsanevas, S, Kéfélian, F, Khan, I, Khetan, N, Koekoek, G, Koley, S, Kolstein, M, Królak, A, La Rosa, I, Laghi, D, Lamberts, A, Lartaux-Vollard, A, Lazzaro, C, Leaci, P, Leroy, N, Letendre, N, Linde, F, Llorens-Monteagudo, M, Longo, A, Lorenzini, M, Loriette, V, Losurdo, G, Lumaca, D, Macquet, A, Magazzù, C, Majorana, E, Maksimovic, I, Man, N, Mangano, V, Mantovani, M, Mapelli, M, Marchesoni, F, Marion, F, Marquina, A, Marsat, S, Martelli, F, Martinez, M, Martinez, V, Masserot, A, Mastrogiovanni, S, Menendez-Vazquez, A, Mereni, L, Merzougui, M, Metzdorff, R, Miani, A, Michel, C, Milano, L, Miller, A, Milotti, E, Minazzoli, O, Minenkov, Y, Mir, L, Montani, M, Morawski, F, Mours, B, Muciaccia, F, Nagar, A, Nardecchia, I, Naticchioni, L, Neilson, J, Nelemans, G, Nguyen, C, Nissanke, S, Nocera, F, Oganesyan, G, Olivetto, C, Pagano, G, Pagliaroli, G, Palomba, C, Pang, T, Pannarale, F, Paoletti, F, Paoli, A, Paolone, A, Pascucci, D, Pasqualetti, A, Passaquieti, R, Passuello, D, Patricelli, B, Pegoraro, M, Perego, A, Périgois, C, Perreca, A, Perriès, S, Phukon, K, Piccinni, O, Pichot, M, Piendibene, M, Piergiovanni, F, Pierini, L, Pierro, V, Pillant, G, Pilo, F, Pinard, L, Pinto, I, Piotrzkowski, K, Placidi, E, Plastino, W, Poggiani, R, Polini, E, Popolizio, P, Porter, E, Pracchia, M, Principe, M, Prodi, G, Prosposito, P, Puecher, A, Punturo, M, Puosi, F, Puppo, P, Raaijmakers, G, Radulesco, N, Rapagnani, P, Razzano, M, Regimbau, T, Rei, L, Rettegno, P, Ricci, F, Riemenschneider, G, Robinet, F, Rocchi, A, Rolland, L, Romanelli, M, Romano, R, Romero, A, Ronchini, S, Rosińska, D, Ruggi, P, Salafia, O, Salconi, L, Samajdar, A, Sanchis-Gual, N, Santos, E, Sassolas, B, Sauter, O, Sayah, S, Seglar-Arroyo, M, Sentenac, D, Sequino, V, Sharma, A, Sieniawska, M, Singh, N, Singhal, A, Sipala, V, Sordini, V, Sorrentino, F, Sorrentino, N, Soulard, R, Spera, M, Stachie, C, Steer, D, Stratta, G, Sur, A, Swinkels, B, Tacca, M, Tanasijczuk, A, Martin, E, Tonelli, M, Torres-Forné, A, Tosta E Melo, I, Trapananti, A, Travasso, F, Tringali, M, Trovato, A, Tsang, K, Turconi, M, Valentini, M, van Bakel, N, van Beuzekom, M, van den Brand, J, Van Den Broeck, C, van der Schaaf, L, Vardaro, M, Vasúth, M, Vedovato, G, Verkindt, D, Vetrano, F, Viceré, A, Vinet, J, Vocca, H, Walet, R, Was, M, Zadrożny, A, Zelenova, T, Zendri, J, Mehmet, M, Vahlbruch, H, Lück, H, and Danzmann, K
Subjects: Gravitational-wave observatory, thermal noise, Astronomy, Physics, Multidisciplinary, General Physics and Astronomy, Physics and Astronomy(all), 01 natural sciences, squeezed light, Gravitational Waves detector, SQUEEZED-LIGHT, Gravitational waves, Gravitational wave detectors, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, 010306 general physics, Quantum, Astrophysique, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Settore FIS/01, Science & Technology, business.industry, Gravitational wave, Virgo, Quantum noise, Shot noise, Quantum fluctuations & noise, SQUEEZED-LIGHT, Gravitational wave detector, Radiation pressure, Physics and Astronomy, Physical Sciences, gravitational waves, business, Noise (radio), Squeezed coherent state
Abstract: The quantum radiation pressure and the quantum shot noise in laser-interferometric gravitational wave detectors constitute a macroscopic manifestation of the Heisenberg inequality. If quantum shot noise can be easily observed, the observation of quantum radiation pressure noise has been elusive, so far, due to the technical noise competing with quantum effects. Here, we discuss the evidence of quantum radiation pressure noise in the Advanced Virgo gravitational wave detector. In our experiment, we inject squeezed vacuum states of light into the interferometer in order to manipulate the quantum backaction on the 42 kg mirrors and observe the corresponding quantum noise driven displacement at frequencies between 30 and 70 Hz. The experimental data, obtained in various interferometer configurations, is tested against the Advanced Virgo detector quantum noise model which confirmed the measured magnitude of quantum radiation pressure noise., 0, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020
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49. What evidence exists on the impacts of chemicals arising from human activity on tropical reef-building corals? A systematic map protocol

Author: Ouedraogo, Dakis-Yaoba, Sordello, Romain, Brugneaux, Sophie, Burga, Karen, Calvayrac, Christophe, Castelin, Magalie, Domart-Coulon, I., Ferrier-Pagès, Christine, Guillaume, Mireille, Hédouin, Laetitia, Joannot, Pascale, Perceval, Olivier, Reyjol, Yorick, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Patrimoine naturel (PatriNat), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Direction générale déléguée à la Recherche, à l’Expertise, à la Valorisation et à l’Enseignement-Formation (DGD.REVE), Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Biocapteurs-Analyses-Environnement (BAE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), PIERRE FABRE-EDF (EDF)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université des Antilles (UA), and Direction générale déléguée aux collections (DGD.C)
Subjects: lcsh:GE1-350, Contamination, Hermatypic, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Nutrients, Scleractinian, Pollution, lcsh:Environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Background: Tropical coral reefs cover ca. 0.1% of the Earth's surface but host an outstanding biodiversity and provide important ecosystem services to millions of people living nearby. However, they are currently threatened by both local (e.g. nutrient enrichment and chemical pollution of coastal reefs, arising from poor land management, agriculture and industry) and global stressors (mainly seawater warming and acidification, i.e. climate change). Global and local stressors interact together in different ways, but the presence of one stressor often reduces the tolerance to additional stress. While global stressors cannot be halted by local actions, local stressors can be reduced through ecosystem management, therefore minimizing the impact of climate change on reefs. To inform decision-makers, we propose here to systematically map the evidence of impacts of chemicals arising from anthropogenic activities on tropical reef-building corals, which are the main engineer species of reef ecosystems. We aim to identify the combinations of chemical and coral responses that have attracted the most attention and for which evidence can be further summarized in a systematic review that will give practical information to decision-makers. Methods: The systematic map will follow the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence Guidelines and Standards for Evidence Synthesis in Environmental Management. We will search the relevant literature using English terms combined in a tested search string in two publication databases (Web Of Science Core Collection and Scopus). The search string will combine terms describing the population (tropical reef-building corals) and the exposure (chemicals). We will supplement this literature with some more obtained through search engines, specialist websites, and through a call to local stakeholders. Titles, abstracts, and full-texts will then be successively screened using pre-defined eligibility criteria. A list of pre-defined variables will then be extracted from full-texts. Finally, a database of all studies included in the map with coded metadata will be produced. The evidence will be described in a map report with text, figures and tables, and a matrix showing the distribution and frequency of included study into types of exposure and types of outcomes will be computed to identify potential knowledge gaps and knowledge clusters.
Published: 2020
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50. micrObs - A customizable time-lapse camera for ecological studies

Author: Winterl, Alexander, Richter, Sebastian, Houstin, Aymeric, Nesterova, Anna, Bonadonna, Francesco, Schneider, Werner, Fabry, Ben, Le Bohec, Céline, Zitterbart, Daniel, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: remote sensing, collective behavior, wildlife monitoring, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, automated camera system, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, lcsh:Science (General), ddc:600, lcsh:Q1-390, image processing
Abstract: International audience; Camera traps for motion-triggered or continuous time-lapse recordings are readily available on the market. For demanding applications in ecology and environmental sciences, however, commercial systems often lack flexibility to freely adjust recording time intervals, suffer from mechanical component wear, and can be difficult to combine with auxiliary sensors such as GPS, weather stations, or light sensors. We present a robust time-lapse camera system that has been operating continuously since 2013 under the harsh climatic conditions of the Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic regions. Thus far, we have recorded over one million images with individual cameras. The system consumes 122 mW of power in standby mode and captures up to 200,000 high-resolution (16 MPix) images without maintenance such as battery or image memory replacement. It offers time-lapse intervals between 2 s and 1 day, low-light or night-time power saving, and data logging capabilities for additional inputs such as GPS and weather data.
Published: 2020
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